CLN Magazine | Jun-Sep 2017 by Control Logic

issue 08

control logic news

JUNE-SEPTEMBER 2017

onlinerts spetoting b

soolawr erss pprogre sizing a

VSD

best trips

+more IN JULY

the coolest gadgets

shower beer

the latest products

eeffffiicient

ppo wer SMALL DIFFERENCES GREAT SAVINGS

& regular features in-the-know whoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s who sport escape

opening

minds

the industrial app economy is here Control Logic delivers freedom in the form of Predix from GE. This unique platform leverages the power of the “Global Brain” by distributing and connecting the intelligence of people around the world.

optimise asset & process performance

maximise productivity generate revenue opportunities customise your future

Open your mind to a new way of thinking. Just like an app store, you’ll have the ability to design, create or exchange value and data freely to develop apps specific for your needs – even tap into new revenue streams. Whether you’re a system integrator, OEM or end user, you’ll be part of a growing app community. The sky really is the limit and the changes and speed of innovation will be ground-breaking.

FUTURE TECHNOLOGY, HERE TODAY. for more information call 1800 557 705 or email sales@control-logic.com.au

www.control-logic.com.au

industrial. electrical. automation.

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

PSC1

platform

powerful efficiency

he idea of power and power efficiency is evolving as quickly as technology allows. For many businesses, reducing electricity bills has become a vital strategy for continued growth and improved profits. Power supply manufacturer PULS are no stranger in this quest for efficiency and currently lead the pack for reducing energy yet maximising performance.

contents

Also featuring in this issue, we have a number of handy hints and tips in various areas including surge protection, VSDs and RCDs plus a healthy dose of trending technology and equipment. Until next time.

Michael Bacon

MANAGING DIRECTOR CONTROL LOGIC

main feature 06 Powerful efficiency,

powerful performance

closer look 10 Schmersal

PSC1 Safety Controller

product brief 14 | 16 | 19 | 23 feature 12 Solar power leader 15 Lightning & surge protection 16 Sizing a VSD 22 Getting to know DNP3

: r austrraplioaw e sola R

LEADE

regular 04 In-the-know 11 Who’s who 13 #fact 14 Shutup & take my money 19 Understanding machine safety 20 Sports africasnafari 21 Sports calendar tips 24 Travel 26 The escape spread 28 Case-study 30 Tech-tip lightning & surge 31 The back page protection off-road luxe

s ce l o oe c M t et r i cA D r

iPal robot

| CONTENTS

LAND R

V R DISCO OVEE RY CLN is available to view online @ www.control-logic.com.au

CONTROL LOGIC Pty Ltd (HQ) 25 Lavarack Ave | Eagle Farm | QLD | 4009 1800 557 705 | sales@control-logic.com.au www.control-logic.com.au Terms and conditions: Images contained within CLN are for illustration purposes only. Tradenames and trademarks are proprietary to their respective owners.

Control Logic is one of Australia’s leading suppliers of industrial, electrical and automation products, services and solutions.

CLN is created by CL+ marketing & design services. For advertising or enquiries please email: marketing@control-logic.com.au

The Edge Controller by Red Lion

Robust waste-water level management The LMK 808 plastic submersible probe from BD SENSORS is perfectly suited to measuring levels in water and waste water thanks to its extremely robust capacitive ceramic sensor that requires almost no maintenance. The cable is protected in two ways, with the first housing its surge protection in a detachable probe head and secondly through a rodent resistant cable that has been designed with a steel mesh sheath to prevent damage. The LMK 808 ultimately combines measurement accuracy and long-term stability without the high levels of maintenance required.

parts, products and news you need to know about.

in the

know

This robot will take care of your kids

Red Lion’s Graphite Edge Controller is a unique solution that combines IEC 61131 control with networking and data visualisation. Designed for the harshest of environments it’s capable of operating in temperatures up to 70ºC. Unlike others on the market it offers its software for FREE, so there’s no need to purchase additional software or pay annual maintenance agreements. The solution is scalable and supports up to 25 I/O modules and over 300 communication protocols such as DNP3 with ease. This controller has it all.

Plug-in terminal blocks Klemsan have released the new StoP (Spring to Pin) terminal block that enables fast and safe testing in breakdown situations. By using the StoP terminal blocks, you can easily build your signal or power circuits with plugs and sockets. Prevent accidental mis-connections by customising pin locks to ensure the right plugs and sockets are only connected. Ask Control Logic to see a sample.

Tired of hiring those expensive and untrustworthy nannies for your kids? Meet iPal, a rolling, talking and intelligent robot that can take care of your children when you are too busy. Created by AvatarMind, this two-year-old company (based in China and the USA), has created a “full-time companion,” for your child/children, and uses an autonomous machine learning engine. iPal can remember the preferences and interests of a person while absorbing the responses and reaction of the person to improve its performance. Scarily human, it can learn up to the calibre of a 4 to 8-year-old child, and can download data from the cloud to “increase its knowledge on subjects of interest to your child.” The 3 foot tall iPal uses 25 motors and uses its four-wheeled platform to move. On board cameras take pictures and videos which can be monitored and accessed by parents on their phone. The company says iPal can take care of children aged 3 to 8 for “a couple of hours,” such as when the children are home after school but the parents are still at the office.

The world’s strongest super laser Now a world record, this high peak power laser has a 1000-watt average power output. The laser is a coventure of Britain’s Laser Facility (CLF), Czech state research and a development project called HiLASE (High average power pulsed laser). Named after a mythical Czech strongman Bivoj, it weighs around 20 tons and costs $48 million. According to the CLF and HiLASE specialists, Bivoj has potential applications in engineering, semiconductor processing, micromachining, aeronautics, automotive and power sectors.

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP‘17

| IN-THE-KNOW

These drone bees will pollinate plants artificially Bees are on the list of endangered species and if bees go extinct; so will humans. The bee population of the world is on a drastic decline, and scientists are looking at alternate ways to pollinate plants in case they become extinct. Artificially pollinating drones have been created by engineers at National Institute of Advanced Industrial STAHL IS barriers now in-stock Science and Technology (AIST), Japan. The final prototype is made of plastic on Control Logic is now stocking STAHL’s extensive range the outside and foam on the inside. The of IECEx Intrinsic Safety barriers for many signals and six sections of the drone body have holes applications - from simple isolators to highly functional underneath that suck up pollen when the drone approaches a flower, just like a vacuum. units. The ISpac isolators are inexpensive to its rivals, and is particularly easy to install. STAHL is the only When it goes to another flower, the top vents manufacturer that allows you to install all devices of the drone push air through the holes, thus, individually, in groups or in a PAC carrier. Very handy. releasing the pollen onto the flower.

Certified GE Trainer Control Logic is proud to now be a Certified GE Automation & Controls training centre. Visit the Control Logic website to view the 2017 course calendar and register online to secure your place. Get up to speed with your GE PLC with the option of undertaking the CBS-338 2-day Controller Maintenance course or the CBS-447 3-day Controller Programming course.

Switchgear for secondary distribution ABB’s SafePlus is a SF6-insulated, extendable compact switchgear system for secondary distribution. The switchgear has a unique flexibility due to its extendibility and the possible combination of fully modular and semi modular configurations. When combined with the SafeRing, which is ABBs standard ring main unit, they represent a complete solution for 12/24 kV distribution networks.

GE’s new RX3i CPE 400 The NEW PACSystems Rx3i CPE 400 is part of GE’s Industrial Internet Control System. It’s a hypervised, multicore, outcome optimising controller. Advanced functionality simplifies system architecture and provides peace of mind with built-in cyber-security technology to protect against attacks, unauthorised code updates and protect against man-inthe-middle and denial of service attacks. Easily mix and match I/O using embedded PROFINET and feel confident to receive reliable, secure communication and analytics using either cloud-based or edgebased outcome optimising apps.

Chill your drink in less than 60 seconds Waiting around for your drinks to get cold will be a thing of the past with this portable device. Chill-O-Matic claims to turn any room temperature drink can into a chilling one within 60 seconds! The plastic device uses two AA batteries and is being sold for around $15. It submerges the can in an ice bath while spinning it at high speeds. And despite the quick spin, the softdrink or beer can doesn’t lose its taste, is never fizzy and you can simply snap open the can and enjoy the chilly goodness right away!

This Japanese device will tell you when you stink

Gone are the days when you had to sniff your own armpits to check if you stink. A Japanese device ‘KunKun’ will monitor your body odour and tell you via a smartphone app if you stink. KunKun is Japanese for ‘sniff sniff.’ Developers say people can easily identify if other people stink, but are oblivious to their own stench. The device conveniently fits in a coat pocket and detects specific chemicals associated with body odors. The device doesn’t just notify when you stink; it also tells you how much you stink using a color-coded meter.

