Design for Social Impact Process Summary by KevinMSchneider

Design for Social Impact

Process Summary Kevin Schneider

Project Introduction Discover Initial Research KWHL Table Opioidâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;NaĂŻve Specific Research 5E Model

Interpret Research Poster Research Personas

Ideate Moving Forward Graphic Organizers

Experiment Concept Development Design Development Digital Development

Final Deliverable

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Project Introduction How can we use design to create possible solutions for or preventive measures to combat the opioid epidemic?

Opioid use is on the rise. Years of overprescribing pain medication has lead to increasing illegal use of opioids, addiction, and death from drug overdose. The problem has become so severe that this past October President Trump declared the opioid epidemic a public health emergency. Faced with the growing increase of opioid addiction and death from opioid overdose, healthcare professionals and administrators are searching for ways to combat the growing opioid epidemic and provide treatment for those already addicted. Working with the Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, we will be designing and testing projects to address this issue. All projects will be created with guidance from Washington University physicians and administration with the goal of creating tangible deliverables for implementation.

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

phase 1

Discover

Initial Research Before generating ideas or possible projects to address the opioid epidemic, it was important to conduct extensive research to help us better understand the problem. We began the research process with secondary research— looking at online resources, journals, books, and articles to broadly get a better sense of the opioid epidemic.

KWHL Table After having conducted this initial research, each of us organized our findings into a KWHL table. A KWHL table is a tool that structures research into four categories: Know—what we already know about the topic we are researching, What—what we want to know about the topic, How—how we will go about gathering information (what resources we will use), and Learn— what we learn from our research. Organizing our initial research on the opioid epidemic into a KWHL table helped us to dispel some of our preconceived notions, focus on what we didn’t have a clear understanding of, and identify the next steps of the research process. A key insight from my own initial KWHL table was that I had looked primarily at online news sources. Keeping this in mind, I looked to a broader range of resources for the rest of my research. After creating our KWHL tables we came together as a

class and shared our research. We then took what we learned from our KWHL tables and continued researching to account for and fill in the gaps in our initial research. While continuing our research, we began meeting with WashU healthcare professionals to get a better understanding of what this epidemic looks like from the perspective of doctors and healthcare professionals. Alongside this general research we also began visual research to understand the visual language and messaging of existing media addressing the opioid epidemic or similar anti—drug campaigns. We also took a look at how other designers have tackled similar challenges to gather initial inspiration for possible projects.

Left/Above: Photos from in—class exercises of sharing research and organizing findings into KWHL tables Next Page: KWHL Table

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Opioids are highly addictive

Online research Reputable sources ONLY Online medical journals Published medical studies

Opioid addictions are currently are rampant problem in the US is so bad that President Trump declared a public health emergency Opioid addictions disproportionately effect economically disadvantaged communities

Primary interviewers with: Physicians Individual effected by opioid addiction

Opioids or Narcotics are painkillers Opioids have positive health applications A lot of people end up trapped in an opioid addiction not from abuse but from lack of understanding

Sitting in on educational classes or programs (or just looking at what materials exist) on opioids Physical medical journals or reputable research on opioids Create a survey to see how much the average person knows about opioids Reading (reputable) news sources (both local and national)

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Who is most affected by opioid addictions

HOPE TO LEARN: How might we prevent an increase in the number of opioid addictions?

What are specific effects (both to a person’s health and financial situation) ofan opioid addiction What education programs exist to teach people about opioids and if some exist what do they currently look like What current legislature deals with the opioid epidemic? What are the political implications of the opioid crisis?

How might we help individuals addicted to opioids (both with consideration to health and financial situation)? What are current problems in the education system? Are they working? Comprehensive general understanding of opioids and the medicinal uses Effect of an opioid addiction on a person’s health, finances, and life in general. WHAT I LEARNED: Regular use of opioids, even when prescribed by a doctor can lead to dependence and addiction (National Institute on Drug Abuse)Everyday more than 90 Americans die after overdosing on opioid (NIDA) The opioid epidemic started when physicians began prescribing opioids at greater rates in the 1990s. (NIDA) Recovery from Opioid addictions is becoming more accessible due to new medications that curb the symptoms of detox. (New York Times) Victims of Opioid addictions tend to be more male than female and white than black (NYT) In 2016 Main passed a state law curbing the amount of opioids that a patient could be prescribed which has successfully combated the opioid epidemic but that has been met with criticism from doctors for interfering in medicine. Addiction prevention relays largely on doctor and patient education on the dangers of opioid, this education does not seem to be formalized or structured at any level.(NIDA) President Trumps declaration that this is a national emergency should allow states to access emergency funding (NYT) The proposed new GOP health care bill would cut funding for Medicaid which helps fund opioid treatment facilities and for many patients, if treatment isn’t funded they can not get it.

