37: ON REPEAT

EDITORS’ NOTE

I’m so happy to see this edition finally in print. For those who don’t know, RAZZ used to be in A4 but the shift to A5 was a more recent decision which was partially to save money on printing costs. Having generously received funding from the Alumni fund for this edition, we could provide more opportunities for our writers and have more free reign with the design without being restricted as much by space and budget. It’s certainly been a challenge to adapt our style to the larger page but with all the hard work that’s gone into this edition, I couldn’t be happier with the results. This has been a labour of love for me, especially as the main thing I set out to do when I ran for Print Editor & President so despite it looking a little bleak as print prices were soaring, I’m so grateful we were given the opportunity to actually make it happen.

We chose the theme (ON) REPEAT as an opportunity to get our writers thinking about the things they really loved, so much they would watch/read/listen over and over again. With this sense of nostalgia coming in, we also chose to include some cut-out posters in this edition, making the most of the A4 format. Having seen them already, I know I’ll be featuring them on my wall as soon as I get my hands on this copy.

Thanks as always to the design team, particularly Bethan for her dedication to the role despite all her deadlines, as well as our two assistant creative directors, Jessie and Maia, who have worked really well on their first edition as members of the committee. Well done to our editors, Chloé, Faith and Natasha, we couldn’t haven’t completed this project without your contributions and a huge thank you to our writers and readers for supporting the magazine. I hope all of you are super proud of what you’ve achieved and enjoy reading!

Kat Green, Print Editor/Co-President

Well done, everybody. This edition is stunning; from the drawings and photographs to the writing and everything in between. (ON) REPEAT is art!

Thank you to everyone who has been involved with the crafting of this edition and put in so much hard work despite deadlines and other commitments. A special shout out to our presidents Kat and Ana for their openness and enthusiasm for RAZZ. Lots of love to our online team who work tirelessly to keep us up to date on everything Arts, Culture and Lifestyle (a big task!).

Seeing the sheer amount of creative talent in each and every edition never gets old. Reading RAZZ always makes me think, makes me smile, and makes me grateful to be a part of this team.

Chloé Jarrett-Bell, Deputy Print Editor

When I first heard the theme of this edition was going to be (ON) REPEAT, I was super excited about incorporating this into the design aspect of the edition. As always, I have especially enjoyed using the amazing articles to inspire me with ideas for their design, as I believe this is integral to the cohesion and overall success of the edition.

I am extremely excited to share this edition considering it features the amazing work of my two Assistant Creative Directors, Jessie and Maia, who have each taken on a number of the pages. I cannot express how beneficial their help has been to the overall design of the magazine, and to me personally, helping lighten my workload alongside a looming dissertation deadline, so for that I am very grateful. This edition also features some beautiful art contributions from our members, including Bella Judd, who designed the front cover, and Dharma Austin, whose photoshoot is featured. This level of involvement and contribution from our members is a core part of RAZZ and I love getting to incorporate all the work produced.

I must give big thank you’s to the Print Team for being so efficient and especially Kat, for always being a point of call. Having this as the first A4 edition I’ve designed posed a new challenge, but this is an edition that I am extremely proud of and I cannot wait to see (ON) REPEAT around Exeter campus!

Bethan

Oakley, Creative Director

CONTRIBUTORS

Lilian Smith

Megan Thomas

Annabel Jeffery

Tias Donaldson

Faith Dale-Hughes

Manon Martini

Ally Mannix

Daisy White

Shrika Ajit Palakaden

Rebecca Graham

Isadora Spencer

Sanjana Zunjur

Alice Coe

Alice Frearson

Madeline Cooper

Daisy Leason

Katherine Ostroke

Nina Harris

Mia McChesney

Clara Barton

Chloé Jarrett-Bell

Georgia Balmer

Lisette Reed

Kat Green

Natasha Matsaert

Niamh Kemp

Imogen Shackleton

Grace Dunford-Elliott

Scarlet Parfitt

Lucy Jarvis-Chase

Sylvia Hanlon

Maya Fernandes

Indigo Maynard Watts

Amy Clarke

Alanah Swift

Swarnim Agrawal

Agata Koralewska

Sara Silvester

Coco Cottrell

Jessie Fairclough

Bella Judd

Dharma Austin

Maia McGill

repeated phrases people of colour hear 26-29

queerbaiting 30-31

repeated phrases heard by animal activists 32-33 _______________ CREATIVE WRITING

retelling of a classic story 34

poetry 35-36 ___________________ MUSIC

intro: new vs old music 38

playlist 39

album review 40-41

PHOTOSHOOT: STOP LOOKING UNDER THERE 42-45

repeated events 46-47

local slang 48

POSTERS 49-50

QUIZ 51

“After years of inter-continentality hostility, this is an opportunity to give power to all our friends in Europe and show strength within our unity.”

Every May, the continent prepares for the ultimate show of charisma, character, and camp: Eurovision. This year, although it seemed this day would never come, the UK is hosting in place of 2022 winners Ukraine. In light of this I will be trying to get as many UK Eurovision entries song titles as possible into this introduction. I can try. Liverpool will be flying the flag with the choice being made to try and increase northern representation in the media. After years of inter-continentality hostility, this is an opportunity to give power to all our friends in Europe and

show strength within our unity. While the rest of Europe are making their minds up about who will make it through the semi-finals, we can only sit and wait to find out how the UK will do on home soil. Maybe we can do (ooh ahh…) just a little bit better than past times. Okay last one I promise, five song titles in one paragraph is sufficient. Before 2023, we must look back at Eurovisions of the past.

On the 24 May 1956, the first ever Eurovision Song Contest was held. It had two main purposes: firstly, it showed cross-border cooperation between European countries in a post-World War Two society. Secondly, it was conceived by Swiss journalist Marcel Bezençon to test the limits of live television broadcast technology.

EU R OVISION INTERESTING TIMES

RAZZ Writer Lilian Smith discusses the history of Eurovision in light of the upcoming 2023 competition being held in Liverpool.

Only seven countries competed in 1956: in fact, the United Kingdom did not compete till the year after. Initially, each country could sing two songs, accompanied by an orchestra and with a severe lack of pyrotechnics. Switzerland was the first ever winner, with the country not winning again until 1988. It was first called the “Eurovision Song Contest Grand Prix,” but the Grand Prix was dropped in 1968 marking the birth of the name we all know and love. Since 1956, there have been over 1,500 entries into the contest and 52 countries competing. As ABBA say in their winning song ‘Waterloo,’ we “couldn’t escape if (we) wanted to.”

It is hard to narrow down the most iconic Eurovision moments. There have been many performances that show pure talent. For example, the 2009 Norwegian winner Rybak, who managed to sing and play the violin (he has made six appearances on the show since his win making him a true Eurovision hero). There have been plenty of celebrity acts that bring star power and showbiz to the stage, including the Canadian singer Celine Dion who represented Switzerland (an obvious choice). Most importantly, there are moments that make Eurovision what it is today; from success to Verka Serduchka dressing up as a disco ball and managing to sell six hundred thousand records. Speaking of big sellers, some Eurovision songs have gone on to become extremely successful. 2019 winner Duncan Lawrence’s song ‘Arcade’ has over 450 million streams. The 1996 entry for the United Kingdom was nominated for a Grammy after only placing eighth in the contest. If all these musical successes are not satisfying enough, there is always the knowledge that the 1970 Irish winner, Dana, went on the serve as the Irish president, to show us that Eurovision is the home of triumph.

“Although Eurovision is meant to be a show of unity, an apolitical showcase of music and fun, it is anything

Although Eurovision is meant to be a show of unity, an apolitical showcase of music and fun, it is anything but. In fact, the Eurovision stage has turned into a political playground multiple times despite Rule 2.6 “no participant should...use [the show] for political ends”. The Ukraine/ Russia conflict will be in the forefront of everyone’s minds this year, but Eurovision has a longer history of politics on stage than you might think. In 2009, Georgia’s entry was denied due to a mention of Vladimir Putin, and in 2015 Armenia had to modify a reference to the 1915 genocide in their song. Furthermore, to the outrage of Russian officials, Ukraine’s previous win in 2016 was confirmed by the singer as a criticism of Russian annexation in 2014. Due to the current conflict, Russia was officially banned from competing in May last year. A year has passed since Ukraine won and we all wished the situation in Ukraine would have changed by now. Nevertheless, both sides

have viewed this Eurovision as a chance for Europe to recognise Ukrainian culture and people as valuable and not merely conflict-ridden.

“Still, this year feels special. A buzz has been created around Eurovision once again through Ryder’s popularity and our role in hosting. Perhaps, the nation can be content with regaining our love for Eurovision rather than regaining the trophy.”

The question on the mind of our nation is: how does the politics of Eurovision affect the UK’s chances of winning? If we look back at our track record, we could try to make a prediction. In 1997, with notorious Europhile Tony Blair in charge, we held the trophy for (possibly) the last time. Our fall from grace started in 2003, after the UK’s involvement in the Iraq war. This would be the first time we were awarded the dreaded nil points. This would happen again in the first post-Brexit contest. Who knows if a few hundred more points in 2016 would have changed the Brexit referendum? Unfortunately, by 2022 it was too late to dwell on that. It felt as if our future was set at the bottom of the leaderboard for all time. Now, Sam Ryder has given us hope. Maybe. We are unlikely to get nil points or come last. We probably won’t win. Still, this year feels special. A buzz has been created around Eurovision once again through Ryder’s popularity and our role in hosting. Perhaps, the nation can be content with regaining our love for Eurovision rather than regaining the trophy. We can be proud of ourselves if we win or not (as long as we beat Australia ‘cause that’s embarrassing).

Eurovision may have started as a post-World War Two show of amity between countries, but it has transformed into an international sensation. It has spawned into a successful Junior Eurovision Song Contest, as well as twenty-five other associated contests, including the short-lived Eurovision Dance Contest of 2007 (ultimately won by Poland). It may be the last great show of unity between our continent (plus Australia and Israel). Unfortunately, with the release of the 2020 Netflix film ‘Eurovision Song Contest: The Story of Fire Saga’ and the 2022 American Song Contest, I fear a dark future for the show. A message needs to be sent to the USA: we will not let Eurovision be Americanised. It may be a mess, but it is our mess, and it makes us proud to be part of Europe. Ending on a quote by Terry Wogan: “it’s supposed to be bad. And the worse it is, the more fun it is.”

Ending on a quote by Terry Wogan: “It’ s supposed to be bad. And the worse it is, the more fun it is.”

but.”

Illustration by Coco Cottrell

BAD DAY ≠ BAD LIFE

RAZZ writer Megan Thomas shares their personal experience of mental health struggles alongside tips for maintaining your own mental health.

Over the last few years, life has been tough. Our world has changed in unprecedented ways: COVID-19, war, cost of living crisis. Adulthood is full of new pressures, and it is no surprise that we sometimes need a helping hand.

Maintaining your mental health is just as important as your physical health. You wouldn’t ignore a physical injury, so don’t ignore your mental health. This article intends to give you some simple advice on what steps to take forward based on my own experiences of a mental health crisis.

Disclaimer: I am not a trained medical professional. These tips are taken from my own experiences of therapy, counselling, and medication. My advice should not be taken as a replacement for official medical advice. If you are in a dark place, I urge you to see your doctor. You are never too far from recovery.

“Maintaining your mental health is just as important as your phsyical health. You wouldn’t ignore a physical injury so don’t ignore your mental health.”

1. CHANGE YOUR MINDSET

It might seem obvious at first, but a positive mindset can be the motivation for getting out of bed in the morning. Whilst changing something you’ve been doing for years can be difficult, seeking counselling helped me actively rework how I thought about myself and the world.

Stop making self-deprecating jokes:

Seriously, stop making them. It is detrimental to your mental health to constantly belittle yourself for the sake of laughs. Instead of beating yourself up, big yourself up. The more you say something, the more likely you are to believe it.

Set yourself manageable goals:

Massive goals can be very overwhelming. Split your tasks into manageable, bite-size pieces that are easier to swallow. If you have an essay due, break it down into steps. What do you need to do first?

If you’re having a bad day, set yourself some simple goals: get out of bed, brush your teeth, eat breakfast. Not every day will be the most productive, but every step forward is positive.

Challenge unwanted thoughts:

If you have a recurring negative thought, why not challenge it? Weigh up the facts. How true is it really?

This is a technique commonly used in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) to treat a range of mental health conditions, primarily depression. It takes a bad thought and puts it on trial, turning it logical.

To find more information, search ‘Cedar NHS Talking Therapies’.

2. THERAPY AND COUNSELLING

Despite what you might believe, you do not need to have a diagnosed mental health condition to seek counselling or therapy. Although we are making improvements, the stigma surrounding mental health support is still strong. Remember that every person has mental health, whether it be good or bad. Most people will struggle at one point in their life.