2000 litres of water purified via solar One in every ten do not have access to safe drinking water. Tenkiv, a startup company aims to transform millions of lives by solving the clean water crisis with their project Tenkiv Nexus - an entirely modular renewable energy system. Producing 2000 litres of clean water each day, Nexus uses 1/13th of the cost of a traditional solar panel, and 1/5th of that of the current systems that use fossil fuel. The Nexus units contain very few moving parts minimising the system maintenance costs significantly. One panel is all that’s required, with no chemicals. The water is vapourised by heating at 100° C for a few minutes, and then the vapours are condensed. Even when cloudy, it can produce 400 litres of purified water.

Fly and exercise in virtual reality with the ICAROS VR Now you can exercise while playing a game thanks to this astonishing Virtual Reality device called ICAROS. It is a piece of exercise equipment which simulates flying in VR. The concept of flying not only helps you to work out but also lets you burn your calories effortlessly. The machine is built with a gyroscopic frame to boost your reflexes and stimulate muscles from head to toe. To use it, you simply lie down in a plank-like position. There’s an underwater game with the option to invite friends to a multiplayer match. The game levels are increased based on the player’s physical ability. The company ships the entire package containing the machine and Samsung’s Gear VR for about $12,000. Ouch.

L U F R E W PO

Y C N E I C I EFF

l u f r e pow a n c e

perform

or a power supply, it is essential to achieve a high level of efficiency throughout the entire load range. It helps users minimise system costs and increase system availability, irrespective of the area of application, industry vertical or region. One important factor in the reduction of system costs is to allow as little heat as possible to form inside the cabinet. Heat puts a strain on the lifetime of essential elements. This means that a high level of effort is required for cooling. However, the higher the efficiency of power supply, the lower the no-load losses are in the form of heat.

Test setup: Heat generation in the cabinet Three DIN-rail power supplies of the device class 240W 24V / 10A are operated under identical conditions (load: 8A/ input voltage: 230VAC) and in identical boxes (volume = 3.15l). As illustrated in figure 1, the initial temperature in all boxes is 21.5°C with the ambient temperature at 20.6°C.

“Any increase in the operating temperature by 10°C reduces the electrolytic capacitors’ lifetime by a factor of 2.”

In the middle box, you can see the PULS DIMENSION CP10.241, which has an efficiency of 95.2%. A competitor device ‘A’ (left) has an efficiency of 88.5%. Power supply ‘B’ (right) reaches at least 91%, according to the manufacturer‘s datasheet information.

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

| FEATURE

FIGURE 1: Experimental setup after a 4-hour runtime

FIGURE 2: Thermal image of the experimental setup after a 4-hour runtime

These three devices run for four hours without interruption. The thermometer at the CP10.241 in the middle box, which has the most un-favourable thermal position due to the heat emitted from the right and the left, shows a temperature increase to 40.5°C.

FIGURE 3: The effects of efficiency on waste heat in the 240W device class

The temperature in the box of the left competitor rises to 56.8°C. On the right a temperature increase to 48.3°C is measured (figure 1 & 2). This means that an efficiency difference of 6.7% or 4.2% makes a temperature difference of 16.3°C or 7.8°C (figure 3).

A high level of efficiency ensures system availability These are important findings when considering what harmful effect high temperatures can have on the lifetime of the power supply and other essential elements in the cabinet, which can put at risk the availability of the entire system. In power supplies, the electrolytic capacitors are subject to the greatest wear and therefore determine the lifetime of the device. The following formula applies to these temperature-sensitive components: any increase in the operating temperature by 10°C reduces the electrolytic capacitors‘ lifetime by a factor of 2. This becomes evident in the clearly decreasing capacity of the electrolytic capacitors. This loss of capacity does not necessarily result in an immediate failure of the power supply but it impairs the availability of the system. For instance, this can also be felt in the device‘s control behaviour, performance and output values or in case of power failures. Electrolytic capacitors should therefore not be exposed to overly high ambient temperatures. When designing the devices this rule should be taken into consideration right from the beginning. For this reason, PULS have designed their switch-mode power supplies based on the principle of “Cool Design”. Temperature-sensitive components are positioned at the coolest spots within the device and their temperature is controlled perfectly by means of convective air-flow. This method of ‘Cool Design’ clearly focuses on customer benefit,

since the combination of thermal and electrical layout always presents a great challenge to the designers. However, even other essential cabinet elements profit from this effort. If the waste heat is lower, they age significantly slower. If a cooling system is used, less energy is required and this saves on costs.

“Cool design clearly focuses on customer benefit.” u 07

PULS is convinced that the minimum service life specification of a power supply is fundamentally important information for the user. Since 2005, the company has therefore been providing corresponding specifications in their datasheets for all products of the DIMENSION product family.

wrong to focus on the purchase price only. Cheap power supplies do not achieve efficiency levels higher than 92%. The additional costs arising from the purchase of energy efficient power supplies are balanced off by lower energy costs.

The family standard that applies to DIMENSION is a lifetime of at least 50,000 hours at an ambient temperature of 40°C under full load. The CP10.241 achieves a minimum lifetime of 120,000 hours under these conditions.

Additional costs are balanced off by lower energy costs Efficiency even influences the dimensions of convection-cooled power supplies. The devices require less volume to dissipate the heat loss into the environment. Thanks to their high level of efficiency, the housing volume of the CP10 power supplies has been reduced to just 0.57 litres and a width of only 39mm. The narrow design saves space on the DIN-rail and enables higher packing density within the cabinet, thus reducing operational costs.

The following example demonstrates this. A user requires a 10A, 24 VDC power supply for their system. The user pays 11.9* cents per kWh (figure 4) and operates 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.

If we compare the PULS CP10 power supply that has losses of 12.1 watts against ‘PSU A’ that has losses of 31.2 watts and ‘PSU B’ that has losses of 23.7 watts we can calculate the costs directly proportional to the energy wasted caused by the varying efficiencies of the power supplies over a one-year period.

High level of efficiency saves energy costs therefore potentially saving on additional electricity costs. Due to international competition, companies must face strong cost-related pressure. This pushes buyers into acquiring system components that are as cheap as possible. However, when it comes to power supplies, it is

FIGURE 4: Power price increases since 2017 * Average energy price via Australian Energy Exchange (AEX) over the month of April and into early May 2017

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

| FEATURE

FIGURE 5: Electricity costs with a 240W power supply, including typical total cabinet cooling costs Electricity costs in $

720 $650.40

600

$494.20

Higher efficiencies means there are additional cost savings. Generated heat is reduced in the electrical cabinets thereby increasing the longevity of the power supply and surrounding equipment. From inside the cabinet, wasteful cooling is also reduced. Figure 5 highlights these potential savings through power supply efficiency and the costs associated with total cabinet cooling.

ER W PO % .5

360

P UP

95.

120

240

The wasted energy cost associated with the PULS CP10.241 is $12.61, compared to $32.52 of ‘PSU A’ with losses of 31.2 watts and $24.71 of ‘PSU B’ that has losses of 23.7 watts. If one extends this to a lifetime of 10 years then the amount saved by using the highly efficient PULS CP10 power supply is $67.10 compared to ‘PSU A’ with watt losses of 31.2.

480

41 0.2

$252.20

Duration of use in years

1 power supply/ machine runtime 365d/y, 24h/d Electricity rate 11.9 c/kWh

POWER SUPPLY A: Efficiency = 88.5%, no-load loss = 31.2W POWER SUPPLY B: Efficiency = 91.0%, no-load loss = 23.7W PULS CP10.241: Efficiency = 95.2%, no-load loss = 12.1W

Is it worth asking and comparing It is important to compare the efficiency rates of different power supply service providers, however in practice this is easier said than done. Instead of binding efficiency values, many manufacturers only specify potential maximum values (up to x % efficiency) in their datasheets. This is a best-case scenario and actually just means that this value is not exceeded. For instance, power losses at different mains voltages, loads or ambient conditions are not mentioned to the user. When it comes to measuring efficiency, there are no binding standards for manufacturers. Contact Control Logic on 1800 557 705 or email sales@control-logic.com.au for more information.

CLOSER LOOK |

PSC1

RSAL

After playing around with its functions, we learnt quite quickly that this system has been developed to save you a lot of time. It definitely feels intuitive, and we loved the selection of pre-defined function blocks for standard functions and motion functions such as standstill monitoring, safe speed, safe position, safe acceleration and safe direction.

SCHME

safety controller

Settin

g up

he guys at Schmersal have been busy developing their new Protect PSC1 programmable safety controller with the intent to provide a tailor-made safety solution for individual machines or highly complex lines. Schmersal who are one of the world’s biggest suppliers of safety technology believe the PSC1 platform has enough unique features to separate it from the competition. It certainly is one of the more versatile controllers we’ve come across.