Opioid—Naïve Specific Research In order to get more specific information on topics within the opioid epidemic, we divided our class up into groups tasked with researching one of four different areas: opioid—naïve use, opioid— dependent use, pediatric use, and acute need. The goal of dividing up the larger project into smaller parts was to allow each group to take a deep dive into their respective topic and then bring that back to the full group to paint a picture of the full situation. I was a part of the group that researched opioid—naïve use— use of opioids by someone who was not using opioid prior to their current prescription. I started my research broadly— beginning with definitions of opioid—naïve patients and moving to more specific information

from there. Finding information for opioid—naïve opioid use proved to be more difficult than anticipated so along with the secondary research I conducted some of my own primary research. I talked with my brother, an opioid—naïve patient who had recently received an opioid prescription; my sister, a nurse who has worked in an oncology clinic often with opioid—naïve patients; and my mother, who suffers from chronic pain but does manage it with an opioid. Talking with these people helped to illuminate the experience of opioid—naïve patients and the different ways that they might encounter opioids. To organize this research, my partner and I created another KWHL chart to help guide our subsequent research. The information form the KWHL table was then shared with the rest of the class.

Right: 5E model following opioid—naive patients experience with opioids

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

5e Model Along with general research, my partner and I created a 5e model for Opioid— Naïve patients. A 5e model is a table that tracks an experience through five basic stage— entice, enter, engage, exit, and extend— to shed light on the interactions, object, people, and other elements involved. For our purposes, we used the 5e model to track an opioid—naïve patients experience following them from their initial prescription through to the

entice objects

environments interactions

services

messages

time

enter

end of their opioid use. The table helped to highlight the different ways opioid— naïve patients encounter opioids and what resources they lean on to learn about them and use them properly. This helped to illuminate possible moments within the experience for projects to prevent misuse of opioids. This model was also shared with the rest of the class so that we had the experiences of all of our subgroups mapped.

engage

exit

extend

Opiods themselves

Prescription, informational materials on procedure you’re about to undergo; materials about drugs; pill bottle itself/ packaging info on bottle

physical drugs, physical materials they give you with that (educational materials, directions, pill bottles/their directions) any materials for post-op healing (any other drugs, bandages, etc), additional prescriptions for future refills

lack of a refill? Maybe you have some left but you stop taking them

leftover medication that you don’t throw away, prescription that you didn’t fill/or did and didn’t need, prescription that you do need (for longterm patients)

At the doctors office/pre appointments

doctors office, pharmacy, home (once you’re given the drugs, you’re on your own.

home, hospital recovery, treatment centers: mostly on your own for taking these drugs

“

before a procedure, interact with doctor that could prescribe medication to you; prior to procedure, doing own research on what they’re about to experience

doctor prescribing to it, talking to pharmacist when you get it filled, maybe lecture from doctor or nurses about these drugs, other patients in office,

potentially with nurses (post-op), interacting with family/friends who are helping take care of you at home, mostly by yourself, managing yourself

follow up with your doctor for post-op check or decide if you need refill or not

need nother procedure/ interacting with doctors again- maybe they’re recommending you take this medication longterm (no longer naïve)

Enticed by the service the medication provides for you in reducing/stopping your pain; visits to the doctor, engaging with people during those visits

Filling prescription at pharmacy, going to doctors office, getting medicine prescribed, getting info from the doctor; pre-op prep.

Medication reducing your pain/ actually working; other care for recovery, family members helping you

follow up with doctor, if you need it, follow up on being weened off of them versus naturally transitioning off them; maybe transitioning to other medications to manage your pain (tylenol, etc)

taking opiods because you’re addicted, even when you don’t need them for pain, when you run out of a prescription, turning to other sources to get these meds; takign them recreationally because you have some left, selling leftovers to other people; taking extra because you don’t know when/how to stop (lack of education); needing procedures to stop becoming addicted.

