ĸ. î³ñÇ ÂÇõ 7 (163), زÚÆê 2019 Øß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ, ÀÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ, ²Ûɳ½³Ý ä³ñµ»ñ³Ã»ñÃ
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau s Statement On The Armenian Genocide Anniversary
Volume 14, No. 7 (163), MAY 2019 Toronto Armenian Community Newspaper
TO ADVERTISE IN CANADA s ONLY ARMENIAN MONTHLY NEWSPAPER CALL 416-878-0746
ø³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ¸¿Ùù»ñáõ Ü»ñϳÛáõû³Ýª гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý 104³Ù»³ÏÇ ä³ßïûÝ³Ï³Ý ÜßáõÙ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ù¿ç
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau
On April 24, the Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, issued the following statement: Today, we join Armenian communities in Canada and around the world to honour the memory of the victims of the Armenian genocide, a dark chapter in human history which must never be forgotten. Although more than a century has since passed, the memory of those who unjustly lost their lives and suffered reminds us that we must never respond to hatred or violence with indifference. As we observe this solemn day and pay tribute to the strength and spirit of the Armenian people, we also look forward to a future built on peace and mutual respect. The Government of Canada pays tribute to the victims of this tragedy and reaffirms its commitment to strive for a world in which nobody regardless of faith or ethnic background fears discrimination or persecution because of who they are.
Photo by: Ishkhan Ghazarian
ì»ñÁª Ó³Ë¿Ý ³ç. лÝñÇ Â»ñÇû, ì³Ý ȳ÷áÛ»³Ý, лñÁÉï ²Éåñ¿Ëï »õ ù³Õ³ù³å»ï ÖáÝ ÂáñÇ: ì³ñÁª ³ç¿Ý Ó³Ë. ܳѳݷ³ÛÇÝ »ñ»ë÷á˳ÝÝ»ñ ²ñÇë ä³åÇÏ»³Ý, äÇÉÇ ö¿ÝÏ, ìÇÝëÁÝà øÇ »õ Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇã Ú³ñáõà سÃáë»³Ý Í³ÕÏ»åë³Ï ÏÁ ½»ï»ÕÇÝ ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Úáõß³ñÓ³ÝÇÝ ³éç»õ, ²åñÇÉ 28, ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝ:
гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý 104³Ù»³ÏÇ á·»ÏáãÙ³Ý å³ßïûÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ý¹ÇëáõÃÇõÝÁ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ²åñÇÉ 28-ÇÝ« ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ð³Û Ï»¹ñáÝÇ ëñ³ÑÇÝ Ù¿ç: гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý à·»ÏáãÙ³Ý ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇÝ Ï³½-
ٳϻñå³Í ѳݹÇëáõû³Ý Ý»ñÏ³Û ¿ÇÝ ï»Õ³Ï³Ý, ݳѳݷ³ÛÇÝ »õ ¹³ßݳÏó³ÛÇÝ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ¹¿Ùù»ñ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ·³ÕáõóÛÇÝ Õ»Ï³í³ñÝ»ñ. ³ÝáÝó ß³ñùÇݪ ݳѳݷ³ÛÇÝ »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý Þ¿ñÇý ê³å³áõ¿Û, ØÇÃóÇ Ð³ÝÃÁñ, äÇÉÇ ö¿ÝÏ, ìÇÝëÁÝà øÇ »õ ²ñÇë ä³åÇÏ»³Ý,
¹³ßݳÏó³ÛÇÝ »ñ»ë÷á˳ÝÝ»ñ ÖÇÝ ºÇµ, ÞáÝ â¿Ý, гñáÉï ²Éåñ¿Ëï »õ ²ÉÇ ¾Ñë³ëÇ« Èǵ³Ý³ÝÇ ÑÇõå³ïáë ¶ñÇ·áñ äáëó׻³Ý« úÝóñÇáÛÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ Ý³ËÏÇÝ ËûëÝ³Ï î¿ÛíÇï àõáñÝÁñ: Ü»ñÏ³Û ¿ÇÝ Ý³»õ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ ß³ñ. ï»ë ¿ç 28
2
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
îáõÝ»ñáõ »õ γÉáõ³ÍÝ»ñáõ ѳٳñ ¹ÇÙ»ó¿ù Ù»½
Serving our Community for 30 years
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
3
´áÕáùÇ òáÛó »õ ø³Ûɳñß³õÁ úÃóáõ³ÛÇ Ù¿ç
Âñù³Ï³Ý ¹»ëå³Ý³ï³Ý ¹ÇÙ³ó:
²åñÇÉ 24-ÇÝ, ·³Ý³ï³Ñ³Û»ñ úÃóáõ³ÛÇ Ù¿ç ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇÝ ³éç»õ:
γ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõû³Ùµ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇÝ« 24 ²åñÇÉ 2019-ÇÝ úÃóáõ³ÛÇ Ù¿çï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ÅáÕáíñ¹³ÛÇÝ Ñ³õ³ù »õ ù³Ûɳñß³õ« Ù³ëݳÏóáõû³Ùµ ÂáñáÝÃáÛ¿Ý« ¶»ÙåñÇ׿ݫ ȳõ³É¿Ý« ØáÝÃñ¿³É¿Ý »õ ³ÛÉ í³Ûñ»ñ¿ ³õ»ÉÇ ù³Ý 1000 ѳÛáñ¹ÇÝ»ñáõ: ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇÝ ¹ÇÙ³ó ѳõ³ùÇÝ Çñ»Ýó Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ µ»ñÇÝ Ý³»õ ÛáÛÝ« Ññ»³Û« ³ëáñÇ »õ éáõ³Ýï³óÇ Ñ³Ù³ÛÝùÝ»ñáõ å³ïáõÇñ³Ïáõ-ÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñ: ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ ³éç»õ ѳõ³ùÇÝ Ñ³Ý¹Çë³í³ñÝ ¿ñ Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ úÃóáõ³ÛÇ ·áñͳí³ñ ê»õ³Ï ä¿É»³Ý« áñ ·³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý »õ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ù³ÛÉ»ñ·Ý»ñáõ áõÝÏݹñáõÃ»Ý¿Ý »ïù, Ý»ñϳݻñÁ Ññ³õÇñ»ó Ù¿Ï í³ÛñÏ»³Ý ÛáïÝϳÛë Û³ñ·»Éáõ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÁ ºÕ»éÝÇ ½áÑ»ñáõÝ: Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ ËûëùÁ ÷á˳Ýó»ó ÈáéÇ ¼³ù³ñ»³Ý« áñ ¹³ï³å³ñï»É¿ »ïù ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý ÅËïáÕ³Ï³Ý ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ« ³Ý¹ñ³¹³ñÓ³õ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý г-
Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ׳ݳãÙ³Ý µ³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ »õ Û³ÛïÝ»ó« ÿ ¶³Ý³ï³Ý å¿ïù ¿ ûñÇÝ³Ï ¹³éÝ³Û ³ÛÉ å»ïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ« áñáÝù ï³Ï³õÇÝ Ï»óáõ³Íù ã»Ý áñ¹»·ñ³Í Ð³Û ¸³ïÇÝ Ñ³Ý¹¿å« Û³ÝáõÝ ³ñ¹³ñáõû³Ý »õ ˳ճÕáõû³Ý: Êûëù ³éÇÝ ¶³Ý³ï³-г۳ëï³Ý ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÊÙµ³Ïóáõû³Ý ³ï»Ý³å»ï« »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý äñ³ÛÁÝ Ø¿Û« ¹³ßݳÏó³ÛÇÝ »ñ»ë÷á˳ÝÝ»ñ ü³Ûë³É ¾É-ÊáõñÇ« ä³å ê³ñáÛ³« ä³Ñå³ÝáÕ³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³Ïóáõû³Ý ջϳí³ñ ²Ýïñáõ ÞÇñ« ²É»ùë³Ýïñ äáõÉ»ñÇë« Ññ¿³Ï³Ý ѳٳÛÝùÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇã èÇãÁñï سñëû« ·³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý лÉÉ»ÝÇëï³Ï³Ý øáÝÏñ¿ëÇ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ ¹áÏï© Â¿áïáñ гɳóÇë« èáõ³Ýï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÛÝùÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇã ÔÇëÉ¿Ý Þ¿Ù »õ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ÑÇõå³ïáë ²ñ³ ØÏñï㻳ݫ áñáÝù Ý³Ë µ³ñÓñ ·Ý³Ñ³ï»óÇÝ Ñ³Û Ñ³Ù³ÛÝùÇÝ »õ ÁݹѳÝñ³å¿ë Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíáõñ¹ÇÝ í×é³Ï³ÙáõÃÇõÝÁª å³Ñ³Ýç³ïÇñáõû³Ý ³ÙµáÕç 104 ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõÝ ÁÝóóùÇÝ »õ ³å³ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ù¿ç Çñ»Ýó Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÁ:
²ÝáÝù Ãñù³Ï³Ý ϳé³í³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ Ññ³õÇñ»óÇÝ ³é»ñ»ëáõ»Éáõ Çñ ³Ýó»³ÉÇÝ Ñ»ï« ³ñ¹³ñáõû³Ý »õ ˳ճÕáõû³Ý ѳëï³ïÙ³Ý Ç ËݹÇñ: ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ð³Ûáó »ÙÇ ³é³çÝáñ¹ ´³µ·¿Ý ²ñù© â³ñ»³ÝÇ §ä³Ñå³ÝÇã¦áí í»ñç ·ï³õ ѳõ³ùÁ« áñÙ¿ »ïù ÐØÀØÇ ÷áÕ»ñ³ËáõÙµÇÝ »õ êϳáõï³Ï³Ý ϳ½ÙÇÝ ³é³çÝáñ¹áõû³Ùµ ÑáÍ µ³½ÙáõÃÇõÝÁ áõÕÕáõ»ó³õ ¹¿åÇ Ãñù³Ï³Ý ¹»ëå³Ý³ïáõÝ« áñáõÝ ³éç»õËûëù ³é³õ ÐÚ¸ ¶ºØÇ Î»¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý í³ñãáõû³Ý ³Ý¹³Ù سÝáõÏ ²É¿Ù»³Ý: î»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ݳ»õ ·»Õ³ñáõ»ëï³Ï³Ý Û³Ûï³·Çñ« Ù³ëݳÏóáõû³Ùµ ØÇñdz٠»õ ì³½·¿Ý гåÇåÇ »õ Û»Õ³÷áË³Ï³Ý »ñ·»ñáõ Ù»Ïݳµ³Ý Öáñ× ÂÇõÃÇõÝ×»³ÝÇ: ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ Ý³ËÏÇÝ ËûëÝ³Ï î¿ÛíÇï àõáñÝÁñÇ Ëûëùáí í»ñç ·ï³õ Ó»éݳñÏÁ« ÙÇÝ㪠Ãáõñù óáõó³ñ³ñÝ»ñ« ³Ýó³ñ·»ÉÝ»ñáõ ÙÇõë ÏáÕÙÁ ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳϿÇÝ Ë³÷³Ý»É ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÇ Ñ³õ³ùÁ: (ÐáñǽáÝ¿Ý)
¶³Ý³ï³Ñ³Û»ñáõ µáÕáùÇ óáÛóÁ Ï°áõÕÕáõÇ ¹¿åÇ Ãñù³Ï³Ý ¹»ëå³Ý³ïáõÝ:
²åñÇÉ 28ÇÝ,¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ î³ñ³ÍùÇÝ ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý à·»ÏáãÙ³Ý Ò»éݳñÏÝ»ñ
ê»Ýà ¶³ÃñÇÝ½Ç Ó»éݳñÏÇÝ Ý»ñÏ³Û ¿ÇÝ ù³Õ³ù³å»ï àõ³ÉÃÁñ ê»ÝÍÇù »õ ù³Õ³ù³å»ï³Ï³Ý ËáñÑáõñ¹Ç ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñ« ¹³ßݳÏó³ÛÇÝ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ ³Ý¹³Ù øñÇë äÇÃÁÉ« ݳѳݷ³ÛÇÝ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ ³Ý¹³Ù Ö¿ÝÇ êÃÇíÁÝë:
ì³Ý·áõíÁñÇ Ù¿ç гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Ûáõß³ÏáÃáÕÇÝ ³éç»õ. ݳѳݷ³ÛÇÝ »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý Â»ñ»ë³ àõ³Ã, î¿ñ ¶»Õ³ñ¹ ù³Ñ³Ý³Û γñ³å»ï»³Ý, ¶³ñ»·ÇÝ íñ¹. ÞËÁñïÁÙ»³Ý, ݳѳݷ³ÛÇÝ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñ ¾ïñÇÁÝ îÇùë, Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇñ Ú³Ïáµ î¿ñ Ú³Ïáµ»³Ý, Ñ»ÕÇÝ³Ï è³ýýÇ ä»ïñáë»³Ý »õ êí»Ýï è³åÇÝëÁÝ: ÎáÕùÇ Ýϳñ. ØáÝÃñ¿³ÉÇ Ù¿ç, êáõñµ Ú³Ïáµ ²½·³ÛÇÝ í³ñųñ³ÝÇ §´³ëïñÙ³×»³Ý¦ ëñ³Ñ¿Ý Ý»ñë« ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ø»å¿·Ç Ð³Û Ð³Ù³ÛÝùÇ Ødzó»³É سñÙÝÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå³Í á·»ÏáãáõÙÁ: Ü»ñÏ³Û ¿Çݪ ¸³ßݳÏó³ÛÇÝ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý« Áݹ¹ÇÙáõû³Ý »õ ݳѳݷ³ÛÇÝ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý »õ Áݹ¹ÇÙáõû³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ« ØáÝÃñ¿³ÉÇ »õ ȳõ³ÉÇ ù³Õ³ù³å»ï³Ï³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ« ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ùûï ÐÐ ÑÇõå³ïáë ïdzñ ²ñ³ ØÏñï㻳ݫ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ð³Ûáó »ÙÇ µ³ñ»ç³Ý ³é³çÝáñ¹ ´³µ·¿Ý ²ñù© â³ñ»³Ý:
4
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
¶²Ü²î² вڲêî²Ü
²Ý³ÑÇï Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ø¿ç г۳ëï³ÝÇ ¸»ëå³Ý Ü߳ݳÏáõ»ó³õ
Üáñ³Ýß³Ý³Ï ¹»ëå³Ý ²Ý³ÑÇï Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý
ÐРݳ˳·³Ñ ²ñÙ¿Ý ê³ñ·ë»³ÝÇ Ññ³Ù³Ý³·Çñáíª ²Ý³ÑÇï Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý Ý߳ݳÏáõ³Í ¿ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ù¿ç г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõû³Ý ³ñï³Ï³ñ· »õ Édz½ûñ ¹»ëå³Ý (Ýëï³í³ÛñÁª úÃóáõ³)£ ²Ý³ÑÇï Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý ÍÝ³Í ¿ 1975ÇÝ: 1992-1997-ÇÝ áõë³Ý³Í ¿ ºñ»-
õ³ÝÇ å»ï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç` ³ñ»õ³É³·ÇïáõÃÇõÝ »õ µ³Ý³ëÇñáõÃÇõÝ, óñ·Ù³ÝáõÃÇõÝ (Ãñù»ñ¿Ý), 2001-2007` É»½áõÝ»ñáõ áõëáõóÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÁ »õ Ù³·ÇëïñáëÇ ÏáãáõÙ ëï³ó³Í: лï»õ³Í ¿ ¹Çõ³Ý³·Çïáõû³Ý »õ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Û³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ¹³ëÁÝóóùÝ»ñáõ` º·ÇåïáëÇ, ºõñáå³ÛÇ »õ Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ Ù¿ç: 1997-2005 ³ß˳ï³Í ¿ ²ñï³ùÇÝ ·áñÍáó ݳ˳ñ³ñáõû³Ý Ù¿ç, 20052008 ²ñųÝÃÇÝÇ ÐÐ ¹»ëå³Ýáõû³Ý »ñÏñáñ¹ ù³ñïáõÕ³ñ, 2009-2011 ÐРݳ˳·³ÑÇ ³ß˳ï³Ï³½ÙÇÝ Ù¿ç, 2011-2014 ä»É×Çù³ÛÇ ÐÐ ¹»ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ³é³çÇÝ ù³ñïáõÕ³ñ, 2014-2018 ÐÐ ²ñï³ùÇÝ ¶áñÍáó ݳ˳ñ³ñÇ û·Ý³Ï³Ý, 2018 ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñ ÄÁÝ»õÇ Ø²ÎÇ ·ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÇÝ »õ ³ÛÉ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ Þáõ¿ïÇ ÐÐ ¹»ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ·áñÍ»ñáõ ųٳݳϳõáñ ѳõ³ï³ñÙ³ï³ñ »õ Þáõ¿ïÇ ÐÐ ¹»ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³Ï³Ý: ÎÁ ïÇñ³å»ï¿ éáõë»ñ¿Ý, ³Ý·É»ñ¿Ý, ëå³Ý»ñ¿Ý, Ãñù»ñ¿Ý É»½áõÝ»ñáõÝ:
²Ýݳ Ú³Ïáµ»³Ý ÐÇõñÁÝÏ³É³Í ¿ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ø¿ç ÐÐ ä³ïáõáÛ ÐÇõå³ïáë ì³Ý ȳ÷áÛ»³ÝÁ
ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ å³ïáõáÛ ¹»ëå³Ý ì. ȳ÷áÛ»³Ý ÏÁ ѳݹÇåÇ ²Ýݳ Ú³Ïáµ»³ÝÇ Ñ»ï, ºñ»õ³Ý:
ÐÐ í³ñã³å»ïÇ ïÇÏÇÝ, §ÆÙ ø³Û§ÐÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇÝ µáÉáñ Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ÉÁ¦ »õ §City of smile ÅåÇïÝ»ñÇ ø³- ñáõÝ ÑÇÙùÁ ÏñÃáõÃÇõÝÝ ¿: Ø»ñ Ýå³Õ³ù¦ µ³ñ»·áñÍ³Ï³Ý ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÝ»- ï³ÏÝ ¿ »ñϳñ³Å³ÙÏ¿ï Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ñáõ ñáõ Ñá·³µ³ñÓáõÝ»ñáõ ËáñÑáõñ¹Ç ÙÇçáóáí ѳëÝÇÉ Éáõñç ÷á÷áËáõÃÇõÝݻݳ˳·³Ñ ²Ýݳ Ú³Ïáµ»³Ý ²åñÇÉ ñáõ, µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»É Ù³ñ¹áó Ï»Ýë³Ù³18ÇÝ ÁݹáõÝ³Í ¿ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ù¿ç ÐÐ - ϳñ¹³ÏÁ, ÷áË»É Ùï³Í»É³Ï»ñåÁ¦, Áå³ïáõáÛ ÑÇõå³ïáëª ì³Ý ȳ÷áÛ»³- ë³Í ¿ ÚáíѳÝÝ¿ë Ô³½³ñ»³Ý` Ý Á , § ² ñ Ù » Ý ³ Ï à õ ñ ý ³ Ý » ³ Ý ¦ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»Éáí ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇÝ ·áñÍáõÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇ Ñá·³µ³ñÓáõÝ»ñáõ Ëáñ- Ý¿áõû³Ý áõÕÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ: Ñáõñ¹Ç ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇ㪠Êáȳ÷áÛ»³ÝÇ Ëݹñ³Ýùáí Ô³½³ñ¿Ý سñïáÛ»³ÝÝ áõ гÛÏ È³÷áÛ»³ÝÁ: ñ»³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óáõó³Í ¿ §Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÁ гݹÇåáõÙÇÝ Ý»ñÏ³Û ·ïÝáõ³Í ¿ ݳ»õ ³é³Ýó Ï»ñåÁÝϳɿ (plastic) ó÷áݧÆÙ ø³ÛÉÁ¦ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇ ·áñͳ¹Çñ Ý»ñáõ¦ Íñ³·ÇñÇÝ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý áõÕÕáõïÝûñ¿Ýª ÚáíѳÝÝ¿ë Ô³½³ñ»³Ý: ÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ: ²Ý ß»ßï³Í ¿, áñ Íñ³·ÇñÁ Çì³Ý ȳ÷áÛ»³Ý Ëݹñ³Í ¿ Ù³Ýñ³- ñ³Ï³Ý³óÙ³Ý ÷áõÉÇ Ù¿ç ¿, áñáõÝ Ù³ëÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»É §ÆÙ ø³ÛÉÁ¦ ÑÇÙ- ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ ѳë³ñ³Ïáõݳ¹ñ³ÙÇ ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõÃÇõÝÁ` ß»ßï»Éáí, û³Ý ɳÛÝ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñ¿ Ý»ñë Çñ³Ï³áñ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ù¿ç µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ Ñ³Û ·áñ- ݳóÝ»É í³ñù³·ÇÍÇ ÷á÷áËáõÃÇõÝ, ù³Í³ñ³ñÝ»ñ ó³ÝÏáõÃÇõÝ áõÝÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ç³É»ñ»Éáí, áñ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ññ³Å³ñÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ µ»ñ»Éáõ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇ Ï»ñåÁÝÏ³É Çñ»ñ ·áñͳͻɿ: Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ñáõÝ: ²Ýݳ Ú³Ïáµ»³Ý ß»ßгݹÇåÙ³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ ùÝݳñÏááñ ¿³Ï³Ý Ñ»é³Ýϳñ³ÛÇÝ ³ñÅ¿ù ÏÁ ï³Í ¿, áñ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇÝ áõÕÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»- õ³Í »Ý ݳ»õ г۳ëï³Ý-ê÷Çõéù ϳݻñϳ۳óÝ¿ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ£ ñÁ ɳÛÝ »Ý »õ Áݹ·ñÏáõÝ: å»ñáõ ³Ùñ³åÝ¹Ù³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñ£ 2018-ÇÝ ATN-Ç ³Ý¹³Ù ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ÑÇõñÁÝÏ³É³Í »Ý ÷áË í³ñã³å»ï îÇ·ñ³Ý ²áõÇÝ»³ÝÇ ·É˳õáñáõû³Ùµ ÂáñáÝÃû »õ Èáë ²Ý×ÁÉÁë Ù»ÏÝ³Í ³é³çÇÝ ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý å³ïáõÇñ³ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ£ ²ßÝ³Ý 6 ³Ý¹³Ù ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ¿Ý Ùûï »ñÏáõ ï³ëÝ»³Ï Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ Ù³ëݳÏó³Í ¿Ý üñ³Ýë³Ëûëáõû³Ý ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý ýáñáõÙÇÝ£ ÚáõÝáõ³ñÇÝ òÇõñÇËÇ Ù¿ç ÐÐ í³ñã³å»ïÇÝ å³ïáõÇñ³ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ ÑÇõñÁÝϳÉáõ»ó³õ ï»ÕÇ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ³é»õïñ³ÛÇÝ å³É³ïÇÝ ÏáÕÙ¿£ ²ÛÉ ÷áË·áñͳÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÇÝ ï»ÕÇ áõݻݳɣ ÎáãÇÝ Ù¿ç ݳ»õ ³ñӳݳ·ñáõ³Í ¿, áñ ATN-Á ëÏë³Í ¿ Ññ³å³ñ³Ï»É ß³µ³Ã³Ï³Ý ·áñͳñ³ñ Éáõñ»ñáõ ³Ù÷á÷áõ٠г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ù³ëÇÝ Çñ ѳÙÁݹѳÝáõñ ·áñͳñ³ñ ѳٳÛÝùÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ »õ å³ïñ³ëï ¿ ûųݹ³Ï»Éáõ ³Û¹ ·áñÍÇÝ: ATNÇ ÏáãÁ áõÕÕáõ³Í ¿ Çñ ³Ý¹³Ù ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ³÷Çõé- ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñÇ ·áñͳϳï³ñ ´. î¿ñ ¶ñÇ·áñ»³Ý »õ ì. öÇñ×»³Ý»³Ý ѳݹÇåÙ³Ý ùÇ µáÉáñ ·áñͳñ³ñÝ»ñáõݪ Ý»ñ·ñ³õá- ÁÝóóùÇÝ, ºñ»õ³Ý: õ»Éáõ »õ ûųݹ³Ï»Éáõ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ñ»ï ²åñÇÉ 9ÇÝ ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñÇ ï³ñÇ »õ ³Ýáñ ·ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÇ ³å³·³Û ѳٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ Ï³å»ñáõ ½³ñ·³ó- å³ñï³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ϳï³ñáÕ ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõû³Ý: ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñÇ Ù³Ý ·áñÍÇÝ£ ´³µÏ¿Ý î¿ñ ¶ñÇ·áñ»³Ý ÁݹáõÝ»ó ·³- å³ßïûݳϳï³ñÁ Ýß»ó, áë÷ÇõéùÇ Ý³Ð²ò-Á ÙÇ³Ï ÙÇçáÉáñï³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ù³- Ý ³ ï ³ Ñ ³ Û · á ñ Í ³ ñ ³ ñ , § M e t r a s ˳ñ³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ ÙdzóÙ³Ý Ó»õáí ÏÁ í»Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ·áñͳñ³ñ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõ- shipping¦ ÁÝÏ»ñáõû³Ý ·áñͳ¹Çñ ïÝû- ñ³Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÇ` í³ñã³å»ïÇ ³ßÃÇõÝÝ ¿, áñ ÏÁ Ý»ñ³é¿ 18 ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÇõÝ- ñ¿Ý, гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ³é»õïñ³ÛÇÝ ó³ÝóÇ Ë³ï³Ï³½ÙÇÝ Ù¿ç ëï»ÕÍ»Éáõ ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ý»ñ 13 »ñÏÇñÝ»ñ¿£ γ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõû³Ý ËáñÑáõñ¹Ç ³Ý¹³Ù »õ ÝáÛÝ Ï³éáÛóÇ ³- ·áñÍ»ñáõ ·É˳õáñ Û³ÝÓݳϳï³ñÇ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ í»ñ³Ï³éáõó»É ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý é³çÇÝ Ý³Ë³·³Ñª ì³Ññ³Ù öÇñç³- ·ñ³ë»Ý»³Ï, áñ ÑÇÙݳϳÝûñ¿Ý åÇïÇ ³ß˳ïÇ 4 áõÕÕáõû³Ùµ` ѳÛñ»Ý³¹³ñ¹³ñ³õáñ ³é»õïñ³ÛÇÝ ó³Ýó»ñÁª Ýå³ë- Ý»³ÝÁ: гݹÇåÙ³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ ùÝݳñÏá- ÓáõÃÇõÝ »õ ѳٳñÏáõÙ, ѳ۳å³Ñå³ï»Éáí Ýáñ ϳå»ñáõ ³é³ç³óÙ³Ý »õ Ýáñ ѳñÃ³Ï ëï»ÕÍ»Éáí ³÷ÇõéùÇ »õ õ»ó³Ý ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõû³Ý Û»- ÝáõÃÇõÝ »õ ѳٳÛÝùÝ»ñáõÝ ³ç³Ïóáõг۳ëï³ÝÇ ³é»õïñ³ñ¹Çõݳµ»ñ³- ï³·³Û ϳéáõóáõ³ÍùÇ, Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ»ñáõ ÃÇõÝ, ѳٳѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ûñ³Ï³ñ·Ç Ï³Ý å³É³ïÝ»ñáõ »õ ·áñͳñ³ñ ÙÇáõ- ËóÝÙ³Ý, гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ³é»õïñ³ÛÇÝ Ó»õ³õáñáõÙ »õ ë÷ÇõéùÇ Ý»ñáõÅÇ Ýå³ÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ѳٳñ ·Çï»ÉÇùÇ »õ ÷áñÓÇ ó³ÝóÇ Ñ»ñÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³ÅáÕáíÇ Ï³½- ï³Ï³ÛÇÝ û·ï³·áñÍáõ٠г۳ëï³ÝÇ ÷á˳ݳÏÙ³Ý, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ Ýå³ëï»É ٳϻñåÙ³Ý Ñ»ï ϳåáõ³Í ѳñó»ñ: ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý ·áñÍÇÝ Ù¿ç: ´³µÏ¿Ý î¿ñ ¶ñÇ·áñ»³Ý ѳٳéûï öÇñç³Ý»³Ý ϳñ»õáñ ѳٳñ»ó ݳг۳ëï³ÝÇ ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý ûñ³Ï³ñ·ÇÝ£ гٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõó ݳ˳ñ³ñáõû³Ý Û»ï³- ˳ñ³ñáõû³Ý Ñ»ï ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ ß³Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ·áñͳñ³ñ ó³ÝóÁ ÏñÝ³Û ·³Û ϳñ·³íÇ׳ÏÁ, ³Ý¹ñ³¹³ñÓ³õ ñáõݳϳϳÝáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ ѳٳ·áñͳÏê÷ÇõéùÇ ·áñÍ»ñáõ Û³ïáõÏ Û³ÝÓݳϳ- ó » É á õ å ³ ï ñ ³ ë ï ³ Ï ³ Ù á õ Ã Ç õ Ý Á : ß³ñ. ï»ë ¿ç 28
гٳѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ²é»õïáõñÇ ò³ÝóÁ Ïáã Ï°áõÕÕ¿ ê÷Çõéù³Ñ³Û ¶áñͳñ³ñÝ»ñáõÝ Ü»ñ¹ñáõ٠γï³ñ»Éáõ гÛñ»ÝÇùÇ Ø¿ç гٳѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ²é»õïáõñÇ ä³É³ïÁ, áñ ݳ»õ ͳÝûà ¿ áñå¿ë гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ²é»õïñ³ÛÇÝ ò³Ýó (ATN-вò), í»ñç»ñë Ïáã áõÕÕ³Í ¿ ³÷Çõéù³Ñ³Û ·áñͳñ³ñ ѳٳÛÝùÝ»ñáõݪ ³õ»ÉÇ ³ßËáÛÅ Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ»ñ ϳï³ñ»Éáõ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ù¿ç »õ ûųݹ³Ï»Éáõ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ñ»ï ѳٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ Ï³å»ñáõ ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý ·áñÍÇÝ: §²ñÙ»Ý÷ñ»ë¦Ç ÷á˳Ýóٳٵª ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÁ ݳ»õ ÏÁ Û³ÛïÝ¿ Çñ å³ïñ³ëï³Ï³ÙáõÃÇõÝÁª ³ç³Ïó»Éáõ ³÷Çõéù-г۳ëï³Ý, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ·áñͳñ³ñ³Ï³Ý ϳå»ñáõ ½³ñ·³óٳݣ ÎáãÁ ÉáÛë ï»ë³Í ¿ ATN-Ç Éñ³µ»ñÇÝ Ù¿ç: §²Ûë ûñ»ñÇÝ, Ù»ñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÇ Ýáñûñ»³Û å³ïÙáõû³Ý ³Ù»Ý³÷³ÛÉáõÝ ¿ç»ñÇó Ù¿ÏÝ ¿ Ï»ñïõáõÙ¦, Áëáõ³Í ¿ñ ³Ýó»³É ï³ñáõ³Ý ²åñÇÉÇÝ Ññ³å³ñ³Ïáõ³Í ATN-Ç ·áñͳ¹Çñ ËáñÑáõñ¹Ç Û³Ûï³ï³ñáõû³Ý Ù¿ç (ϳñ¹³É), áõñ ݳ»õ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÁ ÛáÛë Û³ÛïÝ³Í ¿ñ, áñ Û³é³çÇϳÛÇÝ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý µ³ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñáõ Íñ³·ÇñÁª ÙÇïáõ³Í ·áñͳñ³ñ ³ñ¹³ñ Ùñó³Ïóáõ-û³Ý »õ Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙ³ÛÇÝ ¹³ßïÇ µ³ñ»É³õÙ³Ý, åÇïÇ ÁÉÉ³Û Ëáñù³ÛÇÝ, ѳٳñÓ³Ï áõ ѳٳå³ñ÷³Ï£ ATN-Ç ÏáãÁ Ï°³Ý¹ñ³¹³éÝ³Û í»ñç»ñë Ññ³å³ñ³Ïáõ³Í γé³í³ñáõû³Ý îÝï»ë³Ï³Ý Ú»Õ³÷áËáõû³Ý ÑÝ·³Ù»³Û Íñ³·ñÇÝ, áñ Ï°»Ýó¹ñ¿ Ëáñù³ÛÇÝ µ³ñ»÷áËáõÙÝ»ñ£ §Ø»Ýù áÕçáõÝáõÙ »Ýù Üáñ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý Éáõñç Ùï³¹ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, Û³ïϳå¿ë ßáõÏ³Û³Ï³Ý ³Ý³½ÝÇõ Û³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ »õ ³ã³éáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ³ñÙ³ï³ËÇÉ ³Ý»Éáõ ѳñóáõÙ¦, Áëáõ³Í ¿ ÏáãÇÝ Ù¿ç£ ÆÝãå¿ë ÏÁ ÝßáõÇ, Û»Õ³÷áËáõÃ»Ý¿Ý »ïù ATN-Ç Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÁ ѳݹÇå³Í »Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý å³ßïûÝ»³Ý»ñáõ Ñ»ï »õ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõó³Íª Çñ»Ýó ï»ë³Ï¿ïÝ»ñÝ áõ ϳéáÛóÁª ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ·áñͳñ³ñ Ýáñ ѳñóÏÁ,
¶³Ý³ï³Ñ³Û ¶áñͳñ³ñÁ ²Ûó»É»ó ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ü³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÇõÝ
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
ÂàðàÜÂàÐ²Ú Îº²Üø
ð³ýýÇ ä»ïñá뻳ÝÇ Üáñ³ïÇå гïáñÇÝ ÞÝáñѳݹ¿ëÁª ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ø¿ç Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ ¸»ñӳϻ³Ý
γ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõû³Ùµ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ð³Ù³½·³ÛÇÝ Ð³Û ÎñÃ³Ï³Ý »õ Øß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ØÇáõû³Ý §¶É³Óáñ¦ سëݳ×ÇõÕÇÝ, Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇÝ »õ äáÉë³Ñ³Û Øß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ØÇáõû³Ý, 31 سñï 2019 ÎÇñ³ÏÇ Û»ïÙÇçûñ¿ÇÝ, Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ §Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ Ø³ÝáõÏ»³Ý¦ ·ñ³¹³ñ³ÝÇÝ Ù¿çï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ͳÝûóóáõÙÁ §Trauma and Resilience¦ ³Ý·É»ñ¿Ý ·ÇñùÇÝ, áñáõÝÑ»ÕÇݳÏÝ ¿ ׳ñï³ñ³·¿ï, »ñ³ÅÇßï, Ûû¹áõ³Í³·Çñ ð³ýýÇ ä»ïñá뻳ݣ ¶ÇñùÁ ÂáõñùÇáÛÙ¿ç ³åñáÕ Íåï»³É Ñ³Û»ñáõ Ù³ëÇÝ É³ÛÝ ï»Õ»ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ÏÁ µáí³Ý¹³Ï¿£ ²ÝÇϳ Ññ³ï³ñ³Ïáõ³Í ¿ ²Ý·ÉÇáÛ Ù¿ç ·áñÍáÕ §ÎáÙÇï³ë ÐÇÙݳñÏ¦Ç ÏáÕÙ¿, ³ç³Ïóáõû³Ùµ ÑÇÙݳñÏÇ ïÝûñ¿Ýª ²ñ³ ê³ñ³ý»³ÝÇ£ ¶ñùÇÝ Ý³Ë³µ³ÝÁ ·ñáõ³Í ¿ ÷³ëï³µ³Ý ü¿ÃÑÇÛ¿ â¿ÃÇÝÇ »õ å³ïÙ³µ³Ý ³ݿñ ²ùã³ÙÇ ÏáÕÙ¿£ êñ³ÑÁ É»óáõÝ ¿ñ ·ñ³ë¿ñÝ»ñáõ ÑáÍ µ³½Ùáõû³Ùµ, áñáÝù Ù»Í Ñ»ï³ùñùñáõû³Ùµ Ñ»ï»õ»ó³Ý ³Ûë ß³Ñ»Ï³Ý Ó»éݳñÏÇÝ£ àÕçáÛÝÇ Ëûëùáí ѳݹ¿ë »Ï³õ ·ñ³¹³ñ³ÝÇ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõÝ»ñ¿Ý ²ñßû ¼³ù³ñ»³Ý, áñ áõñ³Ëáõû³Ùµ Û³ÛïÝ»ó, ÿ Ð³Û ú·Ýáõû³Ý ØÇáõû³Ý §èáõåÇݳ¦ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇ 50ñ¹ ï³ñ»¹³ñÓÇÝ ³éÇÃáí ÏÁ ÑÇõñÁÝÏ³É»Ý áõ ÏÁ å³ïáõ»Ý ð³ýýÇ ä»ïñá뻳ÝÁ Çñ³½·³ÛÇÝ ·áñÍ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ »õ »ñ³Ëï³·Çïáõû³Ý ½·³óáõÙÝ»ñ ³ñï³Û³Ûï»ó ·ñùÇ Ñ»ÕÇÝ³Ï ð³ýýÇ ä»ïñá뻳ÝÇ Ýϳïٳٵ, áñ ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ Ù³ÙáõÉÇ Ù¿ç ÉáÛë ï»ë³Í 63 ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ѳõ³ù³Í áõ ³ÝáÝó íñ³Û ³õ»ÉóÝ»Éáí 10 Ýáñ Ûû¹áõ³ÍÝ»ñ, å³ïÏ»ñÝ»ñ »õ ù³ñï¿ëÝ»ñ, ³é³õ»É ×á˳óáõ³Í Ó»õáí ·ÇñùÁ ÏÁ Ññ³ÙóÝ¿ñ ѳÝñáõû³Ý£
¶ÇñùÁ ÏÁ µ³ó³Û³Ûï¿ ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ù¿ç ³åñáÕ Ñ³Û»ñÁ, óùáõÝ Ñ³Û»ñÁ, µ³Ûó ٳݳõ³Ý¹ ßáõñç ѳñÇõñ ï³ñÇÝ»ñ Û»ïáÛ Çñ»Ýó µáõÝ ÇÝùÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ³ñï³Û³ÛïáÕ Ñ³Û»ñÁ, áñáÝù Çñ»Ýó Ï»³ÝùÇ í»ñçÇÝûñ»ñáõÝ ù³çáõÃÇõÝÁ áõÝ»ó³Ý Çñ»Ýó ½³õ³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ µ³ó³ïñ»Éáõ Çñ»Ýó µáõÝÏñûÝùÝáõ ëϽµÝ³Ï³Ý Ï»³ÝùÁ, »õ ÿ áíù»±ñ ¿ÇÝ »õ DZÝãå¿ë Ï°³åñ¿ÇÝ£ ¶ÇñùÇÝ ÝϳñÝ»ñÁ Ù¿Ï ³é Ù¿Ï óáõó³¹ñáõ»ó³Ý Ù»Í å³ëï³éÇ ÙÁ íñ³Û£ ð³ýýÇ ä»ïñáë»³Ý Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ ÝϳñÇ »õ óùáõÝ Ñ³Û»ñáõ Ù³ëÇÝ Ù³Ýñ³Ù³ëÝ µ³ó³ïñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ÷á˳Ýó»ó£ î»Õ»ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ïáõ³õ îÇ·ñ³Ý³Ï»ñïÇ êáõñµ ÎÇñ³Ïáë »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ Ù³ëÇÝ, áñ ØÇçÇÝ ²ñ»õ»ÉùÇ ³Ù»Ý³Ù»Í »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ ¿ñ, Ýß»Éáí ÿ ÇÝãå¿ë 1915-ÇÝ ½³Ý·³Ï³ïáõÝÁ ÷áõÉ »Ï³õ ·»ñÙ³Ý ëå³Ý»ñáõ éÙµ³ÏáÍáõû³Ùµ£ ²õ»ñ³ÏÇ í»ñ³Íáõ³Í »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ 2011-ÇÝ »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ Â³Õ³ÛÇÝ ÊáñÑáõñ¹ÇÝ ÏáÕÙ¿ í»ñ³Ýáñá·áõû³Ý »ÝóñÏáõ»Éáí, 2012-ÇÝ ãáñë ѳ½³ñ Ñá·ÇÇ Ý»ñϳÛáõû³Ùµ í»ñûÍáõ»ó³õ áõ í»ñ³µ³óáõ»ó³õ »õáõñÙß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ½³Ý³½³Ý Ó»éݳñÝ»ñ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõ»ó³Ý£ ð³ýýÇ ä»ïñá뻳ÝÝ ¿ñ, áñ ³é³çÇÝ ³éÃÇõ »ñ³Åßï³Ï³Ý ѳٻñ· ÙÁ ϳï³ñ»ó ³ÛÝï»Õ£ ²Û¹ Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ ¹¿åÇ Ð³Û³ëï³Ý åïáÛïÝ»ñ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõ»ó³Ý£ ²Ûë åïáÛïÝ»ñáõÝ Ù³ëݳÏó»ó³Ý ÂáõñùÇáÛ ½³Ý³½³Ý ßñç³ÝÝ»ñ¿Ý óùáõÝ Ñ³Û»ñ, Ù³ëݳõáñ³µ³ñ ѳ۳Ëûë ѳۻñ, áñáÝó Ù¿ç Ù»Í Ñ»ï³ùñùñáõÃÇõÝ ³ñÃÝó³õ Çñ»Ýó ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ³ñÙ³ïÝ»ñáõÝ Ýϳïٳٵ£ 1915¿Ý ѳñÇõñ ï³ñÇÝ»ñ Û»ïáÛ, óùÝáõ³Í ѳۻñ¿Ý áÙ³Ýù Ù»Í Ñ³Ù³ñÓ³Ïáõû³Ùµ áñáß»óÇÝ í»ñ³¹³éÝ³É Çñ»Ýó ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ³ñÙ³ïÝ»ñáõÝ£ 2015-¿Ý í»ñç ÂáõùÇáÛ Ñ³ñ³õ³ÛÇÝ ßñç³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ
5
ð³ýýÇ ä»ïñáë»³Ý ÏÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ¿ Çñ ·ÇñùÁ гٳ½·³ÛÇÝÇ ·ñ³¹³ñ³Ý¿Ý Ý»ñë, سñï 31, ÂáñáÝÃû:
Ù¿ç å³ï³Ñ³Í ÏéÇõÝ»ñáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ êáõñµ ÎÇñ³Ïáë »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ µ³õ³Ï³Ý íݳëáõ»ó³õ, µ³Ûó Ý»ñϳÛÇë Ãñù³Ï³Ý ϳé³í³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ Û³ÝÓÝ ³é³Í ¿ ÏñÏÇÝ í»ñ³Ýáñá·»É ½³ÛÝ£ ð³ýýÇ ä»ïñáë»³Ý ³Ûë Ñ»ï³ùñùñ³Ï³Ý ·ñùÇ Í³ÝûóóáõÙÇ ³õ³ñïÇÝ ç»ñÙ³å¿ë ·Ý³Ñ³ïáõ»ó³õ Ý»ñÏ³Û ·ñ³ë¿ñÝ»ñáõ ÏáÕÙ¿£ ²ÛÝáõÑ»ï»õ ³Ý Ý»ñϳݻñáõ ѳñóáõÙÝ»ñáõÝ å³ï³ë˳ݻó, áñÙ¿ »ïù ٳϳ·ñ»ó Çñ Ýáñ³ïÇå ·ÇñùÁ£ γ½Ù³Ï»ñåÇã Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ ³ÝáõÝáí ÈáñÇÏ ¶³ÃÁñ×»³Ý, ²ñßû ¼³ù³ñ»³Ý »õ ²ñ³Ù Æßݳñ Ùdzëݳµ³ñ ð³ýýÇ ä»ïñá뻳ÝÇÝ ·»Õ»óÇÏ Ûáõß³ï³Ëï³Ï ÙÁ Û³ÝÓÝ»óÇÝ£²õ³ñïÇݪ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ å³ïß³× ÑÇõñ³ëÇñáõÃÇõÝ£
¶áõë³Ý ºñ·ã³ËáõÙµÇ ²éÇÝùÝáÕ ºÉáÛÃÁ سñ³ÃáõÏ
ÎÁ Éë»Ýù ³ë¹Ç¿Ý ³Ý¹Ç¿Ý« Ù»Ýù »õë ³ñÃáõÝ íϳݻñÝ »Ýù« ÿ ÇÝãå¿ë Ñ³Û »ñ·Á ³ÝÁÝ¹Ñ³ï »õ ³Ù»Ýáõñ»ù »ÝÃ³Ï³Û ÏÁ ¹³éÝ³Û Çñ ¹ÇÙ³·ÇÍÇÝ« Çñ ÇÝùÝáõû³Ý ëå³éݳóáÕ ûï³ñ³Ùáõï áÛÅ»ñáõ« ÁÉÉ³Ý ³ÝáÝù Ãñù³Ï³Ý« å³ñëϳϳݫ ³ñ³µ³Ï³Ý ÿ ³ÛÉ »ñ³Ý·³õáñáõÙÝ»ñ£ ´³ñ»µ³Ëï³µ³ñ« ³Ûë »ñ»õáÛÃÇÝ ÙÇõë »ñ»ëÁ ϳ۪ Ñ³Û »ñ·Á ³Ý³Õ³ñï å³Ñ»Éáõ »õ Ýáñ³Ñ³ë ë»ñáõݹÇÝ ÷á˳Ýó»Éáõ ïùݳç³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ« áñáõÝ Û³Ù³éûñ¿Ý ϳéã³Í ÏÁ ÙÝ³Û Ð³Ù³½·³ÛÇÝÁ` ³Ûë å³ñ³·³ÛÇÝ ¶É³Óáñ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÁ« Çñ §¶áõë³Ý¦ »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµáí£ ÎÇñ³ÏÇ« 17 سñïÇ Û»ïÙÇçûñ¿ÇÝ« гٳ½·³ÛÇÝÇ î³Ã»õ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇ Ññ³õ¿ñáíª ¶¿ÛåñÇ×Ç Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝ¿Ý Ý»ñë ϳ۳ó³Í гٳ½·³ÛÇÝÇ §¶áõë³Ý¦ »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµÇ Ñ³Ù»ñ·Á« µÍ³Ëݹñáõû³Ùµ ѳٳ¹ñáõ³Í »ñ·»ñáõ ³Ûɳ½³Ýáõû³ÙµÝ áõ µ³ñÓñáñ³Ï« Ñá·»Ãáí ϳï³ñáõÙÝ»ñáí« Ñå³ñïáõû³Ý »õ Ûáõ½áõÙÇ å³Ñ»ñ ëï»ÕÍ»ó ѳݹÇë³ï»ëÇÝ Ùûï« Ý³Ù³Ý³õ³Ý¹ ¶¿ÛÙåñÇ×Ç ÝÙ³Ý ÷áùñ³ÃÇõ ѳٳÛÝùÇ ÙÁ Ù¿ç« áõñ ³ÛëåÇëÇ »ñ»õáÛÃÝ»ñÁ ѳ½áõ³¹¿å »Ý ï³ñáõ³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ£ ¶¿ÛÙåñÇ×Ç Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ ëñ³ÑÇÝ Ù¿ç »Ýù« ųÙÁ ѳë³Í ¿© ͳ÷»ñáõ Ý»ñù»õ« Çñ»ñ³Û³çáñ¹ Ï»ñåáí ëñ³Ñ Ùáõïù ÏÁ ·áñÍ»Ý ÃÇõáí í³ÃëáõÝ Ñ³ßáõáÕ §¶áõë³Ý¦ »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁ« í³ëï³Ï³õáñ ¹³ßݳϳѳñ ì³ÝÇÏ ÚáíѳÝÝÇ뻳ÝÝ áõ ï³Õ³Ý¹³õáñ ËÙµ³í³ñ ÐéÇ÷ëÇÙ¿ Âáíٳ뻳ÝÁ© í³ÛñÏ»³Ý Ù'ÇëÏ ã³Ýó³Í« ÏÁ ë³õ³éÝÇÝù ¹¿åÇ Ñ³Ûñ»ÝÇù« Ù»ñ Ù»ÏݳϿïÝ áõ í»ñç³Ï¿ïÁ£ §ÆÙ Ñ»é³õáñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇù¦áí سëÇëÇ áõ êÇ÷³ÝÇ Ï³ñûïÁ Ï'»ñ·»Ýù« §¶³ñ³ÑÇë³ñ¦áí í»ñëïÇÝ Ã³÷ Ï'³éÝ¿ Ù»ñ ³½·³ÛÇÝ á·ÇÝ« §ºë ³ÕçÇÏ »Ù¦ ùÝùáÛß »ñ·Ç ϳï³ñáõÙáí ÏÁ ûûõÝ³Ý Ù»ñ Ñá·ÇÝ»ñÁ ·¿Ã ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ í³ÛñÏ»³Ý« ÙÇÝã»õ ѳëÝÇÝù §ø»É¿ ȳû¦ÇÝ£ øÇã»ñÝ