For those familiar with PLCs in general will feel comfortable instantly with the Safe PLC2 software. Look and feel is a familiar experience with the usual device tree layout on the left hand side and the device parametrisation on the right hand side. Setting up is made much easier through the systems ability to ‘drag-an-drop’. We added field devices such as e-stops, door interlocks, light curtains and encoders easily to the project work area. This simplicity also extends to hardware configuration. Just drag your controller and IO from your device library pane to the terminal scheme pane. Done.

User defined blocks are also on offer which avoids the need to re-create code for other projects. In addition to this, a global tag function can be created and shared over the Ethernet network to all safety controllers on the network. It came in handy when trying to interact with multiple machines using a single safety function.

e...

lanc at a g

xes to 12 a for up g in r o onit rive m s odules ication • D sion m n a p mmun x o c Oe t rams e I/ g n • Ether ing dia & ir t w e e N t rofi genera • P ically e tomat u A featur • d-drop n a se g ra sy to u • D and ea le p im • S

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

Perhaps one of the coolest things about Schmersal’s PSC1 software is the ability to automatically generate wiring diagrams. It’s definitely a massive time saver! While devices are getting added, the software works in the background to create an accurate wiring diagram on the fly. In addition, the controller programming environment allows users to view a graphical representation of the safety process through continuous function charts to keep sense of everything. The time saving theme with this product continues, as we were able to create multiple programs within the single project file to help with modular design and simplify complex projects. Online diagnostics are still at hand if you have found yourself completely stumped. Fault finding provides a visual representation of the state of the safety system and a virtual digital scope that could be used to validate and debug motion safety functions.

i’d like you to meet...

Business D evelopmen t Manager B risbane My specia lty: Control Sys tems Process Saf ety & Boating & fis hing Call me: 0437 594 08 0

The hardware On selected models there are 4 Ethernet ports on the controller that can be used to create 2 segregated ring networks (control and safety). Integration with existing networks can be done via Ethernet, ProfiNet and EtherCAT communication protocols to share diagnostics with high level control systems and it is also capable of using Profisafe and EtherCAT safety to transmit safe commands to other safety controllers as well.

Integr ated S

D bus

gatew

The Ethernet versions of the hardware also give you the option to use standard safety devices or Schmersal devices with a SD bus. If you decide to choose the SD bus, the devices can be wired in series whilst still maintaining PLe Cat 4. The advantage here is that each individual device in the series chain is visible over the Ethernet network. Up to 31 Schmersal SD bus sensors can be connected and evaluated with their extended diagnostic data directly onto the PSC1 controller.

Glenn Pike

glennp@contro

l-logic.com.au

Interviewed by Gray Williams, Marketing Guru, Control Logic headquarters.

There are two models that make up the PSC1 range; the C-10 and the C-100. A quick comparison will reveal that the C-10 model allows up to 2 expansion modules compared to the C-100s 8 and allows up to 272 I/ Os and up to 64 I/Os for the smaller system.

l fineardict v

| WHO’S WHO

Glenn Pike, fishing enthusiast and industrial safety expert talks trends, customers and boats. Hi Glenn, as you often visit clients, do you find they are more interested in price, product or support? Hmm these days they see more value in support. Products and pricing are available anywhere, but rarely offer technical support if they get stuck. Good point. Have you always been in this industry? It’s now been 23 years... Did I say that out loud? You might have... Do you have a future prediction? Research is all done on the web, so I think most people will be so reliant on it that industries will be forced to embrace it. The industrial Internet is here. Have some industries moved ahead you think? The move by electricity providers to charge for kVA has driven the need for power factor correction across multiple industries. Reducing power bills is increasingly growing in importance and relevance for most. And what’s relevant for you personally? I love camping, fishing and boating, so when the opportunity arises, I take off to North Stradbroke Island. Not a typical day off?

Ok, so Schmersal’s PSC1 does do a lot and it does it very well. It’s not as powerful as a full safety PLC, but it’s a cost effective, dynamic alternative that will be more than adequate for most applications. It’s hands-down the quickest to operate, with cool options and features to save time… And time is the precious commodity we all deem important these days… as the old saying goes; time is money. Schmersal have thought about the future, and with its flexible and adaptable hardware, and intuitive software, the PSC1 is essentially assisting to future proof business, which is a winner in our eyes.

You’ll probably find me bobbing around on my boat in Moreton Bay, either diving at the wrecks or fishing. Glenn the adventurer! You have a boat then? I have a 5.4m tinny, which I spend alot of time on. Are you adventurous with food? What’s the strangest thing you’ve eaten? Crocodile... the hunter becomes the hunted. You recently moved to Queensland, why Brisbane? The people of Brisbane are a warm hearted bunch, and that means alot to me. Thanks for your time Glenn.

sopolawrer r e d a e l

FEATURE |

olar photovoltaics (PV) technology produces electricity directly from solar energy. When you see a solar panel on a household roof, it’s most likely solar PV technology at work within those shiny blue or black, silver-framed plates (If not, they’re likely to be solar hot water system panels). A typical PV panel is rated at around 250 Watts (0.25kW). A typical residential PV system in Australia is sized somewhere between 1.5-5kW, or 6 to 20 panels. As a basis for comparison, a typical air-conditioner will consume around 1-2kW when running. Solar PV has made a valuable contribution towards reducing Australia’s very high per-capita greenhouse emissions from electricity generation.

“Australia is unusual in that some 85% of installed PV capacity is small systems less than 10kW.”

A document produced by the Energy Supply Association of Australia states: Australia clearly leads the world in the installation of household scale distributed solar PV. Australia has double the residential solar PV penetration rates of the next country (Belgium), and more than three times the penetration of Germany and the UK. By 2015, more than one in seven Australian households had installed solar PV. This is a 15% penetration rate across all Australian households. According to the latest data – it’s more like 16.5%. PV systems are not evenly distributed across Australia’s residential sector, as the Australian PV Institute’s PV map shows to your right.

So is Australia the world leader when it comes to household solar PV per capita?

Yes. Australia does likely have the highest proportion of households with PV systems on their roof of any country in the world. But to be clear, Australia does not have the most PV rooftop capacity installed per person. By that we mean there are a number of other countries that currently generate a higher proportion of their total electricity from PV than Australia. Those countries may also have larger commercial and industrial PV systems (often tens to hundreds of kilowatts in size) or utility PV plants (which can be a megawatt – 1,000 kilowatts – to tens of megawatts in size).

Australia is unusual in that some 85% of its installed PV capacity is small systems less than 10kW. In 2014, Germany had more than nine times the installed PV capacity of Australia, yet around the same number of household PV systems spread over more than three times the population. Italy had more than four times the PV capacity of Australia, yet less than half the number of household PV systems. Japan had around 15% more residential PV systems, but more than five times the population of Australia. Belgium has a population around half that of Australia, but only around one fifth the number of PV systems. Greece has less than a tenth of Australia’s PV capacity of small (<10kW) PV systems.

Therefore, all of these countries have a significantly lower proportion of households with PV systems than Australia. They do better than Australia when it comes to total energy produced from solar; they do worse than Australia when it comes to household rooftop solar.

>> timeline: the history and birth of solar energy

Using sunlight to heat meals, a Swiss physicist Horace de Saussure invents the first solar oven.

PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY

1873

1839

Archimedes, a Greek inventor destroys ships with fire using a ‘heat ray’, a collection of mirrors.

PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECT

FIRST SOLAR OVEN

1767

Humans discover how to make fires by concentrating sunlight with a magnifying glass.

ARCHIMEDES’ HEAT RAY

212 BC

700 BC

SUNLIT FIRES

19yr old French physicist Edmund Becquerel discovers voltage when a material is exposed to light.

Photoconductivity is discovered in solid selenium by Willoughby Smith.

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

| #FACT

#fact... There are more living organisms in a teaspoon of soil than there are people on the planet.

PV installation density in Australia

Australia’s unique PV market focus on households has come about through a combination of factors:

Policy support from federal 2. A large proportion of Australian housing comprises standalone dwellings with relatively large roof spaces suitable for and state governments has PV systems. historically focused particularly on PV systems less than 10kW, including the Solar Credit 3. Most of Australia has an excellent climate for PV systems with plenty of sunshine. Multiplier available over 20092012 through the former Labor government’s revised 4. Australian households have to pay very high residential electricity prices compared to many other countries. PV Renewable Energy Target. systems can be a very cost effective way to reduce household There were also the various electricity bills. state-based feed-in tariffs over the same time period, 5. Australia’s relatively high rates of owner-occupier home which were generally ownership allows the benefits of the PV system investment to be restricted to small PV captured by the home owner, who also pays the electricity bills. systems. Australia may be at risk of losing the top ranking when it comes to household solar PV systems. A growing number of countries are setting ambitious PV targets. In addition, some key electricity industry stakeholders in Australia, including the distribution network utilities that own and operate the wires that run to your house are looking to restrict future household PV connections in some areas, or reduce the money that households can save by installing PV systems.

