2218

DOOR TO DOOR SERVICE FROM TURKEY TO UK Details on page 3

Est: May 1978. SURMA 43 Years, Issue 2218, 03 - 09 September 2021, 25 - 31 nJhs 1428 mJÄuJ, 50p

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2 UmrJUmr

03 - 09 September 2021

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KmùJkj

03 - 09 September 2021

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UmrJUmr

03 - 09 September 2021

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Kingdom Solicitors

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7

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8

UmrJUmr

03 - 09 September 2021

fJPumJjPhr KmKòjú TrJr KmÀP≠ xfTt TrPuJ TJfJr

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\JKfxÄW oyJxKYPmr xfTtfJ

@lVJKj˜JPj oJjKmT Kmkpt~ @xjú, \ÀKr xJyJPpqr @Pmhj

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UmrJUmr

03 - 09 September 2021

9

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BASHA FOR SALE mJxJ KmKâ Sale from £100.000 Payment with uk currency.

Two flats each flat has have 3 bedrooms, 1 living room, 1 dining room, 2 bathrooms and a kitchen.

Can leave as 1 flat or as 2 flats. 8 disi mill. Firth floor foundation. Ground floor completed.

1 garage and 1 edition outside bathroom.

Subid Bazar Nurani Bon Kola Para Sylhet.

Build in 2014 October.

Quick Sale – NO TIME WASTERS PLEASE Contact Mr Miju 07940 767902

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UmrJUmr

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03 - 09 September 2021

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UmrJUmr

03 - 09 September 2021

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11

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THE ULTIMATE EVENT PLANNING & CATERING COMPANY

GETTING MARRIED? CONGRATULATIONS!

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VENUES • CATERING • DÉCOR AND EVERYTHING IN-BETWEEN The ALL IN ONE Wedding Company Unit 10, Abbey Trading Point, Canning Road Stratford, London E15 3NW Tel: 0208 522 4528 Mob: 07545 881 924 / 07956 237 128 info@sultancaterers.co.uk

www.sultancaterers.co.uk

12 - 13

03 - 09 September 2021

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14

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oMÜKY∂J 15

03 - 09 September 2021

xπJPxr oNu ßyJfJ TJrJ ATPfhJr @yPoh ßuUT: xJPmT \\, xÄKmiJj, rJ\jLKf S IgtjLKf KmPväwT

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03 - 09 September 2021

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IqJuJK\t gJPT fJ yPu K\øJr k´hJy mJ \ôJuJPkJzJ yPf kJPrÇ aMgPkˆ ZJzJ oJCgS~Jv, TíK©o hÅJf S KTZM SwMPir TJrPe IqJuJK\tT KrIqJTvPj FTA Im˙Jr xíKÓ yP~ gJPTÇ A≤JrPjaÇ

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^MKÅ T ßmPz pJ~ oJrJ®TnJPmÇ fJr oPiq CPuäUPpJVq yPuJ lqJKa KunJr KcK\\Ç ßpA ßrJV pTíPf IKfKrÜ YKmt \Po pJ~Ç lPu pTíf KbT oPfJ TJ\ TrPf kJPr jJÇ @r pTíPfr TJ\ yPuJ vrLr ßgPT KmwJÜ CkJhJj kKrÏJr TrJÇ ßp YKmt S TJPmtJyJAPcsa UJmJPrr xPñ V´ye TrJ y~ fJ y\o TrJÇ xKbT xoP~ KYKT“xJ TrJ jJ yPu lqJKa KunJr KcK\\ ßgPT xíKÓ yPf kJPr pTíPfr KxPrJKxx mJ TqJ¿JrÇ jÓ yP~ ßpPf kJPr èÀfôkeN t FA IñÇ TqJ¿JPrr ^MKÅ T : ßaéJPx ImK˙f FoKc IqJ¥Jrxj TqJ¿Jr ßx≤JPrr oPf FTJKiT irPjr TqJ¿JPrr ßkZPj nNKoTJ rJPU ßkPar IKfKrÜ YKmtÇ FPhr oPiq ßTJPuJPrÖJu TqJ¿Jr, IVúqJvP~r TqJ¿Jr, r\”mPºr kr ˜j TqJ¿Jr, \rJ~Mr TqJ¿Jr KmPvwnJPm CPuäUPpJVqÇ cJ~JPmKax : aJAk aM cJ~JPmKaPxr ^MKÅ T mJzJ~ IKfKrÜ ßkPar YKmtÇ FoKc IqJ¥Jrxj mPuj, ßp IPñr VJP~ ßuPV gJPT, IKfKrÜ yPu ßxA IPñrA ãKf TPr KnxJrJu lqJaÇ @mJr vrLrPT IKfKrÜ AjxMKuj ‰fKr TrJr AKñf ßh~ FA YKmtÇ @r k´P~J\Pjr IKfKrÜ AjxMKuj vrLPr gJTPu mJzPm cJ~JPmKaPxr @vïJÇ míPÑr ãKf : \JjtJu Im hq @PoKrTJj ßxJxJAKa Im ßjPl∑JuK\r FT VPmweJ~ \JjJ pJ~, ßp oJjMwèPuJr ‰hKyT @TíKf @PkPur oPfJ, mM^Pf yPm fJPhr ßkPa YKmtr oJ©J ßmKvÇ TJre vrLPrr oiqnJPV mJzKf YKmtr TJrPeA oJjmPhPyr Foj @TíKf @PxÇ FA oJjMwèPuJr míPÑ rÜYJk gJPT IPjT ßmKv, FojKT fJPhr S\j IKfKrÜ jJ yPuSÇ hLWtPo~JPh FA IKfKrÜ rÜYJk SA IÄPvr rÜjJuLPT hMmu t TPr ßh~Ç lPu míPÑr kKrPvJij