»Ý ³Ûëûñ« áñÙ»ñ å³å»Ý³Ï³Ý »ñ·»ñÁ ÏÁ ϳï³ñ»Ý ³Ûëù³Ý ѳñ³½³ïûñ¿Ý« áñù³Ý ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý »ñ·»ñáõ Ù»Ïݳµ³Ý Üí»ñ Ô³½³ñ»³ÝÁ© Çñ Ññ³åáõñÇã Ù»Ïݳµ³Ýáõû³Ý« ïáõïáõÏÇ íñ³Û Ï'ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÏóÇ áñ¹Çݪ å³ï³ÝÇ ï³ñÇùÇÝ ÇëÏ µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ ³éÇÃÝ»ñáí ѳݹ¿ë »Ï³Í ê»Ûñ³Ý Ô³½³ñ»³ÝÁ« áñáõÝ ³ÝÙÇç³å¿ë ÏÁ Û³çáñ¹¿ êÇÉí³ Î³åáõïÇÏ»³ÝÇ §ø»É¿ ȳû¦ µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÇõÝÁ« ³ëÙáõÝùáÕ Â³Ù³ñ îûݳå»ï»³Ý ¶áõ½áõ»³ÝÇ ïå³õáñÇã Ù»Ïݳµ³Ýáõû³Ùµ£§äÇÝÏ¿ûɦÝáõ ÎáÙÇï³ëÇ §Î³ÛÝÇ »³ñû¦Ý Çñ»ñ³Û³çáñ¹ Ï»ñåáí ÏÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ¿ »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµÁ áõ §ÎéáõÝÏÝ»ñ¦áõ ûõ»ñáõÝ« §Üáõå³ñ¦Ç §åûÛ¦áí Ñdzó³Í ÏÁ ѳëÝÇÝù »ñÏñáñ¹ ٻݻñ·Çݪ Ùûñ Ù³ëÇÝ ·ñáõ³Í §ä³ïñ³ÝùÇ Ã»õáí¦ ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõû³Ý« Ñá۳ϳå Ù»Ïݳµ³Ýáõû³Ùµ ßÝáñѳÉÇ ØÇÝ¿ ̳ïáõñ»³ÝÇ£ ´³ñë»Õ γݳ㻳ÝÇ ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ¿Ý §Þáõßû¦Ý Çõñ³Û³ïáõÏ ï»Õ ·ñ³õ³Í ¿ ¶áõë³Ý³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ Ùûï« Ã¿ Çñ µ³ñµ³é³ÛÇÝ å³ñáõݳÏáõû³Ùµ« »õ ÿ »ñ³Åßïáõû³Ùµ© ç»Ûñ³Ý ÞáõßáÛÇ ÑÙ³Ûùáí áõ ê³ëÝ³Û ë³ñ»ñáí ï³ñáõ³Í ÏÁ ѳëÝÇÝù µáÉáñÇë ͳÝûà áõëÇñ»ÉÇ §²Û í³ñ¹¦ÇÝ« áñáõÝ Ù»Ïݳµ³ÝÝ ¿ ¶áõë³ÝÇ ³ëïÕ»ñ¿Ý« ï³Õ³Ý¹³õáñ ٻݻñ·áÕ È»õáÝ ¶³ñ³ÏÇõÉÉ¿»³ÝÁ£ γñ³ Øáõñ½³ÛÇ §È»åÑá É¿ É¿¦¿Ý »ïù« §ºñ»õ³Ý¦áí í»ñç ÏÁ ·ïÝ¿ Û³Ûï³·ÇñÇÝ ³é³çÇÝ µ³ÅÇÝÁ« ѳݹÇë³ï»ëÁ Ó·»Éáí ³ÝÛ³· áõ ³Ýѳٵ»ñ »ñÏñáñ¹ÇÝ£ гÏÇñ× ¹³¹³ñÁ Çñ ³õ³ñïÇÝ ÏÁ ѳëÝÇ© »ñÏñáñ¹ µ³ÅÇÝÝ ¿£ §Èáõé ·Çß»ñÇݦ ³ëïÕáõÝù ÉáõëÝÇÝ Ó³ÛÝ Ïáõ ï³Ý áõ ËáñÑñ¹³õáñ ÙÃÝáÉáñï ÙÁ ÏÁ ëï»ÕÍáõÇ ëñ³ÑÇÝ Ù¿ç« ²õ»ïÇù Æë³Ñ³Ï»³ÝÇ µ³é»ñáí ûÅïáõ³Í »ñ·ÇÝ ·»Õ»óÇÏ Ï³ï³ñáÕáõû³Ý Áݹٿç¿Ý£ Üáõñµ »ñ·»ñáõ ß³ñ³ÝÁ ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳÏáõÇ© ²ñ³ î¿ñ Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³ÝÇ »õ ¶áõë³ÝÇ »ñϳñ³Ù»³Û ٻݻñ·áÕÝ»ñ¿Ý ð³ýýÇ î¿ñ äûÕá뻳ÝÇ ·»Õ»óÇÏ ½áõ·»ñ·áí ѳñëï³ó³Í §²Ë ³ÕçÇϦÇÝ ÏÁ Û³çáñ¹¿ ¹³ñÓ»³É Ð. ¶ñÇ·áñ»³ÝÇ »ñ³Åßïáõ-
¶áõë³Ý »ÉáÛà ϰáõÝ»Ý³Û ø¿ÛÙåñÇ×Ç Ù¿ç Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇÝ Ù¿ç, سñï 17:
û³Ùµª ð³ýýÇ î¿ñ äûÕá뻳ÝÇ ÏáÕÙ¿ §ÂáÛÉïáõ¿ù ¹³éݳ٦ Ç Ûáõ½áõÙݳÉÇó Ù»Ïݳµ³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ« áñ Ï'³ñÅ³Ý³Ý³Û Ý»ñϳݻñáõ µáõéÝ Í³÷»ñáõÝ£ §²Û »³ÛÉǦÇÝ ÏÁ Û³çáñ¹¿ §ÐáíõÇ »ñ·Á¦© Üí»ñ Ô³½³ñ»³Ý ¹³ñÓ»³É ÏÁ ïå³õáñ¿ Çñ ѳñ³½³ï Ù»Ïݳµ³Ýáõû³Ùµ« Ï'ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÏóÇ »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµÁ£ §Ü³½³Ý »³ñ¦ ͳÝûà áõ ˳ݹ³í³é »ñ·Ç ϳï³ñáÕáõÃ»Ý¿Ý Ï'³ÝóÝÇÝù §Ð³Û³ëï³Ý ³ë»ÉÇë¦ÇÝ« ËûëùÁª гÙû ê³Ñ»³ÝÇ« »ñ³ÅßïáõÃÇõÝÁª ¹³ßݳϳѳñ ì³ÝÇÏ ÚáíѳÝÝÇ뻳ÝÇ© Ûáõ½Çã ¿ »ñ·Á« Ûáõ½Çã ¿ ݳ»õ È»õáÝ ¶³ñ³ÏÇõÉÉ¿»³ÝÇ Ù»Ïݳµ³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ£ È»õáÝ ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳϿ ÇñÃáíÇã Ó³ÛÝáí ïå³õáñ»É Ý»ñϳݻñÁ §ºñ»ÏáÝ Ý³õ³Ñ³Ý·ëïáõÙ¦ »ñ·áí« ÁÝÏ»ñ³Ïóáõû³Ùµ »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµÇÝ£ Ú³çáñ¹áÕ »ñ»ù »ñ·»ñÁ ¹³ñÓ»³É ¹¿åÇ Ñ³Ûñ»ÝÇù Ï'áõÕÕ»Ý Ù»ñ ѳۻ³óùÁ£ §ö³éùÇ ×³Ùµáí¦Ç á·»ßáõÝã ϳï³ñáÕáõû³Ý ÏÁ Û³çáñ¹¿ §îáõÝ Ç٠ѳÛñ»ÝǦ© ¹³ñÓ»³É ÏÁ ÉëáõÇ ØÇÝ¿ ̳ïáõñ»³ÝÇ ÑÙ³ÛÇã Ó³ÛÝÁ« ÙÇÝã »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµÁ Ï'ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÏóÇ Ù»ñà Áݹ Ù»ñé Ýß»Ýù« áñ »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµÇ »ñ³Åßïáõû³Ý µ³ÅÇÝÁ ÛûñÇÝáõÙÝ ¿ ì³ÝÇÏ ÚáíѳÝÝÇ뻳ÝÇ£ ¶áõë³ÝÁ Çñ Û³Ûï³·ÇñÁ ÏÁ ÷³Ï¿ µáÉáñÇÝ ëÇñ»ÉÇ §ºñ»õ³Ý-¾ñ»µáõÝǦ »ñ·Ç Ñá·»å³ñ³ñ Ù»Ï-
ݳµ³Ýáõû³Ùµ£ ÞÝáñÑÇõ ËÙµ³í³ñ ÐéÇ÷ëÇÙ¿ Âáíٳ뻳ÝÇ ³Ýë³Ï³ñÏ ÝáõÇñáõÙÇÝ áõ µÍ³ËݹÇñ Ñ»ï»õáճϳÝáõû³Ý« ¹³ßݳϳѳñ ì³ÝÇÏ ÚáíѳÝÝÇ뻳ÝÇ ³Ýí»ñ³å³Ñ« áñáßÇã ¹»ñ³Ï³ï³ñáõû³Ý« ½áõÉ³É Ð³Û »ñ·ÁÇñ í»Ñáõû³Ùµ µ»ÙÇ íñ³Û ¿ñ£ ÐÝã»óÇÝ ÎáÙÇï³ëÝ áõ γݳ㻳ÝÁ« лùÇÙ»³ÝÁ« γñ³ Øáõñ½³Ý áõ ²É¿Ùß³ÑÁ« ²õ»ïÇ뻳ÝÝ áõ ²ÉÃáõÝ»³ÝÁ©©©£ ÂÇõáí ùë³Ý»ñ»ù ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõÃÇõÝ« ٻݻñ·Ý»ñáí« ½áõ·»ñ·Ý»ñáí« ïáõïáõÏáí áõ ³ëÙáõÝùáí ѳٻÙáõ³Í Ýñµ³×³ß³Ï Íñ³·Çñ© »ñϳñ³Ù»³Û ٻݻñ·áÕÝ»ñáõ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ßÝáñѳÉÇ ³ëïÕ»ñ« ÑÇÝ áõ Ýáñ ÛûñÇÝáõÙÝ»ñ« ³½·³ÛÇÝ« ¹³ë³Ï³Ý áõ ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý á×Ç ·áѳñÝ»ñ© í»ñç³å¿ë« µ³ñÓñáñ³Ï« ѳٳÑáõÝã ËÙµ³ÛÇÝ »ñ·»óáÕáõÃÇõÝ£ ¶¿ÛåñÇ×Ç §î³Ã»õ¦ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇ ³ï»Ý³å»ï ê³Ùáõ¿É ØáíëÇ뻳ÝÇ ßÝáñÑ³Ï³É³Ï³Ý Ëûëùáí »õ Çõñ³Û³ïÏûñ¿Ý å³ïñ³ëïáõ³Í ͳÕÏ»÷áõÝç»ñáõ ïáõáõãáõû³Ùµ í»ñç ÏÁ ·ïÝ¿ §¶áõë³Ý¦ »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµÇ ³Ûë »ÉáÛÃÁ£ ÆëÏ ³ÛÝ áñ ѳݹÇë³ï»ëÁ ÏÁ ï³ÝÇ Ñ»ïÁª Ñá·ÇÇ ÃéÇãù« Ñå³ñïáõû³Ý ½·³óáõÙ« Ïïáñ ÙÁ ѳÛñ»ÝÇù£
6
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
¶²Ü²î²Ð²Ú κ²Üø
êáõñµ »õ ²ÝÙ³Ñ ä³ï³ñ³·ª гÛáó Ø»Í ºÕ»éÝÇ à·»ÏáãÙ³Ý 104ñ¹ ²Ù»³ÏÇÝ ²éÃÇõ
ØÇç Û³ñ³Ýáõ³Ý³Ï³Ý å³ï³ñ³·¿Ý å³ïÏ»ñ ÙÁ, ²åñÇÉ 24, ê. ²ëïáõ³Í³ÍÇÝ »Ï»Õ»óÇ, ÂáñáÝÃû:
سï³Ã ´. سÙáõñ»³Ý
âáñ»ùß³µÃÇ, 24 ²åñÇÉ 2019Ç »ñ»ÏáÛ»³Ý ųÙÁ 7£30ÇÝ, ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ ØÇçÚ³ñ³Ýáõ³Ý³Ï³Ý Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõû³Ùµ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ Ø»Í ºÕ»éÝÇ á·»Ïáã³Ï³Ý êáõñµ »õ ²ÝÙ³Ñ ä³ï³ñ³·, ê. ²ëïáõ³Í³ÍÇÝ Ð³Ûó. ²é³ù. ºÏ»Õ»óõáÛ Ù¿ç£ êáõñµ ä³ï³ñ³·Á Ù³ïáõó»ó ·³Ý³ï³Ñ³Ûáó öá˳é³çÝáñ¹ »õ ê. ºññáñ¹áõÃÇõÝ Ð³Ûó. ²é³ù. ºÏ»Õ»óõáÛ Ñá·»õáñ ÑáíÇõª ¼³ñ»Ñ ². øÑÝÛ. ¼³ñ·³ñ»³Ý£ ê. Ëáñ³ÝÇÝ ëå³ë³ñÏ»óÇÝ Ñ³Û »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ»ñáõ µ³ñ»ßÝáñÑ ë³ñϳõ³·Ý»ñ£ Þ³ñ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõ »ñ·»óáÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Ý»ñ¹³ßÝ³Ï Ï»ñåáí ϳï³ñáõ»ó³Ý
»Ï»Õ»óÇÝ»ñáõ ¹åñ³ó ¹³ë»ñáõÝ ÏáÕÙ¿, ջϳí³ñáõû³Ùµª ²Ýáõß ¶³ÉëﻳÝÇ, Ýáõ³·³Ïóáõû³Ùµª êáݳ ²ñÃÇÝ»³ÝÇ£ ¸³ëÇÝ Ù¿ç Ý»ñÏ³Û ¿ÇÝ ¶»Õ³ñ¹ Ì. íñ¹. øÇõëå¿Ï»³Ýª ²é³çÝáñ¹³Ï³Ý ÷á˳Ýáñ¹ »õ Ñá·»õáñ ÑáíÇõ ê. ²ëïáõ³Í³ÍÇÝ »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ, ºÕdz Ì. íñ¹. øÇñ¿ç»³Ýª ÑáíÇõ Ð³Û Î³ÃáÕÇÏ¿ ê. ¶ñÇ·áñ Èáõë³õáñÇ㠻ϻջóõáÛ, î. гñáÉï ܳѳå»ï»³Ýª ²ÝÏÉÇù³Ý »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ ÑáíÇõ, ûñáõ³Û µ³Ý³Ëûëª ØÇÑñ³Ý Öǽٿ׻³Ý (Ð³Û ²õ»ï³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»óÇ), ØÇç Ú³ñ³Ýáõ³Ï³Ý سñÙÝÇ ³ï»Ý³å»ï Ú³Ïáµ Ö³Ýå³½»³Ý, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ »õ Ù»Í ÃÇõáí ѳõ³ï³ó»³ÉÝ»ñ£ ê. ä³ï³ñ³·Ç ³õ³ñïÇÝ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ µ³ñ»Ëûë³Ï³Ý ³ñ³ñáÕáõÃÇõÝ£
ì³ñ³· ³ݳ߻³Ý ²é³çÇÝ ÎÁ гݹÇë³Ý³Û TEAM Math Olympics ØñóáõÙÇÝ
úñáõ³Ý µ³Ý³Ëûë ØÇÑñ³Ý Öǽٿ׻³Ý Çñª §Ø»Í ºÕ»éÝÁ »õ Ø»Ýù¦ ÝÇõÃáí µ³Ý³Ëûëáõû³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ Áë³õ. §ø³ÝÇ ÙÁ ûñ»ñ ³é³ç ÚÇëáõëÇ ã³ñã³ñ³ÝùÝ»ñáõÝ, ˳ã»Éáõû³Ý »õ Ññ³ß³÷³é Ú³ñáõû³Ý ïûÝÁ Ýß»óÇÝù£ ²Ûëûñ ѳõ³ùáõ³Í »ÝùÙ»ñ Û³ñ·³ÝùÇ ïáõñùÁ ï³Éáõ ëñµ³¹³ëáõ³Í Ø»Í ºÕ»éÝÇ Ù»ñ ݳѳï³ÏÝ»ñáõ ³ÝÙ³Ñ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÇÝ, ѳõ³ï³Éáí áñ §Ø³Ñ ÆÙ³ó»³É ²ÝÙ³ÑáõÃÇõÝ ¿¦£ Ø»Í ºÕ»éÝÁ Ù»ñ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹ÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ »Õ³õ ѳٳ½·³ÛÇÝ ³ÝݳËÁÝóó ³Õ¿ï ÙÁ£ ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ã¿ гÛñ»ÝÇùÇ Ù¿ç ãÏ³Û Ñ³Û ÙÁ, áñÙûï¿Ý ϳ٠ѻéáõ¿Ý Ïñ³Í ãÁÉÉ³Û 20ñ¹ ¹³ñáõ ³é³çÇÝ ³Ûë ó»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Ñ»ï»õ³ÝùÝ»ñÁ¦£ ´³Ý³ËûëÁ Çñ ËûëùÁ í»ñç³óáõó Ñ»ï»õ»³É Ùïùáí-§Ø»ñ ݳѳï³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ Ïï³ÏÇÝ Ñ³õ³ï³ñÇÙ ÙݳÉáõ ѳٳñ å¿ïù ¿ ÙáéݳÝù Ù»ñ Ù»Í áõ ÷áùñ§»ë¦»ñÁ, §ÏáÕÙ¦»ñÁ »õ ³Ýѳï³Ï³Ý ߳ѻñÁ, ÷³ñ»Éáí ÙdzÛÝ Ñ᷻ϳÝÇݦ£ ¶»Õ³ñáõ»ëï³Ï³Ý µ³ÅÇÝáí ѳݹ¿ë »Ï³õ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ §Ü³ÛÇñǦ »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµÁ, ջϳí³ñáõû³Ùµª ì³½·¿Ý ¶³É×»³ÝÇ, ¹³ßݳÏÇ ÁÝÏ»ñ³Ïóáõû³Ùµª êáݳ Úáíë¿÷»³ÝÇ, Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»Éáí §î¿ñ ¼ûñ¦« §ÂáÕÐÝã»Ý Þ»÷áñ¦ »ñ·»ñÁ£ ÞÝáñÑ³Ï³É³Ï³Ý »õ ÷³ÏÙ³Ý Ëûëùáí ѳݹ¿ë »Ï³õ ¶»Õ³ñ¹ íñ¹. øÇõëå¿Ï»³Ý£ ºÕdz Ì. íñ¹. øÇñ¿ç»³ÝÇ §ä³Ñå³ÝÇã¦áí Ó»éݳñÏÁ Çñ ³õ³ñïÇÝ Ñ³ë³õ, áñÙ¿ »ïù Ý»ñϳݻñÁ Ñ»ï»õ»Éáí ó÷áñÇÝ, Ñá·»õáñ³ÏÝÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ»ï áõÕÕáõ»ó³Ý ܳѳï³Ï³ó Úáõß³ñÓ³Ý, áõñ ½»ï»Õ»óÇÝ Ù»Ë³ÏÝ»ñ£ ²õ³ñïÇÝ, »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ §Úáíݳݻ³Ý¦ Ý»ñùݳëñ³ÑÇÝ Ù¿çï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ÑÇõñ³ëÇñáõÃÇõÝ£
øáõÇݽ гٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ §î³ñáõ³Ý ¸³ë³Ëûë¦ ÀÝïñáõ³Í ¿ ¸áÏï. ܳñ»Ï سÝ×ÇÏ»³Ý
ÐáñǽáÝ,- ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ øÇÝÏëÃÁÝ ù³Õ³ùÇ øáõÇݽ ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ (Queen s University) ºÉ»Ïïñ³Ï³Ý »õ гٳϳñ·ã³ÛÇÝ Ö³ñï³ñ³·Çïáõû³Ý µ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùÇ ¹³ë³Ëûë ¹áÏï. ܳñ»Ï سÝ×ÇÏ»³Ý, ²åñÇÉ 2019ÇÝ ÁÝïñáõ³Í ¿ §î³ñáõ³Ý ¹³ë³Ëûë¦ (Professor of the year), Ýß»³É µ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùÇ 2018-2019 ï³ñ»ßñç³ÝÇ »ññáñ¹ ¹³ë³ñ³ÝÇ áõë³ÝáÕáõû³Ý ÏáÕÙ¿: ²Ûë ·Ý³Ñ³ï³ÝùÇÝ ³ñųݳó³Í ¿ áñå¿ë ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñáõÑÙáõï »õ µ³ó³éÇÏ ¹³ëïdzñ³Ï: Üß»Ýù, áñ ¹áÏï. سÝ×ÇÏ»³Ý ÝáÛÝå¿ë §î³ñáõ³Ý ¹³ë³Ëûë¦ ÁÝïñáõ³Í ¿ 2014-2015, 2015-2016 »õ 20172018 ï³ñ»ßñç³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ: ¸áÏï. ܳñ»Ï ßñç³Ý³õ³ñï ¿ úÝóñÇáÛÇ àõáÃÁñÉáõ ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý¿Ý ß³ñ. ï»ë. ¿ç 9
γ½¹áõñÙ³Ý ²ñÓ³Ïáõñ¹
äïáÛïÇÝ Ù³ëݳÏó³Í ÐúØáõÑÇÝ»ñ øáõå³ÛÇ Ù¿ç:
²ñßû ¼³ù³ñ»³Ý
ì³ñ³· ³ݳ߻³Ý© ÎáÕùÁ Ï»¹ñáÝÁª ³ÛÉ Û³ÕÃ³Ï³Ý ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñáõ »õ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõÇ Ñ»ï:
²Ù¿Ý î³ñÇ, ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ àõëáÕáõû³Ý ¸³ëïdzñ³ÏÝ»ñáõ ØÇáõÃÇõÝÁ (The Toronto Educators Association for Mathematics) ÏÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå¿ áõëáÕáõû³Ý ÙñóáõÙ ÙÁª TEAM Math Olympics, áõñ ÏÁ ÙñóÇÝÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ï³ÃáÕÇÏ¿ (TCDSB) »õ ѳÝñ³ÛÇÝ (TDSB) ¹åñáóÝ»ñáõ ɳõ³·áÛÝ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÁ: ²Ûë ï³ñÇ ÙñóáõÙÁ ϳ۳ó³õ Þ³µ³Ãª 13 ²åñÇÉ 2019-ÇÝ, Madonna Catholic Secondary schoolÇÝÙ¿ç: ØñóáõÙÇÝ ÏÁ Ù³ëݳÏó¿ÇÝ Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ »ñÏñáñ¹³Ï³Ý í³ñųñ³Ý¿ »ñÏáõ ϳ٠ãáñë ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñ, áñáÝù ÏÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ¿ÇÝ 7ñ¹ »õ 8ñ¹ ¹³ë³ñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ ËáõÙµ»ñÁ:
àÕáÙådzϳÝÇ Ùñó³ÏÇó ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñáõ ÃÇõÝ ¿ñ 144: ØñóáõÙÁï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ãáñë ѳݷñáõ³ÝÝ»ñáí ³Ýѳï³Ï³Ý »õ ËÙµ³ÛÇÝ, áñáÝó ³ñ¹ÇõÝùáí åÇïÇ ×ß¹áõ¿ñ ³é³çÇÝ »ñ»ù Û³ÕÃáÕÝ»ñáõÝ ³ÝáõÝÝ»ñÁ: êáÛÝÙñóáõÙÇÝ St. Isaac Jogues Catholic School-Ç Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏÁ ì³ñ³· ³ݳ߻³ÝÝ ¿ñ, áñ ëáõñÇ³Ï³Ý å³ï»ñ³½ÙÇ å³ï׳éáí »ñ»ù ï³ñÇÝ»ñ ³é³ç ·³ÕÃ³Í ¿ñ ¶³Ý³ï³: ì³ñ³·Á ÙÇ³Ï ·³Ý³ï³Ñ³Û Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ ¿ñ ÙñóáõÙÇÝ: ²Ý »ñϳñ å³Ûù³ñ¿ »ïù, Ïñó³õ ³é³çÇÝ ¹ÇñùÁ ·ñ³õ»É:
²Ûë ï³ñáõ³Û ¹³Å³Ý áõ ËÇëï ÓÙ»é¿Ý »ïù »õ ٳݳõ³Ý¹ µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ áõ µ³½Ù³½³Ý Ó»éݳñÏÝ»ñáõ ³õ³ñïÇÝ, µáÉáñë Ï°»ñ³½¿ÇÝù ³Ûó»É»É ï³ùáõÏ ³ñ»õáí ѳݷëï»³Ý í³Ûñ ÙÁ£ Ø»ñ ÷³÷³ùÁ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óáõó ÐúØÇ èáõµÇݳ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇ í³ñãáõÃÇõÝÁ, Ý߳ݳϻÉáí Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµ ÙÁ, áñ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñå»ó åïáÛïÁ£ ÀÝïñáõ³Í í³ÛñÁª øáõå³ÛÇ ø³Ûû ÎÇ¿ñÙû Íáí³÷Ý ¿ñ, ÇëÏ åïáÛïÇï»õáÕáõÃÇõÝÁª ²åñÇÉ 1-¿Ý 8£ ܳËù³Ý Ù»ñ Ù»ÏÝáõÙÁ ÏÁ ï»Õ»Ï³Ý³Ýù µáÉáñ Ù³Ýñ³Ù³ëÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ, ͳÝûóݳÉáí ݳ»õ Ù»ñ ë»Ý»Ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñáõÝ£ ÎÁ ëï³Ý³Ýù Û³ïáõÏ å³Ûáõë³Ï ÙÁ ÐúØÇ Ýß³Ýáí, áñáõÝÙ¿ç Ï³Ý ×³Ùµáñ¹³Ï³Ý ϳñ»õáñ ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñ »õ åÇïáÛùÝ»ñ£ 35 ÐúØáõÑÇÝ»ñáí »õ ѳٳÏÇñÝ»ñáí Ï°áõÕÕáõÇÝù û¹³Ï³Û³Ýª Ù»Í á·»õáñáõû³Ùµ£ Ø¿Ï ß³µÃáõ³Û ÁÝóóùÇÝ Ñ³-
Û»ñ¿Ý Ëûë³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, »ñ·»ñÝ áõ å³ñ»ñÁ ã»Ý ¹³¹ñÇñ£ ²Ýßáõßï ³½·³ÛÇÝ µáÉáñ ѳñó»ñáõÝ ³É ÉáõÍáõÙÝ»ñ ÏÁ ·ïÝ»Ýù...»õ Ù»ñ Ùûï³Éáõï Ó»éݳñÏÝ»ñáõ Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ñÁ Ï°³ÙµáÕç³óÝ»Ýù, ·áÝ¿ µ»ñ³Ý³óÇ...£ ì»ñ³¹³ñÓÇÝ, øáõå³ÛÇ û¹³Ï³Û³ÝÁ, Ù»ñ ׳ñåÇÏ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ÁÝÏ»ñáõÑÇÝ»ñÁ µ³ñÓñ³Ëûë¿Ý ÏÁ Û³çáÕÇÝ Â³Ã³ÛÇ Ë³Ý¹³í³é« §²Ý³å³ïÇ ²ñ»õ¦ »ñ·Á ë÷é»É, áñáõÝ ÏÁ ÙÇ³Ý³Û Ù»ñ ³ßËáÛÅ ßáõñçå³ñÁ£ ú¹³Ï³Û³ÝÇ å³Ñ³ÏÝ»ñÁ, Ùáéó³Í ëïáõ·»Éáõ »õ ÑëÏ»É áõÇñ»Ýó ϳñ»õáñ å³ñï³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ, ½³ñÙ³ó³Í »õ ïå³õáñáõ³Í ÏÁ ¹Çï»Ý Ù»½...£ ²ÙµáÕçáíÇÝ Ï³½¹áõñáõ³Í ÏÁ í»ñ³¹³éݳÝù ÂáñáÝÃû, ß³ñáõݳϻÉáõ Ù»ñ ëáíáñ³Ï³Ý ³éûñ»³Ý£ ºñ³Ëï³·Çïáõû³Ý Ëûëù áõÝÇÝù ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáÕ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇÝ, ٳݳõ³Ý¹ª ÁÝÏ»ñáõÑÇ È»Ý³ ÚáíѳÝݿ뻳ÝÇÝ£
вÚàò òºÔ²êä²ÜàôÂÆôÜ
ö³ßÇÝ»³Ý ¾ñïáÕ³ÝÇ ºÉáÛÃÁ ̳Ûñ³Û»Õ ²ï»Éáõû³Ý Êûëù ΰ³Ýáõ³Ý¿ »õ ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ð³Ýñáõû³Ý âÉé»Éáõ Îáã ίÁÝ¿
¾ñïáÕ³Ý »õ ö³ßÇÝ»³Ý
г۳ëï³ÝÇ í³ñã³å»ï ÜÇÏáÉ ö³ßÇÝ»³Ý ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ è»×»÷ ³ÛÇ÷ ¾ñïáÕ³ÝÇ ²åñÇÉ 24Ç »ÉáÛÃÁ ³Ýáõ³Ý³Í ¿ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ÅËïÙ³Ý Ýáñ ٳϳñ¹³Ï »õ §³½·Ç ëå³Ý¹Ç ³ñ¹³ñ³óáõÙ¦: г۳ëï³ÝÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñÁ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ýñáõû³Ý Ïáã Áñ³Í ¿ ³ñÓ³·³Ý·»Éáõ ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ý³Ë³·³ÑÇ ³ï»Éáõû³Ý ËûëùÇÝ: ö³ßÇ-