You are not alone.

Therapy and counselling are great places to start, and most people only need a few sessions before they are back on track.

Counselling

Counselling is a talking therapy offered by many uni versities, including Exeter. It gives you an opportunity to work through your issues in an impartial space. The what you are willing to put in. I personally found that counselling was incredibly helpful in getting what was in my head out into the open.

Therapy

There are many different types of therapy available, but the most used for mental health is CBT. CBT seeks to break patterns and cycles of unhelpful thoughts and behaviours. It can help you to change your mind set and make getting through life easier. This is available on the NHS.

3. MEDICATION

If you’ve been feeling low for a while, medication can give you a much-needed boost.

Like many others, the lockdown of March 2020 was the hardest time of my life. As a 16-year-old, my looming A-levels were overwhelming. My uncertainty about the future led me to a dark place.

As a minor, the options for me were limited. I took counselling and was prescribed some anti-panic attack medication. Although they helped, there was nothing that could get me out of the hole I had fallen into. I felt hopeless and afraid that maybe I would never recover.

At first, the idea of starting repeat medication for the unforeseeable future was utterly terrifying. I didn’t want to take socalled ‘happy pills.’ I feared what might happen to me or how they could change me for the worse.

Ultimately, my drive to get better overpowered my fear.

As soon as I turned eighteen, my doctor prescribed me Sertraline, a common type of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhib-

itor (SSRI). In simple terms, the medication is used to elevate your mood through increasing serotonin.

It gave me the boost I needed to pull myself out. Even though it was scary, taking that step forward truly changed my life.

For a while, I was embarrassed to be taking them. I felt like a fraud, almost guilty for feeling better. It took me a while to realise that it didn’t matter what anyone else thought of me or my medication.

“Even though it was scary, taking that step forward truly changed my life.”

According to an article by the BBC (July 2022), the number of people taking antidepressants is rising every year. Between April

and June 2021, 20.5 million antidepressants were prescribed in the UK. It seems like a lot, but I believe the increase is no surprise.

There is nothing to be ashamed of.

I have been taking antidepressants for over a year, but most people only need them for a couple months. When combined with therapy or counselling, the little boost can get you going again.

4. BE KIND TO YOURSELF

Overall, the most important thing I have learned is to be kind to yourself. No matter what has happened in your past, it does not define your future.

A bad day does not mean a bad life. Recovery is not linear.

“No matter what has happened in your past, it does not define your future.”

Sources:

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-62094744

https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/prescribed-medicines-review-report/prescribed-medicines-review-summary

https://www.nhsbsa.nhs.uk/statistical-collections/medicines-used-mental-health-england/medicines-used-mental-health-england-quarterly-summary-statistics-april-june-2021

https://www.exeter.ac.uk/students/wellbeing/resources-and-services/counselling/

https://cedar.exeter.ac.uk/resources/iaptinterventions/

https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/mental-health-services/

Illustrations by Bethan Oakley

TRADITIONAL CEREMONIES:

RAZZ writer Annabel Jeffery shares her opinons on how we can think about traditional ceremonies in new ways.

I unashamedly love a good wedding: the flowers, the speeches, the dancing, and there’s nothing quite like seeing your wine-drunk Great Aunt Margaret hit the dancefloor as soon as ABBA’s Dancing Queen comes on. It is clear, however, that traditional ceremonies such as these are becoming outdated; many more people today choose to get married outside of the conventional church ceremony, or in the case of homosexual couples, aren’t able to get married in the church in the first place. Moreover, many recognise marriage as too conventionalised and unnecessary, instead choosing not to marry.

‘I unashamedly love a good wedding: the flowers, the speeches, the dancing, and there’s nothing quite like seeing your wine-drunk Great Aunt Margaret hit the dancefloor as soon as ABBA’s Dancing Queen comes on.’

The ways in which people commemorate the life of a loved one are changing too; wearing black and handing out lilies are no longer rites of passage at funerals. Of course, people can choose whatever works for them, and there is no right or wrong option. Nevertheless, it can be interesting to look at the ways that people can honour their love, whether it is for themselves or a loved one, in revamping certain traditions within these typical structures.

Gone are the days where women were subordinate to men in wedding ceremonies; whilst many still wear white, it can also be fun to wear other more vibrant colours now the colour no longer hold the same symbolism. For example, I’m thinking of Rachel McAdams’ stunning red dress as she walks herself down the aisle in the rom-com About Time. These small touches, such as wearing a favourite colour or holding your favourite flowers make the day all the more special.

Speaking of being led down the aisle, who says that it has to be a father figure, or anyone at all, ‘giving you away’; at the end of the day, it is an individual choice! Walking in with another close family member, best friend or making an entrance as a couple once again makes the ceremony feel more personalised.

‘These small touches, such as wearing a favourite colour or holding your favourite flowers make the day all the more special.’

Tweaking traditions to align them with a specific story or values make for the best and most memorable occasions Choosing a favourite song to walk down the aisle to, writing your own vows or choosing an alternative guest book (I’ve seen couples ask their guests to sign a guitar as opposed to the traditional book!) let those invited to share the day in on a small part of your life as a couple.

Wedding traditions are also very unique to each culture. In India, the bride will have a ‘mehndi party’ where the group will have intricate mehndi designs applied onto their hands and feet so as to relax them before the wedding ceremony. An added bonus, Indian tradition says after mendhi has been applied, no housework should be completed so long as the stain lasts - a good excuse for your significant other to pick up any of your chores! Perhaps my favourite is a tradition from Cuba: each person who dances with the bride (typically each male, but this can be changed to everyone!) will have to pin cash to her dress. This money is then given to the couple to go towards the ceremony or a honeymoon. There are many wedding traditions around the world that all have deep meaning and we can appreciate these traditions and be inspired by the different ways people celebrate when it comes to planning our own ceremonies.

‘There are many wedding traditions around the world that all have deep meaning and we can appreciate these traditions.’

Funerals are no less a display of love than a wedding, and I think society too often forgets this. In fact, the love shared at both weddings and funerals can often be outshined by practical elements such as what people wear and the order in which the day runs. Of the funerals that I’ve been to, I’ve found the day to be all the more difficult knowing that it is just one day; it seems that after everyone is just expected to wear black, have a laugh and a cry and ‘move on’ as it were. This is not to say that the day itself is unimportant, but perhaps also having a day each year (perhaps the deceased loved one’s birthday) that everyone comes together to share memories and reconnect is a way to keep a loved one’s spirit alive. Watching their favourite film, visiting their favourite places, or eating their favourite foods are small, more joyous ways to commemorate a loved one each year.

‘Funerals are no less a display of love than a wedding, and I think society too often forgets this.’

It goes without saying that wearing black is no longer always necessary; wearing clothing item or accessory of your loved one. is a nice tribute too. My mum owned a lot of jewellery, and after her funeral my dad chose to hand out pictures alongside pieces of jewellery to her friends.

For example, in one of her favourite pictures with her best friend she was wearing a heart necklace, which we the gave to this friend. Equally perhaps handing out some of their favourite books or pressed flowers to close friends and family is a lovely memento for people to use to reflect for many more years to come.

Flowers are hard at funerals: so many people bring them yet they only last for a very short time. Pressing them into a locket or notebook can help to remember the love that so many people had for your loved one. People are getting more creative with the ways they use their loved one’s ashes too; in South Korea for example, there is limited space for burials , and it is common practice for families to press the ashes into colourful beads which they then display in a bottle or urn.

‘Flowers are hard at funerals: so many people bring them yet they only last for a very short time. Pressing them into a locket or notebook can help to remember the love that so many people had for your loved one.’

Altogether, what I see as integral to remember about these ceremonies is that they’re only a day, and whilst they’re none the less special because of this, what matters is the going forward. There is so much pressure to make them ‘perfect’ as it were, when in reality it’s the small personalisations, imperfections or even mis-haps throwing every one unaware that make each day unique and one to remember.

A THING F THE PAST?

The Trendy Way to go

GREEN

RAZZ writer Tais Donaldson shares her top tips for combining fashion and sustainability.

These days many of us are looking for ways to be both fashionable and sustainable, and this is where upcycling comes in. Upcycling is the process of taking old or used clothing and repurposing it into something new. Over recent years this has become an increasingly popular trend for creatively reinventing your wardrobe. Budget-friendly and environmentally conscious, it is a great solution for anyone looking to transform their clothing collection!

Why should we upcycle?

The fashion industry is one of the most polluting industries in the world, responsible for a significant amount of textile waste, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. Upcycling combats these issues by keeping clothes out of landfills and reducing the need for new clothes to be produced. If that alone isn’t convincing, here are some other reasons to try upcycling:

• Environmental Impact: Making new clothes requires a significant amount of energy, water, and other resources, whereas upcycling clothes only requires minimal resources. Additionally, it reduces the amount of waste that ends up in landfills.

• Cost-effective: It’s a cheap way to refresh your wardrobe. Instead of buying new clothes, you can give new life to clothes you already own.

• Creativity: Upcycling clothes is a great way to express your creativity. You can take a plain piece of clothing and turn it into something unique and one-of-a-kind.

• Personalisation: It can be a great way to make your wardrobe stand-out and express your individuality.

• Slow fashion: Upcycling encourages buying fewer, higher-quality clothes that will last longer. It avoids fast fashion clothing, which is often made from low-quality materials and not built to last.

• Promotes sustainable living: You’re making a conscious decision to reduce your environmental footprint and create a more sustainable future.

How to get started

UPCYCLING

• Look at your existing wardrobe with a fresh perspective. Be brutal with the clothes you haven’t worn in a while, and if you don’t want to give it away then think about how you could alter or repurpose it.

• Visit thrift stores, kilo sales, and second-hand shops for great deals on clothes to upcycle.

• Learn basic sewing skills. You don’t need to be a master seamstress but knowing how to sew a few stitches can go a long way. In terms of tools, you don’t need to immediately invest in a sewing machine but picking up a needle and thread from a local craft or charity shop is a good first step.

• Get inspiration from social media, like Pinterest and TikTok, and YouTube online tutorials.

Ways to change up your clothes

• Dyeing: A simple and effective way to change the colour of your clothes. You can use store-bought fabric dyes or natural dyes made from things like avocado skins and onion skins!

• Sewing Design: Adding a unique design to your clothes can give them a whole new look. This can be as simple as adding a patch or applique, or as elaborate as creating a custom embroidery.

• Adding Lace: Lace can add a delicate touch to any outfit and can be added to the sleeves, collar, or hemline of a shirt or dress. Ribbons or bows can also be glued or sewn onto tops for a similar effect.

• Cropping: Cropping can change the entire look of the piece. From cutting the sleeves of a t-shirt into a tank top to making long dresses and skirts shorter, it’s a convenient way to reuse winter clothing in the summer.

• Distressing: Distressing jeans, shorts or denim jackets can give them a vintage, worn-in look. This can be done using sandpaper, a pumice stone or even a cheese grater to create holes, frays, and tears.

• Adding Decorations: Attaching things such as pins, badges, or iron-onpatches can add a fun and playful touch.

Where to get clothes from

• Carboot sales: These typically run on Sundays but can vary to other days of the week, and are an easy way to get clothes for a reasonable price.

• Charity Shops: Charity shops offer a wide selection of affordable secondhand clothing, support a good cause, and typically have unique clothes that you can’t find in regular stores. In addition, nearby retailers will often donate their old stock to nearby charity shops so you could get something you already liked at a cheaper price.

• Organised clothes swaps with a group or friends: Clothing swaps allow individuals to swap items they no longer wear or need for new-to-them clothing. Swapping clothes can be a great way to bond with people and discover new styles that you may not have thought about.

• Vintage shops: Shopping in vintage clothing stores is a great way to find one-of-a-kind pieces that stand out from the crowd. Vintage clothing has history and a level of quality and craftsmanship that can be hard to find in modern clothing. Shopping in vintage clothing shops can also be exciting, as you never know what treasures you might find.

But for those of you in areas that lack any good vintage shops, or who simply enjoy shopping online, there are ways to buy second-hand clothes online.

• Online Thrift Stores: There are several online thrift stores that specialise in selling gently used clothing. Some popular choices include Vinted and Depop. These stores have a wide variety of options and a convenient search function, making it easier to find what you’re looking for.

• Online Consignment Stores: Online consignment stores usually have higher prices, but the clothing is often in better condition and is less likely to be worn out. Popular online consignment stores that feature a lot of designer pieces include Tradesy and Vestiaire Collective.

• Social Media: Facebook has a marketplace where individuals can post clothes they no longer want and are selling. You can browse listings in your area and even negotiate prices with the seller.

• Online Marketplaces: Online marketplaces like eBay also have a wide variety of secondhand clothes available. You can find clothes from individual sellers as well as from resellers.