ãofJ ToPf gJPTÇ ßkPar YKmt ToJPjJ CkJ~ : ˝J˙qTr UJhqJnqJx ßoPj YuPf yPm ImvqAÇ ÊiM fJPfA yPm jJ, xPñ gJTPf yPm Kj~Kof mqJ~JoÇ \j ykKT¿ ßoKcKxPjr oPf, mqJ~Jo TrPu vrLPr AjxMKuj TPo pJ ßkPar YKmt VuJ~Ç AjxMKuj yrPoJjKa vrLrPT YKmt \KoP~ rJUJr AKñf ßh~Ç fJA FA yrPoJPjr oJ©J TPo ßVPu pTíf fJr @vkJPvr YKmtPT \ôJuJKj KyPxPm mqmyJr TrJ ÊÀ TPrÇ

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oMÜKY∂J

03 - 09 September 2021

17

TJmMPur kfj S pMÜrJPÓsr mqgtfJ Kâx c~Ku ßuUT: u§jKnK•T TJCK¿u lr @rm-KmsKav @¥Jr ˆqJK§ÄP~ (KxFFKmAC) kKrYJuTÇ @rm KjC\ ßgPT nJwJ∂r oMyJÿh UJ~Àu mJvJr

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kJPmÇ KT∂á fJPumJjrJ Ifq∂ hs∆fVKfPf TJmMPur KhPT FKVP~ pJ~Ç @lVJKj˜JPj pMÜrJPÓsr 20 mZPrr hUuhJKrfô S xJoKrT CkK˙Kfr ImxJj Wau oJ© TP~T KhPjr oPiq FmÄ ßhUJ ßVPZ FA xoP~r oPiqA oJKTtj mJKyjLr xyPpJVL @lVJj ßxjJmJKyjL jJ˜JjJmMh yP~ ßVuÇ oJKTtj TrhJfJrJ fJPhr 88 KmKu~j cuJPrr k´Kvãe TotxKN Y KTnJPm iMPuJ~ KoPv ßVPZ, ßhPU Km˛~JKnnNf yP~ kPzÇ oJ© 75 yJ\Jr xhPxqr fJPumJj mJKyjLr TJPZ Ff xyP\ Kfj uJU xMxKöf S k´Kvãek´J¬ @lVJj ßxjJr kfj KTnJPm yPf kJPr? Fr Igt TL? Frkr TL WaPm? F \jq KT mJAPrr KmvõPT @fïV´˜ gJTPf yPm? k´gof, ßk´KxPc≤ ß\J mJAPcj pJA muMj jJ ßTj∏ FaJ pMÜrJPÓsr \jq IkoJj\jTÇ oJ© \MuJA oJPx oJKTtj ßjfJ hJKm TPrKZPuj, È@lVJKj˜Jj ßgPT @PoKrTJ~ @xJr \jq @PoKrTJj hNfJmJPxr TJPZ ßTJPjJ oJjMw SbJr oPfJ kKrK˙Kfr xíKÓ yPm jJÇ' fJPumJj kMjÀ™Jj gJoJPjJr uPãq @lVJj rJ\QjKfT mqm˙JPT ßdPu xJ\JPjJ FmÄ @lVJj ßxjJmJKyjLPT k´Kvãe ßh~Jr \jq 2 hvKoT 2 KasKu~j cuJr mq~ TPrS @PoKrTJ mqgt yP~PZÇ FT\j xJPmT KmsKav ßxjJ ßvJTJft TP£ muPuj, @lVJj ßxjJ S kMKuPvr \jq 20 mZr ßhyrãL KyPxPm KjP~JK\f gJTJr kr @oJPhrS mftoJj Im˙Jr oPfJA oPj yP~KZuÇ pMÜrJÓs ArJKT ßxjJPhr k´KvKãf TrJr krS FUjTJr oPfJ FTA irPjr k´Kf±Kj ßvJjJ ßVPZÇ oxMPu hJP~Pvr UMm ToxÄUqT ßpJ≠Jr TJPZ oJKTtj ßxjJrJ yJS~J yP~ KVP~KZuÇ hJK~fôvLufJr xJPg iLPr iLPr @lVJKj˜Jj ßgPT ßmKrP~ @xJr kKrmPft Ifq∂ hs∆ffJr xJPg oJKTtj ßxjJ S IjqPhr ßmr TPr KjP~ @xJr hJ~ myj TrPmj ßk´KxPc≤ mJAPcjÇ FnJPm oJKTtj ßxjJ k´fqJyJPrr k´P~J\j yPfJ jJÇ 2022 xJPur oiqmftL KjmtJYPj \~uJPnr \jqA y~PfJ Inq∂rLe

KyxJm-KjTJv ßgPTA F irPjr Kx≠J∂ KjP~PZ mJAPcj k´vJxjÇ pJ ßyJT jJ ßTj, mJAPcPjr Kfj\j kNmxt KN rr ßTC FPT IkrPT ßhJwJPrJk TPr kJKuP~ ßpPf kJrPmj jJÇ @lVJj mqgtfJ 2021 xJPu ÊÀ y~KjÇ k´Tf í kPã FaJ FojKT 2001 xJPuS ÊÀ y~KjÇ FaJ KT Foj pM≠ ßpaJ ÊÀ TrJr @PVA krJ\~ ImiJKrf KZu? IPjT KyxJm-KjTJPvA ßhUJ pJ~, mMv mqgt yP~PZjÇ @lVJj kKrK˙Kf pUj FTKa xoJiJPj ßkRÅZJ ßgPT IPjT hNPr KZu fUj ßTmu kJvJkJKv ArJT @V´JxPjr kanNKoA ‰fKr TrJ y~Kj, mrÄ IPjPTr oPf mMv fUj ArJPT kNet @V´Jxj ÊÀ TPrKZPujÇ fJrJ oPj TPrj, fJr CKYf KZu fUj ArJPTr KTZM uãqm˜MPf ßZJ¢ kKrxPr xJoKrT yJouJ YJuJPjJÇ SmJoJ @lVJKj˜JPj fJr k´KfvsKM f IjMpJ~L K˙KfvLufJ KlKrP~ @jPf mqgt yjÇ asJŒ 2020 xJPu fJPumJPjr xJPg FTKa Kmkpt~Tr vJK∂k´Kâ~J fqJV TPrKZPujÇ oJKTtj ßxjJPhr ybJ“ FmÄ KmköjTnJPm k´fqJyJPrr \jq mJrmJr ÉoKT ßh~Jr TJrPe asJŒ vJK∂k´Kâ~J mJKfu TPrKZPujÇ Imvq jJAj-APuPnPjr @PVS @lVJj jLKf mqgt y~Ç KmsPaj 200 mZr @PV @lVJKj˜Jj ßgPT mqgtfJr VäJKj KjP~ KlPr KVP~KZuÇ S~JKvÄaj KTnJPm @PVr Im˙J~ KlPr ßpPf t JPm ßp fJPhr kJPr? pMÜrJÓs @lVJKj˜JPj xŒNen yJf ßiRf TPrPZ ßxaJ k´u…