Ý»³Ý ³ñÓ³·³Ý·³Í ¿ ¿ñïáÕ³ÝÇ ³åñÇÉùë³Ýãáñë»³Ý »ÉáÛÃÇÝ. §ÚÇß³ï³ÏÇ ûñ, »ñµ ³ß˳ñѳë÷Çõé ѳۻñÁ Û³ñ·³ÝùÇ ïáõñù ÏÁ Ù³ïáõó¿ÇÝ Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý 104ñ¹ ï³ñ»ÉÇóÇÝ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ÂáõñùÇáÛ Õ»Ï³í³ñÁ ÏñÏÇÝ ÏÁ Ñ»ñù¿ñ 20ñ¹ ¹³ñáõ ٻͳ·áÛÝ á×ñ³·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ ½³ÛÝ Ï°³Ýáõ³Ý¿ñ 1915 Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÇ Ñ³Û»ñáõ ï»Õ³Ñ³ÝáõÃÇõݦ:
ÚÇß»óÝ»Ýù, áñ Ãñù³Ï³Ý ³ñËÇõÝ»ñáõÝ ÝáõÇñáõ³Í ·Çï³ÅáÕáíÇ ÁÝóóùÇÝ, ¾ñïáÕ³Ý Çñ »ÉáÛÃÇÝ Ù¿ç ³Ý¹ñ³¹³éݳÉáí ²é³çÇÝ Ð³Ù³ß˳ñ³ÛÇÝ å³ï»ñ³½ÙÇ ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõÝ Ï³ï³ñáõ³ÍÇÝ, Û³Ûï³ñ³ñ³Í ¿, ÿ ѳۻñÁ Ïáïáñ³Í »Ý Çëɳ٠ÏÇÝ»ñÝ áõ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÁ, áõ ÝÙ³Ý å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç §Ñ³Û Ññáë³ÏÝ»ñáõÝ áõ ³ÝáÝó ³ç³ÏÇóÝ»ñáõÝ ³ùëáñ»ÉÁ ³Ù»Ý³ïñ³Ù³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý í³ñù³·ÇÍÁ »Õ³Í ¿¦: §úëٳݻ³Ý ϳÛëñáõû³Ý áÕç Ñ³Û µÝ³Ïãáõû³Ý, áñ ¹³ï³å³ñïáõ»ó³õ ½³Ý·áõ³Í³ÛÇÝ ëå³Ý¹Ç áõ Ù³Ñáõ³Ý »ñûñáõ, §Ñ³Û Ññáë³ÏÝ»ñ áõ ³ÝáÝó ³ç³ÏÇóÝ»ñ¦ ³Ýáõ³Ý»ÉÁ, 1.5 ÙÇÉÇáÝ Ù³ñ¹ ëå³ÝÝ»ÉÝ áõ ³ïÇϳ §³Ù»Ý³ïñ³Ù³µ³Ý³Ï³Ý í³ñù³·Çͦ áñ³Ï»ÉÁ áã ÙdzÛÝ ÅËïáճϳÝáõû³Ý Ýáñ ٳϳñ¹³Ï ¿, ³ÛÉ»õ` áÕç ³½·Ç ÙÁ ëå³Ý¹Ç ³ñ¹³ñ³óáõÙ¦, ·ñ³Í ¿ í³ñã³å»ïÁ §ÂáõÇÃÁñ¦ÇÇñ ¿çÇÝ íñ³Û: §²Ù¿Ý¿Ý ³é³ç` ²åñÇÉ 24ÇÝ ³Û¹åÇëÇ Û³Ûï³ñ³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíáõñ¹ÇÝ »õ áÕç Ù³ñ¹Ïáõû³Ý ѳݹ¿å ËáñÇÝ íÇñ³õáñ³Ýù ¿ »õ ͳÛñ³Û»Õ ³ï»Éáõû³Ý Ëûëùª ³ÝÓ³Ùµ ¾ñïáÕ³ÝÇ ÏáÕÙ¿: ²ß˳ñÑÁ å¿ïù ¿ ãÉ鿦, ³õ»Éóáõó³Í ¿ ö³ßÇÝ»³Ý£
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
7
êå³ÝÇáÛ äáõñÏáë ø³Õ³ùÁ Ö³Ýãó³õ гÛÏ. ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ äáõñÏáë ¹³ñÓ³õ êå³ÝÇáÛ 34-ñ¹ ù³Õ³ùÁ« áñ ׳Ýãó³õ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ: äáõñÏáëÇ ø³Õ³ù³ÛÇÝ ËáñÑáõñ¹Á ÙdzӳÛÝ ÁݹáõÝ»ó §²ñ³ñ³ï¦ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÙÇáõû³Ý §Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ׳ݳãÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇݦ ÙÇçÝáñ¹³·ÇñÁ« áñ ÝÇëïÇÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõó³Í ¿ñ ÙÇáõû³Ý ³Ý¹³Ù ì³Ñ¿ ä³å»³Ý: ØÇçÝáñ¹³·ÇñÇÝ ÑÇÙ³Ý íñ³Û ³õ³·³ÝÇÇ 4 Ïáõë³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ (ÄáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý« êáódzÉÇëï³Ï³Ý« ÆÙ³ËÇݳ äáõñÏáë »õ ø³Õ³ù³ódzϳÝ) Ññ³å³ñ³Ï³Í »Ý ѳٳï»Õ ûñÇÝ³Ï³Ý Û³Ûï³ñ³ñ³·Çñ« áñáí ÏÁ ¹³ï³å³ñï»Ý ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝáÕÝ»ñÁ »õ ÏÁ Ûáñ¹áñ»Ý ÂáõñùÇáÛ »õ êå³ÝÇáÛ ×³ÝãÝ³É Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ: гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ׳Ýãó³Í 34 ù³Õ³ùÝ»ñ¿Ý 7-Á« áñáÝó Ù¿ç` äáõñÏáëÁ« ßñç³ÝÇ Ï»¹ñáÝÝ»ñ »Ý« ÇëÏ »ñÏáõùÁ` ì³É»ÝëÇ³Ý áõ Ø»ñÇï³Ýª Ù³ñ½³ÛÇÝ Ï»¹ñáÝÝ»ñ: êå³ÝÇáÛ 5 Ù³ñ½»ñª ä³ëÏ, ø³Ã³ÉáÝdz, äÉ¿³ñÝ»ñ, ܳõ³é³ »õ ²ñ³ÏáÝ ×³Ýãó³Í »Ý гÛÏ. ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ:
öáñÃáõϳÉÇ ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ Æï³ÉÇáÛ ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ ÀݹáõÝ»ó Ö³Ýãó³õ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ
öáñÃáõ·³ÉÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ Ñ³Ù³Ûݳå³ïÏ»ñÁ:
Ø»ñÓ³õáñ ²ñ»õ»ÉùÇ Ù¿ç ²ñó³ËÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõû³Ý Ùßï³Ï³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóãáõû³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³Ï³Ýª ä»ïû î¿ÙÇñ×»³Ý ü¿ÛëåáõùÇÇñ ¿çÇÝ ÙÇçáóáí ÏÁ ï»Õ»Ï³óÝ¿, áñ 2019Ç ²åñÇÉ 26ÇÝ öáñÃáõϳÉÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ µ³Ý³Ó»õ ÁݹáõÝ³Í ¿ª ׳ÝãݳÉáí гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ: ²Ý ݳ»õ Ññ³å³ñ³Ï³Í ¿ µ³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ ÷áñÃáõϳɻñ¿Ý »õ ѳۻñ¿Ý µÝ³·ÇñÝ»ñÁ: §Î³ñ»Ïó³Ýù Û³ÛïÝ»Éáõ ùáõ¿³ñÏáõÃÇõÝ,ÇÛÇß³ï³Ï 1915Ç ½áÑ»ñáõݦ ³ÝáõÝáí µ³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ Ù¿ç ÏÁ ÝßáõÇ, áñ ²é³çÇÝ Ð³Ù³ß˳ñѳÛÇÝ å³ï»ñ³½ÙÇÝ »õ ³Ýáñ Û³çáñ¹³Í ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõÝ ó»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Ñ»ï»õ³Ýùáí ½áÑáõ³Í ѳۻñáõÝ ÃÇõÁ ÏÁ ·Ý³Ñ³ïáõÇ 800 000-1.5 ÙÇÉÇáÝ£ úëٳݻ³Ý Çß˳ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ ÏáÕÙ¿ Çñ ï³ñ³ÍùÇÝ Ù¿ç µÝ³ÏáÕ Ñ³Û ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõû³Ý ¹¿Ù Çñ³·áñÍáõ³Í ѳٳϳñ·áõ³Í ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ѳٳñáõÇÝ 20ñ¹ ¹³ñáõ ³é³çÇÝ ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ£
§²Ûë ÛÇß³ï³ÏÇ ïáõñùÁ ¹³ë ¿ Ù»ñ ųٳݳÏÝ»ñáõ ѳٳñ, ù³Ý½Ç ѳٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ï³ñáÕáõû³Ùµ ³½·³ÛݳϳÝáõû³Ý, ³ÝѳݹáõÅáճϳÝáõû³Ý Ý»ñÏ³Û Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÇ ³éϳÛáõû³Ý å³ñ³·³ÛÇÝ ÑÇÙÝáñáß ¿ ÛÇᯐ ³Ýó»³ÉÇ ³Ý¹áõݹݻñÁ£ ܳ»õ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÇ Ùß³ÏáÛÃÇ ÙÇçáóáí ¿, áñ гÝñ³å»ïáõû³Ý ²ë³åÉ¿³Ý ÏÁ í»ñ³Ñ³ëï³ï¿ Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³õáõÝùÝ»ñáõ å³ßïå³Ýáõû³Ý Çñ Û³ÝÓݳéáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ ϯÁݹ·Í¿ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ý»ñáõ, ÏñûÝÝ»ñáõ, Ùß³ÏáÛÃÝ»ñáõ »õ ù³Õ³ù³ÏñÃáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ÙÇç»õ »ñÏËûëáõû³Ý ³Ùñ³åÝ¹Ù³Ý Ï³ñ»õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ£ ²ÛëåÇëáí гÝñ³å»ïáõû³Ý ³ë³åÉ¿³Ý Édz·áõÙ³ñ ÝÇëïÇ ÁÝóóùÇÝ Çñ ó³õ³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ Û³ÛïÝ¿ 1915Ç Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ½áÑ»ñáõݪ å³Ñå³Ý»Éáí ÛÇßáÕáõÃÇõÝÁáñå¿ë ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ý»ñáõ ѳßï»óÙ³Ý »õ Ù³ñ¹Ïáõû³Ý ÑÇÙݳñ³ñ ³ñÅ¿ùÝ»ñáõ ϳñ»õáñ ï³ññ¦, Ï°ÁëáõÇ µ³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ Ù¿ç£
Æï³ÉÇáÛ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ:
Æï³ÉÇáÛ Ù¿ç г۳ëï³ÝÇ ¹»ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ÏÁ Û³ÛïÝ¿, ÿ Æï³ÉÇáÛ ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ ÁݹáõÝ»ó µ³Ý³Ó»õ ÙÁ, ÏáãáõÕÕ»Éáí Æï³ÉÇáÛ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý ׳ÝãݳÉáõ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ ³Ýáñ ï³Éáõ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÑÝã»ÕáõÃÇõÝ: ܳ˳ӻéÝáõû³Ý ÏáÕÙ ùáõ¿³ñÏ³Í ¿ 382 å³ï·³Ù³õáñ: ¸¿Ù ³ñï³Û³ÛïáõáÕ ã¿ »Õ³Í, ÇëÏ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõû³Ý ùáõ¿³ñÏáõû³Ý Ó»éÝå³Ñ Ùݳó³Í ¿ 43 å³ï·³Ù³õáñ: øáõ¿³ñÏáõÃ»Ý¿Ý »ïù µáÉáñ å³ï·³Ù³õáñÝ»ñÁ ͳ÷áÕçáÛÝÝ»ñáí ÁݹáõÝ³Í »Ý áñáßáõÙÁ: Æï³ÉÇáÛ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ùÝݳñÏáõ³Í гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ׳ÝãݳÉáõ Ù³ëÇÝ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ÂáõñùÇáÛ ¹Å·áÑáõÃÇõÝÁ Û³é³ç³óáõó³Í ¿: §20ñ¹ ¹³ñáõÝ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í ¹³Å³ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ í³Ûñ³·áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ׳ÝãݳÉÝ áõ ÛÇß³ï³Ï»ÉÁ å¿ïù ¿ Ùßï³Ï³Ý ½·áõß³óáõÙ ÁÉɳݦ, Áëáõ³Í ¿ µ³-
ݳӻõÇÝ Ù¿ç: ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ Ý³Ë³·³ÑÁ ÛáÛë Û³ÛïÝ³Í ¿, áñ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ׳ݳãÙ³Ý Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõû³Ý ÁݹáõÝáõÙÁ åÇïÇ ¹³éÝ³Û Ñ³Û »õ Ãáõñù ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ý»ñáõ ÙÇç»õ ˳ճÕáõû³Ý ׳ݳå³ñÑ: Àëï ³Ýáñ, ݳ˳ӻéÝáõû³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÁ ³é³çÇÝ Ñ»ñÃÇÝ Û³ñ·³ÝùÇ ïáõñù Ù³ïáõó»ÉÝ ¿ á×ñ³·áñÍáõû³Ý ½áÑ»ñáõÝ:
ÊÙµ³·ñáõû³Ý ÏáÕÙ¿ §ÂáñáÝÃáѳۦ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ ã¿ Çñ ¿ç»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç ÉáÛë ï»ë³Í ͳÝáõóáõÙÝ»ñáõ µáí³Ý¹³-Ïáõû³Ý: Ø»½Ç ÛÕáõ³Í µáÉáñ ÃÕóÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ ·ñáõ-ÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ »ÝÃ³Ï³Û »Ý áñáß ËÙµ³·ñáõÙÇ:
8
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
вÚàò òºÔ²êä²ÜàôÂÆôÜ
гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Â»Ù³Ý äÇïÇ Ü»ñ³éáõÇ êáõñÇáÛ ä³ïÙáõû³Ý ¸³ë³·Çñù»ñáõÝ Ø¾ç
êáõñÇáÛ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ ³Ý¹³Ù ¸áÏï. Üáñ³ ²ñÇ뻳Ý
§Ð³Û»ñÝ ²Ûëûñ¦,- 2019-2020 êáõñÇáÛ áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý ï³ñ»ßñç³ÝÇ ³õ³ñï³Ï³Ý ¹³ë³ñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ (12ñ¹, å³ù³Éáñdz) å³ïÙáõû³Ý ¹³ë³·Çñù»ñáõÝ Ù¿çåÇïÇ Ý»é³ñáõÇÝ Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáÕ Ã»Ù³Ý»ñ: ܳ˳ӻéÝáÃÇõÝÁ êáõñÇáÛ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ Ñ³Û »ñ»ë÷á˳Ý, ó»Õ³ëå³Ý³·¿ï, å³ïÙ³µ³Ý, ¹áÏïáñ Üáñ³ ²ñÇ뻳ÝÇÝ ¿, áñ ¹»é 2017Ç ö»ïñáõ³ñ 21-ÇÝ »õ ê»åï»Ùµ»ñ 20ÇÝ êáõñÇáÛ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ·áõÙ³ñáõ³Í ÝÇëï»ñáõÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Çñ »ÉáÛÃÝ»ñáí å³Ñ³Ýç³Í ¿ñ ¹åñáó³Ï³Ý ¹³ë³·Çñù»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç Ý»ñ³é»É ѳïáõ³ÍÝ»ñ Ñ»ï»õ»³É ûٳݻñáí.- úëٳݻ³Ý ϳÛëñáõû³Ý Çñ³Ï³Ý³óáõó³Í á×ñ³·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï»õ³ÝùÝ»ñÁ êáõñÇáÛÙ¿ç, гۻñáõ ¹¿Ù ϳï³ñáõ³Í ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õª
êáõñÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³Ïáõû³Ý µ³½Ù³½³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ: Þ³ñáõݳϻÉáí ³Ûë áõÕÕáõû³Ùµ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ, ²ñÇë»³Ý ÝáÛÝ å³Ñ³Ýçáí ¹ÇÙ³Í ¿ñ êáõñÇáÛ ÏñÃáõû³Ý ݳ˳ñ³ñáõû³Ý §àõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ñáõ í»ñ³Ùß³ÏÙ³Ý ³½·³ÛÇÝ Ï»¹ñáݦÇÝ: سëݳ·¿ïÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï »ñϳñ³ï»õ ÝÇëï»ñ¿ »õ ùÝݳñÏáõÙÝ»ñ¿, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ 2019Ç ÚáõÝáõ³ñ 31ÇÝ å³ïÙáõû³Ý ¹³ë³·Çñù»ñáõ í»ñ³Ùß³ÏÙ³Ý ³éÇÃáí ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í Û³ïáõÏ ÅáÕáíÇÝ Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Ã»Ù³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óݻɿ »ïù` Ï»¹ñáÝÁ í³õ»ñ³óáõó 2019-2020 áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý ï³ñ»ßñç³ÝÇ ³õ³ñï³Ï³Ý ¹³ë³ñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ (å³ù³Éáñdz) å³ïÙáõû³Ý ¹³ë³·Çñù»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç Ý»ñ³é»É гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝáÕ Ã»Ù³Ý»ñ: 20ñ¹ ¹³ñ³ëÏǽµÇÝ Ñ³Û»ñáõ ¹¿Ù
·áñͳ¹ñáõ³Í á×ñ³·áñÍáõû³Ý ÉáÛëÇÝ ï³Ï í»ñ³Ùß³Ïáõ³Í ¹³ë³·ÇñùÇ §ø³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ï»Õ³ß³ñÅ»ñ¦ µ³ÅÇÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ÏÁ ÛÇß³ï³ÏáõÇ ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³ÝÇ ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ¹¿Ù Ãñù³Ï³Ý §ØÇáõÃÇõÝ »õ Ú³é³ç³¹ÇÙáõÃÇõݦ (ÆÃÃÇѳï í¿ ¿É »ñ³ùùÇ) Ïáõë³Ïóáõû³Ý í³ñ³Í Ï³Ù³Û³Ï³Ý ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ 1915ÇÝ ·áñͳ¹ñáõ³Í гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ áõ Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ç ï³ñ³·ñáõÃÇõÝÁ ¹¿åÇ êáõñdz: гÛáó ó»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Ã»Ù³Ý ëáõñÇ³Ï³Ý ³ÕµÇõñÝ»ñáõ ï»ë³ÝÏÇõÝ¿Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ` ·ÇñùÇÝ Ù¿ç ǵñ»õ ûñÇݳÏÝ»ñ ÛÇß³ï³Ïáõ³Í »Ý ëáõñdzóÇ å³ïÙ³µ³Ý ØáõѳÙÙ»ï øáõñï ²ÉÇÇ íϳÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ: §ø³Õ³ù³ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý ÙdzëÝáõÃÇõݦ »Ýó·ÉËáõÝ Ù¿ç Ï°³ÏݳñÏáõÇ Ý³»õ êáõñÇáÛ Ù¿ç ѳۻñáõ Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ³ñÅ¿ùÝ»ñáõ å³Ñå³ÝÙ³Ý ËݹñÇÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ½³Ý³½³Ý µÝ³·³õ³éÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç ëáõñdzѳۻñáõ Ý»ñ¹ñÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: ²ÛëåÇëáí, Ñ³Û »ñ»ë÷á˳ÝÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï»õáÕ³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇÝ ßÝáñÑÇõª ëáõñÇ³Ï³Ý ¹åñáóÝ»ñáõ áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç, å³ù³ÉáñdzÛÇ å³ïÙáõû³Ý ¹³ë³·Çñù»ñáõÝ ÙÇçáóáí, åÇïÇ ¹³ë³õ³Ý¹áõÇ Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ÇñáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ: ØÇõë ÏáÕÙ¿Ý, ³Ýݳ˳¹¿å ³Ûë ù³ÛÉáí í»ñç³å¿ë í³õ»ñ³Ï³Ý »õ ·Çï³Ï³Ý Ó»õáí êáõñÇáÛÙ¿ç ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÁ å³ïÙáõû³Ý ¹³ë³Å³ÙÇÝ åÇïÇ ï»Õ»Ï³Ý³Ý úëٳݻ³Ý ϳÛëñáõû³Ý ÏáÕÙ¿ Çñ³·áñÍáõ³Í гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ£
ì»ñ³åñáÕ 108³Ù»³Û ºåñ³ùëÇ³Ý Ø³ùñáÝ Ú³ñ·³ÝùÇ îáõñùÁ سïáõó»ó êïáñ³·ñ»ó ÌÇÍ»éݳϳµ»ñ¹Ç ´³ñÓáõÝùÇÝ ²åñÇÉ 24Á гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ¼áÑ»ñáõ ÚÇß³ï³ÏÇ úñ Ðéã³Ï»Éáõ سëÇÝ Ð³Ù³Ó³Ûݳ·ÇñÁ
108³Ù»³Ï í»ñ³åñáÕ º÷ñ³ùëdz ¶¿áñ·»³Ý
ܳ˳·³Ñ سùñáÝ
üñ³Ýë³ÛÇ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ѳٳϳñ·áÕ ËáñÑáõñ¹Ç ѳٳݳ˳·³Ñ üñ³ÝÏ ö³÷³½»³Ý ü¿ÛëåáõùÇÇñ ¿çÇÝÙÇçáóáí ÏÁ ï»Õ»Ï³óÝ¿, áñ ²åñÇÉ 10ÇÝ ¿Ù³Ýáõ¿É سùñáÝ Ññ³Ù³Ý³·Çñ ëïáñ³·ñ»ó, ²åñÇÉ 24Á å³ßïûݳå¿ë Ñéã³Ï»Éáí §Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ½áÑ»ñáõ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÇ ûñ¦£ Ðñ³Ù³Ý³·ÇñÇÝ Ù¿ç ÏÁ ÝßáõÇ, áñ Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ ï³ñÇ ²åñÇÉ 24ÇÝ, üñ³Ýë³ÛÇ Ù¿çåÇïÇÝßáõÇ Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ÛÇß³ï³ÏÙ³Ý ³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ£ ²Ù¿Ý ï³ñÇ ³Û¹ ûñÁ ö³ñÇ½Ç »õ ³ÛÉ ù³Õ³ùÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç Ó»éݳñÏÝ»ñ ï»ÕÇåÇïÇ áõݻݳݣ
§²ñÙ»Ý÷ñ»ë¦- гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ í»ñ³åñ³Í, γñë¿Ý ·³ÕÃ³Í ºåñ³ùëdz ¶¿áñ·»³ÝÇÝ` ²åñÇÉ 24ÇÝ ÌÇÍ»éݳϳµ»ñ¹Ç Ûáõ߳ѳٳÉÇñÇ Ù¿ç ͳÕÇÏÝ»ñ ËáݳñÑ»Éáõ ó³ÝÏáõÃÇõÝÁ Çñ³Ï³Ý³ó³õ: ºåñ³ùëdz ï³ïÇÏÇÝ Ñ³ñ³½³ïÝ»ñÁ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý óݷ³ñ³Ý-ÑÇÙݳñÏ ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³Ù¿Ý ݳ˳å¿ë ³Ýó³·Çñ ëï³ó³Í ¿ÇÝ, áñ ºåñ³ùëdz ï³ïÇÏÇÝ Ï³ñ»Ý³Ý Ù»ù»Ý³Ûáí ѳëóÝ»É ÙÇÝã Ûáõ߳ѳٳÉÇñ, ³å³ ë³ÛɳÏáí áõÕ»ÏóÇÉ ³Ýáñ: ̳ÕÇÏÝ»ñ ËáݳñÑ»É¿Ý »ïù ï³ïÇÏÁ Ëûë»ó³õ ݳ»õ Éñ³·ñáÕÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï, å³ïÙ»ó, ÿ ÇÝãå¿ë ·³ÕÃ³Í ¿£ §Î³ñë¿Ý ·³ÕÃ³Í »Ýù ú߳ϳÝ, Û»ïáÛ ²ßï³ñ³Ï, ºÕáõ³ñ¹, ë³Ï³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹áó ѳ-
Ù³ñ ³ÛÝï»Õ ³ñ¹¿Ý ï»Õ ãϳñ: Ú»ïáÛ ·³óÇÝù ¶ÇõÙñÇ: ²ÛÝï»Õ ѳݹÇå»ó³Ýù ²ëù³Ý³½ Øé³õ»³ÝÇÝ (»Õ³Í ¿ ÊêÐØ Î»¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý ¶áñͳ¹Çñ ÎáÙÇï¿Ç ³Ý¹³Ù, Û»Õ³÷á˳ϳÝ, å»ï³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÇã,ËÙµ.), áñ Ù»½ ï³ñ³õ »ñÏáõ Û³ñϳÝÇ ïáõÝ ÙÁ: ²Ý Ù»½Ç Áë³õ` §Ùï¿ù ³Ûëï»Õ, »áÉ³Û ·³ó¿ù, ÙÇÝã»õ ï»ëÝ»Ýù, ÇÝã Ï°ÁÉɳۦ, å³ïÙ»ó ï³ïÇÏÁ: ºåñ³ùëÇ³Ý ãÏñó³õ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»É å³ïÙáõÃÇõÝÁ, ÿ»õ å³ïÙ»Éáõ ß³ï µ³Ý áõÝ¿ñ: ²ÝÓݳ·ÇñÇÝ Ù¿ç ³Ýáñ ÍÝݹ»³Ý Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÁ Ýßáõ³Í ¿ 1914, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ÇÝãå¿ë ³Ýáñ ÃáéÁ ÏÁ Ýß¿` ï³ïÇÏÁ ³õ»ÉÇ ³é³ç ÍÝ³Í ¿ »õ í»ñç»ñë Ýß³Í ¿ Çñ 108³Ù»³ÏÁ:
ÈÇåÇáÛ Ä³Ù³Ý³Ï³õáñ γé³í³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ Ö³Ýãó³õ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ §¶³ÝÓ³ë³ñ¦- ÈÇåÇ³Ï³Ý §²Ûݦ ϳÛùÁ ÏÁ ï»Õ»Ï³óÝ¿` ÈÇåÇáÛ ³ñ»õ»É»³Ý ßñç³ÝÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³õáñ ϳé³í³ñáõû³Ý ݳ˳ñ³ñÝ»ñáõ ËáñÑáõñ¹Á áñ¹»·ñ³Í ¿ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Û³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ »õ ³ñï³ùÇÝ ·áñÍáó ݳ˳ñ³ñ ²åïáõÉ Ð³ïÇ Ðáõ¿Û×Ç ³é³ç³ñÏÁ` ÁݹáõÝÇÉ 1915Çݪ úëٳݻ³Ý ϳÛëñáõû³Ý ÏáÕÙ¿ ·áñͳ¹ñáõ³Í гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ÇñáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ: γé³í³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ Ù³ÙáõÉÇ Ñ³Õáñ¹³·ñáõû³Ùµ ÏÁ Û³ÛïÝ¿, áñ Ý»ñϳÛÇë ÈÇåÇáÛ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñÝ»ñáõ ËáñÑáõñ¹Ç ûñ¿Ýë¹ñ³Ï³Ý ïÝûñ¿ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ³ß˳ï³Ýù ÏÁ ï³ÝÇ µ³Ý³Ó»õ»Éáõ áñáßáõÙÁ, áñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³Ó³ÛÝ, ÈÇåÇáÛ Ù¿ç ³ÛëáõÑ»ï»õ ³Ù¿Ý ï³ñÇ ²åñÇÉ 24ÇÝ åÇïÇ á·»ÏáãáõÇ Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ½áÑ»ñáõÝ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÁ:
øáÉáñ³ïû ¸³ï³å³ñï»ó гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ºõ Ö³Ýãó³õ` ²ñó³ËÇ ²ÝϳËáõÃÇõÝÁ
Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ øáÉáñ³ïû Ý³Ñ³Ý·Ç Í»ñ³ÏáÛïÁ 24 ²åñÇÉÇÝ áñ¹»·ñ»ó гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ¹³ï³å³ñïáÕ µ³Ý³Ó»õ ÙÁ: Ì»ñ³ÏáÛïÁ ³é³ÝÓÇÝ Ï¿ïáí ݳ»õ ׳Ýãó³Í ¿ ²ñó³ËÇ ³ÝϳËáõÃÇõÝÁ: ´³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ Ù¿ç Áëáõ³Í ¿© §Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý »õ ³ïáñ ³Ýå³ïÅ»ÉÇáõû³Ý ß³ñáõÝ³Ï³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï»õ³ÝùÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ Ý»ñ³é»Ý г۳ëï³ÝÇ ùáÛñ å»ïáõû³Ý` ¹¿åÇ Íáí »Éù ãáõÝ»óáÕ ²ñó³ËÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõû³Ý Ãáõñù³½ñå¿Û×³Ý³Ï³Ý ßñç³÷³ÏáõÙÁ: §ØÇÝã¹»é ÂáõñùÇáÛ` гÛáó ó»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ³Ýå³ïÇÅ ÅËïáõÙÁ »õ ³é³Ýó å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõáõû³Ý »ÝóñÏáõ»Éáõ ѳÛáó ëñµ³ï»ÕÇÝ»ñáõ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï³Ï³Ý åÕÍáõÙÁ ۳ݷ»óáõó³Í »Ý í»ñç»ñë ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í ³Ýݳ˳¹¿å Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ ó»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý` Ñ³Û ùñÇëïáÝ¿³Ï³Ý ųé³Ý·áõû³Ý Ýϳïٳٵ« ²½ñå¿Û׳ÝÇ »ÝóϳÛáõû³Ý ï³Ï ·ïÝáõáÕ Ü³ËÇç»õ³ÝÇ Ù¿ç« áõñ 1997-2006 Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ ²½ñå¿Û׳ÝÇ Ï³é³í³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ çÝç³Í ¿ ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³ÝÇ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ³Ýó»³ÉÇ Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ Ñ»ïù« áñ ÏÁ Ý»ñ³é¿ñ 90 »Ï»Õ»óÇ« 6000 ˳ãù³ñ« Ý»ñ³é»³É` æáõÕ³ÛÇ Û³ÛïÝÇ Ë³ãù³ñ»ñÁ« áñáÝóÙ¿ Ù¿ÏáõÝ ÏñÏÝûñÇݳÏÁ 2015-ÇÝ ï»Õ³¹ñáõ³Í ¿ øáÉáñ³ïû Ý³Ñ³Ý·Ç Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Ûáõ߳ѳٳÉÇñ-³Û·ÇÇÝ Ù¿ç¦:
вÚàò òºÔ²êä²ÜàôÂÆôÜ
äáÉëáÛ Ø¿ç àëïÇϳÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ²ñ·ÇÉ³Í ¿ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý à·»ÏáãÙ³Ý ²ñ³ñáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ
äáÉëáÛ Ù¿ç µáÕáùÇ óáÛóÁ:
§¾ñÙ»ÝÇѳå»ñ¦,- Âñù³Ï³Ý áëïÇϳÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ã¿ ³ñïûÝ³Í äáÉëáÛ êáõÉÃ³Ý ²Ñٻà Ññ³å³ñ³ÏÇÝ íñ³Û гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ÝáõÇñáõ³Í ÛÇß³ï³ÏÙ³Ý ³ñ³ñáÕáõÃÇõÝ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»ÉÁ: ÎÁ ÝßáõÇ, áñ ³ñ³ñáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ ݳ˳ӻéÝ³Í ¿ñ §ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ø³ñ¹áõ Çñ³õáõÝùÝ»ñáõ ÁÝÏ»ñ³Ïóáõû³Ý¦ äáÉëáÛ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇ ó»Õ³å³ßïáõû³Ý áõ Ëïñ³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý ¹¿Ù Û³ÝÓݳÅáÕáíÁ:
àëïÇϳÝáõÃÇõÝÁ å³ï׳鳵³Ý³Í ¿, áñäáÉëáÛ Çß˳ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ã»Ý ³ñïûÝ³Í ³ñ³ñáÕáõû³Ý Çñ³Ï³Ý³óáõÙÁ: ØÇçáó³éÙ³Ý Ù³ëݳÏó»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí êáõÉÃ³Ý ²Ñٻà Ññ³å³ñ³Ï »Ï³Í ¿ÇÝ Ý³»õ ÂáõñùÇáÛ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ Ñ³Û »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý Î³ñû ö³ÛɳÝÁ: ²õ»ÉÇ áõß, ö³ÛÉ³Ý ³ñ³ñáÕáõû³Ý Ù³ëݳÏó»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí äáÉÇë »Ï³Í üñ³Ý-
ë³ÛÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ å³ï·³Ù³õáñÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ»ï ÙdzëÇÝ Ù³ÙáõÉÇ ³ëáõÉÇë ï³Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí Ñ»é³ó³Í ¿ Ññ³å³ñ³Ï¿Ý: ²ëáõÉÇëÁ ï»ÕÇåÇïÇ áõÝ»Ý³Û Ø³ñ¹áõ Çñ³õáõÝùÝ»ñáõ ÙÇáõû³Ý ß¿ÝùÇÝÙ¿ç: »ٳÛÇ í»ñ³µ»ñ»³É Ãñù³Ï³Ý §Evrensel¦ Éñ³ïáõ³Ï³Ý ϳÛùÇÝ ïáõ³Í Ù»Ïݳµ³Ýáõû³Ý Ù¿ç ö³ÛÉ³Ý ÛÇß»óáõó³Í ¿, áñ ³Ù¿Ý ï³ñÇ ³Û¹ ÝáÛÝ Ññ³å³ñ³ÏÇÝ íñ³Û Ù³ÙáõÉÇ ³ëáõÉÇë ïáõ³Í »Ý 1915Ç ²åñÇÉ 24ÇÝ Ñ³Û Ùï³õáñ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõ Ó»ñµ³Ï³ÉáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ áõ ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ÝÇõÃáí: §²Ûë ï³ñÇ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÇ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÁ ³ñ·ÇÉáõ»ó³õ: àëïÇϳÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Ù»½Ç ï»Õ»Ï³óáõó, áñ ³ñ·ÇÉáõ³Í ¿: âÏñó³Ýù Çñ³óÝ»É ë³Ñٳݳ¹ñáõû³Ùµ Ù»½Ç ïñáõ³Í Ù³ÙáõÉÇ ³ëáõÉÇë Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»Éáõ Çñ³õáõÝùÁ¦, Áë³Í ¿ Ñ³Û »ñ»ë÷á˳ÝÁ` ³õ»ÉóÝ»Éáí, áñ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ËݹÇñÇÝ ÉáõÍáõÙã·ïÝáÕ Çß˳ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ÏÁ ݳËÁÝïñ¿ Éé»óÝ»Éáõ ×Ýß»É Ñ³ÝñáõÃÇõÝÁ: §´áÉáñ ³ÛÝ Û³Ýó³·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝóÑ»ï ã»Ý ³é»ñ»ëáõÇñ, ÏÁ ÏñÏÝáõÇÝ »õ ó³õûù, ³Ûëûñ ³É ÏÁ ï»ëÝ»Ýù ³Û¹ Û³Ýó³·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ÏñÏÝáõû³Ý Ñ»ï»õ³ÝùÝ»ñÁ¦, Áë³Í ¿ ³Ý:
§Þ³ï ØÇ° äñåï»ñ. Ðñ³Ý¹Á ÚÇß¿°¦
Ðñ³Ý¹ îÇÝù
Ðñ³Ï ö³÷³½»³Ý
ÉÇë:
ú·áëïáë 2014. Ýáñ ѳë³Í ¿Ç äá-
ÎáñëÝóÝ»Éáõ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ãáõÝ¿Ç. å¿ïù ¿ñ ³ÝÙÇç³å¿ë Ý»ïáõÇÉ Ñ»ï³½ûï³Ï³Ý ¹³ßï, áñå¿ë½Ç 28 ûñáõ³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ Ñ³õ³ù¿Ç ï»Õ»ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ³ÛÝù³Ý, áñù³Ý å¿ïù ¿ñ åáÉë³Ñ³Ûáó Ù³ëÇÝ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ïáõÃÇõÝë ÑÇÙݳõáñ»Éáõ ѳٳñ: äáÉë³Ñ³Û µ³ñ»Ï³ÙÝ»ñë ß³ï ùÇã ¿ÇÝ ï³Ï³õÇÝ, Áݹ³Ù¿ÝÁ` »ñ»ù Ñá·Ç: γñ× Å³Ù³Ý³ÏÇ Ù¿ç ͳÝûÃáõÃÇõÝë Áݹ³ñӳϻÉáõ ѳٳñ ëïÇåáõ³Í ¿Ç ³ÝÓݳå¿ë Ý»ïáõ»Éáõ ÙÇç³í³Ûñ¿ ÙÇç³í³Ûñ, »ñµ»ÙÝ ÝáÛÝÇëÏ ËåÝáïáõûݿ, ³ÙãÏáïáõûݿ ½Çç»Éáõ ·Ýáí: äÇïÇ »ñóÛÇ ÑáÝ, áõñ åáÉë³Ñ³Û»ñ ϳÛÇÝ. ÇëÏ á±õñ »ñÃ³É ÎÇñ³ÏÇ ûñáí, »Ã¿ áã ųÙ` »Ï»Õ»óÇ: ÀÝÏ»ñáç ÙÁ Ëñ³ïÇÝ ³Ï³Ýç ï³Éáí` áõÕÕáõ»ó³Û ¹¿åÇ ê. ê³Ý¹áõËï »Ï»Õ»óÇ, áñáõÝ ³Ýáõ³Ý³Ïáãáõû³Ý ïûÝÝ ¿ñ ³Û¹ ûñ: Þáõñç »ñ»ù ù³éáñ¹ ų٠ï»õ³Í áõÕ»õáñáõû³Ùµ ÙÁ ѳÝñ³Ï³éùáí ѳë³Û èáõÙ»ÉÇ ÐÇë³ñ: äáÉëáÛ Ù¿ç ÙÇÝã ³Û¹ ï»ë³Í ³Ù»Ý³·»Õ»óÇÏ Ã³Õ³Ù³ë»ñ¿ë Ù¿ÏÝ ¿ñ ³ÝÇϳ, ³ÝϳëϳÍ: ø³ÝÇ ÙÁ í³ÛñÏ»³Ý ìáë÷áñÇ ³÷ÇÝ ù³É»É¿ »ïù, ûùáõ»ó³Û Ó³Ë áõ ëÏë³Û µ³ñÓñ³Ý³Éáõ áÉáñ³åïáÛï »õ Ý»Õ ÷áÕáóáí, »ïÇë
ÃáÕ»Éáí ϳåáÛïÁ äáÉëáÛ: ø³ÝÇ ÙÁ í³ÛñÏ»³Ý ³É ³Û¹å¿ë` ѳë³Û ê. ê³Ý¹áõËï, 18ñ¹ ¹³ñáõ í»ñç»ñáõÝ Ï³éáõóáõ³Í ³Û¹ ëÇñáõÝ »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ: Øûï»ó³Û Û³õ³ñï å³ï³ñ³·Ç ÁݹáõÝ»ÉáõÃÇõÝÁ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáÕ ïÇÏÇÝÝ»ñáõÝ, Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇ ÇÝù½ÇÝùë, äáÉÇë ·³Éáõ ß³ñųéÇÃë »õ ÝÇõÃë: §Ú³ñáõ°Ã ³Õµ³ñÇÏÇÝ Ñ»ï Ëûë¿, ɳõ ѳۻñ¿Ý ·Çï¿, áõ½³Í ÝÇõûñáõ¹ Ù³ëÇÝ ù»½Ç ɳõ ÙÁ ÏÁ å³ïÙ¿¦, ÁëÇÝ` Ù³ïݳóáÛó ÁÝ»Éáí Û³Õóݹ³Ù ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ ÙÁ, áñáõÝ ï³ñÇùÁ ÛÇëáõÝÇ ßáõñç ÁÉɳÉáõ ¿ñ: Ú³ñáõà ³Õµ³ñÇÏÇÝ Ñ»ï Ëûë»ó³Ýù åáÉë³Ñ³Ûáó Ý»ñÏ³Û íÇ׳ϿÝ. ó³õáí å³ïÙ»ó ѳ۳Ëûëáõû³Ý ³ÝÏáõÙÇÝ Ù³ëÇÝ, »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹áõû³Ý ѳٳÛÝù³ÛÇÝ Ï»³Ýù¿Ý Ñ»ï½Ñ»ï¿ Ñ»é³óÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ, ÛÇß»ó Çñ ÑûñÙ¿Ý Éë³Í å³ïÙáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ` ç³ñ¹¿Ý ÙÇÝã»õ ѳÝñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõ ѳɳͳÝùÝ»ñ »õ ¹Åáõ³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ: §Ü³ËÝÇÝ»ñáõë ·»ñ»½Ù³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ ï»°ÕÁ ³Ý·³Ù ã»Ù ·Çï»ñ Ïáñ¦, Áë³õ ˻չáõ³Í Ó³ÛÝáí, ³ñóáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ½ëå»Éáí: §Ø»ñ ÛáÛëÁ ¹áõù ¿ù, »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñÁ¦, ³Ù÷á÷»ó Çñ ËûëùÁ, ß»ßïÁ ¹Ý»Éáí É»½áõÇ »õ ÛÇßáÕáõû³Ý å³Ñå³ÝÙ³Ý Ï³ñ»õáñáõû³Ý íñ³Û: ´³ÅÝáõ»ó³Û ³Õµ³ñÇÏ¿Ý, ßáõïáí ѳݹÇå»Éáõ ѳٳñ ͳÛñ³ëïÇ×³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ Ùûï»óáõÙ áõÝ»óáÕ áõñÇß Ù¿ÏáõÝ: ²õ»ÉÇ Í»ñ ¿ñ` ù³Ý Ú³ñáõà ³Õµ³ñÇÏÁ: ²ÃáéÇ ÙÁ Ýëï³Í ¿ñ ÙÇݳÏ, »ñµ
Ùûï»ó³Û, Ýëï³Û ÏáÕùÁ, áõ ѳۻñ¿Ýáí µ³ñ»õ»óÇ: ¼·áÛß Ï»ñåáí ݳۻó³õ, ãå³ï³ë˳ݻó »õ ³ãù»ñÁ ÷³Ëóáõó: Þáõ³ñ³Í` ѳñóáõóÇ. §Ð³Û 㿱ù¦, áõ Ï»óáõû³Ýë ÁÝóóùÇÝ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í ûñ»õë ³Ù»Ý³ËáñÑñ¹³õáñ ½ñáÛóÁ ëÏë³õ, »ñµ §Ãáõñù »Ù¦, å³ï³ë˳ݻó ѳۻñ¿Ýáí: - ´³Ûó ѳۻñ¿Ý ÏÁ ËûëÇù, ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»óÇ »Ï³Í ¿ù, ÇÝã忱ë, ÇÝãá±õ - Âáõñù »Ù: Ðáë µáÉáñÁ, áñ ÏÁ ï»ëÝ»ë, Ãáõñù »Ý ³ëáÝù ³Ù¿ÝÝ ³É Ãáõñù »Ý: à°ã §Ñ³Û »Ù¦, á°ã ³É §Ñ³Û ã»Ù¦ ÁëáÕ Í»ñáõÝÇÝ, Áݹ·Íáõ³Í ½·áõß³õáñáõû³Ùµ` ѳ½Çõ ÏÁ å³ï³ë˳ݿñ ѳñóáõÙÝ»ñáõë, ³ÝÁݹѳï ß»ßï»Éáí ÂáõñùÇáÛ áõ Ãñùáõû³Ý ѳݹ¿å Çñ áõ ݳ»õ ÙÇõë µáÉáñ Ý»ñϳݻñáõÝ å³ïϳݻÉÇáõÃÇõÝÁ, åݹ»Éáí` §÷³ë³÷áñÃë Ãñù³Ï³Ý ¿, Ãáõñù »Ù¦: ø³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý »õ ³½·³ÛÇÝ å³Ïï³Ý»ÉÇáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ï³ñµ»ñáõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ÝßáõÙÝ»ñë ³å³ñ¹ÇõÝ ³Ýó³Ý ³Ýßáõßï, »õ ßáõïáí ѳëÏó³Û, áñ Ù³ñ¹áõÝ Ï³ï³ñ³Í åݹáõÙÝ»ñáõÝ Ù»ÏݳϿïÁ ³ÝͳÝûà ë÷Çõéù³Ñ³Û »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Çë ѳݹ¿å ½·áõß³õáñáõÃÇõÝÝ ¿ñ, ÇÝùݳå³ßïå³Ýáõû³Ý µÝ³½¹Á, ³õ»ÉÇ` ù³Ý ·³Õ³÷³ñ³Ï³Ý ѳÙá½áõÙÝ»ñÁ ϳ٠ÇÝùÝáõÃ»Ý³Ï³Ý ÁÝϳÉáõÙÝ»ñÁ: ºñµ ÛáÛëë Ïïñ³Í` Ññ³Å»ßïë Ïáõ ï³ÛÇ, Í»ñáõÝÇÝ ïáõ³õ Çñ µ³Ý³ÉÇ å³ï³ë˳ÝÁ. §Þ³ï ÙÇ° åñåï»ñ. Ðñ³Ý¹Á ÛÇß¿° ï»°ë ³Ýáñ í»ñçÁ ÇÝã »Õ³õ ¦: ä³ñ½ ¿ñ, áñ ³ÝÙáé³Ý³ÉÇ ³Û¹ Ûáñ¹áñÇÝ åÇïÇ ãÑ»ï»õ¿Ç. åñåï»Éáõ ѳٳñ »Ï³Í ¿Ç Ç í»ñçáÛ: ڻﳷ³Û ûñ»ñáõ åñåïáõÙÝ»ñáõë ÁÝóóùÇÝ åÇïÇ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï¿Ç Ñ³Ý¹ÇåÇÉ åáÉë³Ñ³Ûáõ ï³ñµ»ñ áõ ѳϳë³Ï³Ý Ï»ñå³ñÝ»ñáõ: àÙ³Ýù` ѳÛϳϳÝáõû³Ý ѳݹ¿å ³ÝÑá·, áõñ³óÙ³Ý ÁݹáõÝ³Ï ÁÉɳÉáõ ³ëïÇ×³Ý ½·áÛß, ÇÝãå¿ë ³Û¹ ËáñÑñ¹³õáñ Í»ñáõÝÇÝ: àõñÇßÝ»ñ` »ñµ»ÙÝ §³ÝËáѻ٦ ÁÉɳÉáõ ³ëïÇ×³Ý Ñ³ÛϳϳÝáõû³Ùµ Ñ»ï³ùñùñáõáÕ, ó³õáÕ áõ ³åñáÕ, ÇÝãå¿ë ÝáÛÝ ê. ê³Ý¹áõËïÇ µ³ÏÇÝ Ù¿ç ·ïÝáõáÕ ï³ù³ñÇõÝ Ú³ñáõà ³Õµ³ñÇÏÁ: Æñ»ñ³Ù»ñÅ µ³Ûó ѳٳϻóáÕ ³Ûë »ñÏáõ »ñ»õáÛÃÝ»ñáõÝ ï³ñµ»ñ ¹ñë»õáñáõÙÝ»ñáõÝ ¹»é Ï°³Ý¹ñ³¹³éݳÝù ³Ûë ëÇõݳÏáí:
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
9
ì³ñ³·³í³ÝùÁ` ²õ»ñÙ³Ý ìï³Ý·Ç ²éç»õ
ì³ñ³·³Û í³ÝùÁª ÷ɳï³Ï:
§²ÏáõÝù¦, §ì³Ý öáëóëÁ¦,- ì³ÝÇ Ï³ñ»õáñ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ³ñÅ¿ùÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏÁ ѳٳñáõáÕ ì³ñ³·³í³ÝùÁ å³Ñå³Ýáõû³Ý ï³Ï ã¿ ³éÝáõ³Í, áñáõÝ å³ï׳éáí í³ÝùÇ Ï³Ý·áõÝ Ùݳó³Í ѳïáõ³ÍÝ»ñÝ ³É ³õ»ñÙ³Ý íï³Ý·Ç ï³Ï ÏÁ ·ïÝáõÇÝ: 8-11-ñ¹ ¹³ñ»ñáõÝ Ï³éáõóáõ³Í å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ì³ñ³·³í³ÝùÁ ÏÁ ·ïÝáõÇ ì³ñ³·³Û É»ñ³Ý ÷¿ß»ñáõÝ: ijٳݳÏÇ ÁÝóóùÇÝ ù³Ý¹áõáÕ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ ·Ùµ¿ÃÁ 2011-Ç »ñÏñ³ß³ñÅÇ å³ï׳éáí ù³Ý¹áõ³Í ¿ñ: Úû¹áõ³ÍÇÝ Ù¿ç Ù³ëݳõáñ³å¿ë Ï°ÁëáõÇ §ºñµ ½µûë³ßñçÇÏÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ݳÛÇÝå³ïÙ³Ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ ÑÇÝ ÝϳñÝ»ñÝ áõ ½³ÛÝ ÏÁ ѳٻٳï»Ý Çñ»Ýó ѳݹÇå³Í ï»ë³ñ³ÝÇÝ Ñ»ï, ÏÁ óÝóáõÇÝ: гï áõÏ»Ýï ϳݷáõÝ å³ï»ñáõ Ùݳóáñ¹Ý»ñ¿Ý µ³óÇ, ³ÛÉ Ï³Ý·áõÝ Ñ³ïáõ³Í ã¿ Ùݳó³Í: ä³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Ï³éáÛóÇÝ Ù¿ç Ù½ÏÇÃÇ áõ Ù½ÏÇÃÇ ½áõ·³ñ³ÝÇ ÙÁ ·áÛáõÃÇõÝÁ ½³ñÙ³Ýù Ï°³é³ç³óÝ¿ ½µûë³ßñçÇÏÝ»ñáõÝ Ùûï: γݷáõÝ Ùݳó³Í ѳïáõ³ÍÝ»ñáõ µ³Ý³ÉÇÝ»ñÁ ·ÇõÕÇ ÇÙ³ÙÇÝ Ùûï »Ý, ÇëÏ ³ÛÝ åݹáõÙÝ»ñÁ, áñ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Ï³éáÛóÇÝ å³ïϳÝáÕ ù³ñ»ñÁ, ·ÇõÕ³óÇÝ»ñÁ Ï°û·ï³·áñÍ»Ý ïáõÝ»ñáõáõ å³ñ�ݻñáõ ϳéáõóÙ³Ý Ù¿ç, óáÛóÏáõ ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ ³Ù»Ý³ÃáÕ íÇ׳ÏÁ: ²Ûó»ÉáõÝ»ñÝ ³É Çñ»ÝóÑ»ñÃÇÝÏ°Áë»Ý, áñ »Ã¿ »Ï»Õ»óÇÝÇñ ݳËÏÇÝ ï»ëùÁ å³Ñå³Ý¿ñ, ·ÇõÕÇáõ ßñç³Ï³ÛùÇ ×³Ï³ï³·ÇñÁ Ïñݳñ ÷áËáõÇɦ: Àëï Ûû¹áõ³Í³·ÇñÇÝ, ݳËáñ¹ ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõÝ ûñ³Ï³ñ·Ç íñ³Û ¿ñ »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ í»ñ³Ýáñá·Ù³Ý ݳ˳·ÇÍÁ »õ ³Ýáñ Ù¿ç ϳéáõóáõ³Í Ù½ÏÇÃÁ ù³Ý¹»Éáõ, Ù¿Ï ³ÛÉ Û³ñÙ³ñ í³ÛñÇ Ù¿çÝáñÁ ϳéáõó»Éáõ ݳ˳·ÇÍÁ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ³Û¹ áõÕÕáõû³Ùµ ÙÇÝã»õ ³Ûëûñ áñ»õ¿ Ûëï³Ï ù³ÛÉ ã¿ ³éÝáõ³Í, ëå³ëáõÙ ³É ãϳÛ, áñ ÏÁ ϳï³ñáõÇ:
øáõÇݽ гٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ ...