However, it’s important to be careful when shopping online for secondhand clothes, as there are always risks of buying fake, broken, or counterfeit items. Always check the seller’s feedback and reviews and be sure to ask questions if you have any doubts. With a little research and some caution, you can find amazing deals on unique, high-quality clothing.

In sum, upcycling your clothes not only renovates your wardrobe but also helps the planet. Whilst looking into fashion brands that are committed to sustainable practices is always a good alternative, upcycling offers a budget-friendly way to show off your personal style, making it a win-win for anyone wanting a new look.

Photograph by Tais Donaldson

RESURGENCE

Two RAZZ writers share their opinions on fashion trends that have been making a come back:

CROCHET

by Faith Dale-Hughes

From the age of 6, I had handwork classes at school – knitting, felting and cross-stitch. Honestly, I started crochet to rebel against knitting - the more mainstream medium one of the lot. However, during the first lockdown, it was funny how much crochet was trending online. I came to Uni and started bonding with people over it. It’s a hobby that’s super easy to drop in and out of, as it comes in and out of fashion. Whenever I’ve been ill and felt unproductive, crochet is the perfect thing to do without using too much strength – or even just while watching TV.

Here are some projects I’ve done since Covid’s started:

BRA TOPS

I made the green bra for myself as a quick project for a joke. I will say they are pretty cosy for a trip to an English beach.

TROUSERS

I saved a version of these trousers on Pinterest that I’d wanted to make for ages. I used a few photos of the ones I saw and made a weird diagram of squares on my laptop. This was the most stressful project, especially tailoring the squares to my waist, and I’m scared whenever I wear these outside that I’ll somehow destroy them.

I made this blanket in the first lockdown, over the summer before coming to Uni. Me and my mum would watch a film every night, and every night I’d add a few squares. It’s been really sweet to see people wrapped in it! I’ve still got plans to add a row on one side to make it into a chess board.

In one of the photos of the blanket, you can see the coasters me and my current housemates have been making as something to do while watching Kath and Kim

UGG BOOTS

by Manon Martini

Ugg boots have made a steady comeback over the last few years but with the release of the Classic Ultra Mini braid boot they remain a firm winter essential for anyone with any fashion sense. In a style culture of skin-tight dresses, six-inch heels, and itchy eyelashes the fluffy boots come as a welcome repose for many. The Canadian designed booties have been spotted on the feet of various fashion icons over the past months from Dua Lipa to Kendall Jenner in a firm revival of the y2k trend. 2023 updates for the boots include a cute, braided design, a platform sole and vari ety of mini ankle cuts- all of which makes for an revamped yet cozy, leg-elongating boot. Are they Ugg-ly? Yes. But who cares when you get to walk around in slippers all day? Not me!

OF FASHION TRENDS

Illustration by Manon Martini

Photographs by Faith-Dale Hughes

AFFIRMATIONS

RAZZ writer Ally Mannix discusses the positive effects of affirmations.

Do affirmations really help to change your attitude/outlook on life?

What would you do if I told you that you had the power to completely transform your life, if, every day, you spoke a repeated phrase or series of words to yourself? You’d probably dismiss it as slightly weird and a little too awkward right? Well, I hope this short blurb on affirmations will help to drastically change your mind.

Affirmations are positive statements that have the power to transform your self-esteem and outlook on life. They are an incredibly effective tool that everyone has access to at any moment in time, and really, they require very little effort in comparison to the number of positive changes that you will start to notice in your life once you practice them.

They are most effective through repetition, either out loud, in your head, or in writing. The power of repetition is undeniable. As with anything that you remain consistent with, if you repeat kind, esteem boosting words to yourself, they will help to ease the negative thoughts in your mind, replacing them with more optimistic,uplifting ones. Affirmations can also help you to manifest the life of your dreams (I know this might sound a bit hippie, but it really is the truth), by helping you to reframe your thoughts and beliefs.

Here are some of the things that affirmations have the power to impact in your life:

• They can help to reduce stress and anxiety

• They can boost your confidence and self-belief

• They can reduce your feelings of self-doubt and insecurity

• They can help you to focus on your goals and ambitions

• They can help to ease your depression

One of my favourtie ways to practice affirmations is by writing them down in the mornings, starting with the phrase “I am”, and sometimes re-writing them over and over again to really give myself time to take in their meaning. By

starting with the phrase “I am” you are willing that thought to life by convincing your brain that you already believe it. When you hear such kind, encouraging words spoken to you, or you read them and repeat them in your head, you will eventually start to reprogram any selfdeprecating thoughts, replacing them with positive self-talk. Another really great way to help this is to stick a younger photo of yourself on your mirror and every time you are getting ready and feel yourself commenting negatively on your looks, or anything else, think about how you would feel if you were saying that to a younger you. It’s really heartbreaking at first but it makes you realise that you would never say that to a child, or a friend, so why is it acceptable to speak to yourself in that way?

If you’re still a bit unsure about them take a look at this fascinating study done on plants which suggested that those who were spoken to with kind, encouraging words thrived, whilst those that were yelled at and spoken badly to wilted and drooped in comparison. Whilst potentially to do with the vibrations of the sounds, the overall affect was astounding and demonstrated the power of affirming words. As soon as you start to believe that you are intelligent, confident, beautiful, capable, and the plethora of other incredible human qualities that you possess, you will vibrate at such a high level that you will start to attract similar people and situations into your life.

Affirmations go beyond just making you feel good about yourself, or helping you to accept certain ‘flaws’, they change the fundamental way that you live your life and allow you to truly be grateful for each day that you are living, and for yourself; your body, mind and looks. So, the next time you have a free moment, take some time out of your day to look in the mirror and say “I am”…

‘Affirmations are positive statements that have the power to transform your self-esteem and outlook on life.’

‘Afirmations go beyond just making you feel good about yourself ... they change the fundamental way that you live your life.’

Illustrations by Jessie Fairclough

Artwork by Maia McGill

REPEAT-WORTHY

My ‘On Repeat’ skincare product is the CeraVe Moisturising lotion. If you’re anything like me, I can’t switch up my skincare products often as my skin will react badly. Because of this, the CeraVe lotion is my go-to moisturiser as its non-irritating, fragrance free, and makes me feel instantly hydrated after each application (this is thanks to the “3 essential ceramides & hyaluronic acid”!) This moisturiser feels lightweight on the skin, so even during the summer months it is my go-to lotion. I would recommend this product to anyone as it works well with all skin types, from normal/dry to oily/combination. If you have sensitive skin this moisturiser is also a great choice due to its simple ingredients and lack of harsh chemicals or fragrances. I currently have the 473 ml bottle and I spent £14.40 on it from Boots (with student discount), which is great value for money as it lasts me for months! (Note: this product is not vegan or cruelty-free)

Daisy White

People with sensitive skin - here is your game changer. Simple has revolutionised skincare to the next league with Simple’s ‘water boost’ Skin Quench Sleeping Cream. This is a moisturiser I will swear by. A generous amount of it applied every night before sleeping and voilà! Your skin looks radiant and supple the next morning. When I bought this elixir, the consistency was light and soft. It’s so lightweight that you won’t even know you have it on, and it glides over your skin effortlessly. Its smooth texture is easily absorbent, and the cream has a gel-like consistency. It has proven to be one of those products that I can’t go without, even for a single night. Skin tends to be super dry during winter, which could be a cause of self-consciousness (white patches on the skin), but this cream will be your saviour. Using this product would not only shield your skin but will also give you a boost of confidence this winter.

Shrika Ajit Palakaden

Gua Sha massage stones are being sold in every Boots across the UK and with #guasha having over 1.8 billion views on TikTok, they have become a modern anti-aging essential. However, the question of what oil to use them with can be pretty overwhelming. Personally, I have been using rosehip oil ‘on repeat’ for all my face massages and it has been brilliant. My hyperpigmentation is reduced, and my skin has never looked brighter.

Rosehip oil is packed with vitamin A, C, and E, and fatty acids and is a great way to help support collagen production, calm your skin, and supposedly reduce fine lines and scars. It is also the perfect starting place if you just want to get into using oils in your skincare routine, as you can always mix it in with a moisturiser, a face mask, or even your shampoo!

Rebecca Graham

Six RAZZ writers share their favourite products that they buy again and again.

PRODUCTS

As university students, we’re no stranger to the concept of the ‘special pen’. Everyone has that one pen that makes them write better, study harder and think smarter. That special pen that won’t be leant out to anyone under any circumstance, for fear that it might go missing. For me, that pen is the 0.5mm retractable black ink Muji gel pen. Let me tell you - this pen is the GOAT. The refillable cartridge, the smooth and consistent ink flow, and the minimalist design all make for the perfect piece of stationery- and at £1.50 a pop, you can’t go wrong. Weather I’m scribbling down my shopping list, or writing a letter to the King of England, rest assured I’ll be using this pen. It’s simply that good.

Manon Martini

I’m not one to rave over beauty products, but this is just one thing that I can’t live without. I’ve sworn by the Blistex Daily Lip Conditioner since I was in year 7, and there’s a million reasons why this is the case. It seems to have some kind of magic power that no other lip balm can top. The taste isn’t too strong, or too artificial –it’s almost medicinal. And it works wonders. Literally any issue – cracked lips, general dryness, being addicted to lip balm like me – it solves. It’s cheap and insanely effective. There’s only one issue, and that is that you can only buy it on Amazon. After Boots discontinued it a few years ago (I was heartbroken), I had to resort to bulk buying it online. I know it sounds extreme, but trust me. This miracle lip balm is worth it – you won’t be buying any other lip balm for years.

Isadora Spencer

If you are anything like me and obsessively striving for that glass-skin effect, then this product is perfect for you. Suitable for all skin types, Garnier face masks come in different combinations of fragrances, but they are all water-based and hence non-sticky and lightweight. Using a vegan formula, they are created with ultra-thin tissue & infused with hydrating serum. The trick is to apply them after your mud mask or an average face pack and leave it for fifteen minutes. Due to hyaluronic acid content, it is strongly suggested to use one thrice a week. One of my favourites is their chamomile face mask which comes in pink floral packaging: it hydrates, comforts and soothes my skin after a day of heavy makeup. After peeling it off, gently massage in any excess serum to have a long lasting effect.

Pros:

1. Lightweight.

2. Non-comedogenic.

3. No animal-derived ingredients.

4. Sturdy packaging

Cons:

1. over-usage can cause breakout.

2. falls on the expensive side.

Sanjana Zunjur

Illustrations by Bella Judd

Artwork by Bella Judd

REVIEWS OF REBOOTS

Three RAZZ writers share their opinions of film reboots of some of our favorite films, both complimenting and critiquing them.

DEATH ON THE NILE

Kenneth Branagh’s 2022 remake film Death on the Nile, based on Agatha Christie’s 1937 book, has received mixed responses. Some fondly remember John Guillermin’s award-winning 1978 original. The film follows the adventures of detective Hercule Poirot in Egypt, where he is accompanying the Doyles on their honeymoon. The couple fears Jacqueline de Bellefort, the ex-fiancé of Simon Doyle and former friend of his wealthy new wife, Linnet. When the trail of deaths begins, Poirot must investigate and arrest those responsible.

Kenneth Branagh stars as Poirot. His acting makes the two-hour run time feel tedious, especially when compared to Peter Ustinov’s previous portrayal of the character. Ustinov complemented the original film’s style of drawing-room mystery, whereas Branagh’s interpretation veers towards bigger is better. Especially when it comes to Poirot’s moustache.

‘Ustinov complemented the original film’s style of drawing-room mystery, whereas Branagh’s interpretation veers towards bigger is better.’

The film is dynamic with exciting, scenic visuals. However, this sometimes detracts from the star-studded cast, which includes Emma Macky, Gal Gadot, and Tom Bateman. The original film is faithful to the book’s storyline, but the remake expands on its character’s backstories and explains Poirot’s motivation for becoming a detective. If you value the traditional style of whodunnits, the original film is for you. For a dramatic reinterpretation packed with special effects, watch the 2022 Death on the Nile.

By Alice Coe

PERSUASION

JUMANJI

The 2017 film, Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle, is a star-studded reboot of the 1995 classic, Jumanji It follows a group of high schoolers who are transported into a video game version of Jumanji and must complete it to escape. However, if they die in the game, they die in real life. The film's fresh take on the classic tale, including the use of video games, modern humour, and references, adds to its appeal to audiences.

Dwayne Johnson and Kevin Hart's excellent performances bring a new energy and comedic timing to the movie, while the use of avatars adds further humorous moments that make the film a fun watch.

‘Dwayne Johnson and Kevin Hart’s excellent performances bring a new energy and comedic timing to the movie.’

