Agzero+
Towards sustainable climate-neutral farming
Trade-offs between farmland and coastal zones
Keila Guillen Oñate
Sea and Society - PML
Picture credit: Lucy Hulmes
Agzero+ Towards sustainable climate-neutral farming
What’s the project about…
Test innovative netzero+ farming systems (i.e. agroforestry, target fertilizer application, etc.)
Diversification in farming systems (Rose, et al., 2019)
Cost savings (herbicide, pesticide, fertilizer, labour, among others)
Carbon sequestration
Weed and pests control
Water regulation
Produce nutritious food while reducing GHG emissions and pollution.
Biodiversity enhancement
Pollution reduction
Enhance biodiversity and soil health.
What does that have to do with coastal areas?....
Different types of interactions between agricultural and coastal systems ( Cottrell et al., 2018):
• Ecosystem connectivity: runoffs, water management.
• Feed interdependencies: agricultural products feed aquaculture, and fisheries products feed aquaculture and are used as input in livestock farms.
• Livelihood interactions: Diversification, competition for land use.
• Climate feedback: contribution to GHG emission and impacts from climate change.
Ecosystem services
How can we analyse these interactions?...
Trade-offs and synergies can be seen as negative and positive correlations between ecosystem services (ES) or benefits, therefore, between beneficiaries as well (Turkelboom et al., 2018; Vallet et al., 2018).
Land management choices → increase the offer of one or more ES while decreasing/increasing the offer of other ES (given a limitation of human and natural resources).
Stakeholders are placed in the centre of this analysis:
- Values
- Interests
-
NeedsUse of ES
- Power
-
Choices
Trade-offs
Solutions
Farming
Agri-Ecosystems services -benefits
Tamar Catchment
Food provision
Recreation
Livelihoods
Coastal Ecosystems Services – Benefits
Flood control
Carbon regulation
Biodiversity
Recreation
Nutrients run-offs
Food provision
Livelihoods
Eutrophication and algae mat proliferation
Saltmarshes
Coastal/Marine human activities
Trade-offs and synergies between farmland and coastal zones
• What are the trade-offs and synergies between agricultural and coastal ecosystem services, benefits and their beneficiaries?
• How can these trade-offs/synergies change with net zero+ approach implementation in farms?
• Why is important to answer these questions?
To identify winners and losers, mitigate and better handle possible sources of conflict between stakeholders and find optimal solutions to trade-offs.
• How do we want to answer this question?
Through a participatory approach where workshops will be used to identify stakeholders' interests, ES use, and trade-offs/synergies among these.
How can you participate?...
- From your local knowledge on:
→ General perceptions and views on farmland and coastal interactions.
→ Most relevant stakeholders and how to reach them (i.e. farmers or their representatives).
→ Net zero+ measures that are being implemented in the catchment.
https://forms.office.com/e/4SSjjxp6c5
Keila Guillen Oñate
Thanks!
Sea and Society – PML kgu@pml.ac.uk
References
Cottrell, R. S., Fleming, A., Fulton, E. A., Nash, K. L., Watson, R. A., & Blanchard, J. L. (2018). Considering land–sea interactions and trade-offs for food and biodiversity. In Global Change Biology (Vol. 24, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13873
Haines-Young, R., & Potschin, M. (2010). The links between biodiversity, ecosystem services and human well-being. Ecosystem Ecology: a new synthesis, 1, 110-139.
Rosa-Schleich, J., Loos, J., Mußhoff, O., & Tscharntke, T. (2019). Ecological-economic trade-offs of Diversified Farming Systems – A review. In Ecological Economics (Vol. 160, pp. 251–263). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.03.002
Turkelboom, F., Leone, M., Jacobs, S., Kelemen, E., García-Llorente, M., Baró, F., Termansen, M., Barton, D. N., Berry, P., Stange, E., Thoonen, M., Kalóczkai, Á., Vadineanu, A., Castro, A. J., Czúcz, B., Röckmann, C., Wurbs, D., Odee, D., Preda, E., … Rusch, V. (2018). When we cannot have it all: Ecosystem services trade-offs in the context of spatial planning. Ecosystem Services, 29, 566–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.10.011
Vallet, A., Locatelli, B., Levrel, H., Wunder, S., Seppelt, R., Scholes, R. J., & Oszwald, J. (2018). Relationships Between Ecosystem Services: Comparing Methods for Assessing Tradeoffs and Synergies. Ecological Economics, 150, 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.04.002