M TrJr \jq yPf kJPrÇ KmPvwnJPm, pMÜrJPÓsr mftoJj ofJof \KrkPT ßTªs TPr FaJ TrJ yP~PZÇ KT∂á FaJ KbT y~KjÇ fJPumJj @lVJKj˜JPjr ãofJ hUu TrJr kr pMÜrJÓs y~PfJ TPbJr híKÓnKñ V´ye TrPf kJPrÇ fJPumJjPT KmKòjú TrJ mJ FTWPr TPr rJUJaJ fJPhr \jq ßTJPjJ AxMq yPm jJÇ TJre, pMÜrJÓs S fJr Ko©rJ pJA TÀT jJ ßTj, fJPumJjPT xŒNen t JPm TUPjJ KmKòjú TPr rJUJ pJPm jJÇ fJPhr Ko© @PZÇ pMÜrJÓs xyJ~fJhJPjr \jq fJPumJPjr TJZ ßgPT @lVJKj˜JjPT

fJPumJjrJ KjP\Phr KmP\fJr oPfJ nJmPf ÊÀ TPrPZÇ fJA fJrJ kKÁoJPhr hJKmr TJPZ jKf ˝LTJr TrPm jJÇ ßTj fJrJ ßxaJ TrPm? FojKT pMÜrJÓsPT @mJr Kmmsf TrJr \jq hJP~v S @u TJP~hJ ßxUJPj WÅJKa ˙JkPjr \jq ßYJU rJUPmÇ fJPumJj y~PfJ fJPhr TJPZ FA IkoJPjr TgJ I˝LTJr TrPf kJPrÇ KT∂á fJrJ \JPj, nKmwqPf @PuJYjJr \jq FaJPT TJct KyPxPm mqmyJr TrJ pJPmÇ xπJxLPhr k´KvãehJPjr WÅJKa KyPxPm mqmÂf yPf jJ ßh~Jxy KTZM KjÁ~fJ kJS~Jr ßYÓJ TrPf kJPrÇ fJPumJjrJ KjP\Phr KmP\fJr oPfJ nJmPf ÊÀ TPrPZÇ fJA fJrJ kKÁoJPhr hJKmr TJPZ jKf ˝LTJr TrPm jJÇ ßTj fJrJ ßxaJ TrPm? FojKT pMÜrJÓsPT @mJr Kmmsf TrJr \jq hJP~v S @u TJP~hJ ßxUJPj WÅJKa ˙JkPjr \jq ßYJU rJUPmÇ fJPumJj y~PfJ fJPhr TJPZ FA IkoJPjr TgJ I˝LTJr TrPf kJPrÇ KT∂á fJrJ \JPj, nKmwqPf @PuJYjJr \jq FaJPT TJct KyPxPm mqmyJr TrJ pJPmÇ KÆfL~f, pMÜrJPÓsr Ko©rJ y~PfJ S~JKvÄaPjr xJPg fJPhr xŒTtPT kMjotu N qJ~j 10 kOÔJ~

18

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03 - 09 September 2021

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03 - 09 September 2021

WHERE DO THE TALIBAN GET THEIR MONEY AND WEAPONS FROM?

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Continued from page ➠ Back model; in other words, it earns the bulk of its funds from the people and businesses in areas that it controls,” Tom Keatinge, Director of the Centre for Financial Crime and Security Studies at the Royal United Services Institute in London, told The Independent.

It remains almost impossible to project precisely how much the Taliban raise every year. However, according to a recent UN report, the group manage to collect from £220 million to £1.17 billion every year. The most well-documented source of income for the Taliban is the trade of opium hashish, methamphetamines and other narcotics. “The Taliban have a very diverse portfolio in criminal enterprise and ‘front companies’. The primary source is narcotics, both heroin and synthetic drugs,” said Sajjan Gohel, international security director at the Asia-Pacific Foundation and a visiting teacher at the London School of Economics in London.

The Taliban earns the bulk of its funds from the people and businesses in areas that it controls For years, Afghanistan provided around 84 per cent of the global opium production, according to the UN World Drug Report 2020. Taliban commanders have imposed a tax over every stage of opium’s production, transportation and selling. The Taliban designed a tax system in the areas under its control, including companies, shopkeepers, trucks using motorways and international aid projects. They also collect a 10 percent “Ushur” Islamic tax and a 2.5 percent “Zakat” – the Islamic annual tax on wealth.

Last year, a classified Nato report published by Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty cited a senior Taliban figure, Mullah Yaqoob, as estimating the group took around £117 million in taxes. “We use the term taxation here, but what we really mean is extortion… This is not a normal taxation system - it is much more like a racketeering enterprise,” Laurel Miller, director of the Asia programme at the International Crisis Group, told BBC Radio 4’s The Briefing Room.

Asked about the sources of the Taliban's massive amounts of arms, she said: “Afghanistan is a place, after decades of war, awash in weapons. It is not difficult to get weapons.” But the highest Taliban income comes from moving legal

goods, such as fuel, food, medicine and essentials, through border crossings and customs. Last month, the Afghan Finance Ministry spokesman Rafiullah Tabeh said that the previous government generated an estimated £66.5 million worth of revenue through customs until May. But as the Taliban rampage went on, more key border crossings have fallen. The government revenues in June, therefore, plummeted to £41.5 million.