Stories/news/you’ve been told these medications will benefit you

whether or not the doctor/nurse tells you about drug (how to take it, dosage, when to take it, what it does to your body? Anecdotes from other patients about procedures or medication

—

doctors recommendation to stop taking medications, instructions on how to ween off medications, instructions on why you shouldn’t take them again/ dispose of them

“ doctors may need to help you reverse your addiction to these drugs

During meeting with doctors/ nurses, just before surgeries, etc; before/during prescription process

After surgeries, post- doctor visits, once presecribed and picked up, you’re on your own in terms of managing medication

after you’re healed, doctors recommendation to stop taking medications

“/longterm future

Before you get drug prescribed, maybe before you need to go to doctor/ after you have accident/ illness and need to be prescribed

poems/persons situations users

doctors, other pa

Cancer, ing this conditio Patient

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

phase 2

Interpret

Research Poster Having collected a significant amount of information on the opioid epidemic, as a class we wanted to take a moment to pause and organize that research.To do this, we had each person in the class create a research poster curating research from the subtopic we had worked on. For my own research, I wanted to focus on opioid—naïve patients who become opioid—dependent. The vast majority of opioid—naïve patients use their prescription for a short time frame without any problem; however, some misuse their prescription or become dependent on it thereby adding to the growing opioid epidemic. I thought that presenting characteristics that made opioid—naïve patients more likely to become opioid— dependent would begin to highlight possible ways to prevent that. I ended up pulling information from two medical studies that I had looked at during my

research, both of which followed opioid— naïve patients who received a short—term prescription to manage pain following a medical procedure. The combined studies identified characteristics that made patients more likely to use their prescription for longer than intended. I wanted to take this information and make an infographic poster that identified the characteristics that put patients at risk of becoming opioid— dependent. Once we had set the content for our research posters we began to work on their visual design. We spent the following few classes working on the design of our research posters culminating in a day where we presented our final posters to the rest of our class and some healthcare professionals and advocates for opioid addiction care and recovery.

Right: Initial concept sketches for research poster

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Initial iterations highlighted demographic information about the research studies presentd

Original concepts for a section detailing traits that make patients likely to misues opioids. This section, devlopled into the focus for the poster as it seemed to be the most useful information

Above: Initilal iterations of research poster design. Posters arranged chronologically in order they were designed. Right: Further digital develooment of poster design and color exploration

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

The poster highlights traits that make a patient more likely to misuse their opioid prescription

The goal of this poster is to help doctors identify patients that are at risk of developing an opioid dependency so that they can adjust their prescriptions and treatments accordingly

Infographic approach displays information in a fun, engagin way.

Left: Final poster design presented to class and Medical School partners

Personas Following our research presentations we began to shift our focus and move away from research and to begin to think about solutions. To do this effectively, we first created personas. Personas are fictional profiles created from research to identify types of people who are involved in a given experience. For our purposes, we created personas of the people involved in the system of opioid use. For each persona we created a How, Think, Do, Use table to identify HOW that persona is receiving information on opioids, what each persona THINKs about opioids or the information they receive on opioids, what that persona Does with the information they receive, and what each persona currently USEs. For my group, which focused on opioid—naïve patients again, we created six initial personas consisting of four different potential opioid—naïve patients and two healthcare professionals. After talking with the rest of the class we realized that our personas were too vague and needed to be more clearly based in our research. To amend this problem, we

narrowed our focus down to two personas instead of six: looking at one opioid— naïve patient and one healthcare professional. We then created new more specific personas and How, Think, Do, Use tables to better understand the personas that we had left and to inform some initial solution brainstorming.

Right: Sample of Persona charts Below: Chart of initial notes for our personas

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

KATE ONCOLOGY NURSE

Kate is a young oncology nurse who has a good deal of experience administering opioids and educating patients on their prescription. She is the middleman between the patient and the doctor.

HOW

THINK

USE

Kate receives info about opioids from her employer and from supplemental nurses’ training that she goes through each year. She also would likely receive information from the doctors and nurses that she works with. Kate would also get information about opioids from pop culture and news.

As a health professional Kate is well informed on opioids and so understand their uses and their risks. She trusts the information that she receives from her training and fellow doctors much more than what she sees in pop culture.