Although the reboot doesn’t fully replace the magic of Robin Williams' performance, there is a heartfelt nod to his character, Alan, when the characters examine a treehouse with his name etched on it. Serving as a reminder of his lasting impact on the franchise. Overall, this film offers a new take on the classic story and is an enjoyable adventure movie that appeals to fans of the original film and newcomers to the Jumanji franchise.

By Tais Donaldson

Carrie Cracknell’s Persuasion is riddled with issues, both as an adaptation of the original Austen novel and as a film in its own right. One of its principal missteps is its butchery of the subtle, singular character of Anne Elliot; simply put, 2022’s Anne is fun, and Anne is not supposed to be fun.

‘One of its principal missteps is its butchery of the subtle, singular character of Anne Elliot.’

2022’s Anne gets drunk and yells at Wentworth from her window, pranks her foolish sister and liberally dishes out flirty banter, roguish eyebrow raises and withering asides like a two-dimensional Fleabag. Earlier Persuasion’s, specifically the novel and Adrian Shergold’s 2007 adaptation, are many things: witty, astute, redemptive, romantic. But they are also, often, intensely sad. Cracknell’s glib, self-assured Anne Elliot obliterates Austen’s subtlety of character, and her expression of the profound, insular grief of wasted love.

‘Cracknell’s glib, self-assured Anne Elliot obliterates Austen’s subtlety of character, and her expression of the profound, insular grief of wasted love.’

This lack of subtlety characterises much of the film. While the 2007 adaptation skilfully captures quiet moments of intense connection between the separated lovers, the 2022 adaptation disregards these understated, tension-generating moments in favour of incongruous air-clearing discussions between Anne and Wentworth about their relationship. This completely undermines the original story’s power.

In short, this adaptation flattens Persuasion’s complex characters, cultural commentary, and suppressed misery into a formulaic, utterly mundane romcom.

By Alice Frearson

Repetition has (ironically) been recurrent throughout our history. Especially in terms of filmmaking, it often leads to the question of what in our human nature draws us to watch the reboots of films over and over again. Take the reboot of Rebecca released in 2020 for instance, starring Lily James. It attracted major media attention and was on my recommended Netflix watch for weeks, I had already seen countless versions and knew the story well, so what made me cave to the pressure of rewatching something I already knew the ending to? I guess the only way I can answer was the incredible marketing team of Netflix and that ambiguous feeling tied between comfort with a twist of refreshment. True, the adaptation was refreshing. It was nice supporting another Lily James movie and watching the story unravel through utilised 21st film approaches. However, ultimately, I was disappointed. The first time I watched Rebecca, it was the classically coined “original” version from 1940 and it made me think why it ever needed another one. I suppose the colour of the 2020 adaptation was a nice touch, but it wasn’t a necessity added to the story. If anything, the 2020 version tainted my viewing experience of Rebecca and made me question why I spent two hours watching a film I had already seen when I had already watched one that paid greater homage to the book.

On the other hand, the execution of the Marvels Spider-Man series has been one of the best successes of a film reboot. You could ask pretty much anyone

if they have seen it or at least heard of it to get an opinion on the matter. I liked this reboot be cause it skipped the trope we all know: boy gets bit by a spider, boy becomes spi der man and fights crime. Marvel knew their demo graphic and ran with the cause; introducing the audience to new themes addressing conflicts within Peter Parker and an expansion in lore simultaneously. Rather than miroring previous tributes, the film instead

“Repetition has (ironically) been recurrent throughout our history. Especially in terms of filmmaking, it often leads to the question of what in our human nature draws us to watch the reboots of films over and over again.”

REMAKING FILMS

Tom Holland in Spiderman: Homecoming, Columbia Pictures and Marvel Studios 2017

Armie Hammer and Lily James in Rebecca, Netflix, 2020

RAZZ writer Madeline Cooper discusses why films are remade.

extended the highly anticipated story and fundamentally brought the gift we all expect from a reboot – like that moment between comfort and refreshment Rebecca failed to bring to the table. Granted, the only flaw I have with the MCU Spider-man was the already dynamic film-scape it was entering. As the film was part of a larger franchise, it had the challenge to bring new viewers in without spoiling the experience. Regardless, once past this point, it is a film series I will (guiltily) continue to watch.

“Marvel knew their demographic and ran with the cause; introducing the audience to new themes addressing conflicts within Peter Parker and an expansion in lore simultaneously.”

Lastly, another classic reboot we’ve all encountered at some point in our lives, whether it’s during your GCSE English lessons or researching for a fancy dressup party, is the iconic Romeo and Juliet reboot with of course: Leonardo Dicaprio and Claire Danes. Quite frankly, this version is a rite of passage during adolescence. Now I don’t fully understand why this adaptation is the stand-out version, I’ve seen a few and they just don’t hit the same, but this film does a few things in comparison to the others. First of all: Leonardo Dicaprio and Claire Danes. Excellent casting. Second of all: its balance between traditionality

and modernity is exceptional. When reading the play, it can be hard to comprehend the plot as Shakespearean society is so far removed from our own today, what this film does when deploying language within a somewhat modern setting makes it so accessible. I think this adaptation changed the game for approaching outdated texts. The current trend in the industry for creating modernised spinoffs has been an example of popularity for reboots when they have been done successfully. Since this iconic version of Romeo and Juliet we’ve had Gnomeo and Juliet and recently Rosaline in 2022, which all plays into the story without decrementing the classic.

Reincarnating classic’s is a tricky path for film producers to follow. When done tragically, it can feel pointless of a route even worth taking (both as a viewer and speaking for the producers). However, when they’re done well it can feel invigorating as a spectator to watch the story progress. Rebecca may not have been the best example of a reboot, but there have been so many more that I hope this trend is the gift that keeps giving.

“Reincarnating classics is a tricky path for film producers to follow. When done tragically, it can feel pointless of a route even worth taking (both as a viewer and speaking for the producers). However, when they’re done well it can feel invigorating as a spectator to watch the story progress.”

Claire Danes and Leonardo di Caprio in Romeo + Juliet, 20th Century Fox, 1996

REPEATED TROPES

‘LOVE TRIANGLES’

I have a love/hate relationship with love triangles. When Twilight burst onto the scene, it was all anyone could talk about; who was Team Edward and who was Team Jacob? This ‘will they, won’t they’ was kept up between Bella and both the boys for four books and five films.

Love triangles are an excellent way to keep readers hooked, and at times a brilliant trope. Who wouldn’t like to imagine themselves in the protagonist’s place? Not only are you navigating high school (or Victorian womanhood or literally saving the world) but you also have two extremely handsome men who are attracted to you.

‘Love triangles are an excellent way to keep readers hooked, and at times a brilliant trope. Who wouldn’t like to imagine themselves in the protagonist’s place?’

However, I feel that at times this trope can be a tell of lazy writing. If there are so many interesting things going on in the book, or happening to the protagonist, adding in a romance of any kind can detract from the plot. Adding two romances can make the plot predictable. We know the protagonist will end up with one of the people in the triangle, reducing the ability to have more interesting connections and relationships within the plot. Furthermore, the love triangle only seems to work in one way, that is, a woman choosing between two men, and eventually settling for one. What about the queer characters, the polyamorous, or the characters who don’t want to end up with anybody in the end? There are so many ways a love triangle could go, but it never seems to happen.

So, whilst love triangles were a staple of my reading growing up (probably changing my perception of romance permanently) I feel they often leave me wanting more.

By Daisy Leason

‘ENEMIES-TO-LOVERS’

In romance novels, especially the Young Adult genre, enemies to lovers is a popular trope. The explanation is in the name. Firstly, the love interest usually offends the protagonist, or maybe they have an unexplained dislike for each other. This could go from common school rivals to kidnapping or abuse. The story goes on, and there is either a slow build to their romance, or something happens and it is revealed that the other person actually likes the protagonist.

This trope has risen in popularity. Personally, I find it painful to read. It normalises being treated badly and forgiving the love interest for being rude, mean, verbally abusive, and a whole myriad of other awful things they usually do to the protagonist. Many of these books romanticise toxic traits in relationships and can influence readers to want something like the romances they are reading in real life. Through this, real people looking for love may excuse negative behaviour because they see it in a book and it is often unpunished or even glorified. Books can provide escapism for many people, but readers of books with the enemies-to-lovers trope simply escape into a world where love comes with bad treatment. If someone was cruel or unkind to you, why would you ever date them? In real life, the best choice would be to avoid the other person, or try to be civil, not kiss them!

‘Enemies-to-lovers is a plot that pops up very often in Young Adult romance novels, and I personally do my best to avoid it.’

Enemies-to-lovers is a plot that pops up very often in Young Adult romance novels, and I personally do my best to avoid it. I’d rather read a meet-cute or a ‘Romeo and Juliet’ situation where they can’t be together due to outside forces. Love can have obstacles, but there are better barriers than one person acting like they hate the other.

By Katherine Ostroske

Four RAZZ writers share their opinions on different repeated tropes that are found in literature.

‘CHOOSE SOMEONE ELSE’

It’s not just the creatures, the spells or the magic of fantasy that make it such a popular genre. It’s also the heroes we look up to, the ones we can’t help but support every step of the way during seemingly impossible quests. But one thing within my favourite genre that I’ve found increasingly annoying is the frequency of ‘The Chosen One’ trope.

Arguably, every main character has some ‘Chosen One’ traits – it’s just part of the job of a protagonist – but it’s the prophesied ones, the heroes who are given destiny on a plate, that irk this reader.

At risk of sounding like a literary scrooge, this trope can feel like lazy writing when not executed properly; ‘The Chosen One’ becomes the answer to unsolvable plotholes, a cop-out for winning a battle. For such a common trope, it could do with some fine-tuning. Whilst the trope can be successful in demonstrating how one person can make a difference with their unrivalled goodness, I can’t help but ask, where does this heroicness even come from? When we have a prophesied hero, we run the risk of them becoming the annoying dono-wrong protagonist, in the sense that they’re special because someone said so, not because of their efforts to grow stronger or wiser.

‘At risk of sounding like a literary scrooge, this trope can feel like lazy writing when not executed properly; ‘The Chosen One’ becomes the answer to unsolvable plot-holes, a cop-out for winning a battle.’

In many cases, ‘The Chosen One’ is just some kid who picked up a sword for the first time a week ago and is already the most powerful in the realm – you really expect me to believe they are just as strong, if not stronger than the immortal villain who has trained for centuries?

Give me detailed reasons for why only they can defeat evil. Show me their intelligence, their effort, their failures. Give me a character whose importance comes from themselves. Then they’ll be worthy of the title The Chosen One.

By Nina Harris

across literature and film. It serves as a comfort when characters are at their darkest points, as comic relief in tense moments, and heartbreak if the bonds are torn apart.

For me, there is something so special about wounded characters finding a place for themselves that they can call home. Many of these characters are orphaned or estranged from their biological families. The ‘found family’ trope helps them to choose a family for themselves and have others they can rely on. It encourages diverse interactions from a range of backgrounds and helps to develop character relationships in a healthy, natural manner. Most often, this includes characters, like members of the LGBTQ+ community, who choose a family that will accept and love them unconditionally.

‘For me, there is something so special about wounded characters finding a place for themselves, in which they can call home. ‘

Overall, I think the message of finding a family for yourself is so important. Rather than being forced to stick by toxic biological relatives, or deal with life alone, it is better to choose friends who will stick by your side no matter what. There is something so wholesome about found family, which is what makes it my favourite trope to read and a consistent selling point for any form of media.

If you’re interested in reading on the trope of ‘found family’, I suggest Six of Crows by Leigh Bardugo and The Raven Cycle by Maggie Stiefvater to get started on. They are great representations of the trope.

By Megan Thomas

CHILDHOOD FILMS

camp filled with friendships, pranks, and an iconic poker scene but The Parent Trap remained a film I rarely grew tired of watching.

‘...elements of family romance and revenge...’

Three RAZZ writers share childhood films that they still love:

PEOPLE STILL LOVE The Little Mermaid

As a child I always loved Disney films, and The Little Mermaid was consistently my favorite. It is a comforting classic, and one that I still go back to and enjoy today. Ariel was always so inspiring to me as a child. I looked up to her curiosity, sense of adventure, and especially her determination to live the way that she wants to and aspired to do the same. As I grew older, I read the original fairytale written by Hans Christian Anderson in 1836. The darker, more authentic parts of the story really resonated with me. In this tale, The Little Mermaid does not have a happy ending, and the sacrifices that she makes have tragic consequences. However, the tale is bittersweet, and the selflessness and love of the little mermaid inspired me.

‘...the selflessness and love of the little mermaid insired me.’