A Taliban spokesperson said that the routine work of the US-built Sher Khan Bandar border crossing, a crucial gateway to Tajikistan in Kunduz Province, will continue as before: “the reason is that we don’t want to create problems for businessmen, for traders, for common people”. Official figures showed that more than £1.46 billion in trade passed through the three Afghan border crossings with Iran last year. However, a study by the Overseas Development Institute said that informal trade would make this figure twice as high.

“Drug trafficking and border crossings will continue to be the main income source for the Taliban, but as they are taking control of most of Afghanistan, the Taliban will want to exploit and cultivate the nation’s natural mineral resources,” Gohel noted.

“It will be looking for partners to help in this, and China and Pakistan are the most likely suitors to support them in this,” he said.

Mining has also been a prime source of income for the group. The UN report, and NATO, estimate that the Taliban generated nearly £340 million from the mining sector every year.

But other countries wouldn’t help the Taliban through trade or boosting the mining sector only, but their support includes direct funding as well.

The US and its allies have long accused specific countries, such as Pakistan, Iran and Russia, of funding and arming the radical group and providing a safe haven for Taliban leaders. These countries vehemently deny

these accusations.

Nonetheless, experts have repeated that individuals from Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and other Gulf countries can be considered a lucrative source of funds for the Taliban. The BBC has estimated that charitable contributions by these individuals could be as much as £365m a year. “The Taliban will continue to rely on their networks in Pakistan as that is their primary route and source of incoming revenue,” Gohel told The Independent. But after their stunning takeover of Kabul last weekend, the Taliban now face the precarious situation of dealing with the crumbling Afghan economy, which was kept on life support by foreign aid. The World Bank has confirmed that foreign powers cover almost 75 per cent of the Afghan government spending by sending nearly £3 billion to Kabul every year.

Despite the shambolic economic situation, the Taliban’s control over the whole country would likely boost their coffers and provide greater financial autonomy from their foreign patrons. “Any organisation like the Taliban will want to limit its financial vulnerability, so it will maximise the extent to which it can fund its activities from resources within its control,” Keatinge said. “However, it will be worth watching which foreign governments are sympathetic towards them, recognise their legitimacy and, potentially, develop trade or other economic ties with the new regime.”

International legitimacy seems to have become the ultimate goal for any future Taliban government. In addition to allowing Taliban officials to participate in international meetings with world leaders, it would guarantee the flow of international aid, which is essential to prop up their rule. The group’s commanders have been out of government for 20 years and many of them may have lost touch with governing the daily life of a nation in despair. The new

reality will require additional funds as the group seeks to win the hearts and minds of the highly sceptical Afghans.

“There is a potential risk for the Taliban, however, which is that they are no longer opposing the national government; they are – in effect – the national government, and thus this requires them to fund and maintain many of the services the previous government provided,” Keatinge said.

The Taliban will continue to rely on their networks in Pakistan as that is their primary route and source of incoming revenue This is the ultimate test facing the western powers who have taken part in ousting the previous Taliban regime. In the US, for example, about $7 billion of the Afghan central bank’s $9 billion in foreign reserves are still being held by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, according to the former acting governor of the Afghan central bank.

The Biden administration has already vowed to block access to these funds.

The International Monetary Fund also said it would withhold more than $400 million, previously scheduled to be sent to Afghanistan. “I fear that in all of this, those that will suffer will be those that have relied on international humanitarian funds – this could be the lasting legacy of the collapse of the Afghan government in the past week,” Keatinge said.

“The international community is now in a bind. They must not recognise or legitimise the Taliban militia and continue to find ways to cut off their clandestine funding streams as that can contribute to funding terrorism,” Gohel told The independent. “There is also a need to continue to enable UN organisations and NGOs to work at a grassroots level to ensure humanitarian support is sustained in Afghanistan,” he added “The people of Afghanistan must not fall victim to the mercy of the Taliban.”

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03 - 09 September 2021

What is the difference between the Taliban and Isis?

Continued from page ➠ Back the Islamic State-Khorasan Province (ISKP) in Afghanistan at a time when it was first seeking to extend its geographical reach beyond Iraq and Syria.

The Taliban first came to prominence in 1994 during the Afghan Civil War, its ranks composed largely of students from which the group derives its name in Pashto - many of whom had been mujahideen resistance fighters who had battled occupation by the Soviet Union in the 1980s. A Deobandi fundamentalist Islamist movement originating in the Pashtun areas of eastern and southern Afghanistan and in northern Pakistan, the Taliban was led by Mullah Mohammed Omar and conquered first the province of Herat and then the whole country by September 1996, overthrowing the Burhanuddin Rabbani regime, establishing the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan and making Kandahar the capital.

Its tyrannical rule, marked by the massacre of opponents, the denial of UN food supplies to starving citizens and the oppression of women, was brought to an abrupt end by US-led coalition forces in December 2001 in

retaliation for Osama Bin Laden’s devastating al-Qaeda terror strike on the World Trade Center in New York City, which killed 2,996 people and left 25,000 injured. Since then, Taliban fighters have regrouped as an insurgency and continued to battle to retake Afghanistan from US peacekeeping forces ever since.

Isis meanwhile was first formed by Jordanian jihadist Abu Musab alZarqawi in 1999 before rising to global prominence when it drove Iraqi forces out of key cities in the west of the country in 2014 - having declared itself a worldwide caliphate - and later conquered swathes of eastern Syria before ultimately surrendering Mosul and Raqqa in 2017 when international forces intervened. It established the ISKP in the Nangarhar Province of eastern Afghanistan in January 2015, actively recruiting defectors from the Taliban, in particular those who were discontented with their own leadership’s lack of success on the battlefield.

How have their respective factions interacted?

The formation of ISKP prompted Taliban leader Mullah Akhtar Mohammad Mansour to write a letter to his Isis counterpart, Abu Bakr alBaghdadi, calling on him to abandon his recruitment drive of the disaffected and arguing that any war for their comparable cause in Afghanistan should be carried out under Taliban leadership.