Kate uses the information that she has to not only make sure that she is administering opioids correctly, but also that she is making it clear to patients what the risks and benefits are of using opioids. Her knowledge also allows her to double check with the doctor is doing to make sure that they aren’t making any mistakes or prescribing opioids too liberally.

Does not use any opioids, as she’s managing the pain on the other end of things.

ANALYSIS The best way to get information to Kate is through training and educational materials for nurses at her employer. Kate respects the information that she receives there and running those programs through the hospital ensure that the information is standardized for all nurses.

OPIOID-NAÏVE PERSONAS Kevin Schneider and Olivia Alchek

JAMES

FIST TIME OPIOID-NAÏVE PATIENT

James is a high school student who is a part of a financially sound family. James receives an opioid prescription for a planned procedure, like getting his wisdom teeth or tonsils removed, and his prescription and procedure are covered by health insurance. James has never taken an opioid before and thinks his prescription for Vicodin is “cool.”

HOW

THINK

USE

James receives information about opioids from his doctor,and the pharmacist who fills the prescription for him. James is also likely to get information from his parents who would likely have more experience with opioids and might be concerned about their son using the medication. James would learn some information about opioids from his friends or classmates at school though that is likely less factual and more sensational. James is also receiving information from popular culture.

James’ parents have constantly told him how dangerous opioids are, so he definitely has reservations about taking them. That being said, the information that James gets from pop culture or his friends makes him think that having a opioid prescription is cool. James disregards some of the information that his parents and doctors gives him. He is more intrigued by the information from his friends.

It is likely that James will follow the advice and suggestions of his parents, considering he will most likely be recovering from his procedure in his parents’ house. The information that he receives from his friends leaves a bigger impression on him and is part of what makes him think that his prescription is “cool.” This information is what might make James tempted to misuse his prescription by taking more than he should or trying to sell them to someone else.

James potentially uses prescription opioids for pain relief, but could also avoid using prescription and opt for alternative options instead.

OPIOID-NAÏVE PERSONAS Kevin Schneider and Olivia Alchek

ANALYSIS The best way to get information to James is to give it his parents, who will likely monitor his opioid use, or to somehow dispel information through some media platform as engaging as element of pop culture like music or television.

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

phase 3

Ideate

Moving Forward We are still in the process of finalizing our personas and are currently working to generate some initial ideas for possible projects and solutions to the problem posed at the beginning of this project. We are also starting to break away form the groups that we used to structure our research and to come back together as a class to generate ideas. I am specifically looking more closely at one of our personas, the oncology nurse Kate, to begin thinking of possible solutions. Kate is a persona informed by the part of my initial research that focused on patients who use opioids to manage pain during treatment for cancer. Within that oncology healthcare system chemotherapy nurses, like Kate, serve a unique role working one—on—one with their patients for long periods of time serving as an

educational resource and safety net ensuring that their patients are well cared for and using their prescriptions appropriately in the hospital. I wanted to focus on Kate and the relationship she has with her patients to see if there were any ways to improve communication between Kate and her patients to as a way to ensure that patients are not misusing their opioid prescriptions whether in or out of the hospital. Some initial ideas included special educational training for nurses, educational materials for nurses to give to patients, a digital platform that assumes the middle—man role and connects doctors and patients, and an educational interface for nurses to show opioid—naïve patients.

Right: Photos of our class organizing information and generating ideas

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Graphic Organizers To better get a sense of what solutions would work best for Kate and her patients I wanted to map the different people that Kate is regularly communicating with when working. To do so I created an ecosystem diagram, a diagram that maps out the factors in a selected system, to track Kate’s communication with those around her. The diagram highlighted the primary communication that Kate has with the patients and doctors that she worked with as well as tracked the secondary communication Kate is having with other healthcare professionals. The diagram went through several rounds of edits and ultimately was edited to include the different objects or materials that Kate interacts with as well This diagram also helped me to situate my potential solutions within the Kate’s environment. Along with this diagram I created a Research Logic Model which is another graphic organizer that helps to outline potential

research exercises or methods and their purpose and impact on a given project. For my project, I used the Research Logic Model as a way to identify different people within Kate’s ecosystem that I would want to talk to to help inform my project. Organizing my research in these models helped me to narrow down my focus for this project and look specifically at the communication between Kate and her patients to see how that could be improved. Bearing this in mind, I began to generate more ideas and iterate on some of my initial concepts. I created hand— drawn sketches that explored concepts like educational pamplets/posters and digital communication platforms for Kate and her patients. These sketches helped me process my ideas and focus in on creating a digital communication platform.