ß³ñ. 6ñ¹ ¿ç¿Ý
(University of Waterloo, Bsc& MS in Computer Engineering) »õ Çñ ¹áÏïáñ³Ï³ÝÇ íϳ۳ϳÝÁ ëï³ó³Í ¿ ÂáñáÝÃû ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý¿Ý (University of Toronto): 1997¿Ý Ç í»ñ ÏÁ å³ßïûݳí³ñ¿ øáõÇݽ ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý¿Ý Ý»ñë, áõñ ݳ»õ ëï³ÝÓÝ³Í ¿ í³ñã³Ï³Ý å³ßïûÝÝ»ñ, ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳϿ Çñ ѻﳽûïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ѳٳϳñ·ã³ÛÇÝ ×³ñï³ñ³·Çïáõû³Ý áÉáñï¿ÝÝ»ñë: ¸áÏï. سÝ×ÇÏ»³Ý ѳٳѻÕÇÝ³Ï ¿ Computer Organization and Embedded systems ·ÇñùÇ 6ñ¹ í»ñ³Ññ³ï³ñ³Ïáõû³Ý, McGraw Hill Ññ³ï³ñ³Ïã³Ï³Ý ÁÝÏ»ñáõû³Ý Ññ³ï³ñ³Ï³Í Û³ÛïÝÇ ·Çï³Ï³Ý ¹³ë³·ÇñùÇ ÙÁ, áñ Ï°û·ï³·áñÍáõÇ ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ²Ù»ñÇϳÛÇ »õ ѳٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ½³Ý³½³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç: ²Ý ݳ»õ Ññ³ï³ñ³Ï³Í ¿ ѻﳽûï³Ï³Ý áõëáõÙݳëÇñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ »õ Ûû¹áõ³ÍÝ»ñª Çñ ×ÇõÕÇÝ í»ñ³µ»ñáÕ Û³ÛïÝÇ å³ñµ»ñ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç:
10
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
¶²Ü²î²Ð²Ú κ²Üø
ä²îØ²Î²Ü úð ØÀ ú²àô²ÚÆ Ø¾æ
¿ ÆÝãå¿ë ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ Ö³Ýãó³õ гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ 15 ï³ñÇÝ»ñ ³é³ç, ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ׳Ýó³õª M-380 ͳÝûà µ³Ý³Ó»õáí: Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Ú³ÝÓݳËáõÙµ»ñáõ »õ ³ÝÑ³ï »ñ»ëËá˳ÝÝ»ñáõ ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï»õáÕ³Ï³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇÝ ³ñ·³ëÇùÁ ѳݹÇë³óáÕ µ³Ý³Ó»õáí ¶³Ý³ï³Ý å³ßïûݳå¿ë ÁݹáõÝ»ó гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ÷³ëïÁ: êïáñ»õ ïñáõ³Í Ûû¹áõ³ÍÁ, áñ ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ïåáõ³Í ¿ 15 ï³ñÇ ³é³ç §Ðáñǽáݦ ß³µ³Ã³Ã»ñÃÇÝ Ù¿ç, ³Û¹ ûñáõ³Ý »õ ïÇñáÕ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ϳóáõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ·³Õ³÷³ñ ÙÁ Ïáõ ï³Û: γñÇÝ ê³ÕïÁ×»³Ý
§ä³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ûñ¦Á ³Ûëå¿ë µ³Ý ÙÁ ÁÉɳÉáõ ¿: Âáõ³Ï³Ýª 21 ²åñÇÉ 2004: ì³Ûñª úÃóáõ³, ¶³Ý³ï³: ÆÝã忱ë ÑáÝ Ñ³ë³Ýù »õ DZÝã å³ï³Ñ»ó³õ. ²é³õûïáõÝ, ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ù¿ç û¹»ñ»õáÛÃÁ ·³ñݳݳÛÇÝ å³Ûͳé û¹ ãÇ Ëáëï³Ý³ñ. ÷áÃáñϳ˳éÝ ³ÝÓñ»õáï ûñ ÙÁ ÏÁ ëå³ë¿ Ù»½Ç: ¶áñß »ñÏݳϳٳñÁ ÏÁ ×Ýß¿ Ù»ñ í»ñ»õ, »ñµ ãáñë Ñá·Çáí ÏÁ ï»Õ³õáñáõÇÝù ÇÝùݳ߳ñÅÇÝ Ù¿ç »õ ÏÁ µéÝ»Ýù ¹¿åÇ úÃóáõ³ Ù³ÛñáõÕÇÝ: 401-Á úÝóñÇáÛÇ Ý³Ñ³Ý·³ÛÇÝ ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý »õ ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ Ï»³ÝùÇÝ Ù³Ûñ »ñ³ÏÁ ÏÁ ϳ½Ù¿: ²Ýáñ íñ³Û ùß»ÉÁ áíÏdzÝáëÇ Ù¿ç ݳõ³ñÏ»Éáõ ÏÁ ÝÙ³ÝÇ: ÆÝùݳ߳ñÅÇÝ ³éç»õ, »ï»õ »õ »ñÏáõ ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ Ó·áõáÕ ï³ñ³ÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ³Ý¹³¹³ñ ÏÁ ÛÇß»óÝ»Ý, áñ ³ëÇϳ ³ß˳ñÑÇ »ñÏñáñ¹ ٻͳ·áÛÝ »ñÏÇñÝ ¿, áõñ Ù¿Ï ù³Ûɳ÷áËÁ áã Ù¿Ï ï»Õ ÏÁ ѳëóÝ¿: ºñÏñ³Ù³ëÁ Ýáñ ¿, ÁݹѳÝñ³å¿ë ³ÝµÝ³Ï»ÉÇ: ´Ý³Ïáõ³Í µ³ÅÇÝÁ ¹³ñ»ñ¿ »ÏáÕ å³ïÙáõÃÇõÝ ÙÁ ãáõÝÇ: 1530³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ, »ñµ ýñ³Ýë³óÇ Ñ»ï³ËáÛ½ ij· ¶³ñÃÇ¿ ê¿Ý Èûñ³Ý ·»ïÝ Ç í»ñ Çñ µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ ׳ݳå³ñÑáñ¹áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ ÁÝóóùÇÝ ûñ ÙÁ ·»ï³÷ Ùûï»ó³õ, ÇÝù½ÇÝù ·ï³õ µÝÇÏ ÑݹÇÏÝ»ñáõ ѳõ³ù³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý ÙÁ Ù¿ç: ¶³ñÃÇ¿Ç Ñ³ñóáõÙÇÝ, ÿ §á±õñ ÏÁ ·ïÝáõÇÝù¦, µÝÇÏÝ»ñÁ å³ï³ë˳ݻóÇݪ §ø³Ý³Ã³¦, áñ ÑÇõñáÝ-Æñáùáõ³ É»½áõáí §µÝ³Ï»óÙ³Ý í³Ûñ¦ ÏÁ Ý߳ݳϿ: ´Ý³Ï»óáõ³Í ÑëÏ³Û í³Ûñ. ³ß˳ñÑÇ ³Ù»Ý¿Ý Ù»ÍÁ: ÆÝùݳ߳ñÅÇÝ »ï»õÇ ³ÃáéÇÝ íñ³Û ÝëïáÕÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ·³Ý·³ïÇÝ: §²Ûë ׳ٵ³Ý »ñϳñ ¿. ï³Ï³õÇÝ í»ñ³¹³ñÓÝ ³É ϳۦ: §ÆñÇÏáõÝÝ ³É å³ï³ñ³· áõÝÇÙ¦, - Ï°Áë¿ Ð³Ûñ êáõñµÁ: §Æñ³õáõÝù áõÝÇë, гÛñ êáõñµ, µ³Ûó ³ëÇϳ ÏñÝ³Û å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ûñ ÙÁ ÁÉɳɦ,- ÏÁ Û³ñ¿ ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÏÇóë: ¶³Ý³ï³Ý Ýϳñ³·ñ»Éáõ ³ï»Ý ù³Ý³Ï³Ï³Ý ³Í³Ï³ÝÁ ëáíáñ³Ï³Ý µ³é ÙÁÝ ¿: ²ÝÇϳ áõÝÇ »ñϳñ ·»ï»ñ, ³Ù»Ý¿Ý Ù»Í ÉÇ×Á, ³Ù»Ý¿Ý µ³ñÓñ ³ßï³ñ³ÏÁ »õ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ³Ù»Ý¿Ý »ñϳñ §³Ýå³ßïå³Ý¦ ë³ÑÙ³ÝÁ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ÙÇ³Ï ·»ñáõÅÇÝ Ñ»ï: âÙáéݳÝù Áë»Éáõ, ÿ 1990-Ç Ø²Î-Ç ïáõ³ÉÝ»ñÁ óáÛó ïáõÇÝ, áñ ¶³Ý³ï³Ý ³ß˳ñÑÇ Ù¿ç ³åñ»Éáõ ɳõ³·áÛÝ ï»ÕÝ ¿ª áñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ³Í³Ï³Ý ÙÁ ³õ»ÉóÝ»Éáí ³Ýáñ Û³ïϳÝÇßÝ»ñáõÝ: ²Ûëûñ ³ÝÇϳ ³éÇÃÁ áõÝÇ Çñ Ù»ÍáõÃÇõÝÁ ³Ý·³Ù ÙÁ »õë ÷³ëï»Éáõ, ÿÏáõ½ ³Ûë ³Ý·³Ù ÷áùñ ³½·Ç ÙÁ ѳٳñ, áã ÷áùñ á×ÇñÇ ÙÁ ³éÇÃáí: Ö³ÙµáõÝ ÁÝóóùÇÝ, Ù»ñ ½·³óáõÙÝ»ñÁ ˳éÝ »Ý: гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý µ³Ý³Ó»õÁ, áñ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óáõ»ó³õ »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý Ø³ïÉ¿Ý
¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ý¹ÇåáõÙÁ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ í³ñã³å»ï öûÉ Ø³ñÃÇÝÇ Ñ»ï« ²åñÇÉ 21-ÇÝ« M-380 µ³Ý³Ó»õÇ ùáõ¿³ñÏáõû³Ý ݳËûñ»³ÏÇÝ« ųÙÁ 14:15-ÇÝ: ÜϳñÁ« Ó³Ë¿Ý ³çª öûÉ îáõ½×»³Ý« ²ñÇë ä³åÇÏ»³Ý« »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý ¾É»ÝÇ ä³ùá÷³Ýáë« èáõµ¿Ý ¶áõÛáõÙ×»³Ý« í³ñã³å»ï öûÉ Ø³ñÃÇÝ« »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý ÖÇÙ ¶³ñÇ×dzÝÇë »õ »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý ÖáÝ ¶³ÝÇë:
î³ÉýáÝ ÎÇñ³ÉÇ ÏáÕÙ¿ »õ áñ »ñÏáõ ûñ ³é³ç ùÝݳñÏáõ»ó³õ, íï³Ý·Ç ï³Ï ¿: ²Ûëûñ, M-380 ÃÇõáí ͳÝûà µ³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ ùáõ¿³ñÏáõû³Ý ûñÝ ¿, ë³Ï³ÛÝ Ñ³Ï³é³Ï í»ñçÇÝ ß³µ³ÃÝ»ñáõ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÉáååÇÝÏÇÝ, Ù»ï³ë³Ý»ñ»ñ¹ å³ÑáõÝ ³ñï³ùÇÝ ·áñÍáó ݳ˳ñ³ñ äÇÉ Îñ³Ñ³Ù ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý éáõÙµ ÙÁ å³Ûûóáõó, »ñµ ²½³ï³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³Ïóáõû³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ýñ³ÏódzÛÇÝ (ٻͳٳëÝáõÃÇõÝ) ûɳ¹ñ»ó §á㦠ùáõ¿³ñÏ»É: úÃóáõ³ÛÇ Ù¿ç ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý ³é³çÝáñ¹áÕ ÷áÕáóÝ»ñÁ ³Ù³ÛÇ »Ý: ²ÝÓñ»õÇ Ëáßáñ ϳÃÇÉÝ»ñ ÏÁ ѳñáõ³Í»Ý Ù»ñ ¹¿Ùù»ñÁ, ÙÇÝã ÑáíÁ ³Ý¹áõÉûñ¿Ý Ï°³ñ·ÇÉ¿ Ù»ñ Û³é³çÁÝóóÁ: ²ñ¹¿Ý Ï¿ëûñ¿ »ïù 4:30 ¿: Þáõïáí ùáõ³¿ñÏáõÃÇõÝÁ åÇïÇ ëÏëÇ: ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ »ñ»ù ϳéáÛóÝ»ñÁ ·³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý ÅáÕáíñ¹³í³ñáõû³Ý ëÇñïÁ ÁÉɳÉáõ ÏáÕùÇÝ, ÏáÃ³Ï³Ý ×³ñï³ñ³å»ïáõû³Ý ·ÉáõË ·áñÍáóÝ»ñ »Ý: Ø»Ýù Ï°áõÕÕáõÇÝù ëñ³Í³Ûñ ˳ճÕáõû³Ý ³ßï³ñ³ÏÁ ÏñáÕ Ï»¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý ß¿ÝùÁ, áõñ ÏÁ ·ïÝáõÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ: ØáõïùÇݪ ³å³Ñáí³Ï³Ý ëáíáñ³Ï³Ý Ëáõ½³ñÏáõû³Ý »ÝóñÏáõ»É¿ »ïù, Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñ Ù»½Ç ѳå׿åáí ÏÁ ͳÝûóóÝ»Ý Í³·áõÙáí ѳÛ, ݳËÏÇÝ Í»ñ³Ïáõï³Ï³Ý è¿ÛÙáÝï ê»ÃɳùáõÇ, áñ ¹¿åÇ í»ñ»É³Ï ÏÁ ßï³å¿: ²ñ³·ûñ¿Ý Ó»éÝáõ»É¿ »ïù, ë»Ý³ÃáñÁª §ÏÁ Ý»ñ¿ù, ã»Ù áõ½»ñ áõ߳ݳɦ, Áë»Éáí ÏÁ Ñ»é³Ý³Û: ê³Ï³ÛÝ Ýϳï»Éáí Ù»ñ Ùï³Ñá· ¹¿Ùù»ñÁ, í»ñ»É³ÏÇÝ Ù¿ç¿Ý Ï°Áë¿. §ØÇ° Ùï³Ñá·áõÇù, ѳñóÁ ÉáõÍáõ³Í ¿, ï³Ý ïÇÉ (done deal)¦: î³Ý ïÇÉ, åǽÝÁëÇ ·ñùÇÝ Ù¿çª ³Ýßñç»ÉÇ ûñ¿Ýù, ÇëÏ Ù»½Ç ѳٳñ ê»ÃɳùáõÇ Ï³ñÍ¿ù ²ëïáõÍáÛ ÏáÕÙ¿ å³ï·³Ù ÙÁ ÷á˳Ýó³Í ÁÉɳñª Çñ ß»ßï³ÏÇ »ñÏáõ í³ÝÏ»ñáí: ²Ý ß³ï ɳõ ·Çï¿ñ, ÿ ÇÝã Ï°Áë¿ñ: ì»ñçÇÝ ß³µ³ÃÝ»ñáõÝ ê»Ý³Ãáñ ê»ÃɳùáõÇ Çñ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ϳå»ñÁ û·ï³·áñÍ»Éáí ϳñ»õáñ ³ß˳ï³Ýù ï³ñ³õ гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý µ³Ý³Ó»õÇÝ áõÕÕáõóٵ: ÊáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ϳóáõÃÇõÝÁ Ñ»ï»õ»³ÉÝ ¿. Ùûï³õáñ³å¿ë 150 ·³Ý³ï³Ñ³Û»ñ »õ ÝáÛÝù³Ý ·³Ý³ï³óÇ Ãáõñù»ñ Ýëï³Í »Ý ¹¿Ù ¹ÇÙ³ó ·ïÝáõáÕ ûû³ÏÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç: гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÇ ³é³çÇÝ ß³ñùÁ ÏÁ ·ñ³õ»Ý ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ã»ÙÇ ³é³çÝáñ¹Ý»ñ, гÛñ ëáõñµ»ñ, г۳ëï³ÝÇ ¹»ëå³Ý ²ñ³ ä³å»³Ý, ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ѳÛáñ¹ÇÝ»ñ: ¸ÇÙ³óÁª ÃÁñù³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝ ¿. Ï»¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý ¹¿ÙùÁ úÃóáõ³ÛÇ Ù¿ç ÂáõñùÇáÛ ¹»ëå³Ý³ï³Ý Ïóáñ¹Ý ¿, áñ í»ñçÇÝ ß³µÃáõ³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ »ñÏáõ ³Ý·³Ù ¹ÇÙ»ó ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ Û³ÝÓݳñ³ñ»Éáí
§á㦠ùáõ¿³ñÏ»É, ³Ûɳå¿ë ²Ý·³ñ³ÛÇ Ñ»ï úÃóáõ³ÛÇ Ï³å»ñÁ ÏñÝ³Ý íï³Ý·áõÇÉ: ºñÏáõ ÏáÕÙ»ñáõÝ ÙÇç»õ ÏÁ ·ïÝáõÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ ·»ïݳ۳ñÏÇ ëñ³ÑÁ, áñáõÝ 301 ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ëÏëÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ï»Õ»ñÁ ·ñ³õ»Éª ûñ³Ï³ñ·Ç íñ³Û áõݻݳÉáí ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ µ³Ý³Ó»õ, áñáÝóÙ¿ í»ñçÇÝÁ гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ ¿: ì»ñÁ Ýëï³Í, DZÝã Ï°³ÝóÝÇ Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñÇ Ùïù¿Ý ã»Ù ·Çï»ñ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý å³Ñáõ³Ý ͳÝñáõÃÇõÝ ÏÁ ïÇñ¿: гßáõ»ïáõáõû³Ý å³Ñ ÙÁ. á×Çñ¿Ý Ùûï³õáñ³å¿ë ¹³ñ ÙÁ »ïù` »ñÏáõ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ç Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ ¹³ñÓ»³É ¹¿Ù ¹ÇÙ³ó: ºõ ³ÝáÝó ÙÇç»õ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý ÙÁª Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³õáõÝùÝ»ñáõ »õ ³½³ïáõû³Ý ç³Ñ³ÏÇñ: ê»Õ³ÝÇÝ íñ³Û ×ßÙ³ñïáõÃÇõÝÁ ÝųñÇ Ù¿ç. å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ÷³ëïÁ, ÿ 1915-Ç Ð³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ á×Çñ ¿ Ù³ñ¹Ïáõû³Ý ¹¿Ù: ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ù¿ç Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ Çñ³õáõÝùÇ í»ñ³µ»ñáÕ µ³Ý³Ó»õ»ñ ÏñÝ³Ý å³ïñ³ëïáõÇÉ »õ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý Ý»ñϳ۳óáõÇÉ ³é Ç ùÝÝáõÃÇõÝ: ÜÙ³Ý ûñÇݳ·ÇÍ»ñáõ ÑÇÙùÁ ÏÁ ϳ½Ù¿ ·³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý ê³Ñٳݳ¹ñáõû³Ý Ù³ë ϳ½ÙáÕ Ø³ñ¹áõ Æñ³õáõÝùÇ »õ ²½³ïáõû³Ý ѳïáõ³ÍÁ, áñ ê³Ñٳݳ¹ñáõû³Ý Ïóáõ»ó³õ 1982-ÇÝ, »ñµ í³ñã³å»ï öÇ»é ÂñÇõïû ²Ý·ÉÇ³Û¿Ý úÃóáõ³ ÷á˳¹ñ»ó »ñÏñÇÝ ûñÇݳ·ÇñùÁ: ì³ñÁª ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ µ³Ýµ»ñÁ ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ûñÇݳ·ÇÍ ùáõ¿³ñÏáõû³Ý ¹Ý»É¿ »ïù, Ï°³ÝóÝÇ M-380-ÇÝ: ²Ýáñ ³ç ÏáÕÙÁ Ýëï³Í »Ý ÇßËáÕ ²½³ï³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³Ïóáõû³Ý ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁ, ÇëÏ Ó³Ë ÏáÕÙÁ Áݹ¹ÇÙ³¹Çñ ä³Ñå³ÝáճϳÝ, äÉá· ø»å¿·áõ³ »õ Üáñ ¸»ÙáÏñ³ï Ïáõë³Ïóáõû³Ýó »ñ»ë÷á˳ÝÝ»ñÁ: ÊûëݳÏÁ »ñÏáõ É»½áõáí (ýñ³Ýë»ñ¿Ý, ³Ý·É»ñ¿Ý) ÏÁ ѳßáõ¿ ùáõ¿Ý»ñÁ ݳ˪ Ó³Ë ÏáÕÙÇ, áñ ٻͳٳëÝáõû³Ùµ §³ÛᦠÏÁ ùáõ¿³ñÏ»Ý, ³å³ ³ç ÏáÕÙÇ, áõñ §á㦻ñÁ µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ »Ý: ̳÷³Ñ³ñáõû³Ýó ³ñÓ³·³Ý·Á ÏÁ ï³ñáõµ»ñÇ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý »õ Ãñù³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙ»ñáõÝ ÙÇç»õ: Üϳï»ÉÇ ¿, áñ ϳé³í³ñáõû³Ý ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁ §á㦠ÏÁ ùáõ¿³ñÏ»Ý, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ²½³ï³Ï³Ý ÙÇõë ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÁ ٻͳٳëÝáõû³Ùµª §³Ûá¦: ì»ñç³å¿ë µ³Ýµ»ñÁ Ïáõ ï³Û ³ñ¹ÇõÝùÁª 153 §³Ûᦠ»õ 68 §áã¦. µ³Ý³Ó»õÁ Ï°³ÝóÝÇ: гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÁ Ûáõ½áõÙÇ »õ óÝÍáõû³Ý å³Ñáõ³Ý Ù¿ç ÏÁ ÏáñëÝóÝ¿ Çñ ϳñ·³å³ÑáõÃÇõÝÁ. ³å³Ñáíáõû³Ý ÑëÏáÕ ³ÝÓݳϳ½ÙÁ ÏÁ ÙÇç³Ùï¿: Øïù¿ë Ï°³ÝóÝÇ Ñ»ï»õ»³É Ùï³ÍáõÙÁ. ³ß˳ñÑ ÏÁ ·áñÍ¿ µÝ³·Çïáõû³Ý ³Ý÷á÷áË»ÉÇ ûñ¿Ýùáí, áã Ù¿Ï µ³Ý ÏÁ ÏáñëáõÇ, áã Ù¿Ï µ³Ý ÏÁ ÙáéóáõÇ:
ì³ñ¿Ý í»ñ ÏÁ µ³ñÓñ³Ý³Û ²½³ï³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÖÇÙ ø³ñ³×dzÝÇë, áñ ËáõÙµ ÙÁ ³ÛÉ »ñ»ë÷á˳ÝÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÉáååÇÇÝ Ññ»ï³ÝÇÝ ÏÁ ϳ½Ù¿: öñáÃáùáÉÁ Ù¿Ï ÏáÕÙ ¹ñ³Í ³Ý ÏÁ Ûáõ½áõÇ, Ïáõ É³Û »õ Ï°áÕç³·áõñáõÇ Ð³Ûñ ëáõñµ»ñáõÝ »õ ¹»ëå³ÝÇÝ Ñ»ï: øáíë Ýëï³Í »ñÏáõ ï»Õ³óÇ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹áõÑÇÝ»ñ ÏÁ ½³ñٳݳÝ, »ñµ ÏÁ ¹Çï»Ý ßáõñçÇ Ûáõ½áõÙݳ˳éÝ Çñ³ñ³ÝóáõÙÁ: §àñá±Ýó Ñ»ï »Ï³Í ¿ù¦, ÏÁ ѳñóݻ٠÷áñÓ»Éáí ѳëÏݳÉ, ÿ ÇÝãÁ ÙÕ³Í ¿ ½Çñ»Ýù Ý»ñÏ³Û ·ïÝáõ»Éáõ: §ê³ñ³ øáñÝÇÝÏÇ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý å³ñ³·³Ý»ñÝ »Ýù¦, Ï°Áë¿ ³ÝáÝóÙ¿ ß¿ÏÁ: Üáí³ êùáÃdz ݳѳݷ¿Ý ê³ñ³ øáñÝÇÝÏ Ñ³½³ñ³õáñ Ñ³Û »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñ ÷ñÏ³Í ¿ 1922-Ç ¼ÙÇñÝÇáÛ ç³ñ¹»ñ¿Ý: ºñµ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý¿Ý ¹áõñë Ïáõ ·³Ýù, ßñç³÷³ÏÇÝ Ù¿ç ѳٻóáÕ ·³Ý³ï³óÇ Ãáõñù»ñáõ »õ ѳۻñáõ ÙÇç»õ ï»ÕÇ Ï°áõÝ»Ý³Ý Ñ»ï»õ»³É µÝáÛÃáí íÇ׳µ³ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ. - ¶³Ý³ï³óÇ Ãáõñù »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ÙÁ. §ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃDZõÝ, DZÝã: ²Ûá, Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ù»é³Ý ÏéÇõÇ ÁÝóóùÇÝ, µ³Ûó Ó»ñ Ýϳñ³·ñ³ÍÇÝ å¿ë µ³Ý»ñ ãå³ï³Ñ»ó³Ý¦: -Ð³Û ï³ñ»ó ÙÁ. §ºë ù»½Ç ã»Ù ѳõ³ï³ñ. »ë Ù»Í Ùûñë »õ Ù»Í Ñûñë å³ïÙ³ÍÇÝ ÏÁ ѳõ³ï³Ù¦: - àõñÇß Ãáõñù ÙÁ. §ÆÝãá±õ ѳٳñ Ñáë ÏÁ µ»ñ¿ù Ó»ñ ѳñó»ñÁ. ·³Ý³ï³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ å¿ïù ãáõÝÇ å³ïÙáõû³Ý ¹³ï³õáñÁ ÁÉɳÉáõ¦: - Ð³Û »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ÙÁ. §ÆÝã áñ »ë Ý»ñëÁ Éë»óÇ ³Û¹ ã¿ñ: ´³Ý³Ó»õÁ Ï°Áë¿ñ гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ Ù³ñ¹Ïáõû³Ý ¹¿Ù á×Çñ ¿: Ø»ñ »ñÏáõùÇÝ Ñ³ñóÁ ã¿ ÙdzÛݦ: ì»ñçÇÝ Ãáõñù »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ÇÝ Ï³ñÍÇùÁ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóã³Ï³Ý ¿ ѳïáõ³ÍÇ ÙÁ, áñáõÝ ï»ë³Ï¿ïÁ ï»Õ åÇïÇ ·ïÝ¿ñ ݳ»õ Û³çáñ¹áÕ ûñ»ñáõ ûñ³Ã»ñûñáõÝ Ù¿ç: Àëï ³ëáÝó, ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ Çñ»Ýó ѳñó»ñÁ ³Ûë »ñÏÇñÁ å¿ïù ã¿ µ»ñ»Ý. ѳϳé³Ï å³ñ³·³ÛÇÝ, µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ ³½·áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ (ÇÝãå¿ë áõùñ³Ý³óÇÝ»ñ, åáëÝdzóÇÝ»ñ) ÏñÝ³Ý ÝáÛÝ ù³ÛÉÇÝ ¹ÇÙ»É ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý¿Ý å³Ñ³Ýç»Éáí ¹³ï³å³ñïáõÙÇ µ³Ý³Ó»õ»ñ áñ¹»·ñ»É Çñ»Ýó ¹¿Ù ·áñÍáõ³Í á×ÇñÝ»ñáõ ·Íáí: ²Ûë »ñÏÇñÁ, Áëï ÝáÛÝ Ùï³ÍáõÙÇÝ, å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñ ãáõÝÇ. Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ñáë Ïáõ ·³Ý Çñ»Ýó å³ïÙáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ »ï»õ Ó·»Éáí »õ Ýáñ Ï»³Ýù ÙÁ ëÏë»Éáíª Ýáñ ³ß˳ñÑÇ ÙÁ Ù¿ç: ø³ÝÇ ÙÁ Ëûëù ³Ûë Ù³ëÇÝ, ÿ гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý µ³Ý³Ó»õÁ ÇÝãå¿ë Çñ ׳ٵ³Ý ·ï³õ »ñÏñÇÝ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ˳ÕÇÝ Ù¿ç, áñáíÑ»ï»õ ùáõ¿³ñÏáõÃÇõÝÁ, ÇÝãå¿ë áñ»õ¿ áñáßáõÙ, Û³çáÕ»ó³õ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý áñáß ³½¹³ÏÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñ·áñÍáõû³Ùµ: ²é³çÇÝ. í³ñã³å»ï öûÉ Ø³ñÿÝ, áñ ¶ñ¿ÃÇ¿ÝÇ Û³çáñ¹»ó, ¸»Ïï»Ùµ»ñ 2003-ÇÝ Ëáëï³ó³Í ¿ Çñ ÁÝïñáõÃ»Ý¿Ý »ïù ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý¿Ý Ý»ñë §ÄáÕáíñ¹³í³ñáõû³Ý å³Ï³ë¦Á í»ñ³óÝ»É: ÄáÕáíñ¹³í³ñ ɳõ³·áÛÝ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç ³É Û³×³Ë ÇßËáÕ Ïáõë³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ Çñ ß³ñù»ñ¿Ý Ý»ñë ³ÛɳËáÑáõÃÇõÝ ãÇ Ñ³Ý¹áõñÅ»ñª ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý Çñ Íñ³·ÇñÁ ãËáãÁݹáï»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí: ì³ñã³å»ï سñÃ¿Ý Ã¿»õ ϳé³í³ñáõû³Ý ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñáõÝ å³ïñ³¹ñ»ó ¹¿Ù ùáõ¿³ñÏ»É, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ ÙÇõë ²½³ï³Ï³Ý ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁ ³½³ï Ó·»ó: ²Ûë í»ñçÇÝÝ»ñÁ ùáõ¿³ñÏ»óÇÝ Áëï Çñ»Ýó ËÕ×Çݪ Ñ»é³Ý³Éáí ϳé³í³ñáõû³Ý í³ñù³ß³ñ. ï»ë. ¿ç 11
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
вڲêî²Ü
г۳ëï³Ý ²é³çÇÝ ä»ïáõÃÇõÝÝ ¿, àñ Ødzó³õ St. Jude Global Alliance-ÇÝ
²Ýݳ Ú³Ïáµ»³Ý ÏÁ ëïáñ³·ñ¿ St Jude Alliance-Ç Ù³ë ϳ½Ù»ÉáÁ å³Ûٳݳ·ñÁ, ²åñÇÉ 12, Ø»ÙýÇë: г۳ëï³Ý ³é³çÇÝ å»ïáõÃÇõÝÝ ¿, ¶¿áñ· ³ٳٻ³Ý, êáõñµ Úáõ¹³ÛÇ Ù³Ý-
áñ ѳٳӳÛݳ·Çñ ÏÝù»ó ³ß˳ñÑÇ É³õ³·áÛÝ ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏáõÝ` Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ Ø»ÙýÇë ù³Õ³ùÇÝ Ù¿ç ·ïÝáõáÕêáõñµ Úáõ¹³ÛÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½ûï³Ï³Ý ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇÝ (St.Jude Children s Research Hospital) Ñ»ï: гٳ·áñͳÏóáõû³Ý Ûáõß³·ÇñÁ ÏÝùáõ»ó³õ ²åñÇÉ 12ÇÝ êáõñµ Úáõ¹³ÛÇÙ³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½ûï³Ï³Ý ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇÝ, г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý ù³ÕóÏ»ÕÇ »õ ³ñ»³Ý ÑÇõ³Ý¹áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Ï»ÝïñáÝÇÝ »õ §City of Smile - ÄåÇïÝ»ñÇ ø³Õ³ù¦ µ³ñ»·áñÍ³Ï³Ý ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇ ÙÇç»õ: гٳӳÛݳ·ÇñÝ»ñÁ ëïáñ³·ñ»óÇÝ ÐÐ í³ñã³å»ïÇ ïÇÏÇÝ, §City of Smile - ÅåÇïÝ»ñÇ ø³Õ³ù¦ µ³ñ»·áñÍ³Ï³Ý ÑÇÙݳ¹ñ³ÙÇ Ñá·³µ³ñÓáõÝ»ñáõ ËáñÑáõñ¹Ç ݳ˳·³Ñª ²Ýݳ Ú³Ïáµ»³Ý, г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý ù³ÕóÏ»ÕÇ »õ ³ñ»³Ý ÑÇõ³Ý¹áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Ï»¹ñáÝÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý áõéáõóù³µ³Ýª
Ï³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½ûï³Ï³Ý ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ ÷áËïÝûñ¿Ýª ø³ñÉáë èáïñÇ·»½-γÛɳÝïûÝ »õ ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ ºõñ³ëÇ³Ï³Ý ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³ÝÇ ïÝûñ¿Ýª êÇÙ³ æ»Ñ³Ý: êáÛÝ Ñ³Ù³Ó³Ûݳ·Çñáí г۳ëï³ÝÁ ÏÁ ÙÇ³Ý³Û St. Jude Global AllianceÇÝ, áñáõÝ ÙÇçáóáí ³õ»ÉÇ ³ñ¹Çõݳõ¿ï Ï»ñåáí åÇïÇ Ï³ñ»Ý³Û å³Ûù³ñÇÉ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý ù³ÕóÏ»ÕÇÝ ¹¿Ù: ØdzݳÉáí St. Jude Global AllianceÇÝ, г۳ëï³Ý åÇïÇ ÙÇ³Ý³Û ³ÛÉ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ, áñáÝù ÙdzëÇÝ åÇïÇ ÉáõÍ»Ý Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý áõéáõóù³µ³Ýáõû³Ý áÉáñïÇ Ù³ñï³Ññ³õ¿ñÝ»ñÝ áõåÇïÇ ³å³Ñáí»Ý ³ËïáñáßáõÙ »õ µáõÅáõÙ ù³ÕóÏ»Õáí ÑÇõ³Ý¹ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ: êïáñ³·ñÙ³Ý ³ñ³ñáÕáõÃ»Ý¿Ý »ïù, ²Ýݳ Ú³Ïáµ»³Ý ß»ßï»ó, áñ ѳٳӳÛݳ·ÇñÁ ã³÷³½³Ýó ϳñ»õáñ ù³ÛÉ ¿ ù³ÕóÏ»ÕÇ ¹¿Ù å³Ûù³ñÇÝ: §Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ Ø¿ç ï³ñ»Ï³Ý Ï°³ñ-
ӳݳ·ñáõÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý ù³ÕóÏ»ÕÇ Ñ³ñÇõñ ¹¿åù »õ Ù»ñ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ û·Ý»É ³Û¹ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñáõÝ` Û³Õóѳñ»Éáõ ÑÇõ³Ý¹áõÃÇõÝÁ: êáõñµ Úáõ¹³ÛÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½ûï³Ï³Ý ÑÇõ³Ý¹³Ýáó ³Ûó»ÉáõÃÇõÝÁ áõ ݳ»õ ³Ûë ѳٳӳÛݳ·ÇñÁ ã³÷³½³Ýó ϳñ»õáñ ¿, »õ Ù»Ýù å¿ïù ¿ ÁݹûñÇݳϻÝù ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ É³õ³·áÛÝ ÷áñÓÁ¦, Áë³õ ïÇÏ. Ú³Ïáµ»³Ý` »õë Ù¿Ï ³Ý·³Ù ß»ßï»Éáí, áñ Çñ ³Ù»Ý³Ù»Í »ñ³½³ÝùÝ ¿, áñå¿ë½Çг۳ëï³ÝÇ Ù¿ç ³É ÝÙ³Ý Ï»¹ñáÝ ëï»ÕÍáõÇ »õ Ñ³Û Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»ñÁ ëïÇåáõ³Í ãÁÉÉ³Ý ù³ÕóÏ»ÕÇ µáõÅÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ Ù»ÏÝ»Éáõ ³ñï»ñÏÇñ: êáõñµ Úáõ¹³ÛÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½ûï³Ï³Ý ѳٳÉë³ñ³ÝÇ ÷áËïÝûñ¿Ý ø³ñÉáë èáïñÇ·Ç»½-γÛɳÝïáÛÝ ß»ßï»ó, áñ г۳ëï³ÝÇ ³Ý¹³Ù³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ ã³÷³½³Ýó ϳñ»õáñ ¿ »õ Ùûï ³å³·³ÛÇÝ ß³ñù ÙÁ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñ ÝáÛÝå¿ëåÇïÇ ³Ý¹³Ù³ÏóÇÝ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÇÝ: êáõñµ Úáõ¹³ÛÇ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½ûï³Ï³Ý ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÁ ù³ÕóÏ»ÕÇ ¹¿Ù å³Ûù³ñÇ ³ß˳ñÑÇ É³õ³·áÛÝ Ï»¹ñáÝÝ ¿: ²Ûë ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇÝ Ù¿ç, ßÝáñÑÇõ µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ³ÝÓݳϳ½ÙÇ »õ ³ÝÁÝ¹Ñ³ï ½³ñ·³óáÕ µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý Í³é³ÛáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ, Ñݳñ³õáñ Ï°ÁÉÉ³Û ÷ñÏ»É ù³ÕóÏ»Õáí ÑÇõ³Ý¹ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñáõÝ áõÃëáõÝ ïáÏáëÁ£ ÐÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇÝ Ù¿ç ëÝáõݹÁ, Ï»óáõÃÇõÝÝ áõ »ñûõ»Ïáõû³Ý ͳËë»ñÁ ³Ýí׳ñ »Ý: ÐÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ, µ³ñ»ñ³ñÝ»ñÝ »õ µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ³ÝÓݳϳ½ÙÁ íëï³Ñ »Ý, á»õ¿ »ñ»Ë³Û å¿ïù ã¿ Ù³Ñ³Ý³Û ù³ÕóÏ»Õ¿Ý ÝÇõÃ³Ï³Ý ¹Åáõ³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ å³ï׳éáí: ²ÛÅÙ ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÁ áõÝÇ 11 ÙÇÉÇáÝ ÝáõÇñ³ïáõ, áñáÝù ³Ùë³Ï³Ý ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇ Ñ³ßáõ»Ñ³Ù³ñÇÝ ÏÁ ÷á˳Ýó»Ý 25 ïáɳñ: ÐÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇÝ ï³ñ»Ï³Ý åÇõï×¿Ý ÏÁ ϳ½Ù¿ Ù¿Ï ÙÇÉdzé ïáɳñ:
г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ø¿ç ²é³çÇÝ ²Ý·³Ù γï³ñáõ³Í ¿ λݹ³ÝÇ ÜáõÇñ³ïáõ¿ È»³ñ¹Ç öáËå³ïáõ³ëïáõÙ
Ð³Û µÅÇßÏÝ»ñ ÏÁ Ýß»Ý É»³ñ¹Ç ÷áËïáõáõû³Ý Û³çáÕ íÇñ³Ñ³ïáõÃÇõÝÁ:
§²ñÙ»Ý÷ñ»ë¦Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ³éáÕç³å³Ñáõû³Ý å³ïÙáõû³Ý Ù¿ç ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ϳï³ñáõ³Í ¿
ϻݹ³ÝÇ ÝáõÇñ³ïáõ¿ (donor) É»³ñ¹Ç ÷áËå³ïáõ³ëïáõÙ, Û³ÛïÝ³Í ¿ ÐÐ ³éáÕç³å³Ñáõû³Ý ݳ˳ñ³ñ
ä²îØ²Î²Ü úð ØÀ... ß³ñ. 10ñ¹ ¿ç¿Ý
·ÇÍ¿Ý: ÆëÏ í³ñã³å»ïÁ ÇÝù µ³ó³Ï³Û»ó³õ ùáõ¿³ñÏáõû³Ý ÝÇëï¿Ý, ÇÝã áñ ¹ñ³Ï³Ý å³ï·³Ù ÙÁ ÏÁ Ý»ñ÷³Ï¿ñ M380-Ç ùáõ¿³ñÏáõÃÇõÝÁ Û³çáÕóÝ»Éáõ áõÕÕáõû³Ùµ: ºñÏñáñ¹, ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ ²Ýѳï³Ï³Ý ²é³ç³ñÏÇ (Private Members Motion) ûñ¿ÝùÁ ÷á÷áËáõû³Ý »ÝóñÏáõ»ó³õ: ܳ˳å¿ë ³Ýѳï³Ï³Ý ûñÇݳ·ÇÍ»ñ ÏÁ Ù»ñÅáõ¿ÇÝ, »Ã¿ ÙdzӳÛÝáõû³Ùµ ãÁݹáõÝáõ¿ÇÝ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇÝ
²ñë¿Ý Âáñá뻳Ý, ϳé³í³ñáõû³Ý ²åñÇÉ 25Ç ÝÇëïÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï£ §ºñ¿Ï г۳ëï³ÝÇ å³ïÙáõû³Ý Ù¿ç
³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ÁÉɳÉáí ϳï³ñáõ³Í ¿ É»³ñ¹Ç ÷áËå³ïáõ³ëïáõ٠ϻݹ³ÝÇ ÝáõÇñ³ïáõ¿Ý Ù¿Ï áõñÇßÇݳÕçÇÏ¿Ý ïñáõ³Í ¿ ÙûñÁ: È»³ñ¹¿Ý Ïïáñ ÙÁ ÏÁ í»ñóáõÇ »õ ÏÁ ÷áËå³ïáõ³ëïáõÇ Ù¿Ï ³ÛÉ Ù³ñ¹áõ, áñáõÝ É»³ñ¹Á ã°³ß˳ïÇñ` Ï»³ÝùÁ ÷ñÏ»É áõ ÛáÛë ï³Éáí ³Ýáñ: ìÇñ³Ñ³ïáõÃÇõÝÁ ϳï³ñáõ³Í ¿ §²ëïÕÇϦ ÑÇõ³Ý¹³ÝáóÇÝ Ù¿ç, Ù»ñ éáõë ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñáõ û·Ýáõû³Ùµ, Ù»ñ ²éáÕç³å³Ñáõû³Ý ݳ˳ñ³ñáõû³Ý ³ç³Ïóáõû³Ùµ: ΰáõ½»Ù ݳ»õ ³õ»ÉóÝ»É, áñÙ»Ýù ³Û¹ áõÕÕáõÃÇõÝÁ åÇïÇ ½³ñ·³óÝ»Ýù: ºñÇϳÙÇ ÷áËå³ïáõ³ëïÙ³Ý Ï³-
ÏáÕÙ¿: úñ¿ÝùÇ ÷á÷áËáõÃ»Ý¿Ý »ïù, ³Ýѳï³Ï³Ý ³é³ç³ñÏ ÙÁ ÏÿÁݹáõÝáõÇ å³ñ½ ٻͳٳëÝáõû³Ùµ: ²Ûë Ó»õáí ¿ñ, áñ سïÉ¿Ý î³ÉýáÝ ÎÇñ³ÉÇ M-380 µ³Ý³Ó»õÁ ÁݹáõÝáõ»ó³õ: ºññáñ¹, µ³óáõ³Í ³Ûë ¹éÝ»ñÁ ÏñݳÛÇÝ ßáõïáí ·áóáõÇÉ, »Ã¿ гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ÃÕóÍñ³ñÁ »õ ÉáååÇÝ Ï³½Ù áõ å³ïñ³ëï ãÁÉɳÛÇÝ: Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ Ñ³Û Ã¿ ï»Õ³óÇ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ í»ñçÇÝ ³Ùëáõ³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ ³Ù¿Ý ï»ë³ÏÇ ³ß˳ï³Ýù ï³ñÇÝ, áñå¿ë½Ç µ³Ý³Ó»õÁ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³Ý ѳëÝÇ
ñÇù áõÝ»óáÕ ß³ï ÑÇõݳ¹Ý»ñ áõÝÇÝù, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ É»³ñ¹Ç¦, Áë³Í ¿ ݳ˳ñ³ñ Âáñá뻳Ý: ²Ý ³õ»Éóáõó³Í ¿, áñ ÏÁ ݳ˳ï»ëáõÇ Û³çáñ¹ ï³ñáõ³Ý ³Ù³í³ñÏáí ·áõÙ³ñ ݳ˳ï»ë»É ݳ»õ »ñÇϳÙÇ áõ É»³ñ¹Ç ÷áËå³ïáõ³ëïáõÙÝ»ñáõ ѳٳñ: §Ú³çáñ¹ ï³ñáõ³Ý ³Ù³í³ñÏÇÝ Ù¿ç ÏÁ Íñ³·ñ»Ýù ³ïáñ ѳٳñ ·áõÙ³ñ ݳ˳ï»ë»É, áñå¿ë½Ç Ù»ñ ù³Õ³ù³óÇÝ»ñáõÝ Ï³ñ»Ý³Ýù ·áÝ¿ áñáß ã³÷áí ³ç³ÏóÇÉ, áñáíÑ»ï»õ ³Û¹ ÷áËå³ïáõ³ëïáõÙÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ï³ï³ÝÇÝ 100 ѳ½³ñ ïáɳñÇ ßáõñç¦, Ýß³Í ¿ ݳ˳ñ³ñÁ:
ǵñ»õ Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³õáõÝùÇ ³ñï³Û³ÛïáõÃÇõÝ: 1980-³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ¿Ý Ç í»ñ ³Ûë ÑÇÝ·»ñáñ¹ ÷áñÓÝ ¿ñ (ÝáÛÝÇÝùÝ î³ÉýáÝ ÎÇñ³ÉÇ »ññáñ¹Á) »õ Û³ñ³ï»õáõÃÇõÝÁ ÇÝù½ÇÝù ³ñ¹³ñ³óáõó: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ ã¿ ³õ³ñï³Í: ²ñ»õÙï»³Ý »õñáå³Ï³Ý ϳñ· ÙÁ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ »õ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ù¿ç Ññ¿³Ï³Ý ÐáÉáùáëÃÁ Ù»ñÅ»Éáõ ϳ٠áõñ³Ý³Éáõ áñ»õ¿ ù³ÛÉ Ñ³Ù³½ûñ ¿ ùñ¿³Ï³Ý Û³Ýó³·áñÍáõû³Ý »õ Ñ»ï»õ³µ³ñª »ÝÃ³Ï³Û ¿ ¹³ï³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³åݹáõÙÇ: ÜáÛÝÁ å¿ïù ¿ ÁÉÉ³Û å³ñ³·³Ý гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý, ٳݳõ³Ý¹ áñ, »ñµ
11
ÜÇÏáÉ³Û ²½Ý³õáõñ Îáã Àñ³õ ¶³Éáõ г۳ëï³Ý áõ ºñÏÇñÁ ¸³ñÓÝ»Éáõ ²õ»ÉÇ ´³ñ·³õ³×
ÜÇùáÉ³ë ²½Ý³õáõñ
§²ñÙ»Ý÷ñ»ë¦,- гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý 104ñ¹ ï³ñ»ÉÇóÇÝ Ø»Í ºÕ»éÝÇ ½áÑ»ñáõÝ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÁ Û³ñ·»Éáõ Ýå³ï³Ïáí, ²åñÇÉ 24ÇÝ ÌÇÍ»éݳϳµ»ñ¹Ç µ³ñÓáõÝù »Ï³Í ¿ñ ݳ»õ ýñ³Ýë³Ñ³Û »ñç³ÝϳÛÇß³ï³Ï »ñ·Çã Þ³éÉ ²½Ý³õáõñÇ áñ¹ÇÝ` ÜÇÏáÉ³Û ²½Ý³õáõñÁ: Èñ³·ñáÕÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ»ï ½ñáÛóÇ ÁÝóóùÇÝ ³Ý Ýß»ó, áñ ³Ûëï»Õ »Ï³Í ¿ ÇñáÕç ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇÝ ³ÝáõÝáí: §ºë Ïáã Ï°Áݻ٠µáÉáñÇÝ ·³Éáõ »õ ³Ûëï»Õ ÁÉɳÉáõ áã ÙdzÛÝ ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ûñÁ: Îáã ϰݻ٠г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ù¿ç ëÏǽµ ¹Ý»Éáõ Ýáñ ݳ˳·ÇÍ»ñáõ, û·Ý»Éáõ` ¹³ñÓÝ»É »ñÏÇñÁ ³õ»ÉÇ µ³ñ·³õ³×¦,Áë³õ ÜÇÏáɳÝ: гñóáõÙÇÝ, ÿ DZÝã ½·³ó »ñµ ³ÝÙ³ñ Ïñ³ÏÇÝ Ùûï»ó³õ` ³Ý Ýß»ó. §¼·³óÇ ³ÛÝ, ÇÝã ½·³ó³Í »Ù ÑûñëÏáÕùÇÝ ÁÉɳÉáí: ºë ½·³óÇ, áñ ³Ûëûñ ³Ý Ù»½Ç Ñ»ï ¿` ×Çß¹ ³ÛÝå¿ë, ÇÝãå¿ëÙÇõë µáÉáñ ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, áñáÝù »Ï³Í »Ý Û³ñ·»Éáõ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ½áÑ»ñáõ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÁ: ÎÁ ϳñͻ٠³Ýáñ ó³ÝÏáõÃÇõÝÁ åÇïÇ ÁÉɳñ, áñ ³Ûëûñ »ë ÇÙ áÕç ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇë ³ÝáõÝáí ³Ûëï»Õ ÁÉɳ٦:
Join us
www.facebook/ Torontohye newspaper