Fighting duly broke out between the

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two sides that June 2015 and between two separate factions of the Taliban in the Zabul Province that November over whether or not to join forces with Isis.

More battles erupted in April 2017 when ISKP captured three drug dealers selling opium to raise funds for the Taliban in the northern Afghan province of Jowzjan and again in May 2017 when 22 militants were killed in clashes between the two sides along the Iranian border. The Taliban launched an offensive to clear Isis out of Jowzjan the following summer, with the the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan joining in on the latter’s side, as up to 7,000 people were displaced from their homes.

That July’s conflict ended in a significant defeat for ISKP, who suffered further setbacks in skirmishes the following year before being almost entirely eradicated by the US and the Afghan military in late 2019, although the Council for Foreign Relations estimates that there are still 2,200 members of ISKP still active in Afghanistan.

In February 2020, the Donald Trump administration signed its dubious peace accord with the Taliban in Doha, Qatar, which saw the latter group pledge to keep other Islamist extremists, including Isis, out of the country.

Why are we asking this now?

Afghanistan is again in a state of turmoil after the Taliban recaptured the capital city of Kabul on Sunday, declaring the country an Islamic Emirate once more after president Ashraf Ghani abandoned the presidential palace and fled to Tajikistan. The operation followed swiftly on from the withdrawal of American troops from the country last month at the order of US president Joe Biden, their exit coming almost 20 years after the US military drove the same faction out of Kabul at the outset of George W Bush’s War on Terror in response to 9/11.

Biden expressed his determination not to hand the responsibility for policing Afghanistan on to a fifth commanderin-chief following the completion of his own tenure in the White House and trusted in the Afghan military, in whom the US had invested almost $1trn over two decades, to keep the Taliban at bay.

“The fact of the matter is we’ve seen that that force has been unable to defend the country... and that has happened more quickly than we anticipated,” US secretary of state Anthony Blinken lamented on Sunday.

Amid the chaotic scenes in Kabul as people fled for the airports was the alarming sight of 5,000 escaped prisoners walking free from the Pul-eCharki prison on Bagram air base, occupied by the Americans until recently, with alleged Isis and al-Qaeda fighters present among their number.

Speaking on NPR’s All Things Considered last week, former US defence secretary Leon Panetta gave this blunt assessment of the disaster unfolding: “The Taliban are terrorists, and they’re going to support terrorists.

If they take control of Afghanistan, there is no question in my mind that they will provide a safe haven for alQaeda, for Isis and for terrorism in general. And that constitutes, frankly, a national security threat to the United States.”

No 10 to press on with plans for Covid vaccine passports Continued from page ➠ Back on Tuesday about reports suggesting ministers could back away from the proposal in the face of objections from Conservative MPs, but said there was no change to the policy. “We set out broadly our intention to require vaccination for nightclubs and some other settings. We will be coming forward in the coming weeks with details for that,” he said.

The requirement is meant to come into effect at the end of September and will be based on use of the existing NHS app, which allows users to generate proof of vaccination. Asked whether the prime minister remained 100% committed to the plan, the spokesperson said “yes, there is no change in our position”. Johnson first put forward the idea in July, days after clubs and other venues were allowed to reopen. He said: “We are planning to make full vaccination the condition of entry to nightclubs and other venues where large crowds gather.

Proof of a negative test will no longer be sufficient.”

At the time, keen to encourage young people to get the jab, the government even refused to deny that pubs and other venues could be included; but Johnson’s spokesperson said there were now “no plans” to expand it to other venues. Ministers hoped barring vaccine sceptics from busy nightspots would help to increase vaccine uptake among young people, but the plan prompted a backlash from Conservative backbenchers concerned about the impact on civil liberties.

Labour has also expressed concerns, suggesting a system that included Covid testing alongside vaccination would be a better approach, since fully vaccinated individuals can still catch and pass on the virus. If Keir Starmer’s party declined to support the vaccine passports plan, the government could face defeat in the House of Commons, with some Tory rebels suggesting up to 40 colleagues would be willing to vote against it.

Some backbenchers have also suggested they could boycott the Conservative party conference in October if vaccination is made a condition of entry.

The government has been targeting adverts and other media at young people over the summer, stressing the importance of the vaccine in returning life to normal. Johnson’s spokesperson said: “We continue to see good uptake amongst young people; we recognise there’s more to do, and that’s why we have targeted campaigns specifically aimed at that age group”. Ministers are braced for infection rates to rise in the coming weeks as children return to school and more office workers go back to their desks.

News

03 - 09 September 2021

Morale boost given to terrorists, the world over by Afghan withdrawal Continued from page ➠ Back “very difficult to define the moment” when hostilities truly cease. Sometimes it is impossible. President Biden announced a formal end to the conflict that George W Bush launched with Operation Enduring Freedom on October 7, 2001. “The past 17 days have seen our troops execute the largest airlift in US history,” he said. “Now, our 20-year military presence in Afghanistan has ended.” But has it ended — or is it simply a furlough?

There are at least 250 Americans still seeking evacuation from Kabul and tens of thousands of Afghans potentially in mortal danger from the new regime because of their association with the US military, media and NGOs. As for Britain’s position in this geopolitical fiasco, Boris Johnson conceded on Sunday that “we would not have wished to leave in this way”.

Add up the remaining UK nationals, those Afghans still formally seeking evacuation under the Afghan Relocations and Assistance Policy (Arap) and the many more who are now at risk because of their association with the former British contingent, and you quickly reach a total of about 7,000 who should be on our collective conscience and exfiltrated by any means necessary, as soon as possible.

Yesterday, the UN Security Council called in its silken prose for the Taliban to allow “safe passage” for those still seeking to leave Afghanistan.

Emmanuel Macron, the French president, has proposed the creation of

a UN-monitored secure zone at Kabul airport to facilitate this process. But as the Foreign Office minister James Cleverly observed yesterday on the BBC’s Today programme, “certain options are made difficult, perhaps even impossible, without a significant military deployment on the ground”.