Right Top: My ecosystem diagram for the Kate persona Right Bottom: My research logic model

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Ecosystem Diagram for Kate Persona

First Level Communication: Regular Communication

Second Level Communication: Frequent Communication

Third Level Communication: Infrequent Communication Possible Opportunities for Solutions

Oncologist

Specialty Doctors: Surgeons/Radiologists, etc.

Materials Used During Communication

Patient medical records and charts.

Educational Materials

Patient treatment plans

Physical prescriptions/ medication

Patient chart?

Actions During Communication

Kate: Oncology Nurse

Receiving prescriptions from doctors

Communicating patients questions or concernss

1. Educational materials or interface to help Kate communicate with patients.

3. Create an interface for nurses to ask questions or communicatepatient concerns.

2. Create an interface that allows patients to more easily ask questions and communicate with nurses.

4. Create an interface that allows patients to “check in” with their nurses remotely so that they can be in constant contact with their healthcare providers even when they are not in the hospital.

Chemotherapy Nurse

Purpose

Oncologist

Thus-far I have only gotten the point of view of a Chemotherapy nurse so I want to talk with an Oncologist to get their perspective.

Gain a better understanding of the role that a Chemotherapy nurse play in educating patients.

I want to learn more about how oncologists communicate with nurses/patients.

Ask specifically about educational materials available for nurses. Ask specifically about how nurses educate patients. Ask specifically about nurse-doctor and nurse-patient relationships.

Face-to face daily interactions

Chemotherapy Patent

General Nurses

General Doctors

Learn more about how patients learn about their treatment and how confident they are in their understanding of their opioid prescription

Learn more about what level of communication or contact general nurses have with their patients.

Learn more about what level of communication or contact general doctors have with their patients.

Talk to Oncologist over the phone or in person.

Talk with patients either in person or over the phone.

Talk with nurses either in person or over the phone.

Talk with doctors either in person or over the phone.

Ask them specifically about what role they see Oncology nurses play in the healthcare system.

Ask them specifically about how much information they received about their opioid prescription.

Ask the nurses specifically about how they communicate their patients/educate them on their prescriptions.

Ask specifically about what role the doctors play in educating patients about their prescriptions.

Ask them specifically about how they communicate with patients/nurses.

Ask about who confident they are in their understanding of their prescription.

Ask specifically about what kind of educational materials exist specifically for opioid prescriptions.

Ask specifically about how the educate their patients about their treatment.

Ask specifically about who they would go to ask question or find more information about their treatment or prescriptions.

Ask for clarification on the doctor-patient-nurse communication chain.

Ask specifically how available doctors are to answer patient questions/concerns.

Ask specifically about their relationship with their nurses and doctors.

Identify shortcomings in doctor-patient communication to highlight problem areas to address.

Identify possible communication methods/platforms that patients would find helpful.

Learn more about the value of the Chemotherapy nurse’s role in treatment and how that might be replicated elsewhere.

Gain a better understanding of how doctors communicate with and educate their nurses and patients.

Understand how patients gather information about their treatments and how thorough that information is.

Get a sense of what communication methods doctors might find helpful to stay connected with patients.

Identify communication methods that are working that could be enhanced or replicated in my project.

Identify key characteristics that would be important to include in my project to create an effective communication link between patients and doctors.

Ideally, I would like my project to be useful in all situations where opioids are in use so I want to talk to general doctors to get a better understanding of how my project might be relevant for them.

Get a better understanding of what is working well in the patient-education process and what is not.

Gain a better understanding of the patient-nurse and nurse-doctor relationships.

Explaining prescriptions or treatments (like weaning off of opioids)

Ideally, I would like my project to be useful in all situations where opioids are in use so I want to talk to general nurses to get a better understanding of how my project might be relevant for them.

Ask specifically about how they stay connected with patients.

Outcome (Projected)

Patient 2

Because patients using opioids are the potential users for my project it is important that I have a full understanding of their experience in the healthcare system.

Understand what educational materials already exist for nurses to give to clients.