Using two electrodes onto a plate of selenium, electricity from light is discovered by professor William Adams.

American inventor, Charles Fritts develops plans to make solar cells based on selenium wafers.

PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT

Albert Einstein formulates the photon theory of light. Light can ‘liberate’ electrons on a metal surface.

It rains diamonds on Saturn and Jupiter.

Mobile phones have 18 times more bacteria than toilet handles.

To burn off one plain M&M candy, you need to walk the full length of a football field.

SINGLE-CRYSTAL SILICON

1918

PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL

1883

1876

ELECTRICITY FROM LIGHT

1905

What does the future hold?

a 45kg woman in stiletto heels exerts more pressure on the ground than a 2.7 tonne elephant.

Polish scientist Jan Czochralski, discovers a method to grow singlecrystal silicon.

PHOTOVOLTAICS

1954

Why is household rooftop solar so popular in Australia?

Believing you’ve slept well, even if you haven’t, improves performance.

The world’s first solar cell is created from Bell Labs.

now available from Control Logic

1800 557 705 or email sales@control-logic.com.au

NETWORK PROTECTION

RJ45 EC90 Series

Novaris network protection products are specifically designed for the protection of twisted pair Ethernet systems with a combination of rugged and fine grain protection elements. The EC90 Series utilise shield pass through connectors and metal bodies to allow for uninterrupted shielded network spans. The RJ451CAT6-EC90 provides earth isolation at the remote end of a network as this prevents current loops from appearing on the network shield.

SURGE FILTERS Complete solutions With an extensive range of surge filters from Novaris, you are sure to find the perfect fit or application. From 2A DIN rail mount units for the protection of sensitive PLCs, process equipment as well as plug-in units for final circuit outlets right up to 2500A per phase filters for the protection of major data centres.

product brief SURGE DIVERTERS SD MULTIMOV Series

The new SD MULTIMOV surge diverters offer unsurpassed safety, quality and reliability in protection for your electrical system. MULTIMOV surge diverters are an ideal pointof-entry protector for all industrial, commercial and communications applications.

SURGE CIRCUIT BREAKER

SCB Series

Novaris Surge Circuit Breakers are designed to be used in front of surge protection devices to ensure that the continuous current rating of the device is not exceeded. The advantage of the surge protection circuit breaker over a fuse or standard circuit breaker is that it’s designed to withstand the high surge currents. Unlike fuses or standard circuit breakers, the SCB Series can be reset following a surge avoiding the need for replacement saving money and downtime.

shut-up & take my

money!

1 Hoversurf Scorpion 3 Hoverbike Scorpion 3 is a fully functioning prototype that utilises four electric motors to generate lift and propulsion. A pilot simply rides the craft like they would a motorbike albeit with some variations in control. Quadcopter drone technology brings speed, agility and stability to the masses. Want! http://www.hoversurf.com

2 Velocidero MAD Go off-road with the shock-equipped Velocifero MAD, the quintessential electric scooter on steroids. Oversized tyres and a wooden deck keeps the rider safe, with a choice of motors to travel up to 40km/h. With an optional lithium battery, a 32km range is possible too. http://www.velocifero.eu

3 Solar Paper Forget carrying around that battery pack to charge your devices. Solar Paper can juice your phone up wherever there’s daylight. It’s the world’s smallest and thinnest solar charger, providing up to 5V and 500mA per panel making for quick charges when you need it most. http://yolkstation.com

4 BajaBoard BajaBoard is an off-road electric skateboard which brings with it some serious handling prowess and a load of tech. Most noticeable is the independent suspension on all four corners which allows for both jumps and easy navigation. Perform wild drifts and rolling speeds of 50km/h. http://bajaboard.com.au

5 Shower Beer

It’s the year of the beer. Shower Beer is a brew designed to be enjoyed in the bathroom. The bottles which look like luxury shampoo items are just 177ml in volume (or 3 sips) meaning they can easily be smashed in the shower whilst getting ready for a night out on the town. http://www.showerbeer.org

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;17

| FEATURE

& g n i l i gshurtgne protection

steps to

omenon. e natural phen bl ta ic ng ed pr d from lightni es are an un n be protecte ca ightning strik t to en e id pm ui step gu way eq your step-byation. However the ble. Here is to any applic ta d ic ie ed pl pr ap is be n ca strikes at th e protection ning and surg

L light

STEP 1

STEP 2

Define protection boundaries A boundary may cover an entire building or remote site. It may cover a single floor of a multi-story building, a single room or even a single piece of equipment. Generally the boundary will divide areas of different potential. All services crossing the boundary require protection whether that is power, data or RF signals.

Protect the structure The protection of buildings and structures against a direct lightning strike is covered extensively in many of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lightning protection standards. We recommend the Modified Rolling Sphere Analysis as providing the best method of assessing lightning strike points.

STEP 3 Install a bonded earthing system Using the creation of protection boundaries divides a structure into areas of equipotential where all equipment and protective earths are referenced to a single point within the boundary. One earthing system is essential, therefore all earths must be bonded together either directly or by the use of transient earthing clamps.

STEP 4 Protect the power lines

Modern control technologies such as PLCs, computers and power electronics are very susceptible to minor disturbances and fluctuations of the electricity supply. The most damaging interference is that of a direct or indirect lightning strike to the power line or a nearby strike which causes earth potentials to rise or induce interference onto power lines. There are two types of power protection available.

STEP 5 5

SURGE DIVERTERS are shunt connected devices which are installed between each phase and neutral or earth on main switch boards. They are designed to provide high energy diversion at the point of entry to a building or major power distribution point. The length of connecting leads to these devices can have a dramatic effect on increasing let-through voltage. SURGE FILTERS are connected in series with the load and because connecting lead lengths are not an issue, provide an excellent level of surge protection with low let-through voltages.

Protect signal & data lines LAN networks, video, CATV and other coaxial cable applications all suffer from the fact that the coaxial cable can provide an alternative earth return path for transient over-voltage disturbances, either induced on the cable itself or on the power supply anywhere in the network. The same applies for single or multi pair signal lines which connect process control, telemetry, PLC, telecommunications and information technology systems. They all need protection from lightning induced over voltages on their signal lines.

sizing a

? D VS r your ect VSD fo rr o c e th g ounds, k selectin r than it s ie k f you thin ic tr t to make n is a lo oint guide p applicatio 6 r u o t k ou time. then chec ght every ri it t e g u sure yo

the motor 1. isremember a source of torque Any AC motor is a source of torque, and yet it is the power rating which is most often used when looking at the catalogue ratings for motors. These ratings are based on the fixed speed output when connected to the network. Torque is related to both power and speed, such that T (Nm) = P (kW) x (9550)/ n (r/min). When dimensioning any variable speed drive it is important to think in terms of torque.

correct motor selection 3. based on load type The motor is an inherent part of an AC drive system: the motor and converter cannot be considered in isolation. It is important to know the type of load to be controlled before making any selections. There are basically three different load groups:

VSD ACS 580 Series A new generation, allcompatible, wall-mounted drive simplifies your processes and motor control with effortless efficiency. Allowing you to control a wide range of applications in different industries, with straightforward set up or commissioning. The ACS580 is plug-in ready to control your pumps, fans, conveyors, mixers and many other variable and constant torque applications.

VSD ACS 880 Series The top of the line wall mount drives are compatible with all kinds of processes. They control virtually any type of AC motor, provide extensive input/output connectivity and support all major fieldbus protocols. The drives cover a wide voltage and power range. Control performance is scalable from basic to demanding applications delivered by direct torque control (DTC). The flexibility and scalability of the drives enable one drive platform to control virtually any application or process.

now available from Control Logic

1800 557 705 or email sales@control-logic.com.au 16

FILTER FANS PF Series The fourth generation of industrial Filterfans are a truly unique result of several years of careful design. They offer an easy and time saving toolfree installation and increased Ingress protection through the revolutionary fluted filter cartridge, providing IP55 protection and 300% greater service life.

SMS ALARM STATION Data Station Plus The Data Station Plus excels at keeping everyone informed of machine and process performance. With its built-in webserver and data logger, easily monitor as well as control equipment from virtually any device. Email or SMS text message alerts is possible to ensure problems are addressed quickly in order to minimise downtime.

product brief

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

| FEATURE

remember, motor speed is not limited by 2. network frequency Choosing a motor to operate over a speed range of 0 – 1500 rpm can equate to a frequency range of 0 – 50 Hz for a 4-pole motor and 0 - 75 Hz for a 6-pole motor. This can give some advantages: as a specific motor frame is capable of a specific output torque – not power. As an example, if a constant torque of 750 Nm from 150 – 1500 rpm is needed, which is basically 115 kW at 1500 rpm, then a 160 kW 4-pole motor with shaft mounted fan could be used. Alternatively, a 110 kW 6-pole motor could be used. If a higher starting torque than nominal is needed for these combinations – say at 1000 Nm the current equivalent to 160 kW for the 4-pole option is needed, and 110 kW from the 6-pole option – this could give a saving of one frame size for the converter. i) Quadratic load This is the most common load type and covers centrifugal pumps, fans and the majority of mixers. ii) Constant torque This occurs when fixed volumes are being handled, such as in screw compressors, extruders, or in straight line web handling. iii) Constant power This is typically used when a material is being rolled up and the diameter changes.