There has been no shortage of warm words from the Taliban about the safe exit of those left behind. But this rhetoric is very much at odds with reports of door-to-door house searches, intimidation and manhunts for suspected collaborators with the West.

As ministers and UN officials busy themselves with lofty statements, a makeshift network of supremely courageous individuals — campaigners, ex-diplomats, contractors and journalists — is emerging to give covert assistance to those Afghans seeking sanctuary: the so-called “Underground Railroad” of the Kabul crisis.

Biden’s brash declaration of closure is further undermined by the global security implications of the rushed US withdrawal. Yesterday, US General Kenneth McKenzie said there were already about 2,000 “hard-core” IS fighters in the field in Afghanistan. To this (probably conservative) estimate, one should add the hundreds of highvalue al Qaeda terrorists released by the Taliban from the prison at Bagram Air Base on August 15.

It is hard to exaggerate what a morale boost this will represent to the jihadis of the world, from the most organised guerrilla units to the DIY loners. Tobias Ellwood, Conservative chairman of the Commons defence committee, was quite right to warn on Sunday that terrorism “will raise its ugly face again” as a consequence of this withdrawal; as was Colonel Richard Kemp, former commander of British troops in Afghanistan, in his bleak assessment that the UK faced “the greatest danger from terrorism since Islamic State at its height”.

It is a dangerous delusion to imagine, in our interdependent, interconnected world, that an act of withdrawal such as this one marks an ending of any sort.

To study the past 30 years of the fight against Islamist terror is to grasp that jihadis prey on weakness and relish any

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sign that the West is in retreat. Another lesson is that Afghanistan has long been and still is central to that global struggle. It is the sanctuary, training ground and haven of worldwide jihadism. The one certainty in this awful quagmire is that we will be back

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TALIBAN CELEBRATES US EXIT AS RAAB DENIES PENTAGON LEAK BLAMING UK OVER BOMB Continued from page ➠ Back evacuation plans.

Leaked documents claim US soldiers kept Abbey Gate open longer than they wanted to allow British troops to speed up their work. Speaking to Sky News, the British foreign secretary said this version of events was “just not true”.

Key Points ❚ Last US soldier leaves Afghanistan ❚ Raab denies UK evacuation plan increased risk of Kabul airport attack ❚ RAF could strike Isis-K targets in Afghanistan ❚ Thousands of Afghans face ‘ruin’, says former defence staff chief Military action in Afghanistan led to ‘real gains’, claims foreign secretary It is too early to say whether the UK will work with the Taliban against Islamic State in Afghanistan, Downing Street has said. A prime minister’s spokesperson said such cooperation would depend on whether the Taliban respected human rights. “At this stage it is too early to dictate if and how we would work with the Taliban going forward. A lot will depend on their actions from now. As we have said throughout, we intend to put pressure on them to uphold these standards and claims,” they said.

Former British soldier plots escape with 400 Afghans A former British soldier plans to flee Afghanistan with hundreds of Afghans - including his staff - after crossing Taliban-controlled land. Ben Slater, 37, did not receive the necessary visas for the group to leave by air evacuation. He told the Daily Telegraph that he was “massively let down” by the British government, adding his hope that the Foreign Office will speak to officials in their destination country before their arrival.

UK to increase staff numbers in countries neighbouring Afghanistan The UK is increasing staff numbers in the countries bordering Afghanistan to help with evacuations, Downing Street has said. Exact numbers have yet to be given. Announcing the move on Tuesday, Boris Johnson’s spokesperson said: “We are beefing up the number of staff in neighbouring countries, Foreign Office and other staff, to support that. “That’s something that we’re in the process of arranging, these surge staff.”

Pakistan calls on international community to prevent ‘economic collapse’ in Afghanistan The world should prevent an “economic collapse” in Afghanistan following the Taliban’s takeover, Pakistan’s foreign minister has said.

Speaking at a joint press conference with his German counterpart, Shah

Mahmood Qureshi told the international community it should remain engaged with Afghanistan at this “pivotal moment” in its history.He added that his country did not have the resources to accommodate more refugees, having hosted more than 3 million Afghans over the last few decades.

US embassy in Kabul suspends operations 'indefinitely' The US has closed its embassy in Kabul “indefinitely” after withdrawing its final troops from Afghanistan.

"While the US government has withdrawn its personnel from Kabul, we will continue to assist US citizens and their families in Afghanistan from Doha, Qatar,” the embassy said on its website.

Up to 40,000 left in Afghanistan with right to German residency, says Merkel There could be as many as 40,000 Afghans who still have the right to be evacuated to Germany, Angela Merkel has said. The chancellor admitted that many local allies who worked for German development organisations remain in Afghanistan. She told reporters on Tuesday: “For us the focus at the moment is local staff and that’s not 300 people, that’s probably more like 10-40,000 people, and we will have to see how many of them want to leave the country and how many not. “As we’ve seen, nobody takes the decision to leave their home lightly.”

Government to answer unread emails about trapped Afghans ‘within days' The government will answer all unread emails about people with ties to Britain who remain trapped in Afghanistan “within days”, foreign secretary Dominic Raab has promised.

Around 9,000 people who were eligible to escape due to their work with British officials were not able to leave, according to reports. “We will go over all of those emails [and] make sure they’re properly answered in days,” Mr Raab told Sky News.

Afghan refugee, 6, to have liver transplant after eating poisonous mushrooms in Poland Doctors in Poland will perform a liver transplant on a 6-year-old Afghan refugee after he and his family ate poisonous mushrooms shortly after their arrival in the country. His 5-yearold brother remains in a coma, while their 17-year-old sister and other family members are in a stable condition. The family found the death cap mushrooms in the woods near the refugee centre where they are staying in Podkowa Lesna. The father worked for the British in Afghanistan and his family was evacuated by Poland at the UK’s request.