Now, as an adult, I can see the problems with many of the old Disney films and some of the values that they teach children. Yet, with a sense of nostalgia, I will always see the positive aspects of The Little Mermaid and it will continue to be a film that I have on repeat. Looking forward, Rob Marshall’s live action version of The Little Mermaid will be released later this year, and I’m excited to see a re-working of this classic tale which I hope can inspire generations to come.

by Mia McChesney

The Parent Trap

On the way to its 25th anniversary at the end of this year, The Parent Trap is a classic childhood movie, with a storyline that keeps me rewatching, even in my twenties. In a broader sense, childhood movies are often enjoyable in adulthood as they carry a sense of nostalgia that almost transports you to the time you first watched them. Again, producers who create films for children often anticipate a parent watching alongside, therefore there tend to be many references that go over our heads until we watch them at an older age.

Without spoiling the entirety of the plot, The Parent Trap explores the reunion of tween twins Hallie and Annie, who, separated at birth, find themselves at the same American summer camp. Perhaps, it’s the overly romanticised idea of a summer

There are endless themes covered in this movie. This movie had elements of family, romance, and revenge, which is probably why it was so popular. When I watch it now, more than anything, it’s the picturesque scenery of London in the 90s that captivates me.

Like many childhood movies, we witness the classic evil stepmother trope, as the infamous Meredith Blake (portrayed convincingly by Elaine Hendrix) becomes subject to the twins’ tricks. Nowadays, the viewing age restrictions may be stricter as it is not advised for those under 12, due to Hallie tasting wine and the lingering temptation for you and your friends to pierce each other’s ears at school. Regardless of whether this film is a favourite of yours too, I would urge you to give yourself that much-needed revision break and keep some of those childhood classics on repeat.

by Anabel Costa-Ferreira

Shark Tale

It would be a mistake not to put the DreamWorks animated film, Shark Tale, on the list of childhood favourites. Known for its certified bangers – including Ross Royce’s ‘Car Wash’, Bob Marley’s ‘Three Little Birds’ and Mary J. Blige’s ‘Got to Be Real’ – this underwater animation puts the nostalgia into some of the greatest RnB hits. Its vibrant musical scenes even inspired my friends and I to create a Spotify playlist dedicated to this fish movie (yes, and we’re proud and unashamed).

Alongside its elite music taste, DreamWorks also has an excellent flair for creating some of the biggest cartoon crushes. Main character and hero, Oscar “The Sharkslayer”, has his heartthrob moments with his clumsiness, humour, and wit. However, everyone who has watched the movie would agree that Lola tops them all. Voiced by Angelina Jolie, Lola resembles her voice actress with fierce light eyes and killer fashion aesthetic. Her bad b**ch energy is what drew my childhood self to her. Whilst the villain in the movie, her fiery aesthetic coupled with a no bulls**t attitude made her an inspirational childhood girl boss.

‘Her bad b**ch energy is what drew my childhood self to her.’

This film has been locked on the watchlist for on-repeat streams: to relive the feeling when you hear a banger for the first time, inspire a girl boss attitude, and share laughs with my mates who also grew up with Shark Tale on their DVD shelves.

So, if you haven’t seen this favourite yet, add it to that watchlist! It won’t disappoint.

by Ciara Barton

Shark Tale

ACTORS ON REPEAT

Viola Davis is undoubtedly one of the best actors in human history (and I don’t think that’s an exaggeration). Her fearless vulnerability and transportive portrayal of complex characters makes her someone I could watch again and again. Davis is an actress that has worked hard for everything she’s gained with a steely faith and determination that one can only admire. On camera, her roles include a myriad of films, such as The Woman King (2022), The Help (2011), and Fences (2016) have been outstanding. Davis was in the 2008 film Doubt for a total of eight minutes, yet that was all she needed to land herself Academy Award and Golden Globe nominations. In terms of accolades, Viola Davis has proven repeatedly that she is one of the best - the actress earned the EGOT title after winning a Grammy to go with her Emmy, Oscar, and Tony (among a plethora of other awards such as a NAACP, BAFTA, SAG, Critic's Choice… I could go on). But even if Viola Davis never received any of these awards, she would remain a deeply sensitive and powerful force to be reckoned with.

As your thumb begins to cramp at the 10-minute mark of your ‘scroll’, each suggested title starts to become an insult as all Netflix cares to suggest are the same five romcoms you can quote backwards. Or it’s the ‘indie flicks’ that you just know some nepo baby directed prior to being a ‘life coach’. It is at this point that you become desperate for a ‘name’, one of those actors that you trust to not waste the next two hours of your life with pretentious claptrap. For me, Jodie Foster is the ultimate ‘name’. With a career spanning five decades and two best actress wins at the Academy Awards, it is safe to say Jodie Foster has consistently made good film choices. From her break out roles in the surprisingly heart-wrenching Bugsy Malone and Taxi Driver, to Panic Room and Silence of The Lambs, Foster’s filmology reads like an IMDB top 10 list. What always strikes me about the characters that Foster portrays, is the wise beyond their years lilt she gives to each performance. There is a calming air to her characters and a presence that makes even her lesser work compelling to watch on repeat. So, the next time you’re scrolling aimlessly for a flick, know that Foster is a sure bet for a worthwhile watch.

When looking at the rising stars of British Cinema and Hollywood, it is abundantly clear why Daniel Kaluuya is at the top of that list. With powerful and immersive works, like Get Out (2017), Judas and the Black Messiah (2021) and “Fifteen Million Merits” from the Black Mirror franchise (2011), Kaluuya’s work delves deep into social commentaries on racial injustice, as well as hyper-consumerism. Moreover, his collaborations with Jordan Peele for both Get Out and Nope (2022) manipulate the essence of traditional horror movies with an abundance of political critiques. In addition to this, Kaluuya’s portrayal of Fred Hampton in Judas and the Black Messiah left audiences stunned - there is not a more magnetic and captivating actor than Daniel Kaluuya. The role also landed Kaluuya the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. The first time I saw Daniel Kaluuya perform was in Black Mirror and after watching his intense and tireless monologue at the X Factor-esque talent show, I knew he’d be one of my favourite actors. His depictions are always incredibly dynamic and compelling, whether he’s starring in a drama or comedy. It’s explicit that his name will go down in history.

VIOLA DAVIS

Three RAZZ writers talk about their favourite actors.

Chloé Jarrett-Bell

Georgia Balmer

DANIEL KALUUYA

JODIE FOSTER

Lisette Reed

REPEATED PHRASES PEOPLE OF COLOUR HEAR ON CAMPUS

Deputy Print Editor Chloé Jarrett-Bell interviews several BAME students at the University about their experience on campus, alongside discussing important ideas concerning race.

Racism isn’t just racial slurs and violent physical attacks; it’s also about microaggressive comments and questions. The “micro” in microaggressive refers to the subtle or indirect nature of discrimination - it does not describe the scale of the effect that these comments have on people of colour.

Below you’ll see some of the repeated race-related phrases that Black, Asian, Native, Aboriginal, and other ‘ethnic minority’ people hear from white people. These phrases can be heard anywhere, but at one of the whitest universities in the UK (nearly 90%), they are often heard much more regularly on the Exeter campus.

“The phrase I hear most is ‘I don’t mean this in an offensive way but ...’ Although most people genuinely want to be educated on a topic, I’ve met a few people (mainly when they’ve had enough to drink) say something blatantly offensive to my creed and culture and top it off with ‘I don’t mean you tho, you’re sound’. It happens more frequently working in a bar.”

Jeremiah Devadhas, Psychology student.

“I haven’t heard too many phrases but what I have experienced is people asking ‘where I learnt English or how I’m fluent in English’ which sometimes feels like a back-handed compliment because another international student who doesn’t come from a third-world country was not asked the same question.”

Tamara Darby, Law student.

What’s the purpose of this article? To complain? To villainize? To police speech? If you thought of one of these, then I would suggest you ask yourself why? No, the purpose of this article is to share. To share knowledge, frustration, and perhaps work towards being a campus with a greater awareness of how our words affect other people.

I asked BAME students what repeated phrases they heard in and around campus. Let’s read what some of these students thought:

“That’s [a] difficult [question]. The culture in Streatham Campus and St. Luke’s campus is very different. In Streatham you’re more exposed to the environment that breeds racism all in the name of ‘dark humour.’

St. Luke’s is more reserved. That doesn’t mean racism doesn’t exist there, but people are more reserved in general. There isn’t as big of a ‘lad’s culture’ in St. Luke’s as there is in Streatham.

‘Where are you from?’ That’s not a bad question in and of itself. If it was written in a book you would have to read in between the lines to find the issue. There’s a tone that comes with this question, connotations around it that just feel… It irks me. Not an anger but an irk or an ick, almost.”

Odera Dim, Medicine student.

“‘I never knew someone like you would study something like this!’” Phrases like this make me feel confused because if I wasn’t Black and female, would you still have those same views?”

Ruth Taveres, BioMechanics and Human Movement Sciences, PhD student.

“One of the phrases that I have come across would be ‘I am so amazed by the way you speak English’. This makes me wonder, as an international student, if it is meant as a compliment or if there’s a subtext to it?”

Shrika Ajit Palakaden, MA Creative Writing student.

polaroids: rawpixel.com

Photoshoot by Dharma Austin

HERE ARE SOME OTHER COMMON MICROAGGRESSIONS:

You guys are meant to be really smart.

Do a search into the Model Minority myth. Beliefs and comments like this harm all BAME students, especially Asian students.

Can I touch your hair? Is it all yours?

This phrase is heard by many POC, specifically Black people. Curiosity is not the issue. Expressing curiosity is not the issue. The issue is desire versus respect. You may desire to touch a POC’s hair - ask first. Remember personal space, general manners, etc. POC are people not animals. If someone says no, respect it and move on. I’ve said respect like twelve times because that’s what it’s all about at the end of the day.

I really want to travel. Thailand, Greece, New York - and Africa.

Really? Ironically, this phrase is characterised by unspecificity but makes me think of something really specific. The 1986 South African TV show Shaka Zulu. One of the overhead wide shots presents the Black people on screen as this indistinguishable mass. No wonder POC continually say “we are not a monolith.” If you can name

individual European countries and even states within a country in the West but cannot do the same with African or Asian countries - there’s an issue. Do you desire to enjoy the forests of Gabon, the rugged mountains of Djibouti or the white sand beaches of Sierra Leone (shout out to my people!)? Either way an awareness of cultural particularity never killed anybody.

You’re from London, right?

British cities have the highest populations of non-white people than British towns, villages etc. 46% of Londoners are BAME. Statistically, it’s not a bad guess. It just doesn’t leave room for getting to know someone’s background from them telling you rather than you assuming based on demographics.

The terminology may not always be this colloquial. Some may say they prefer “light skinned women/men.” No matter the wording, the colourist sentiment is the same. The offensiveness of this line lies in the idea that the light-skinned person from the non-white race is “tempered” by whiteness, thus making said person attractive. Without their lightness they aren’t acceptable. I said “WOC” in my example specially because though men go through this too (and other struggles), in general, women disproportionately hear this phrase in comparison to men.

I don’t like WOC, but I like ‘lightskins’.

You could pass for one of us.

Oof. Being mixed race can already be hard as one would expect when you’re an embodiment of the merging two different cultural backgrounds. If you have a white parent and a BAME parent and are identifiably non-white, that comes with its own set of issues. But what happens when you don’t look like your ethnic minority parent AT ALL? Comments like the above don’t make someone feel included but further alienates them.

Calling a Native American a “Red Indian” or “redskin”.

Very racist. Very antiquated. Doesn’t matter if we don’t live in the US, when referring to Native Americans in History or Politics classes, we can still be respectful. But it’s in X book or Y song so why can’t I say (racial slur)? Sigh. Ever had a teacher that was reading a certain older text and it seemed like they just relished saying those racial slurs? Whatever medium a racial slur is in, whether it is reclaimed or in its original context - it’s still racist when a white person says/sings it. It’s upsetting for BAME people. That’s reason enough.

Ebonics when used by white people. Self-explanatory.

But it’s in X book or Y song so why can’t I say (racial slur)?

Sigh. Ever had a teacher that was reading a certain older text and it seemed like they just relished saying those racial slurs? Whatever medium a racial slur is in, whether it is reclaimed or in its original context - it’s still racist when a white person says/sings it. It’s upsetting for BAME people. That’s reason enough.

I can’t be racist my friend is XYZ.

You can be. Proximity to a person from an ethnic minority background does not make one immune from being racist - it just makes it sadder.

I hope this article has given some insight into how microaggressive comments can be harmful to POC. What’s the take away? Don’t avoid talking to POC out of fear of saying the wrong thing, just make sure to think about how your words affect another person before speaking. A little bit of empathy goes a long way.

BAME - Both ‘BAME’ (Black, Asian and minority ethnic) and ‘BME’ (Black and minority ethnic) are often used when making comparisons with the white population in the UK and reflect a common way of gathering and collating statistics, for example, by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and in company diversity monitoring. - The Law Society

POC - People of Colour (Used in the US more than the UK).

WOC - Women of Colour.