4. know the operating speed

It is essential to know the real operating speed range. This is not normally too critical with a centrifugal load, but for a constant torque load it is quite possible to over-frame the motor if the real speed range is say 10% to 100% (say 5 – 50 Hz) and the motor is specified for 0 – 100% (0 – 50 Hz). The critical factor here is the ventilation capability of the motor fan – at low speed the cooling capability is clearly reduced, but this reduction is not linear.

the duty cycle forced 5. ventilation 6. isensure correct

Choosing a fixed Even with a relatively simple drive speed fan on application such as a pump or fan there will the motor can be a duty cycle. Initial start-up may require sometimes give an a high torque to achieve a specific rate of advantage for constant acceleration. The thermal time constant torque loads. With a fixed for a drive converter is relatively short – possibly 4 – 6 speed cooling fan, extra minutes, and it will heat up and cool down quickly, while connections to the motor are the motor thermal time constant can range from 15 required. However, it should minutes for a small motor to a couple of hours for a large be capable of producing motor. constant torque output from standstill or a very low speed This means that the overload requirements are generally up to the base speed. far more critical for converter sizing than for motor sizing.

Safe solutions for your industry

organised time

the time efficient safety controller As the saying goes - time is money. Efficiency and safety should not be mutually exclusive which is why Control Logic have introduced the PSC1 range of safety controllers by Schmersal. With a focus on simplicity, you’ll notice reduced set-up times and a variety of flexible intelligent options.

drive monitoring for up to 12 axes

I/O expansion modules profinet & ethercat communications simple and easy to operate

Through the use of smart software, generate a schematic wiring diagram automatically when the controller is programmed and avoid long design processes. Additionally thanks to a TÜV-certified safe Ethernet network, installation is quick and suitable for distributing I/O to minimise the complexity and time required to wire the system. With so much time saved, you won’t know what to do with it.

WHEN TIME IS IMPORTANT. for more information call 1800 557 705 or email sales@control-logic.com.au

www.control-logic.com.au

industrial. electrical. automation.

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

| SAFETY

understanding

machine safety Aram Dehghani

here are complimentary measures besides the emergency stop function when controlling the risk of machinery. We have highlighted a few below. Measures for the escape and rescue of trapped persons. Keep in mind escape routes and shelters in machinery may create trapping hazards. Think about communication facilities to enable trapped operators to call for help. In addition, facilities for moving some elements by hand may be required after an emergency stop is actuated. Measures for isolation and energy dissipation.

2. 3.

Isolating the machine from all power sources.

Locking all the isolating devices in the isolated position.

Dissipating, or if this is not possible, restraining any stored energy that can create a hazard.

Verifying all actions have been taken to eliminate the risks.

Measures for safe access to machinery. Ideally machinery should be designed to enable operation as far away as possible by a person from ground level. When this is not possible, machines should have built-in platforms, stairs or other facilities to provide safe access for those tasks. Care should be taken to ensure that such platforms or stairs do not give access to machinery danger zones.

When access to the hazardous zone of the machinery is Interlocking guards should be equipped when required there are 4 steps to operating machinery to lift goods and/or help achieve isolation and persons including landings at fixed levels to energy dissipation for all prevent falls when there is no platform at power sources to Australian a level. When the guards are open, lifting Standards. platform movement should be halted.

SAFETY CONTROLLER PSC1 Series The new PROTECT PSC1 is a programmable compact safety controller that can support up to 272 I/O points, monitor 12 axis systems and features enough memory for up to 3000 instructions. It’s suitable for small basic functionality machines right through to large complex machines. The compact controllers support communication protocols like ProfiNet, EtherCAT and EtherNet IP. The PSC1 boasts an intuitive easy to use function block diagram programming environment which automatically generates a wiring diagram for all the devices connected to it to dramatically reduce engineering time.

controlling the risk of machinery

WIRELESS E-STOP RadioSAFE Series The RadioSafe Series is a radio wireless E-Stop device that ensures personnel are protected at all times when performing maintenance and or adjustments to automated machines or production lines. It provides the peace of mind that an operator or maintenance person can shut down the machine in an emergency no matter what the situation from where ever they are at that time.

product brief

Aram Dehghani

SAFETY CONSULTANT, FS ENG (TÜV RHEINLAND, #8723/ 14, MACHINERY)

With over 20 years of safety experience, Aram Dehghani is a Safety Consultant at Control Logic’s Safety Services division. A Control Systems engineer, he holds a TUV certification for functional safety of machinery specialising in the design, installation, commissioning and validation of safety control systems including risk assessment and hazard analysis.

LIGHT BARRIERS SLB Series The new SLB 240 and 440 series by Schmersal are the smallest safety light barriers in the world with built-in evaluation. They come standard with a sensing range of 15 metres but can go as far as 75m model dependant. The single beam safety light barriers are particularly useful for securing smaller hazard areas, such as machines with small openings or slots.

DuplineSafe Safety over long distances DuplineSafe is a safetyorientated field bus system for the transfer of messages and commands designed especially for reliable signal transfer over long distances. Schmersal now offers Pull-wire emergency stop switches, Belt Alignment switches and a light compact emergency stop pushbutton and enclosure that all support Dupline, making it ideal for heavy industry environments.

now available from Control Logic

1800 557 705 or email sales@control-logic.com.au 19

sports ting bet online

ambling on sports via the internet is growing in popularity, but are punters being taken for more than they intended? Footy season has arrived! It’s time to don your favourite team jersey, dust off those supporter flags, and plonk yourself in front of the TV for an endless barrage of ads by sports betting companies. Yes, it’s become impossible to watch any sporting match these days – be it at the ground or on TV – without seeing some sort of promotion for gambling.

As annoying as it is, it seems all that promotion works. Australians lost $626 million betting on sporting events over 2013-2014, which was up a whopping 25.7% on the previous year. It’s a pretty big jump, especially considering that losses through other forms of gambling – gaming and racing – actually fell in the same period. But using an avalanche of advertising is just one tactic the big sports betting companies employ to keep people punting. If you fancy a flutter, it’s worthwhile being on the lookout for some of the other, sneakier tricks sports betting companies use so that you don’t get taken for more than you intended this footy season.

Easy access Gambling on sports has never been easier. All you need to do is set up an account with one of the bookmakers online, make a deposit and you can be placing bets in as little as three taps on your smartphone or clicks of your mouse. And with a smörgåsbord of national and international sports to bet on, you can gamble 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, without having to leave the comfort of your couch.

Watch your deposit When it comes to depositing money into a sports betting account you’ll need to be very careful how much you put in. Most companies require you to gamble the entire amount of the deposit at least once before a withdrawal can be made. Tricky terms Betting companies love to offer deals that give away generous amounts of bonus bets in return for opening a betting account. But, as a report commissioned by the Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation found, these offers invariably come with tricky terms and conditions that seem intent on keeping you betting and betting big.

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

| SPORT

sports calendar JUN to SEP ‘17. Raw deal

No money, no problem Got no money to gamble? The sports betting companies won’t let that stop you. Fill in a form with a few personal details and CrownBet could be slotting anywhere between $50 and $5,000 into your account. Luxbet will keep you going with a minimum of $250. Other companies give their customers credit without them even asking for it. In-play betting In-play betting has become the latest boon for betting companies as they now take bets right throughout a sporting match. It’s a pretty straightforward scenario for the bookmakers; create more opportunities for people to gamble through in-play betting and the more money they can rake in when people lose.

Everyone loves a good deal, but be wary of “special offers” being advertised on TV and social media that might lead you to take riskier bets than you normally would. “In my research, the advertising is always on bets with very high losses,” says Philip Newall, a behavioural science PhD candidate at Stirling University and a former professional poker player.

Enter the ‘multi’, a bet Aussie bookies love to spruik. Multis involve linking two or more wagers on separate games into a single bet that only pays out if all the selections win. Almost all of the sports betting companies offer special promotions on multis, including refunds if only one selection loses or an increased payout if all the selections get up. “People like these bets because they offer a high potential win if everything goes right, but the bookmakers also like these bets because of the high average losses, so it’s a win-win for the bookies,” says Newall.