No future for women in Afghanistan, says exiled Afghan football player National Afghanistan football player Fanoos Basir fled her home country because she did not see a future under Taliban rule.She is now at a refugee reception centre in France. “We had lots of dreams for our country, for our future, for the future of women in Afghanistan,” she told Reuters. “This was our nightmare, that the Taliban would come and capture all of Afghanistan. There is no future for women... for now.”

Eight Taliban fighters killed in Panjshir, says opposition group Eight Taliban fighters were killed and a similar number were wounded in fighting in Panjshir valley, an opposition group has claimed. The area north of Kabul is the only place in Afghanistan to remain outside of Taliban control, after its fighters swept across the country in August. A spokesperson for the National Resistance Forces (NRF) said the Taliban had attacked their western positions on Monday night but had been repulsed. The NRF forces are loyal to Ahmad Massoud, whose father was a anti-Soviet mujahideen commander killed by al-Qaeda.

Raab denies showing ‘no interest’ in taking calls from Pakistani and Afghan ministers Foreign secretary Dominic Raab has hit out at claims that he showed “no interest” in speaking to Afghan and Pakistan ministers in the months before the evacuation from Kabul. The allegations were made by an unnamed Pakistani official and were published in the Sunday Times. The government worker told the paper that Mr Raab considered Afghanistan “yesterday’s war”. In response, the foreign secretary told Sky News: “Anyone that is toddling off to the Sunday Times or any other newspaper at a time of crisis, including the evacuation which has been two weeks running, giving buck-passing briefings either at me or the FCDO is, frankly, not credible and it is deeply irresponsible.” He added that he had spoken to Pakistani foreign minister Shah Mahmood Qureshi “more intensively given the evacuation”.

However, he was unable to name times before August in which he had conversations with his counterparts in Pakistan and Afghanistan.

Taliban fighters enter hangar of abandoned US helicopters The Taliban entered a hangar of abandoned US helicopters at Kabul airport after western troops withdrew from Afghanistan on Monday night.

Before they departed, the American military “disabled” scores of aircraft.

Republican congressman Jim Banks, who served in Afghanistan, said the Taliban now has access to $85 billion

worth US weapons, 75,000 vehicles, 200 planes and helicopters, as well as 600,000 small arms and light weapons. “They have more Black Hawk helicopters than 85 percent of the countries in the world,” Mr Banks warned.

Can the Taliban keep control?

For those who missed it, here’s our international correspondent Borzou Daragahi with a piece on the Taliban’s “network of eyes” in Afghanistan. He examines how the militant group swept to power so easily and whether they will manage to retain it: Thousands of Afghans face ‘ruin’, says former defence staff chief Thousands of Afghans now face “ruin” rather than “hope”, a former chief of the British defence staff has said. Speaking to BBC Breakfast, Lord David Richards said: “A lot of lives have been lost, not just British service lives, also many Afghans, and hundreds of thousands of Afghan lives are now facing ruin when they had some hope. “I’m afraid our political leadership, and in particular president Biden over the last six months, have let those people down, us and the Afghans.” He added that the withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan was far from successful, saying that those who denied this “should start writing novels”.

Taliban to form government ‘within days’, says Pakistan’s foreign minister The Taliban will form a government within days, Pakistan’s foreign minister has said. Shah Mehmood Qureshi told reporters on Tuesday: “We expect that a consensus government will be formed in the coming days in Afghanistan.” This comes after two weeks of uncertainty, following the fall of Kabul on 15 August.

Biden to blame for terror attack, says Duncan Smith Joe Biden is responsible for the decisions which led to the suicide bombing at Kabul airport, a former Tory leader has said. Iain Duncan Smith told LBC: “President Biden was responsible for those decisions which, I believe, were critical in the course of the events that we’ve seen unfolding.

“I do think now to attempt to try and brief against the UK on the suicide bombing is reprehensible really, because, you know, if the American government or the American military were very serious about shutting the gates, they would have shut the gates.

“I think this idea that it was down to the idea that the British were begging them to keep them open, I think is a little bit mean-spirited on them and probably wrong.”

Raab denies UK evacuation plan page 23

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03 - 09 September 2021

TALIBAN CELEBRATES US EXIT AS RAAB DENIES PENTAGON LEAK BLAMING UK OVER BOMB Continued from page ➠ 22 increased risk of Kabul airport attack The UK’s evacuation plan at Kabul airport did not increase the likelihood of last Thursday’s terrorist attack, Dominic Raab has said. Hundreds of Afghans, 13 US soldiers and several Britons died in the Isis suicide bombing by Abbey Gate. A Politico report on Monday suggested the American troops kept it open for longer than they wanted to help Britain with its evacuations. “We got our civilian stuff out of the processing centre by Abbey Gate, but it’s just not true to suggest that, other than securing our civilian staff inside the airport, that we were pushing to leave the gate open,” Mr Raab said.

American withdrawal from Kabul one of worst ‘foreign security blunders’ in decades, says former vice chief of staff The US withdrawal from Afghanistan is one of the country's “most serious foreign security blunders” in the past 40 years, a former vice chief of staff has said. General Jack Keane told the BBC Radio 4’s Today programme that it was “unforgivable” that the US allowed a “terrorist organisation” to

take power, putting hundreds of Americans and tens of thousands of Afghans at risk. “I understand nobody expected the regime in Afghanistan to collapse this quickly but why wouldn’t we change the date we get out? I can’t identify with what we have just done. I’m ashamed of it.

It’s a fundamental betrayal,” he added.

Hundreds of Britons remain in Afghanistan Roughly several hundred British nationals remain in Afghanistan, the foreign secretary has confirmed. "I know that the number of UK nationals, the particular responsibility of the Foreign Office, is now down at a very low level...low hundreds given that we took in total 5,000 out," Dominic Raab said. The US has admitted that several hundred Americans who wanted to leave Afghanistan are stranded there.