Light-skinned - Usually referring to non-white people with lighter than Black, darker than white complexions. I.e., being a Black, Latinx, Indigenous, mixed-race, or other person of colour with such a complexion.

Microaggression - a statement, action, or incident regarded as an instance of indirect, subtle, or unintentional discrimination against members of a marginalised group such as a racial or ethnic minority.

Photoshoot by Dharma Austin

QUEERBAITING is not representation

It became abundantly clear in 2022 that, despite being a term that’s been around for ages (at least by online standards), the vast majority of people still don’t seem to understand what ‘queerbaiting’ means and it is frequently used incorrectly. Queerbaiting is not Harry Styles wearing a dress or 18-year-old Kit Connor not disclosing his sexuality (something many people haven’t even figured out at that age or would ever want to make public). In its truest sense, queerbaiting refers to a marketing technique used by the media, in which creators promise LGBTQ+ representation through the presentation of characters and relationships. This is done through the promotion of the show (posters, trailers etc.), hinting at but not actually depicting same-gender romance or other types of LGBTQ+ representation. In real terms, this often looks like two same-gender characters depicted as ‘close friends’ who spend all their time together, maybe even live together, and at first glance seem to fulfil all the tropes of a developing romantic plotline or established relationship. But instead, these characters are given an episode-long, unsatisfying romance with an opposite-gender partner (to prove their sexuality is, in fact, straight - obviously) and this ‘no homo’, just-buddies relationship instead provides ample opportunity for a stream of low-bar gay jokes to address the chemistry that is clearly displayed on screen.

“In it’s truest sense, queerbaiting refers to a marketing technique used by the media, in which creators promise LGBTQ+ representation through the presentation of characters and relationships.”

So, what makes a material queerbaiting and not just lacking in representation or being openly homophobic? It is incredibly difficult to outright accuse a show of queerbaiting, as it’s ultimately a lot about subjective opinion unless you have a deep knowledge of everyone who made

decisions on the show. Watching media and wanting two characters of the same gender to be in a relationship isn’t queerbaiting but you have to ask yourself why you want to see that storyline. Shows are often accused of queerbaiting not just because they show two friends with chemistry but because potential relationships between same-gender characters are directly addressed and dismissed. The sitcom Community is a clear example as a series that is frequently aware of its own tropes through its use of meta – Troy and Abed’s relationship is continually joked about to the point where you could almost argue their romance is canon if you don’t laugh at the jokes about them being ‘boyfriends’. Romance tropes are used in a clearly identifiable way to encourage some laughs at the supposedly unnaturally close ‘friendship’ between the two characters, but they are given female love interests and their relationship never develops (and, no, having a canonically queer character that is characterised as

Merlin, BBC, 2012

Print Editor/Co-President Kat Green discusses the topic of queerbaiting and LGBTQ+ representation in film, television and media.

But the analysis of representation is more complex than the distinction between queerbaiting and an ab sence of queerness altogether, as there are plenty of shows that were intended to have LGBTQ+ content but were blocked by networks or scenes were cut out etc… This leaves queer-coded content that, on a surface lev el, looks very much like queerbaiting and can produce the same effect, without this being the intention of its creators. BBC’s Merlin, for example, has frequently been criticised by LGBTQ+ fans who were disappointed by the lack of representation in a show where having magic can be read as a metaphor for being queer, depicted as a part of Merlin’s identity he had to hide due to perse cution, aside from around other people who share that same identity. The finale in 2012 featured an emotional ‘coming out’ scene in which Merlin reveals his magic to his close friend (and, for many fans, love interest) Arthur after five seasons; an episode that was written as a love story between two men, according to an interview with the creators of the show. Despite this, aside from the iconic line ‘just hold me’, the finale still shied away from any explicit confirmation of a romance between Merlin and Arthur. When you trace the content back to the original pilot script of the series, the homosexual subtext is not just a creation by the fans but is explicit in the text. Perhaps, had it been made a few years later, we could’ve seen a much more queer-inclusive retelling of the Arthurian legend.

“...there are plenty of shows that were intended to have LGBTQ+ content but were blocked by networks or scenes were cut out etc...This leaves queer-coded content that, on a surface level, looks very much like queerbaiting and can produce the same effect, without this being the intention of its creators.”

If queerbaiting as a concept is easily problematised, why bother drawing attention to it? It is important to note that whilst people using the term incorrectly to criticise celebrities has drawn much media attention, LGBTQ+ viewers are often not taken very seriously in their demands for better representation. There are plenty of shows that show beautiful friendships between characters of the same gender and aren’t accused of queerbaiting, but we have gone past the point of using romantic tropes for two characters of the same gender and still expecting an audience to not take that closeness seriously. It is affirming to see content like Our Flag Means Death (now available on BBC iPlayer) which uses those same tropes that are meant to be laughed off in other media to depict a gay love story. Even knowing it was praised

Our Flag Means Death, HBO, 2022

for its LGBTQ+ representation, it still took me until I was half-way through to realise it really was a love story because I’m so used to seeing other shows tease these relationships and refuse to evolve them.

The important thing to take away from this is that there is a huge difference between having an LGBTQ+ character and displaying meaningful representation on screen. Sixteenth-century plays had same-gender relationships because the crowds like to mock and ridicule them; whereas now we have tropes like ‘bury your gays’ where characters come out or begin an LGBTQ+ relationship only to be killed off quickly to avoid having to show it on screen for more than five minutes. There is more representation now and it is of course a huge testament to the LGBTQ+ community and its allies that came before us that we now get to see people with shared experience on our screens. But it is sadly the trans women of colour who were at the forefront of the LGBTQ+ rights movement, that we still see so little of. These women are left out of the stories of queer joy and are only displayed in the context of their continuing struggle. Not every piece of media needs to have a queer character but to simply state that we have representation now overlooks the quality of the representation that is available. There is still so much space for LGBTQ+ experience and, above all, queer joy to be put at the forefront.

“Not every piece of media needs to have a queer character but to simply state that we have representation now overlooks the quality of the representation that is available. There is still so much space for LGBTQ+ experience and, above all, queer joy to be put at the forefront.”

REPEATED PHRASES HEARD BY ANIMAL ACTIVISTS

Print Copy Editor Natasha Matsaert discusses animal activism and veganism.

Oftentimes, the experience of animal activism feels a lot like listening to a broken record stuck on repeat. You start to get familiar with a certain set of phrases and a certain set of people consistently cropping up, sniffing your sample of vegan cheese with serious suspicion or, in extreme cases, shouting ‘BACON’ at you obnoxiously from across the street like its world-class comedy. Sometimes it’s depressing, sometimes it’s understandable, and sometimes it just makes you want to write an extremely detailed magazine article that breaks the madness down.

Producing and consuming meat and other animal products is, to put it mildly, an extremely bad idea: it drives the climate crisis, is detrimental to our health, and requires the mass suffering and slaughter of over a trillion animals. However, misinformation, ignorance, and humane-washing still lead to a series of non-vegan objections which range from understandable to point-blank ridiculous.

‘What about protein?’ – the gym rat

Protein. The big dog. The close, most personal friend of the protein-shake guzzling, gym-dwelling man. In his mind, protein is meat and only meat, as well as a fragile foun dation for his sense of masculinity (which is in itself a good reason to take down the meat industry…). As such, it will likely be the first excuse you hear. However, despite the apparent nutrition expertise of this fitness guru, dare I ask… does this individual actually know what protein is?

Protein is made up of amino acids, and guess what? They can be obtained from multiple plant proteins: pea protein, soya, lentils, micro algae, and so on. Ultimate ly, all protein comes from plants – the protein in your meat just travels through the body of an animal before getting to you. Vegan athletes are keeping pace with and outperforming their meat-eating competitors, and even dogs are now thriving off plant-based proteins.

You can still be swoll and have a plant-based protein shake, bro.

‘But we evolved to eat meat - it’s natural!’ – the naturalist

This person excitedly reminds you that we have evolved to eat meat, that it is natural. They will ask: if other animals eat meat, then why shouldn’t we? You understand why they might think this, considering the stereotype of the meat-eating, mammoth-riding caveman. However, the naturalist – oftentimes a pale student living on instant noodles and Tesco meal deals – is hardly a highly-adapted predator.

The naturalist forgets that the world is changing and that the concept of natural is changing with it. Here in the UK, they are lucky enough to have access to a shiny place called a supermarket, filled with an incredible, growing collection of plant-based foods. A lion, on the other hand, does not. If this doesn’t give them pause, you can ask them to look inside their mouth. Unlike carnivores, we have the flat molars and jaws of herbivores which allow us to grind up plants. On top of the various health complications introduced by eating meat, our bodies are literally screaming, ‘you don’t need meat!!!’ And anyway, even if it was ‘natural’ to eat small amounts of meat as omnivores, would that really make it the inevitable or right thing to do?

We must ask the naturalist: if society has progressed to offer an alternative option to meat which satisfies our needs and reduces suffering, why not take it?

We’ve all met that person, maybe we are that person, or maybe we used to be that person. The ethical, organic consumer makes sure to go to local butcheries and checks that their eggs are organic and free-range. They agree that industrial animal production is cruel and tear up watching factory farming footage but continue eating animal products based on the belief that these animals led good lives.

It’s easy to empathise with this person (for a long time I justified my actions the same way), but the grim reality is that labels like ‘organic’, ‘RSPCA-Assured’ and ‘humane’ are designed to mislead: the welfare improvements they offer are marginal and simply allow farms to continue to get away with exploitation (google what free range actually is for a shocker). On top of that, it is worth asking the organic consumer whether reducing suffer ing is enough. Would it be okay to farm dogs if it was done humanely? What about primates? Or children? Indeed, a pig is more intelligent than a 3-year-old child. At the end of the day, the only humane cages are empty cages.

Faced with a consumer who is actively trying to show compassion in their food choices, it is strange to have to explain that you cannot compassionately or kindly kill someone who doesn’t want to die for an unessential reason.

‘It’s okay because animals are less intelligent than we are’ – the philosopher

This individual happily stirs up philosophical debate by giving voice to the belief that animals are less intelligent than we are, and hence have less interest in being alive. Another role reversal situation is required here, as equality among humans could never be accepted on these terms. Some humans are, truth be told, less intelligent than others, but does this mean that their interests should not be granted equal consideration? What about humans with brain damage or terminal dementia? If the philosopher abandons an unfair bias against other species, they will eventually reach the conclusion that animals possess the same inherent and equal right to life as these human individuals. For more, advise them to check out the actual philosopher, Tom Regan.

‘But it tastes so good!’ – Your average joe … (come on, it’s been all of us at some point!)

I’ve saved the best for last because we’ve all been here. It’s the number one reason people eat animal products: “But, I like the taste!” At heart, we’re all just massive foodies, and undoubtedly a tasty meal is one of life’s great pleasures. However, what is disconcerting is that what we are really saying here is: “my tastebuds are more important than the life and suffering of an individual”, and the average person knows that this is a poor excuse. But all is not lost. We are instinctive pleasure-seekers driven by our sensory impulses, but – and this is a big BUT – we are not controlled by them! We can fight back! Just because something feels good, doesn’t mean that it is morally justifiable… Thankfully, there are now a host of guilt-free treats readily at hand which prove the exception. These alternatives ensure that the average joe doesn’t even have to make sacrifices on taste to become vegan (check out Love Raw for vegan chocolate, and La Fauxmagerie for vegan cheese). What a time to be alive!

There are many, many more repetitive strategies of avoidance, beyond the scope of this article, including ‘Farm animals would go extinct if we stopped eating meat’ (the genuinely concerned citizen?), and ‘what if you were stranded on a desert island?’ (the one with the ridiculous hypotheticals). To attempt to tackle everything here would do injustice to the complexity of these discussions. So, let’s end on a happy note, with the vision of the idyllic sanctitude that is a world where we used to eat animals. The repeated excuses have been laid to rest and there is … silence. No one shouts ‘BACON’ at you from across the street. You walk in a safe, undisturbed bliss. New patterns of thinking unfurl that are compassionate and clear-sighted, and plant-based never tasted so good.

(For more check out: ‘30 Non-Vegan Excuses & How to Respond to Them’ by Ed

Winters)

‘But I only get animal products from good places! They were treated well!’ –the almost-there ‘ethical’, organic consumer

‘

RETELLING OF A CLASSIC STORY

Goldilocks knocked once at the door of the house. Silence. She knocked again a little harder and peered in through the window. A nervousness washed over her as she glanced at the wooden floor that seemed to have an array of scratch marks piercing the wood. She would have left, but she was starving.

“H-hello? Is anyone home?” All she could hear was the howling wind from outside whistling through the creaky cabin home.