Action/Activity

Answering patient questions

Checkin in on patient’s pain levels and making sure treatment plan is sufficient

Thus-far I have only talked to my sister, a former Chemotherapy nurse. I want to talk with other Chemotherapy nurses to get a more diverse points of view

Talk with nurses (either over the phone or in person) and ask them broadly about their experience working as a chemotherapy nurse.

Actions During Communication

Administering medications

Double checking doctor’s orders

Possible Solutions:

Ask specifically about doctor-nurse communication.

Identify ways in which the regular communication model in a Chemotherapy clinic might be replicated in some way in general doctors offices.

Identify ways in which general nurses could benefit from streamlined or restructured communication.

Identify shortcomings in doctor-patient communication that could be addressed by my project.

Learn more about what educational materials exists to pull content.

Identify things that are working and ways to replicate them in my project.

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

phase 4

Exploration

Concept Development Once I settled on a specific idea I experimented to figure out exactly what that platform would look like. This involved research as I began to gather content for my project. The initial idea was to create a tool for communication for Kate and her patients; however, after doing some research I realized that creating a platform for Kate and her patients would be more difficult than I intended. This helped to shift my focus away from making an explicit platform for communication and more towards creating something that would facilitate the inâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;person communication that Kate has with her patients inside the chemotherapy clinic. In my research for content one of the things that was stressed again and again was the importance of patients accurately communicating their pain to their healthcare providers as a means of ensuring that they are receiving sufficient pain medication. Many of the resources suggested that cancer patients keep a pain journal so that they can track their pain and share it with their doctors when they meet with them in person. This, then, ensures that patents do not end up misusing their opioid prescription to compensate for insufficient pain treatment. With this in mind, I decided to create a mobile app that would help patients track their pain when they are

not in the hospital and would help them communicate that pain with their healthcare professionals.

Design Development To begin designing this app I started by looking at other healthâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;tracker apps to see what was working and what was not for other apps. In my research I noticed that apps that only tracked something where not as popular as those that had extra components or resources. I wanted, then, to include in my own app resources like a log of the patients medications, palliative care resources, and a frequently asked question section that would make the app more than just a journal and more of a resource. I also thought including those components would help give the app a purpose in the hospital as an education tool that Kate can use with her patients to walk through their medications or other information. Right Top: Initial concept sketches

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

While ironing out this content I was fortunate enough to talk with my mom, who suffers from chronic pain and had tired different formats to track her pain. She told me that she would often simply

forget to track her pain. This inspired a notification feature that would give patients regular notification to track t heir pain.

Digital Development Once I had the content ironed out I the began to wireâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;frame the app to figure out exactly what I wanted included and what the interface would begin to look like. I also began to create some digital sketches of what the app and interface would look like. One I had ironed out the content and general wireframe I then began to develop the app digitally. This process included several different iterations and rounds of user testing to inform the interface.

Below: Intial wireframe sketches Right: Initial digital sketches of app icon and branding

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Developments of illustrations as a part of the app. Above/Right: Digital color studies Right: Initial digital sketches of app icon and branding

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Initial gradient concept developed in the final app.

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

phase 5

Final Deliverable

Track Your Pain The final app, called Track Your Pain, is a pain journaling app aimed to facilitate communication between a patient with chronic pain and their healthcare providers. The app allows patients to keep a log of their pain to help them communicate their pain to their doctors to ensure that they are receiving adequate treatment to manage their pain. The app also features resources like a medication log and frequently asked question page to help patients manage their pain outside of the hospital. These resources can also help the app serve as an educational tool inside the hospital that doctors and nurses can use to go over medications and resources with their patients.

This app will help address the opioid epidemic by helping patients manage their chronic pain outside of the hospital to help patients avoid misusing their opioid prescription. Ideally the app would also facilitate patientâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;doctor communication to help make sure that patients have a clear understanding of their opioid prescriptions and that they know how to manage treat their pain when they do not have doctors and nurses around them.

Right: Track My Pain home page

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Data Entry

Home Screen

Locate Your Pain

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Rate Your Pain

Full Data Entry

Resources

Medication Log

Data Log

Design for Social Impact | Process Summary

Notifications

TRACK YOUR PAIN

now

How is your pain today? Dont forget to log your pain.

TRACK YOUR PAIN

now

How is your pain today? Dont forget to log your pain.

Submit Dismiss

General Notification

Rating Pain in Notification

Thanks!