RAF could strike Isis-K targets in Afghanistan The RAF could launch strikes against Isis-K in Afghanistan, an air chief marshal has said. Speaking to the Daily Telegraph, Sir Mike Wigston said the British military would work to root out terrorism anywhere in the world. “Ultimately what this boils down to is that we’ve got to be able to play a global role in the global coalition to defeat Daesh, whether it’s strike, or whether it’s moving troops or equipment into a particular country, at scale and at speed. “If there’s an opportunity for us to

contribute I am in no doubt that we will be ready to - that will be anywhere where violent extremism raises its head, and is a direct or indirect threat to the UK and our allies.” His comments come as the US and its western allies left Afghanistan after 20 years of military operations there.

Military action in Afghanistan led to ‘real gains’, claims Raab The UK’s military involvement in Afghanistan led to “real, tangible gains” for the Afghan people, foreign secretary Dominic Raab has claimed.

The minister told Sky News that 10 million more children are now in education and fewer women are dying in pregnancy or childbirth. “So there were real, tangible gains for all that sacrifice.

Of course, now the focus is to recognise the new reality, learn the lessons of course from it but also focus on what we can do going forward,” he said.

The end of Afghanistan’s bitter war The US has withdrawn from Afghanistan after two decades of military presence in the country. Our defence editor Kim Sengupta, who has been reporting from Kabul in recent weeks, reflects on the west’s failures and looks at the uncertain future facing Afghans.

Last US soldier leaves Afghanistan The Pentagon tweeted a photo of Major General Christopher Donahue and identified him as the final US

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soldier to leave Afghanistan. A handout provided by the US Central Command shows Maj Gen Donahue boarding the plane, which also carried Ross Wilson, the ambassador to Afghanistan. Maj Gen Donahue is the commander of the 82nd Airborne Division, XVIII Airborne Corps, the US Central Command said. This marked the end of what many say has been a humiliating exit for the US and its NATO allies after 20 years in a war that took the lives of more than 240,000 Afghans and nearly 2,500 US troops.

Taliban celebrate ‘complete independence' as last US troops leave Kabul Marking the exit of the US troops and “complete independence,” celebratory gunfire rang throughout Kabul as the Taliban took over the city’s airport on Tuesday. In a video clip, the Taliban were also seen entering the airport after the last US troops left Kabul before midnight, ending evacuation operations and culminating the US’s 20-year presence in the country. “The last US soldier has left Kabul airport and our country gained complete independence,” Qari Yusuf, the Taliban spokesperson said. The US’s longest war killed an estimated 240,000 Afghans, 2,500 of their soldiers and cost nearly $2 trillion.

“Now, our 20-year military presence in Afghanistan has ended,” US president Joe Biden said in a statement. He also thanked the US military for carrying out evacuations.

Taliban in full control of Kabul airport Continued from page ➠ Back two weeks to the group's plans for the transport hub.

What next for Kabul's airport? One will have to wait and see. Immediately, after the final departure of the Americans, the Taliban took over the Kabul airport and there were celebrations till late last night in the form of gun fire in the skies. Thus it is the end of any foreign occupation in Afghanistan.

The Taliban entered a hangar of abandoned US helicopters at Kabul airport after western troops withdrew from Afghanistan on Monday night. Before they departed, the American military “disabled” scores of aircraft. Republican congressman Jim Banks, who served in Afghanistan, said the Taliban now has access to $85 billion worth US weapons, 75,000 vehicles, 200 planes and helicopters, as well as 600,000 small arms and light weapons. “They have more Black Hawk helicopters than 85 percent of the countries in the world,” Mr Banks warned.

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TALIBAN CELEBRATES US EXIT AS RAAB DENIES PENTAGON LEAK BLAMING UK OVER BOMB

London 03 September : The Taliban has celebrated the end of two decades of American military involvement in Afghanistan, after the final US soldier withdrew from the country on Monday night. The hardline Islamist group

No 10 to press on with plans for Covid vaccine passports

London 03 September : Downing Street has said the government will press ahead with plans to introduce vaccine passports for nightclubs and other crowded indoor venues in England from the end of next month. Boris Johnson’s official spokesperson was asked Page ❚◗ 20

SURMA 43 Years Issue 2218

marked Afghanistan’s “complete independence” by taking over the capital’s airport and by firing celebratory gunshots into the air across the city.

03 - 09 September 2021

Taliban in full control of Kabul airport London 03 September : With the Taliban in possession of Kabul's airport after the United States completed its withdrawal on Tuesday (August 31), the focus will now shift from the mammoth Western evacuation operation seen in the past Page ❚◗ 23 The Pentagon confirmed that Major General Christopher Donahue was the final US soldier to leave Afghanistan, with a photo showing him boarding a plane on Monday evening, seconds before Joe Biden’s withdrawal

WHERE DO THE TALIBAN GET THEIR MONEY AND WEAPONS FROM?

London 03 September : The swift Taliban military onslaught that saw the militant group take over the whole of Afghanistan in a matter of weeks revealed how wealthy it has become since the ousting of its regime in 2001.

In the past two decades, the insurgents have run a state-like economy in the areas they controlled. They relied on various fundraising sources, such as drug trafficking and other criminal activities, extortion and taxes, charitable donations and foreign assistance. “The Taliban operates a classic ‘territory controlling’ financial Page ❚◗ 19

deadline of 31 August. Meanwhile, Dominic Raab has hit out at the Pentagon’s suggestion that last Thursday’s Islamic State terrorist attack was made possible by the UK’s Page ❚◗ 22

Morale boost given to terrorists, the world over

by Afghan withdrawal London 03 September : As the historian AJP Taylor warned in his book, How Wars End, conflicts tend to conclude “raggedly”. In spite of all the grand declarations of closure and finality, it is Page ❚◗ 21

What is the difference between the Taliban and Isis?

London 03 September : The Taliban and Isis are both Sunni Islamist extremist groups seeking to form authoritarian states under strict Sharia law and prepared to use violence to achieve their aim. The two forces are actually enemies, however, who have fought bitterly since 2015 when Isis formed Page ❚◗ 20

CHIEF EDITOR: Farid Ahmed Reza ❚ EDITOR: Shamsul Alam Liton ❚ Managing Director: Md. Emadur Rahman

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