With a new confidence that she was alone, she dashed into the kitchen. She grabbed a spoon and hastily shovelled a spoonful of porridge that was left there into her mouth. It immediately sizzled and boiled her gums, she let it fall from her mouth and back into the bowl. Fanning her mouth, she went to turn on the tap for some water but nothing was produced. She spooned, much more cautiously this time, a mouthful of porridge from the second bowl and was slightly disgusted. It was cold and lumpy. She moved onto the last bowl, hoping it was less disgusting than the second and ate a mouthful.

She ate the entire bowl of the perfect, smooth and warm bowl of porridge at the end of the table. As she trekked through the woods, an insatiable grumble had been gripping and stabbing her stomach. As a result, she felt weak and nauseous, but that horrible feeling was finally gone. However, after a surprisingly filling meal she needed to lie down.

Goldilocks wandered up the wide tall staircase of the cabin and reached a bedroom. Trying her best to stay awake she blinked rapidly to keep her eyes open, but eventually her exhaustion got the better of her and she fell asleep in the smallest bed.

A thundering crash from downstairs woke Goldilocks up and she panted looking around frantically. Hovering over her was a small bear. She held her breath as it sniffed at her. She squeezed her eyes shut as her golden locks were blown back by the breath of the bear. It stood on its legs, looming over her and opened its mouth. Before she could stop herself she grabbed the bedside table and smashed the bear over the head with it. It stumbled backwards letting out a moan of fear and cowered in the corner. A large splinter of wood was poking out of its head and blood trickled from it.

She ran from the room, trembling as she went and checking back that the bear wasn’t following her. She nearly slipped down the stairs and gripped the bannister about to run but she came face to face with another bear. This one was much larger, not massive, but still big. She froze in her place as the bear, much like the first one began to stand up on two legs.

Goldilocks slammed her foot into the bear’s chest with as much force as she could muster. The bear was teetering on the top of the staircase and it fell backwards and tumbled all the way down. It hit the bottom and wasn't moving so Goldilocks took this as her chance to run.

She wasted no time sprinting for the door and just as she broke free and got outside, she glanced behind and there coming out of the door was a beast. A bear larger than anything she had ever seen before. It was roaring and staring her down. Teeth brandished as it snarled and drooled saliva down its furry chin.

Goldilocks sprinted as fast as she could but the pounding on the ground behind her made her heart rise into her throat and she was sure she was about to vomit! Her tired and weak body pushed her along but it was hopeless, her knees ached and her legs burned. She was throwing her body into her stride, trying to make as much distance between her and the beast as she could. She didn't dare look back. As she reached the treeline, Goldilocks stumbled and slammed onto the ground, the wind being sucked from her. She felt a hot breath on the back of her neck, tickling her skin and inching closer to her.

The forest echoed with a roar, birds fluttering and branches shaking.

Goldilocks entered the woods but never came out again. Stories were told of what happened to the girl: some say witches and evil spirits got her. Some say she got lost and starved to death; others say the beast in the middle of the woods must have killed her, the one they can hear roaring through the trees but no eye has ever seen. Everyone had a theory but no one really knew what happened to Goldilocks. The truth was hidden from everyone, so her life became nothing but a fairytale.

RAZZ writer Niamh Kemp presents her own retelling of the children’s well-known and much loved story of ‘Goldilocks and the Three Bears’.

Poetry

‘Comforts’

The leaves on the summer trees melt to golden brown, Soon to fall to the ground.

I brush my teeth, the thoughts of yesterday dance in my mind. In the bathroom mirror I am met with the same face gazing back at me, The same me who will always be with me.

These things remain constant, While you are forever changing And while you may stay or go,

These comforts repeat, every day, every year. Remaining unchanged In the vastness, they ground me. Comforting me on repeat.

By Imogen Shackleton

Paper Shadows

Alyssum flower take root in my breast, and grow my worth beyond beauty. Bloom fiercely in rich clusters, or wither between dust ridden pages, where I once pressed you.

Fountain pen scour my thoughts into words, and sign my name in blood. Outline in inkwell blottings, the curvature of my face, where I once slept amongst the letters.

Bleak sun rise when I cannot, and seep life into my bones. Fan the furnace of my ambition, and in endless days, preserve me in paper shadows.

By Grace Dunford-Elliott

Three RAZZ writers share original poetry based on the theme of (ON) REPEAT.

Medusa

Medusa was a monster. she had snakes in her hair, and her face was hideous she was turned into a monster by the righteous gods and don’t let anyone tell you that she was a victim.

her death was a triumph. it would be a lie to say that turning people into stone with just a stare means hers is nothing but monstrous they say the eyes are the window to the soul so hers must be cold and stone the true monsters were the men in her story.

Athena couldn’t protect her and she cast her out that was Medusa’s fault because Poseidon wanted his way with her don’t tell me she should have defended herself, just because she was a women because Athena took her protection away, she could not defend herself in any other way she was a monster to the men she killed,

Medusa is not someone to look up to, you cannot tell me Medusa isn’t a monster.

by Scarlet Parfitt

Note: this poem can be read forwards and backwards

illustrations: rawpixel.com

Photograph by Charley Huckerby

Music: (ON) REPEAT

You might know the feeling of walking home without hearing your favourite songs at a concert you paid £50 to see. Setlists aren’t always perfect, especially if the artist has decades’ worth of material - it’s difficult to make each member of the audience happy. This doesn’t just go for famous artists; I’ve also shouted at a friend playing a local open mic who refused to play his first cringey breakup song.

Musicians sometimes change it up at different gigs or only play their new album to promote fresh songs. It can be dependent on if the artist has changed their musical style or what type of performance it is. Often, it’s at oneoff events like Rihanna’s Super Bowl halftime show, that artists are made to stick to performing their greatest hits (although there were still complaints online about her not playing ‘Desperado’).

Though experiencing new releases live gives you more additions to your playlists, the main point of going to see popular artists in concert is to sing along with friends in a large crowd. I’m excluding up-and-coming artists, like DJs or indie musicians, from this comparison of setlists, as these shows are meant to be about exploring new music, rather than a more well-known or established artist.

From the live shows I’ve attended, the most satisfying setlist seems to be an unexpected mix of old and new bops, with an encore of the finest couple of classics.

It’s important to value new releases as much as the classics. With this in mind, RAZZ has asked writers to send us pieces on the music they always have (on) repeat…

Print Copy Editor Faith Dale-Hughes provides an introduction to the music section section.

SONGS TO DAYDREAM TO: A Playlist

If you’re in the mood for discovering some new tracks or remembering some old favourites, this is the playlist for you. Curated by RAZZ writer Lucy Jarvis-Chase, a playlist full of dreamy, smooth, gentle songs to listen to as you watch the clouds pass by. These are tried and tested ‘on repeat’ tracks for me, certified to play in the car with my future kids so they can daydream the road trip away, just like I used to.

In The Waiting Line, Zero 7 and Sophie Barker - A perfect track to get the road trip going. If you want to just mellow out and relax into some smooth, velvety, jazzy music, pop this one on.

Midas, Maribou State and Holly Walker - This song’s upbeat instrumental and silky vocals will have you drifting into a daze as the scenery turns from city walls into fields and meadows.

Genesis, Grimes - The ultimate daydream song. The amount of cyber-punk, futurist worlds you can explore in your mind with this song are endless.

Champagne Coast, Blood Orange - I personally adore the second half of this song, soft and dreamy. Certified to put you in a trance.

How Can You Swallow So Much Sleep, Bombay Bicycle Club - If nostalgia was a song, it’s this. Suddenly I’m in the backseat of my parent’s car, directing a whole film in my head which, of course, I star in. And damn it’s good!

Sarah, Alex G - The first of two of the G man’s to make this playlist. If this song could play on repeat in my head forever, I think I’d be happy. Makes me think of waking up on a summer morning in primary school.

Luna, The Smashing Pumpkins - Something about that drop after the first verse makes me play this song over and over just for that. Ugh, so good.

A Vision That’s Changed, Malena Zavala - Malena’s voice will have you slipping into the gentlest dream of your life - soft, warm, and comfortable. Or you might cry. Either way, gorgeous. It’s worth it for the guitar solo at the end.

Cards, Alex G - My love for Alex G will go on forever and so will this song, that little guitar riff is quite possibly, my favourite thing ever.

Pitch The Baby, Cocteau Twins - Not exactly ones for decipherable lyrics, the Cocteau Twins are perfect to escape to that little world inside your head.

Chega de Saudada, Antonio Carlos Jobim - Ooh that little section at 2:18! In true bossa nova style, this track makes you want to have glass of red wine and a dance in the kitchen whilst making a lasagne from scratch. Can confirm, it’s a good time.

Bom Motivo, Toco - This song will make you wish you knew how to salsa, but you’ll still try - hips and shoulders wiggling everywhere.

At the River, Groove Armada - Such a feel-good tune. Summer beach montage anyone?

Pure Shores, All Saints -This track has been on repeat since I was a kid. Pure shores? More like pure vibes ;)

State Lines, Novo Amor - Winding down now, Novo Amor will help fade those daydreams into the realm of regular dreams. Soft and gentle.

Idaho, Gregory Alan Isakov - Finally, a song for the end of the trip. When your eyelids grow heavy and you pretend to be asleep so that your dad will carry you inside and into the comfort of your own bed.

ALBUM

Six RAZZ writers share their ‘no-skips’ albums: The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill by Lauryn

Hill

The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill has been a staple in my music rotation since my youth, and with its blend of soul, reggae, hip-hop, and R&B, the album’s musicality is unmatched. To say the album explores all aspects of life is an understatement. Its powerful themes of identity, love and social justice are what keep me coming back.

Released in 2006, Back to Black was driven by Winehouse’s struggles with addiction and a series of turbulent romantic entanglements, yet the album doesn’t leave its listener in complete despair. Her melancholy lyricism is accompanied by an upbeat Motown tempo, most notably in ‘He Can Only Hold Her’and the album’s fourth single, ‘Tears Dry on Their Own’.

‘The highly acclaimed record has paved the way for a wave of female soul in the UK music industry’

From the hard-hitting lines of ‘Lost Ones’ to the heart-wrenching heartbreak ballad of ‘Ex-Factor’, her versatility is what makes her one of the greatest artists of all time in my eyes. Despite its age, it never fails to be relatable. Hill uses her album title as a metaphor for her own life and experiences, as she reflects on her upbringing and the short fallings of society. Her honesty and empowering lyrics continue to resonate with audiences, making this album a must-listen for any one who appreciates great music and meaningful messages. Beyond its musicality, it’s also remembered for its social and cultural impact, being the first hip hop album to win ‘Album of the Year’ at the Grammys. It’s because of this that it is a ‘no skips’ album that I’ll keep on repeating for years to come.

by Sylvia Hanlon

Back to Black by Amy Wine house

In the age of Spotify and Apple Music, it is not often that I will listen to an album in its chronological entirety. Yet, thinking back on the landmark records of my childhood, the one that sticks out most vehemently is Amy Wine house’s best-selling album Back to Black. Listening to the record again in my second year of university, the second (and final) album in Amy Winehouse’s discography still holds the coveted position of a ‘no skips’ album in my mind.

The 35-minute record navigates moments of infidelity, heartbreak, and guilt soundtracked to a bluesy instrumental.

The highly acclaimed record has paved the way for a wave of female soul in the UK music industry, inspiring artists like Adele and Florence and the Machine. I would urge you to listen to it from start to finish to fully experience what, in my opinion, is one of the few ‘no skips’ albums of the contemporary music scene. by

Maya Fernandes

Love Ire and Song by Frank Turner

If I had to choose a record which runs as a clear string between my childhood and student self, it would be 2008’s Love Ire and Song by Frank Turner. As the sophomore album of an ex-punk singer songwriter, largely concerned with the loss of adolescence, multiple failed relationships, and political fatigue, it was perhaps a strange stand-out for a quiet primary school girl. But at its heart, Love Ire and Song is about caring deeply about friends, feeling old before your time, rejecting monotony and cynicism, and embracing the messiness of life and love.

‘It still feels to me like a glimmering shot of hope and romanticism’

It still feels to me like a glimmering shot of hope and romanticism, which leaves me energised and a little more ready to go out and face the world with pride in my own creativity and sensitivity. A complex and powerful love letter to the ups and downs of young adulthood, I am grateful that this was part of the soundtrack to my childhood, but I’m even more glad that I have it to turn to as I enter my

Indigo Maynard Watts

Choose Your Weapon by Hiatus

An album that I have kept coming back to since my friend Dylan shared it with me in 2016 is Choose Your Weapon The second studio album by Australian neo-soul quartet Hiatus Kiyote, this album is an underrated musical masterpiece. I have listened to the liquifying tracks on numerous Sunday mornings, yet it never seems to lose its charm.

‘Its powerful themes of identity, love and social justice are what keep me coming back.‘

‘It never seems to lose its charm.’

