26 HTE
wide n in g o f th e ga p be twe e n th e euro zone unemp loyment rate and th e average O ECD rate sin ce th e onset of the crisis in 2 0 0 8 , of over four p ercentage p oints. And within Europe, the divergence of European un e m p lo ym e n t ra te s co n tin ue s: o ve ra ll, th e un e m p lo ym e n t ra te increased in 1 7 Member States and fe ll in 1 0 o ve r th e la st ye a rTh e Euro p e a n Re structurin g Mo n ito r (ERM) quarterly recorded a total of 3 4 7 cases of restructuring between 1 April and 3 0 June 2 0 1 3 . Of these, 2 1 0 we r e ca se s o f a n n o u n ce d restructuring involving job loss, 1 3 2 were cases involving announced job creation and 5 were cases involving bo th jo b lo sse s a n d jo b cre a tio n . T h e se ca se s ge n e r a te d 7 0 , 6 0 8 announced job losses and 4 5 ,9 6 8 announced job gains. Manufacturing exp erienced the most restructuring activity, both in terms of announced job gains and job losses. It accounted fo r o ve r 4 5 % o f to ta l a n n o un ce d jo b lo sse s, a n d 3 7 % o f to ta l jo b gains. The largest single case of job loss recorded in the quarter involved the announced closure of Greek p ublic te le visio n a n d ra dio bro a dca ste r, H ellenic Broadcasting Corp oration (ERT), wh ich will re sult in 2 ,9 0 2 jo b lo sse s. Ge rm a n m ultin a tio n a l S ie m e n s a n n o un ce d th e lo ss o f 2 ,9 0 0 jobs in its industry divisions in Germany due to falling demand. It p la n s to clo se two o f its fo ur mechanical drives factories, resulting in 5 0 0 job losses, and will offshore 2 0 0 a dditio n a l jo bs to th e Cze ch Re p ublic. In te rm s o f ge o gra p h ic distribution, Germany recorded the highest num ber of announced job losses, at 1 4 ,0 5 4 jobs, followed by Fra n ce (8 , 8 2 8 ), th e UK (8 , 3 7 2 ), Austria (5 ,9 2 5 ) an d Italy (5 ,8 3 1 ). P o la n d (with 7 ,7 1 7 jo bs) a n d th e U K (wit h 7 , 2 5 8 ) r e co r d e d t h e h ig h e st n u m b e r s o f n e w jo b s, fo llo w e d b y F r a n c e (6 , 4 5 9 ), Ro m a n ia (5 , 4 0 4 ) a n d G e rm a n y (4 ,7 4 5 ). Se p te m b e r 2013