Suggested bets

Want to place a bet but not sure where to put your money? Don’t worry; some sports betting companies actually suggest which bets to place through their blogs, complete with a link you can click on to go the betting page on their website. And it seems there’s no shortage of bets they’ll recommend. William Hill Australia posted a staggering 67 bet recommendations on its website in a single day in February, covering 43 upcoming games of soccer, cricket, ice hockey and basketball. It’s not that sports betting companies are necessarily throwing people dud tips, but recommending particular bets can certainly lead people to gamble on games they wouldn’t normally consider. Remember, they make their money from your losses.

tips for safer gambling •

Always read the fine print for any promotional deals and sign-up offers.

Don’t fall for advertised promotions as they may be leading you to take riskier bets than you normally would.

•

Don’t be led by recommended bets into gambling on games or sports you never intended to. Stick with what you know.

Leave in-play betting alone. Switch the phone, tablet or computer off and watch the game instead.

•

Keep a running tab of your wins and losses so you can track how are you going over time.

•

Never bet with credit. There are other ways to top up your account.

• •

•

Set yourself a limit and stick to it.

League

NRL State of Origin | ANZ Stadium | 21 Jun NRL State of Origin | Suncorp Stadium | 12 Jul

Union

Soccer

Tennis

Wimbledon | London | 3-16 Jul US Open | New York | 28 Aug- 10 Sep

Netball

Super Netball Grand Final | TBA | 17 Jun

Golf

Motorsport

Surfing

Cycling

Tour de France | France | 1-23 Jun

Horse racing

FEATURE |

getting to know

DNP3

ave you heard of DNP3 but been unsure of what it is or what it’s used for? Read on...

What is DNP3? DNP3 refers to “Distributed Network Protocol.” It is a communications protocol designed specifically for remote communications to optimize the transmission of data and control commands from a master to one or more remote devices or outstations.

DNP3 or Modbus? Modbus is great for installations where a dedicated wire or fibre connection exists and when communication dynamics are tightly controlled. However, remote communication often takes place over distance and is often subject to interruptions therefore it isn’t as robust as a dedicated physical connection. This is where DNP3 can be leveraged. Where is DNP3 used? DNP3 can be used in any market that require remote communications. While it emerged in the power transmission industry, it has also been widely used in the water and wastewater, oil and gas, irrigation monitoring, environmental monitoring, farming, and other industries that rely on communication to remote locations. What problems does DNP3 solve? Remote communication is difficult and can suffer from slow speeds. Factors such as modems, public communication services, possible interference from neighbouring radio transmitters, local terrain, trees, construction of buildings, or remote power outages can disrupt signals and ultimately communications to you remote site. DNP3 solves this by creating and tracking events (changes in data) internally, and reports back those events when communication is possible. To keep track of events, time stamping is done at the remote device.

How is DNP3 different from Modbus? Compared to Modbus, DNP3 is a more sophisticated protocol that has the ability to use report-by-exception (RBE) functionality. With RBE functionality, only a change in data is reported rather than reporting all data each time a device is polled. This feature of DNP3 allows historical and event-driven data to be transmitted while ensuring that no critical data is lost.

How it works? A remote unit looks at incoming data such as physical inputs and outputs and stores it in internal memory for transmission to a host. Detecting data change in a smart way, capturing it and transmitting it is what makes DNP3 so special. DNP3 looks at the incoming data and decides if enough of a change has occurred to create an event. If an event is created, then the event is time stamped and is stored in memory. Depending on the importance of this event, the DNP3 protocol might wait until the remote unit is polled,

product brief PAC SYSTEMS RX3i DNP3 Outstation Module The RX3i DNP3 Outstation Module IC695EDS001 is an Ethernet-connected module which fits in the RX3i backplane and permits the RX3i to behave as an Outstation on the DNP3 network, where it may interact with up to eight DNP3 masters. The data exchanges between the EDS001 module and up to eight DNP3 Master(s) are configurable, using a single COMMREQ instruction in the ladder logic or Structured Text program.

IIoT GATEWAY RAM 6000 Series Make the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) a reality using the MQTT protocol which allows for reliable, secure and scalable communication to leading IIoT cloud platforms. Red Lion’s RAM® 6000 cellular RTUs feature up to five Ethernet ports and a RS-232 serial port. It includes a web-based event engine that can trigger built-in I/O or send SMS text messages based on real-time operational data; it also supports Modbus and DNP3.

or decide to initiate communication back to a master host station. When communication is established, the events and associated time stamps are transmitted back to the main host. When the main host confirms to the device that it has received all of the events, then the remote unit clears its buffer and starts to log new events. Because events are stored, a history of missed events can be retrieved after a loss in communication.

now available from Control Logic

1800 557 705 or email sales@control-logic.com.au

OPERATOR PANELS Graphite Series Red Lion’s rugged Graphite operator panels support over 300 different communication protocols. Native support for the DNP3 network protocol on the Graphite platform creates a powerful solution that enables seamless communication between DNP3 devices and other equipment without the need for third-party protocol converters. The DNP3-enabled Graphite panels provide remote access, data logging and alarming with the added capability to display data in indoor or outdoor applications.

ALL-IN-ONE Edge Controller Integrating communication and control has never been easier. Red Lion’s Graphite Edge Controller is a rugged all-in-one solution that reduces cost and complexity by combining free IEC 61131 control capabilities with networking and data visualisation. Communicating with over 300 different protocols including DNP3, Graphite controllers support numerous other protocols. Use Graphite controllers to manage multiplevendor applications and network-enable existing serial equipment with ease.

“select-before-operate”. In this case, a DNP3 Master will first send a “select” command, to which the outstation device will respond and then, if the outstation device does not receive the “operate” command within a specified amount of time, it will not execute the control action.

Is DNP3 secure? Cyber security is a valid and growing concern and DNP3 can help address this. As previously mentioned, DNP3 stores time stamped events at the remote device therefore if a cyber-attack takes down a SCADA server, or knocks out a communication network, the information is preserved at the local units and recovered once communication is restored. The DNP3 protocol can also include IEC62351 version 2 authentication. This allows a DNP3 slave or master device to unambiguously determine if it is communicating with the correct DNP3 master or slave. The DNP3 protocol also uses a more basic form to ensure control commands are executed correctly. This is called

i r a f sa

be patient

n a c i r f a south

10 tips

the freedom of , open spaces, ild w rs a’s ric Af ildlife encounte word conjures unforgettable w , ise AFARI. Just the nr en su ev at e nc ep experie -topped je to make a good ur riding in an open t there are ways e the most of yo Bu . ak nd m be to y s er tip 10 e ar around ev re he serve, bi Sand Game Re better. From Sa ri. first, or next safa

1. be invisible In other words, wear khaki. I know, you don’t want to look like all the other tourists arriving at Kruger airport. But within a day or two, you’ll realise the good sense of blending in. Not only are you less likely to be seen by the animals than if you were wearing bright colours, khaki keeps you cool.

2. keep your arms & legs inside the vehicle There aren’t many rules on safari, but these three are worth remembering: never stand up in the vehicle or wave your arms about (both alter the vehicle’s shape and silhouette and might make animals curious enough to investigate), never leave the vehicle while on a game drive (except for morning tea or sundowners served by your guide) and don’t make sudden movements or loud noises.

3. don’t self drive

Unlike neighbouring Kruger National Park, self-driving isn’t option in Sabi Sand. On this 65,000ha privately owned reserve, the only way to see wildlife is to stay in one of the 21 private lodges and take twicedaily game drives with a ranger and a tracker — but you’ll see more this way. You might even live longer. An American was fatally mauled by a lion through her open car window in a lion park in South Africa. There are stories of self-drivers in game reserves leaving their vehicles to take photos and being charged by elephants; small vehicles have even been trampled. The take-home message: if you do self-drive, take a guide with you, keep the windows closed and give the animals their space.

did you know Sabi Sand is known for its quality leopard viewing

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

Even in reserves that have an abundance of wildlife, you’ll still have to wait for your ranger and tracker to find it. It helps to be quiet too. The animals might be habituated to the vehicles, but they can still be disturbed. In any case, you’ll have a more authentic encounter if the animals are doing what comes naturally instead of reacting to you.

| TRAVEL

5. do a walking safari There’s nothing like walking through country inhabited by lions, leopards and other large carnivores to put you back in the food chain. Your senses are on high alert. You’re suddenly aware of which way the wind is blowing and how fast you can run (hopefully faster than your safari-mates, as the old joke goes). It might be scary at first, but it’s also exhilarating. Not only that but realising how defenceless most of us are in the real, natural world gives you new respect for the animals that survive, and thrive, in it.

be respectful

Try to resist the temptation to infantilize or anthropomorphise the animals you see; it reduces them to human dimensions. They’re not cartoon characters. And although you might feel as if you’re in a David Attenborough documentary, other people can hear you when you say, “That hyena looks like Uncle Jim,” or “Isn’t that cheetah cub CUTE!”