I solve a new lyrical riddle with each hit of the play button and notice a new layer of tone with every listen too. Choose Your Weapon oscillates smoothly between various time signatures, musical genres, and tones- it’s gripping, relaxing, and exciting all at once. It’s a ‘no skips’ album for me and possibly the greatest music recommendation I’ve ever received. Thanks, Dylan.

by Manon Martini

Dear Annie by Rejjie Snow

Compared to the dark clouds of my assessments and essays, Rejjie Snow’s Dear Annie feels like a ray of sunshine. Whilst fusing pop, funk and disco elements, the Irish rapper colours every song with lyrics inspired by some of rap’s greatest acts, such as N.E.R.D and Tyler, The Creator. As a result, Dear Annie feels like the ultimate cure for midweek blues or hungover moods.

‘Dear Annie feels like a ray of sunshine.’

What’s endearing about this album is that Snow doesn’t take himself too seriously (as seen in the lyrics of ‘Charlie Brown’). He opens the album with ‘Hello’, a chorus of singing voices which melts into a pool of high-hits,

saxophone and synthetic sounds. It sets the whole tone of the album: eclectic, a little messy but so much fun to listen to. Dear Annie reminds you to have a good time, to enjoy yourself and seek out the sunshine.

And it’s why I will always press ‘repeat’. by Amy Clarke

The Love Umbrella by Grady

“To all our beautiful listeners across the globe, we’d like to say welcome and thank you for joining us here on The Love Umbrella.”

The album starts and listeners are first introduced to ‘The Love Umbrella’ radio station; Grady’s character is told to be just arriving and the electric and eclectic show is about to begin…

The 2021 electric-pop album follows the story of fictional Grady on a journey through love with his romantic interest, Jade. The Love Umbrella takes the form of a radio interview, in which short discussions with Grady’s fictional character integrate the tracks. Each song tells a story that complements the overarching narrative of the experiences of love. Grady’s unique style as an artistic storyteller exudes through every aspect of the album.

‘Grady’s unique style as an artistic stroyteller exudes through every aspect of the album.’

Listeners will lose themselves in slowed mellow moments with songs like ‘Javelin’ or have their foot tapping with the more upbeat rhythm of songs like ‘Quality Time’. Whilst every song is nuanced with tonal differences, they seamlessly follow with the end of each song beginning the next track to make the entire album feel like one immersive song.

This is the perfect no-skip album that you are bound to lose yourself in.

by Jessie Fairclough

Images from bendonson.com

REVIEWS

Illustrations by Jessie Fairclough

Stop Looking Under There

“Go change.”

What is the definition of ‘too much’? For generations, society has projected this idea that a woman dresses solely for the male gaze, and that it is her responsibility to not incite the lust or thoughts of men through her appearance. It is not emphasised enough that men should be held accountable for how they view and treat women in the world; to control their own minds. What we fail to see is the true reasoning behind women seen as “inappropriately” dressed in everyday life.

We are encouraged to express ourselves, our talents and our passions, but somehow women remain limited by the repeated rules of dress code that have been institutionalised and culturally embedded into society. It is now normal for women to assume they will be sexualised. Anything supposedly “too tight” is distracting, “too low” is revealing, and “too short” is provocative and tacky.

Young girls, as little as primary school, are told to wear their uniform a certain way. Although there should be purposes to look smart, from personal experiences of attending an all-girls school, we were told by senior staff that uniform code should be followed in order to “not provoke the male teachers and visitors”. An example was during any form of exercise or sport match fixture, gym leggings were banned from being worn, simply because they accentuated our figures too much. The school skorts were definitely impractical during the winter season outside and wearing thick tracksuit bottoms and hoodies are too heavy for a cardio session. Again, it is this assumption that girls are dressing for appearance rather than just wearing clothes for the actual activity they are engaging with. The perspective should be that if a grown, adult male cannot see women in a non-sexual context, it is not the student’s problem but the man and his thoughts in these scenarios. Particularly in schools, where they should be a place and environment for girls to feel safe, respected and not surrounded in a victim-blaming culture and objectification.

“You are a bad woman.”

The moment women make a profit from their bodies, find a loophole in the patriarchal system, it suddenly becomes too objectifying. As soon as women started to benefit from the sexualisation of their bodies, learning to work with it, they were and still continue to be shamed, considered to have the lowest self-respect and “unable to close their legs”. Whorephobia is an excuse to aim more hate toward women and demonise prostituted women, again taking away the focus on the perverted men who give in and are part of the system. These men willingly and equally contribute to the industry, using their money to pay to objectify women for their own pleasure, and inevitably view women only as a sexual tool. Additionally, there is less awareness toward the abuse happening behind the trade and some of the barbaric behaviours these men do and act. Many women do not benefit and suffer from violence, forced to be submissive as they are temporarily ‘owned’ and manhandled. If consent has to be bought, is it really consent? Most of the time there are no sex workers rights; men control the experience how they wish. Despite this realm of male supremacy and women as the commodity, it is still the women are still the ones who are blamed for their lack of sexual morality. Yet, who truly is the ‘happy hooker’ out of the two participants in this situation?

REPEATED EVENTS

Four RAZZ writers tell us about different events that happen on a regular basis and are of importance to them, that they love to go to. These events are personal, social and traditional.

EVENINGS

Every Friday evening you can head to The Old Firehouse and catch some of the latest up and coming musical talent in Exeter. Students and locals come together to enjoy the live music in this warm and lively pub where you can sip on a craft cider, choose from a selection of gins or share a bottle of wine… or two!

‘Catch some of the latest up and coming musical talent in Exeter.’

Firehouse is a rare find in the city centre because it’s one of the few pubs left that still manage to really capture the rustic vibe of Devon. You will find a wooden beamed interior and tapered candles fitted artistically into empty wine bottles, creating the perfect #countrylife aesthetic to romanticise your time in Exeter. Their pizzas are famous for their top-notch quality and 14” size, perfect for sharing, and what’s more you can get yourself a student discount. I really recommend kicking off the weekend here – you are sure to make some amazing memories!

By Alanah Swift

MAGH MELA

Magh Mela is a cultural and religious fair held in my home city of Allahabad (officially known as Prayagraj) in India. It is held at Sangam, the confluence of the three holy rivers Ganga, Yamuna, and Saraswati during January and February every year. While it holds a very significant place in Hindu mythology and religious history and attracts devotees from all across the world, it is also a vibrant display of the rich culture and heritage of my city.

The food stalls include local specialities such as kachori damaloo that evoke one’s gustatory and olfactory senses. Allahabad’s famous guavas spread their green hues and distinct aroma all over the fair. Migratory birds from Siberia throng the riverside during the Magh Mela. There are also fun rides and shopping spots throughout the fair. I remember going to Magh Mela every year with my parents and grandparents to enjoy the variety of stalls and displays.

‘It is one of the things that I love and miss about my home city and that connects me deeply to my roots.’

Being by the riverside also provides a much-needed sense of tranquillity. Magh Mela comes as a wave of warmth and excitement during the peak of winter. It is one of the things that I love and miss about my home city and that connects me deeply to my roots.

By Swarnim Agrawal

MORRIS DANCING IN EXETER

In towns across Devon, including Exeter, there are seasonal public performances. For example, the celebration of an English folk tradition, Morris dancing. The Exeter Morris dancing group meet up on high streets, near shops and passing people, and engage with the public through performing their traditional dances. It is a fun seasonal activity that is also popular, with various performance groups touring around the country.

The Morris dancing tradition emerged about 600 years ago. The exact origin of the dance is unknown, and there are a variety of ways the ritual is performed. It involves high stepping but also props such as sticks or pieces of material. The name's origin could stem from the African influence that came through Spain and France when the Moors invaded. There are some similarities to old druid dances as well. After its decline, many Morris dancing revival groups started, their aim to save the centuries old heritage.

The Morris Dancers in Exeter have been promoting English folk culture since 1951. They have become a really close community and they encourage people to join, regardless of their age. During their shows, there is also an opportunity to dance with them, going around in circles!

‘I watched them for an hour, not being able to stop as each of the dances were unique and colourful.’

Overall, seeing the group perform has been a unique and entrancing experience. I watched them for an hour, not being able to stop as each of the dances were unique and colourful. Seeing the Morris dancers made me feel like I witnessed a different side of England that is not promoted and often underestimated.

By Agata Koralewska

LUNA & WOLF YOGA STUDIO

I joined Luna and Wolf Yoga back in December and their sessions have been a brilliant way to cope with fast paced uni life. From energising and powerful flows to more relaxing sessions which encourage mindfulness and meditation, there is a class for everyone. I really like that each class is completely unique, with every teacher bringing their personality to it, whether it be essential oils or quoting poetry.

‘I really like that each class is completely unique, with every teacher bringing their personality to it,.’

Each month they offer a sound bath, a practice originating in Tibet, designed to “help you relax, break down energy blocks and brings the body into balance and harmony, releases stress, activate the natural healing process of your mind, body and soul, help improve sleep, and raises the vibrational frequency of the body.” It may sound mad to some but don’t kick it until you try it! Whether you believe in chakras and energy or not, it is still a noteworthy way to give meditation a go in a relaxed and beautiful environment.

If sound healing or even yoga isn’t your cup of tea, they have a lovely café on site. So perhaps after a walk in the countryside, or if you fancy a change of scenery to do your dissertation, Luna and Wolf is the right place for you.

By Rebecca Graham

LOCAL SLANG

Four RAZZ writers share local slang from their home, what they mean and what they love about them.

Barr—(pronounced: b-ah-rr) is a word with roots in the Marathi language. This slang is often heard in the region of Maharashtra, prominently in Pune. The meaning is quite simple; it translates to ‘okay.’ However, the connotation with which this is used changes, adapting to the context of the situation. For example, Barr is used curtly and the ‘r’ is dragged if you are tired of formulating a response, accompanied with a head nod. It is also used with a roll of an eye, an effective way to end a boring conversation. So, next time you are in Pune, you know what to say!

Sanjana Zunjur

I never enjoyed speaking German during school (fumbling my way through the conjunctive moods, tripping over the many compound nouns), yet since moving to the UK for university (and having no one to talk German to except one of my flat mates – who refuses to before at least two gin lemonades) I have gained a newfound appreciation in the little quirks that the language brings. Some of my favourite expressions are:

Alles gut/ alles gechillt leute – all is well/ nothing to worry about

Useful for when you have a group project due in 24 hours that you should have started a month ago, but there is clearly nothing to worry about.

Ach/ achso – oh/ oh I see

A lovely filler word that can be used to express understanding, confusion, quiet acceptance, or utter disappointment (I’m proud to say some of my friends in Exeter have adopted this expression).

Schnief – a little sniffle

A phrase for when your crush makes out with someone else in the club and life isn’t going too well.

Bruder/ alter – brother/ bro

This saying is usually accompanied with a bro handshake-tohug situation.

Dezent unpraktisch – subtly impractical

This is for use in situations which are more than just a little bit impractical. Such as your car crashing your car into a wall, or a clubbing night ending with a trip to A&E.

Sara Silvester

The city of Mumbai - famously known as Aamchi Mumbai – is a confluence of cultures, food, and topographic beauty and within it, the seafront promenade Marine Drive is a must-visit attraction. When you are sitting there, letting the cool breeze of the sea hit your face, you will see Mumbaikars in a banter with snacks in their hands and hear them calling out, “Arey Yaar!” This simply means “Oh! Mate”, although the connotations differ from time to time. For instance, if someone is frustrated, they will say “Arey yaar” for “Are you kidding me?” This typical bambaiyaa (Bombay) slang is easily slipped into many conversations, so much so that when Mumbaikars travel abroad the “arey yaar” never leaves their system.

Shrika Ajit Palakaden

‘Yaar’ – This is a popular word in India that literally translates to ‘friend’ or ‘buddy’ in English. Friends often use it to address each other in a very informal and casual manner. It is often paired with words like ‘arey’ (roughly translates to ‘hey!’) and is not restricted to just friends. Apart from being a way of addressing people, ‘yaar’ is a word that recurs in many Bollywood songs about friendship (my favourite ones being ‘Tera Yaar Hoon Main’, ‘Tere Jaisa Yaar Kahan’ and ‘Yaaron’). While it has a strong connotation of the special bond one feels with their friends, it can also be used for a romantic implication (example – ‘Tere Sang Yaara’ and ‘Tu Hi Yaar Mera’). I love using ‘yaar’ with my friends especially because I can use it to convey different emotions depending on the tone in which I say it or the typography and emojis used with it. It can be thought of as equivalent to the British or Australian ‘mate’, but for me, nothing can replace the feeling of saying ‘yaar’.

Swarnim Agrawal

Issue 37

www.razzmag.co.uk

facebook: Razz Magazine

twitter: @razzmag

instagram: @razzmagexeter

email: razzmag@gmail.com