9. take care of yourself Starting at 5am and sitting in a vehicle for up to six hours a day (two to three hours at dawn and at dusk) can take its toll on anyone. Make use of the free time between game drives to have a massage, a nap or a hot bath back at the lodge, do some yoga, go for a swim — preferably in a pool, not a hippo-infested waterhole. Or take a stroll, checking first to see if you need an escort; at the Ulusaba lodge, a staff member is required to walk with you at all times, in case of leopards.

own r camera d

put you

You’ve brought the new digital SLR, a backpack full of lenses, or the compact camera with mega-zoom, and there’s no reason you shouldn’t take a few photos and shoot some video to relive and share the highlights of your safari later. Just remember to snap some internal images too, with your eyes. Nothing beats watching wildlife in real time.

10.

You’ll appreciate watching a leopard slink silently through the long grass just metres from your vehicle, or looking at a giraffe and her offspring perfectly lit by the morning sun even more.

go with someone you love

8. listen There’s so much to look at in the African bush, it’s easy to tune out to your other senses. Opening your ears will heighten your experience by adding a soundtrack of, say, zebras barking or the calls of weaver birds you hadn’t noticed before. You’ll also learn more about the animals and their behaviour from your ranger, rather than just notching up sightings.

GETTING THERE

South African Airways flies to Johannesburg via Perth from Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and Adelaide. Sabi Sand Game Reserve is an 80-minute flight from Johannesburg; from Kruger Mpumalanga International Airport it’s 30-minutes by air or two hours by road.

Ulusaba, a Virgin Limited Edition property in Sabi Sand Game Reserve, has two lodges: the cliff-hugging Rock Lodge (which has 10 rooms and suites, and two exclusive Cliff Lodge apartments that sleep nine) and the 11-room riverside Safari Lodge. All-inclusive rates start at ZAR 6000 ($655) per person a night.

STAYING THERE 25

tech: elago w3

elagostore.com

tech: hobbico c-me drone

The Apple Watch is now in its second generation but no one has figured to reimagine it as a vintage Macintosh…until now. The Elago W3 will turn any modern Apple Watch into a shrunken down Macintosh which pairs seamlessly with an existing charger to make it one funky nightstand. It’s also made from silicone so you won’t need to worry about scratches. Meanwhile the vintage looks are spot-on. There is a small diskette drive on the front and Nightstand Mode’s green coloring matches the 1984 look perfectly. Elago offers both white and black versions of the W3 dock, so you can mix as needed. Now if only the fake disk slot actually took in Micro SD cards. Surprisingly appealing.

hobbico.com/dronehq

We’ve seen selfie drones before, but not the size of smartphone. The Hobbico C-Me is a $200 (US) foldable micro drone that is capable of snapping photos and videos. It can fly up to 2 metres in the air for up to 10 minutes which flies back to you before dying. Featuring an 8-megapixel camera with flash C-Me is capable of recording 1080p full HD video, and is equipped with an image stabilization system. Other features include a photo timer, burst

the

mode and the ability to capture 360-degree panoramic video. It’s also one of the easiest drones to fly according to Hobbico. Simply control it through an app on your phone with one-touch takeoff and landing. One awesome feature is the ‘Find Me’ option which will locate you and keep you centered on the camera with both follow and circle modes.

escape

cinema: the mummy

www.universalpictures.com/movies/the-mummy Having nothing in common with the Brendan Fraser movies of the same name, this one stars Tom Cruise (and Russell Crowe) in this big budget film. This will be Universal Pictures attempt to create the same success as Marvel studios, utilising classic monster characters, with the Mummy the first

installment in a planned shared monster universe. Written by Jon Spaihts (Doctor Strange & Passengers), an ancient princess is mummified and entombed in a tomb buried deep beneath the desert. She awakes in the present day, bringing with her a malevolent grudge that has grown over millennia and terrors that defy human comprehension. Heavy.

As any Aussie knows, July means winter, winter means cold, and cold means it’s time for a getaway. The fact that Australian weather seems to be getting cooler and more unpredictable, it’s no wonder that July is popular for annual leave for overseas. But what are Australia’s top destinations for travel during winter, and July specifically? Here’s 5 of Australia’s best July travel spots:

Newcastle | NSW

quickies

recent movie releases

Filmed on the Gold Coast, the story begins with a diverse team of explorers who are brought together to venture deep into an uncharted island in the Pacific unaware that they’re KONG: crossing into the domain SKULL ISLAND of the mythic Kong.

Five year old Saroo gets lost on a train which takes him thousands of miles across India, away from home and family. He’s later adopted by an Australian couple. 25 years later, armed with only a handful of memories, he sets out to find his lost family.

apple “watch” | due early 2015

travel: 5 top places to visit in july

Ideal for: A balanced and flexible spot with a blend of indoor attractions & day trips. Top things to do: Newcastle Memorial Walk; climb up to Nobby’s Lighthouse; average july temp. waterfront dining; the 30.6º - 19.3º Maritime Museum and Art Gallery; day trip or wine tour Darwin | NT to the Hunter Valley. Ideal for: A warm-weather escape full of history for average july temp. natural adventures nearby. 16.8º - 8.9º Top things to do: Mindil Beach Markets; famous sunsets; Crocosaurus Cove; travel to Litchfield or Kakadu National Parks; the Deckchair Cinema; Defence of Darwin Experience.

On the o the different r hand, you have fingers. I always arrive late to How do you drown a work, but I make up hipster? In the mainstream. for it by leaving early. I get plenty of exercise - Where do you get jumping to conclusions, virgin wool? pushing my luck, and Ugly sheep. dodging deadlines. Life is scary; at least my salary is funny.

Noosa | QLD

Ideal for: A family-friendly waterfront environment with balanced options for entertainment and nature. Top things to do: Noosa Main Beach; visit Australia average july temp. Zoo; Maleny Botanic 1.4º - -2.4º Gardens; UnderWater World Mount Buller | VIC aquarium; Noosa National Ideal for: Easily accessible Park; & Farmers Market. snowsport hotspot from average july temp. Victorian capital Melbourne. 20.9º - 9.5º Top things to do: Hit the slopes; browse the Village Square; the National Alpine Museum of Australia; relax in an alpine spa; take a dog sled tour; embrace the cold; learn to ski/snowboard.

LION

Northwest & Kimberley | WA

Ideal for: Experiencing some of WA’s most striking landscapes – without the heat. Top things to do: Horizontal Falls; sunset at Cable Beach; take a beach camel ride; scenic flight over the Bungle Bungle Ranges; drive the Gibb River Road; see Mitchell Falls; explore Kununurra. average july temp.

28.9º - 13.7º

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

tech: lg hub

lg.com

The age of robotic butlers have arrived. Sort of. LG Hub is a stationary home assistant that can swivel to face you upon taking your commands via a personable voice (and beady eyes). It does all the basics including play music, looking up the weather and acting as a central command centre for wireless LG products. At the CES show the LG Hub demonstrated its ability to preheat a connected oven (don’t ask) before activating LG’s wireless robot vacuum cleaner and robot lawnmower. LG emphasised that the technology in the Hub is cutting edge AI which can also allow them to “learn” their masters whilst holding a conversation. Creepy-cool.

| ESCAPE

car: land rover discovery landrover.com.au

The much-anticipated 2017 Land Rover Discovery is almost here and it’s bringing a slew of technology with it. Boxy styling has been ditched in favour of evoque-esk styling, with prices starting at a respectable $65,960 plus on There are both diesel and petrol road costs. It will compete with the likes of Audi engines available, including two new Q7, BMW X5 and the Volvo XC90. four-cylinder powerplants. The first is the 2.0 litre turbo diesel four-pot for the Td4, With a seven seat layout as standard it certainly and the second, a powerful twin-turbo 2.0 isn’t small (4970mm in fact) and there’s an litre sd4 drivetrain. The high-spec diesel increased ground clearance of 283mm (up engine is the 3.0 litre td6 six-cylinder, with 43mm), with a huge wading capability of 190kW of power and 600Nm of torque. It’s 900mm (up 200mm). It might be bigger, also the fastest to 100km/h at 8.1 seconds. but it’s also lighter, shedding 480kg from its predecessor thanks to new architecture. Step inside and you will feel right at home if you’ve ever sat in a current Range Rover. It’s All models are fitted with an eight-speed ZF posh but lacking when compared to Audi or auto transmission with full-time all-wheel-drive BMW. It does come with large comfy seats, as standard. You’ll get Land Rover’s Terrain high quality materials, and a new 10-inch Response 2 system operated by a rotary infortainment system – with cool options such controller to allow different characteristics of as dual-view capabilities and wi-fi. There are 9 engine, gearing and throttle response. It is USB jacks and 6 12-volt outlets, with a re-thought possible to tow up to 3500kgs, including Tow out cockpit and cargo area creating 1231 litres of Assist allowing the driver space in the boot behind the second row seats. It’s to avoid counterincredibly spacious wherever you sit. steering.

spread

Customisation will be extensive, from options including an electrically folding rear seat that can be controlled remotely via a smartphone application, heaters for all three seating rows and navigation upgrades. While evolutionary more than revolutionary, the new Discovery certainly is the choice for occasional luxe offroading.

tech: hushme gethushme.com

If you work in an open-concept office or simply want to take private calls in public, then you’ll find the ‘Hushme’ voice mask a must-have. It basically prevents nearby people from hearing your conversation by masking your voice whilst looking like Bane from Batman. The device attaches

Crash Bandicoot N.Sane Trilogy

around the back of the neck and over your mouth and chin. When you’re in masking mode, the headphones tie into a free app that allows you to overlay masking sounds onto your voice. These masking sounds, which are output through an external speaker on the outside of the headphone, include wind, rain, monkey and squirrel, as well as Darth Vader, R2D2 and Minion. Weird. There might be some licensing issues with a few of those sounds, but I have a feeling it will attract attention rather than suppress it.

game release schedule

Crash Bandicoot N. Sane Trilogy is a Middle-earth: Shadow of War | PS4, XB1 collection of remasters of the first three Danganronpa V3: Killing Harmony | PS4 games in the Crash Bandicoot series: Wipeout Omega Collection | PS4 Crash Bandicoot, Cortex Strikes Yakuza Kiwami | PS4 Back and Warped, which were june Splatoon 2 | NS originally developed by Naughty SteamWorld Dig 2 | NS Tekken 7 | PS4, XB1, PC Dog for the PlayStation. It maintains The Elder Scrolls Online: Marrowwind | All Songbringer | PC, PS4, XB1 NBA 2K18 | All the level design, sound effects and Dirt 4 | PS4, XB1, PC Crash Bandicoot N. Sane Trilogy | PS4 Super Mario Odyssey | NS boss battles we fondly remember.

Super Mario Odyssey

Highly anticipated, Super Mario Odyssey is the sixteenth title in the Super Mario series. Set outside the Mushroom Kingdom, this new world will be set somewhat in the real world.

tech: gita - cargo robot

piaggiofastforward.com/gita.php

If you hate driving to the nearby grocery store just to get a few things or having to push that heavy trolley, the Piaggio Group has found the perfect solution for you. The creators of Vespa, have a new robot focused company called the “Piaggio Fast Forward”. The first company product is a personal cargo robot named ‘Gita’. This selfbalancing two-wheeled cargo robot has the capacity of carrying 18kg of weight and can either follow you around or even move around autonomously using maps. The machine is capable of moving at speeds up to 35km/h with a zero turning radius, allowing it to maneuver just like a human. It lasts up to 8 hours for just 3 hours of charging. Very cool!

o c i t r sphalt a s $12K

e v a s

r a e ay

Background

alt ge Queensland asph Trico Asphalt is a lar w ne for s offering service surfacing company, jor ma , rks rks, carpa and commercial wo services, including lies pp su d an s highway councils and private s, ire local government sh customers.

Tric o A slph a lt

cts Fast fa Customer

Trico Asphalt Pty. Ltd

Project scope

“We commissioned Control Logic to reduce our increasing power bills associated with energy costs through power factor correction. From start to finish we are very pleased with the professional service provided by Control Logic and extremely happy with the immediate cost savings to our business. We highly recommend Control Logic for your next project.” ~ Craig Eggerling, Production Manager, Trico Asphalt.

Like many other big industrial companies, Trico have a large number of three-phase induction motors, some of which are direct on line (DOL) connected. As a result, power factor cost effectiveness is very low with little efficiency. With a poor power factor, electricity charges had increased when their energy supplier Energex moved to a KVA based tariff for larger customers in July 2015.

An onsite assessment by Control Logic was required to determine Trico’s current power factor and peak load. This assessment confirmed power factor correction would be effective for their business to reduce electricity costs.

Location

nd Swanbank, Queensla

Cha llenges

nment Extremely dusty enviro

•

High power usage

•

Limited budget

•

Products

ABB 100kVAr PFC

•

unit ormer

FRER current transf

•

Results

•

• • • •

5 tor from 0.82 to 0.9 Improved power fac nsumption Reduced power co 0 per month Saving of over $100 Improved efficiency Lower overheads

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;17

| CASE STUDY

Cooling Fan Lifting lugs

ABB 100kVAr Power Factor Correction Unit

Incoming bus bars

PF Controller Capacitor CLMD

Contactor

Air vents

ABB PF C Solution

Through analysis of Tricoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s power usage it was determined that a 100kVAr power factor correction (PFC) unit was required to improve their current power factor from 0.82 to 0.95 based on a maximum load of 324 kVA.

Detuned reactors

Staged fuses

Plinth

Control Logic was able to provide a complete turnkey supply, installation and commissioning solution using an ABB 100kVAr PFC unit. As the PFC unit was located in a dusty environment, Control Logic has been providing regular servicing to ensure continual reliable operation.

Benefits Installing the ABB PFC uni t Trico not only reduced the ir monthly electricity costs by over $1000, but also helped free up capaci ty on their transformer and cabling. This was accomplished by providing the reactive pow er required for devices such as motors, rather than having to imp ort from the supply authority network. Based on regular monthly savings, the payback per iod for Trico was a little over twelve months at wh ich point the PFC unit wa s helping to increase their profits by reducing a major overhead.

Contact

tion tor Correc Power Fac trol Logic n o n o ti a Con inform e contact For more tudy pleas ailing our product -s e s a c is or th by em .com.au. 57 705 or trol-logic n on 1800 5 o c @ s le at sa specialists

TECH-TIP |

3 to fix ways a tripping RCD

...IN VSD INSTALLATION

ave you ever had issues with variable speed drives (VSDs) tripping residual current devices (RCDs) on the VSD supply side?

The reason why VSD’s sometimes trip RCD’s is because they have an EMC filter also known as an RFI filter.

The purpose of these filters is to attenuate high frequency emissions generated by the VSD to earth to prevent them from being conducted back down the supply cables. The EMC filter attenuates the high frequency emissions from the VSD to earth via capacitors and as such creates a certain amount of leakage current to earth. The amount of leakage current depends on the type of EMC filter and also how many amps the load the VSD is supplying requires.

As the load increases so does the amount of current flowing to earth and this can cause an RCD to trip. There are a number of ways to overcome this, we have outlined 3. ONE Disconnect the EMC filter which can easily be done on most ABB VSD’s by simply removing or backing off a couple of screws. The problem with disconnecting the EMC filter is that other sensitive electronic equipment in close proximity to the VSD may not function correctly due to EMC interference. TWO Disconnect the drives own internal EMC filter as already suggested, but then install an external low leakage EMC filter in series with the drives input. THREE Change the RCD drive to one with a higher trip threshold, although you need to ensure that the RCD trip threshold still offers protection to personnel.

Want to know more? Go to www.control-logic.com.au/blog or click on ‘Blog’ on our homepage for the latest tech-tips and downloadable PDFs. Alternatively speak to one of our application engineers by calling 1800 557 705, or by emailing sales@control-logic.com.au for advice, assistance, or enquiries.

Good Luck!

CLN | ISSUE 08 | JUN-SEP ‘17

control logic australia relays & timers position sensors power supplies digital displays process sensors machine safety

automation systems

power distribution

hazardous areas software solutions networks & gateways pushbuttons & signalling radio controls

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motor control energy management surge protection wiring systems thermal management

our locations QUEENSLAND Brisbane 25 Lavarack Avenue Eagle Farm QLD 4009 07 3623 1212

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Sydney 4/1B Kleins Road Northmead NSW 2152

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02 9890 1120

03 9763 1666

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For more information on any content within ‘CLN’ magazine or to place an order, please contact our sales team on: 1800 557 705 or email: sales@control-logic.com.au. 31

get excited

integrating communication & control Red Lion’s Graphite® Edge Controller is a compact, scalable and rugged all-in-one industrial solution that reduces cost and complexity by combining IEC 61131 control capabilities with networking and data visualisation.

free software & upgrades

supports over 300 protocols visualisation &

control via webserver

operating temp. -40ºC to 70ºC

Completely scalable, it’s capable of using up to 25 I/O modules and supports over 300 industrial protocols to ease communication with other devices via Ethernet and serial, while still enabling logic control for industrial applications. Unlike other solutions on the market, there are no additional software costs, per-protocol fees or annual maintenance agreements required – it pays for itself.

POWERFUL, VERSATILE, RUGGED. for more information call 1800 557 705 or email sales@control-logic.com.au

www.control-logic.com.au

industrial. electrical. automation.