»ñÏñÇ ÙÁ ·»ñ³·áÛÝ ûñ¿Ýë¹Çñ Ù³ñÙÇÝÁª ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ, áñ¹»·ñ³Í ¿ áñáßáõÙ, áñ ½³ÛÝ Ï°áñ³Ï¿ Ù³ñ¹Ïáõû³Ý ¹¿Ù á×Çñ: ²Ûë ïñ³Ù³µ³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ³éÇà Ïáõ ï³Û, áñ Û»ï ³Ûëáõ, Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ ï³ñáõÇÝ Ó»éù Ó·áõ³Í ³Ûë Çñ³õáõÝùÇÝ ÉñÇõ ·Çï³Ïóáõû³Ùµ: ²õ»ÉÇÝ. »Ã¿ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÁ »ñÏñÇ ÙÁ ÁÝïñ»³É, Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóã³Ï³Ý µ³ñÓñ³·áÛÝ Ù³ñÙÇÝÝ ¿, ³å³ ³Ýáñ áñáßáõÙÝ»ñÁ å³ñï³áñÇã »Ý Çñ»Ýó ϳé³í³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ:
12
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
²ðàôºêî ºô ØÞ²ÎàÚÂ
ÐúØÇ ²Ù¿Ýûñ»³Û ì³ñųñ³ÝÇ 3ñ¹ ¸³ë³ñ³ÝÇ ²ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÁ ÎÁ ¶ñ»Ýª ²åñÇÉ 24Ç ²éÇÃáí γ°Ýù, äÇïÇ ÈÇÝ»°Ýù áõ ¸»é Þ³ï³Ý³°Ýù
ºÃ¿ Ï áõ½»Ýù ß³ï³Ý³É, å¿ïù ¿ Ù»ñ ·»Õ»óÇÏ É»½áõÝ ãÙáéݳÝù áõ ÙÇßï ·áñͳͻÝù: Þ³ñÉ ²½Ý³õáõñÁ Ù»½Ç Ù»Í ûñÇÝ³Ï ÃáÕ ÁÉɳÛ` Ñå³ñï ½·³Éáõ Ù»ñ ³½·áí »õ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùáí: лï»õÇÝù ûñÇݳÏÇÝ, ÃáõñùÇÝ ÷³ëï»Éáõ, áñ ѳϳé³Ï Çñ ã³ñ³·áñÍáõû³Ý, Ù»Ýù ï³Ï³õÇÝ Ï³°Ýù, åÇïÇ ÉÇÝ»°Ýùáõ ¹»é ß³ï³Ý°¯Ýù: Èdzݳ ޳ٳѻ³Ý 104 ï³ñÇÝ»ñ ³é³ç, ÃáõñùÁ Çñ ç³ñ¹áí Ñ³Û ³½·Á ÏáñÍ³Ý»É áõ½»ó, áñå¿ë½Ç ãÛÇßáõÇ Ñ³Û ³ÝáõÝÁ »õ ³Û¹ å³ï׳éáí ³É ·ñ³õ»ó Ù»ñ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÁ, µ³Ûó ѳÛÁ ½ûñ³õáñ ϳÙùÇ ï¿ñ ¿, ѳϳé³Ï Çñ µáÉáñ ¹Åáõ³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ, ³Ý ãÙáéó³õ Çñ É»½áõÝ áõ Çñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁ: Ø»Ýùª ѳۻñë, ÿ° ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÇ »õ ð¯ ë÷ÇõéùÇ Ù¿ç, Ñå³ñïáõû³Ùµ Ï Áë»Ýù. §à¯íÃáõñù, ¹áõÝã»ëÛ³çáÕ³Í, áñáíÑ»ï»õÙ»Ýùϳ°Ýù, åÇïÇÉÇÝ»°Ýùáõ¹»éß³ï³Ý³°Ýù¦: γñ¿Ý سñïÇÏ»³Ý ÂáõñùÇáÛ ïáõ³Í ç³ñ¹¿Ý ³½³ïáõáÕ Ñ³Û»ñÁ ÷á˳¹ñáõ³Í »Ý ß³ï ÙÁ ûï³ñ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñ: Æñ»Ýó ³é³çÇÝ ·áñÍÁ »Õ³Í ¿ µ³Ý³É ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ¹åñáó»ñ, ÑÇÙÝ»É »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ»ñ, áñå¿ë½Ç ß³ñáõݳϻÝù ³åñÇÉ: гۻñë ß³ïó³Ýù áõ ¹»é ³õ»ÉÇ åÇïÇ ß³ï³Ý³Ýù: ²ñï»Ý ²Ýïñ»³Ý
à¯í Ãáõñù ÅáÕáíáõñ¹, ¹áõù ÏÁ ϳñÍ¿ù, áñÙ»Ýù å³ïñ³ëï ã»±Ýù Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ »ï ³éÝ»Éáõ: ²Ù¿Ý ï³ñÇ Ó»½Ç ÏÁ ÛÇß»óÝ»Ýù Ó»ñ ³Ý³ñ¹³ñáõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: ÀݹáõÝ»ó¿¯ù Ó»ñ å³å»ñáõÝ ïáõ³Í ç³ñ¹Á ѳۻñáõÝ »õ í»ñ³¹³ñÓáõó¿ù Ù»ñÑáÕ»ñÁ: Ø»Ýù å³ïñ³ëï »Ýù ß³ñáõݳϻÉáõ Ù»ñ å³Ñ³ÝçùÁ ÙÇÝã»õ ûñ ÙÁ Û³çáÕÇÝù: ¶¿áñ· ²ñÃÇÝ»³Ý
ºë ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ù Ãáõñù»ñ¿Ý, áñ Ý»ñáÕáõÃÇõÝ Ëݹñ»Ý: ºÃ¿ å³ïñ³ëï ã»Ý ÁݹáõÝ»Éáõ Çñ»Ýó ë˳ÉÁ, Ù»Ýùª ѳۻñë, åÇïÇ ß³ñáõݳϻÝù å³Ñ³Ýç»É, ÙÇÝã»õ áñ ѳëÝÇÝù Ù»ñ Ýå³ï³ÏÇÝ: ºë ß³ï Ñå³ñï »Ù, áñ Ñ³Û »Ù »õ áõÝÇÝù ß³ï ·»Õ»óÇÏ Ñ³Ûñ»ÝÇùª г۳ëï³Ý: øÇñ³ ¶³½³Ý×»³Ý
Ø»Ýù ÏÁ ϳñ¹³Ýù, ÏÁ ëáñíÇÝù áõ ÏÁ Éë»Ýù, áñ áõÝ»ó³Í »Ýù ß³ï Ù»Í Ñ³Ûñ»ÝÇù, µ³Ûó Ãáõñù»ñÁ ·ñ³õ³Í »Ý ß³ï ÙÁ ѳÛñ»ÝÇ ÑáÕ»ñ: Ø»Ýù ·Çï»Ýù, áñ ٻͻñÁ ·Çß»ñ-ó»ñ»Ï Ï ³ß˳ïÇÝ áõ Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ý: Ø»Ýù ³É, »ñµ Ù»ÍݳÝù, åÇïÇ ÙdzݳÝù Ù»ñ ٻͻñáõÝ áõ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ýù Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ: ê»õ³Ý³ ê³ñ·Ç뻳Ý
²åñÇÉ 24
ºÃ¿ »ë ÃáõñùÇ ÙÁ ¹ÇÙ³ó ÁÉɳÙ, Çñ»Ý Ï Áë»Ùª ¹áõù DZÝã ï»ë³Ï ÅáÕáíáõñ¹ ¿ù, ¹áõù ËÇÕ× áõÝDZù. ÇÝã忱ë Ù³ÝáõÏ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñáõ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñ ëå³ÝÝ»óÇù: ìëï³Ñ»Ýù, áñ Ó»ñ ³ñ¹³ñ å³ïÇÅÁ åÇïÇ áõݻݳù »õ åÇïÇ í»ñ³¹³ñÓÝ¿ù Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ: ȳõ ¿, áñ ѳëÏݳù, »ñµ Ï Áë»Ýùª Ù»Ýù Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ýù: ¸³õÇà º³ÝÇù»³Ý
Ø»ñ ³½·Ç ·áÛ³ï»õÙ³Ý, ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý »õ ³å³·³ÛÇÝ Û³çáÕáõû³Ý ѳëÝ»Éáõ ϳñ»õáñ³·áÛÝ ÑÇÙù»ñÁ ѳݹÇë³Ý³Éáõ »Ý г۳ëï³Ý, ²ñó³Ë, ê÷Çõéù áõ ѽûñ µ³Ý³ÏÁ »õ ãÙáéݳÝù Ñ³Û ²é³ù»É³Ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ, Ùß³ÏáÛÃÝ áõ É»½áõÝ: ܳñ¿ ì³ñ¹³ÝÛ³Ý
Ðå³ñï ºÙ, àñ Ð³Û ºÙ
ºë Ñå³ñï ÏÁ ½·³Ù Ù»ñ Ñ³Û ½ÇÝáõáñÝ»ñáí: ²ÝáÝù Ù»½Ç Ù»Í ûñÇÝ³Ï »Ý, ÿ DZÝã Áë»É ¿ Ñ³Û ÁÉɳÉ: ÎÁ ÏéáõÇÝ, áñå¿ë½Ç ï¿ñ ϳݷÝÇÝ Ù»ñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÇÝ, áñ ãÏáñëáõÇ: ²Û¹ å³ï׳éáí Ï áõËï»Ù ѳõ³ï³ñÇÙ ÙÝ³É áõ Ñå³ñï ½·³É, áñ ÏÁ å³ïϳÝÇÙ Ñ³Û ³½·ÇÝ: ²Ý׿ÉÇݳ ä»ïñáë»³Ý Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÁ ѳۻñáõÝ ¿ »õ áã ÙdzÛÝ Ý»ñϳÛÇ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÁ ³Ûɪ Ù»ñ ÑÇÝ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ·ñ³õáõ³Í г۳ëï³ÝÝ ³É Ù»ñÝ ¿: ÂáõñùÁ ÙÇÝã»õ ÷׳ݳÛ, ÏñÝ³Û áõñ³Ý³É Ù»ñ Çñ³õáõÝùÝ»ñÁ »õ ÑáÕ»ñÁ, µ³Ûó ã»Ý Ïñݳñ Ù»ñ å³ïÙáõÃÇõÝÁ ÷áË»É: 104 ï³ñÇÝ»ñ ³é³ç, 24 ²åñÇÉ 1915ÇÝ, Ù¿Ï áõ Ï¿ë ÙÇÉÇáÝ Ñ³Û»ñ ç³ñ¹áõ»ó³Ý, ù³ÝÇ áñ ãáõ½»óÇÝ áõñ³Ý³É Çñ»Ýó ÏñûÝùÁ »õ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁ: Ø»Ýù Ñå³ñï ѳۻñ »Ýù, Ù»ñ Ý»ñϳÛáõÃÇõÝÁ ÑÇÙ³ ÏÁ ÷³ëï¿, áñ Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Á Ï³Û áõ åÇïÇ ÙÝ³Û áõ ß³ï³Ý³Û ÙÇÝã»õ Ù»ñ ³ÙµáÕç ÑáÕ»ñÁ »ï ³éÝ»Ýù »õ Ù»Ýù å³ïñ³ëï »Ýù ½áÑáõ»Éáõ Ù»ñ Ù³Ûñ г۳ëï³ÝÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ: Ø¿ñÇ ²µ¿É»³Ý
Ø»Ýù Ñå³ñï »Ýù, áñ Ñ³Û »Ýù: Ðå³ñï »Ýù, áñ гÛÏ Ü³Ñ³å»ïÇ Û³çáñ¹Ý»ñÝ »Ýù: Ðå³ñï »Ýù, áñ áõÝÇÝù ѳÛñ»ÝÇùª г۳ëï³Ý: Ø»Ýù å³ïñ³ëï »Ýù Ù»ñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁ å³ïßå³Ý»Éáõ ÙdzݳÉáí Ù»ñ Ñ³Û µ³Ý³ÏÇÝ: гÛÁ åÇïÇ ãå³ñïáõÇ »õ åÇïÇ ãí³ËÝ³Û å³ï»ñ³½Ù»É¿Ý »õ åÇïÇ å³ßïå³Ý¿ Çñ ÑáÕ»ºñµ »ë Ù»Íݳ٠åÇïÇ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ù ÇÙ å³å»ñáõë ñÁ: ÑáÕ»ñÁ, áñáÝù Ãáõñù»ñÁ ·ñ³õ³Í »Ý: Æ٠ѳÛñÇÏÇë лÝñÇÏ ÚáõݳÝÛ³Ý Ù»Í Ñ³ÛñÇÏÁ Ý߳ݳõáñ µÅÇßÏ »Õ³Í ¿ äáÉëáÛ Ù¿ç: ²Ý ß³ï ÑáÕ»ñ áõÝ»ó³Í ¿, áñáÝù ³ÝÇñ³õûñ¿Ý ·ñ³õáõ³Í Ø»Ýù Ø»ñ ÐáÕ»ñÁ ÎÁ ä³Ñ³Ýç»Ýù »Ý Ãáõñù»ñáõÝ ÏáÕÙ¿: ê³Ï³ÛÝ, ѳÛñë å³Ñ³Í ¿ µáä³ïÙáõÃ»Ý¿Ý ·Çï»Ýù, áñ Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Á ï»Éáñ ÷³ëï³ÃáõÕûñÁ: ºë »ñµ Ù»Íݳ٠³Ûë ÃáõÕûճѳÝáõ³Í ¿£ Ø»Ýù ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ýù í»ñ³¹³ñÓÝ»É ñÁ åÇïÇ ³éݻ٠»õ Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ »ï åÇïÇ å³Ñ³ÝÙ»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ »õ ÏÁ å³Ûù³ñÇÝù ³Ý³ñ¹³ñáõû³Ý ¹¿Ù: Ø»Ýù ÏÁ ëÇñ»Ýù Ù»ñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁ »õ ÃáÛÉ ã»Ýù ï³ñ, áñ ç»Ù£ ºÃ¿ Ãáõñù ÙÁ ï»ëÝ»Ù, Çñ»ÝÏ Áë»Ù, ûï³ñÝ»ñÁ ËÉ»Ý Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ: Ø»Ýù ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ýù áñÙ»ÝùѳÛåÇïÇÙݳÝù, »ï ïá¯õñ Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ »õ ²Ý³»õ, áñÇñ»Ýù Û³ñ·»Ý Ù»ñ É»½áõÝ, ÏñûÝùÁ »õ Ùß³ÏáÛ- ñ³ñ³ï É»éÁ£ гۻñÁ åÇïÇ ÙÝ³Ý ³Ûë ³ß˳ñÑÇ íñ³Û »õ Ùǯ ÷áñ Ó»ñÙ»ñ г۳ëï³ÝÇÝ ï¿ñ ¹³éݳÉ: ÃÁ: Öáñ× ØÇëÇñ»³Ý ¾ÙÇÉÇ Ø»ÉÇùë»ÃÛ³Ý 24 ²åñÇÉ 1915ÇÝ, Ãáõñù»ñÁ áã ÙdzÛÝ Ù¿ÏáõÏ¿ëÙÇÉÇáÝ Ñ³Û»ñ ç³ñ¹»óÇÝ áõ ï»Õ³Ñ³Ý ÁñÇÝ, ³ÛÉ Ý³»õ ·ñ³õ»óÇÝ Ù»ñ å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ÑáÕ»ñÁ: ºë Ï áõ½»ÙÃáõñùÇÝÑ»ïËûëÇÉ»õÁë»É, áñ Çñ»Ýù ã»Ý ·Çï»ñ, ÿ ѳÛÁ áñù³°Ý ÏÁ ëÇñ¿ Çñ ³½·Ý áõ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁ: ºë ³Ù¿Ý ÇñÇÏáõÝ Ï ³ÕûûÙÙ»ñ Ñ³Û ½ÇÝáõáñÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ, áñ Û³çáÕÇÝ Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ »ï ³éݻɪ óáÛó ï³Éáõ ÃáõñùÇÝ, áñ Ù»Ýù ï¿ñÝ »Ýù Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñáõÝ: Üû³ Øáõß»³Ý
24 ²åñÇÉ 1915ÇÝ Ãáõñù»ñÁ ç³ñ¹»óÇÝ Ù¿ÏáõÏ¿ëÙÇÉÇáÝ Ñ³Û»ñ: ²ÝáÝó ÛÇß³ï³ÏÁ µÝ³õ åÇïÇ ãÙáéݳÝù: ØÇßï åÇïÇ å³ßïå³Ý»Ýù Ù»ñ Ñ³Û É»½áõÝ »õ ÇÝùÝáõÃÇõÝÁ: Ø»ñ ÛáÛëÝ ¿, áñ Ãáõñù»ñÁ í»ñ³¹³ñÓÝ»Ý Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ: Ø»ñ »ñ³½Ý ¿, áñ ²ñ³ñ³ï É»éÁ ÙÇ³Ý³Û Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇÝ: Ø»Í ºÕ»éÝÇ ½áÑ»ñáõÝ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÁ ÙÇßï åÇïÇ Û³ñ·»Ýù: ê³ëáõÝ ²åï³É»³Ý ²Ù¿Ý ï³ñÇ Ù»Ýù ÏÁ ÛÇß»Ýù ²åñÇÉ 24Á, ÏÁ ÛÇß»Ýù Ù»ñ ݳѳï³Ï»ñÁ, áñáÝù Çñ»Ýó Ï»³ÝùÁ ½áÑ»óÇÝ Ñ³Ûñ»ÝÇùÇ ëÇñáÛÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ÂáõñùÁ å¿ïù ¿ ·ÇïݳÛ, áñ ѳÛÁ åÇïÇ ãÙáéÝ³Û ³Ýáñ ïáõ³Í ç³ñ¹Á »õ åÇïÇ ß³ñáõݳϻÝù å³Ñ³Ýç»É Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ »õ ÁݹáõÝÇ ï³É Çñ ã³ñ³·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÁ: èá½³ÉÇݳ ¶ñÇ·áñ»³Ý
Ðå³ñï »Ù, áñ Ñ³Û »Ù: È»½áõë »õ ÏñûÝùë ß³ï ÏÁ ëÇñ»Ù »õ µÝ³õ åÇïÇ ãÙáéݳÙ: Î »ñ³½»Ù »ñóÉг۳ëï³Ý »õ ï»ëÝ»É Ç٠ѳÛñ»ÝÇùë: ²Ýïñ¿ ²Ûݿ׻³Ý
Ðå³ñï »Ù, áñ Ñ³Û »Ù, áñáíÑ»ï»õ Ù»Ýù »Õ³Ýù ³é³çÇÝ ùñÇëïáÝ»³Û ³½·Á: àõÝÇÝù Ù»ñ É»½áõݪ ѳۻñ¿ÝÁ, »õ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÁª г۳ëï³ÝÁ: àõÝÇÝùÙ»ñ Ñ³Û ½ÇÝáõáñÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù ·Çß»ñ-ó»ñ»Ï ÏÁ ÑëÏ»Ý, áñï¿ñ ϳݷÝÇÝ Ù»ñÑáÕ»ñáõÝ: Ðå³ñï »Ù, áñ ²ñ³ñ³ïÁ Ù»ñÝ ¿ »õ åÇïÇ Û³çáÕÇÝù ³éÝ»É ½³ÛÝ Ãáõñù»ñ¿Ý: ê»ñÉÇ Êûß»³Ý
²Ù¿Ý ï³ñÇ Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Á ÏÁ ÛÇß¿ ²åñÇÉ 24Á: Ø»ñ å³å»ñÁ Çñ»Ýù Çñ»Ýó ½áÑ»óÇÝ, áñÙ»ñ Ñ³Û É»½áõÝ »õ å³ïÙáõÃÇõÝÁ å³Ñ»Ýù »õ ùñÇëïáÝ»³Û Ùݳù£ Ø»ñ »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ ÙÇß¹ ¹éÝ»ñÁ µ³ó ÏÁ å³Ñ¿ ³ÕûûÉáõ »õ Ù»ñ ÙáÙ»ñÁ í³é»Éáõ: ²åñÇÉ 24Á åÇïÇ ÙÝ³Û Ù»ñ ëÇñ ï»ñáõÝ »õ Ñá·ÇÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç ³ñÃáõÝ: ÂáÕ É³õ ·ÇïÝ³Û ÃáõñùÁ, áñ ѳÛÁ ãÇ Ùáéݳñ Çñ ÃßݳÙÇÝ. ²Ýáñ ѳٳñ Ù»Ýù å¿ïù ¿ ³ß˳ï³ë¿ñ ³ÝÓ»ñ ÁÉɳÝù ¹åñáóÇÝ »õ ·áñÍÇÝ Ù¿ç, óáÛó ï³Éáõ, áñ ѳÛÁ ÙÇß¹ Ï³Û »õ áõÅáí ÷³ÛÉáõÝ ÏÁ ÙݳÛ: òáÉ»ñ ä»ïñáë
ºë Ù»ñÑáÕ»ñÁ ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ù, áñáíÑ»ï»õ Ù»ñ å³å»ñÁ Ù»½Ç ѳٳñ Ïéáõ»ó³Ý »õ ÷áñÓ»óÇÝ Û³ÕûÉ: Âáõñù»ñÁ Ù»½Ù¿ å¿ïù ¿ í³ËݳÝ, áñáíÑ»ï»õ ѳۻñÁ ß³ï ½ûñ³õáñ ϳÙù áõÝÇÝ »õ µ³Ý¿ ÙÁ ã»Ý í³Ëݳñ: ºñµ »ë Ù»ÍݳÙ, ø³çÝ ì³ñ¹³ÝÇ »õ ³Ù¿Ý Ñ³Û ½ÇÝáõáñÝ»ñáõ å¿ë åÇïÇ ÁÉɳÙ: Æñ»Ýó å¿ë ù³ç åÇïÇ ¹³éݳ٠»õ åÇïÇ ãÙáéݳÙ, áñÙ»ñ å³å»ñÁ Ù»½Ç ѳٳñ ½áÑáõ»ó³Ý: γñ¿Ý ÂÇÃǽ»³Ý
²åñÇÉ 24Á ¹³ñÓ»³É ÏÁ Ùûï»Ý³Û »õ Ù»½Ç ÏÁ µ³ó³ïñ»Ý áõ ÏÁ ËûëÇÝ Ù»ñ ݳѳï³ÏÝ»ñáõ Ù³ëÇÝ áõ ÃáõñùÇÝ ïáõ³Í ç³ñ¹ÇÝ Ù³ëÇÝ: ºë ß³ï Ï ³½¹áõÇÙ, »ñµ ÏÁ Éë»Ù ÃáõñùÇÝ ã³ñ³·áñÍáõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: ÎÁ Ëáëï³Ý³Ù, »ñµ Ù»ÍݳÙ, »ë ³É ï¿ñ åÇïÇ Ï³Ý·ÝÇÙ Ù»ñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÇÝ »õ ÃáõñùÇÝ óáÛó ï³Ù, áñûñ ÙÁ å³ïÅáõÇ Çñ Áñ³Í ã³ñ³·áñÍáõû³Ý ѳٳñ: ²ñ³Ù ØÇù³Û»ÉÛ³Ý Ø»Í ºÕ»éÝÇ 1.5 ÙÇÉÇáÝ ½áÑ»ñ¿Ý »ïù, ï³ëÝ»³Ï ѳ½³ñ³õáñ ѳۻñ, ³å³ëï³Ý ·ï³Ý ûï³ñ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç »õ ³é³Ýó ÙáéݳÉáõ ëÏë³Ý å³Ñ³Ýç»É, áñ ÂáõñùÇ³Ý ×³ÝãÝ³Û ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ í»ñ³¹³ñÓÝ¿ ·ñ³õ³Í ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ï³ñ³ÍùÝ»ñÁ: ²Ûëûñ, »ë »õë ÏÁ Ùdzݳ٠ٻñ ٻͻñáõ å³Ñ³ÝçùÝ»ñáõÝ »õ Ï Áë»ÙÂáõñùÇáÛ §Ø»Ýù ï³Ï³õÇÝ Ï³¯Ýù áõ ÏÁ Ùݳ¯Ýù¦: ¶áé ÎÇñ³Ïáë»³Ý î¿ñ γݷÝÇÝù Ø»ñ ÐáÕ»ñáõÝ Ø»ñ ݳѳï³Ï Ñ»ñáëÝ»ñÝ »Ý, áñ å³ßïå³Ý³Í »Ý Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ: ²ÝáÝù Ù»Í ûñÇÝ³Ï »Ý Ù»½Ç, áñ »ñµ Ù»ÍݳÝù Ù»Ýù »õ ëÇñ»Ýó ÝÙ³Ý Ñ³Ûñ»Ý³ë¿ñ ÁÉɳÝù, å³ßïå³Ý»Ýù Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ »õ ï¿ñ ϳݷÝÇÝù ³ÝáÝó: êûýdz ê³åáõÝï×»³Ý ºë ÏÁ Ëáëï³Ý³Ù, áñ »ñµ Ù»ÍݳÙ, »ë ³É ï¿ñåÇïÇ Ï³Ý·ÝÇÙ Ù»ñ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÇÝ »õ Ãáõñù¿Ý å³Ñ³Ýç»Ù Ý»ñáÕáõÃÇõÝ Ëݹñ»É Ñ³Û ÅáÕáíáõñ¹¿Ý£ ´³ó³ïñ»É ÃßݳÙÇÇÝ, áñ ѳÛÁ ù³ç ¿ »õ åÇïÇ ß³ñáõݳϿ å³Ûù³ñÇÉ ÙÇÝã»õ, áñ ѳëÝÇ Çñ ³ñ¹³ñ Çñ³õáõÝùÇÝ: пÝñÇÏ Úáõݳݻ³Ý ä³ïÙ³Ï³Ý Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ÑáÕ»ñÁ Ù»½Ç ÏÁ å³ïϳÝÇÝ: Ø»Ýù ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ýù Ãáõñù»ñ¿Ý, áñ Çñ»Ýù ÁݹáõÝÇÝ Çñ»Ýó Ù»Í ë˳ÉÁ »õ Ù»½Ç í»ñ³¹³ñÓÝ»Ý Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ: Ø»Ýù ï¿ñÝ »ÝùÙ»ñ ÑáÕ»ñáõÝ »õ ²ñ³ñ³ï É»éÁ Ù»ñÝ ¿: â»Ýù Ùáéݳñ Ù»ñ Ù¿ÏáõÏ¿ë ÙÇÉÇáÝ ½áÑ»ñÁ: سñ¹ÇÏ ã³ñã³ñáõ»ó³Ý »õ ٳѳó³Ý: Ø»Ýù ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç»Ýù Ù»ñ ÑáÕ»ñÁ »õ åÇïÇ ã¹³¹ñÇÝù å³Ñ³Ýç»É¿ ÙÇÝã»õ áñ »ï ³éÝ»Ýù ½³ÝáÝù: êûë¿ úñá绳Ý
êöÆôèø²Ð²Ú κ²Üø
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
13
²ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý àõÇùÇ÷»ïÇ³Ý ÂáõñùÇáÛ ØÇ³Ï Ð³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ¶ÇõÕÇÝ ²ñ¹¿Ý ´³ó ¾ ؾç äÇïÇ ´³óáõÇ ºñÏñÇ ²é³çÇÝ ²ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý àõÇùÇ÷»ïdz ݳгÛÏ³Ï³Ý Â³Ý·³ñ³ÝÁ
²ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý àõÇùÇ÷»ïdzÝ` áñå¿ë ³é³ÝÓÇÝ áõÇùÇѳñóÏ, ³ñ¹¿Ý µ³óáõ³Í ¿£ гÝñ³·Çï³ñ³ÝÁ ¹»é Ýáñ ¿, ѳٳñ»³ ¹³ï³ñÏ, »õ ßáõïáí ²ñ»õ»É³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý àõÇùÇ÷»ïÇ³Û¿Ý ³ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý Ûû¹áõ³ÍÝ»ñÁ åÇïÇ ï»Õ³÷áËáõÇÝ ²ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý àõÇùÇ÷»ïdz, »õ ѳÝñ³·Çï³ñ³ÝÁ µÝ³Ï³ÝáÝ ÑáõÝáí ³ñ¹¿Ý åÇïÇ ß³ñáõݳϿ ½³ñ·³Ý³É£ ²ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý àõÇùÇ÷»ïdzÛÇ ³é³çÇÝ Ûû¹áõ³ÍÁ ÏÁ å³ïÙ¿ سÛñ»ÝÇ É»½áõÇ ûñáõ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: ²ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý àõÇùÇ÷»ïdzÛÇ áñå¿ë ³é³ÝÓÇÝ Ñ³Ýñ³·Çï³ñ³Ý ¹³éݳÉáõ ç³Ýù»ñáõÝ Ýå³ëï³Í »Ý §ìÇùÇÙ»¹Ç³ г۳ëï³Ý¦ ·Çï³ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ §¶³Éáõëï ÎÇõÉå¿ÝÏ»³Ý¦ ÑÇÙݳñÏáõÃÇõÝÁ, áñáÝù ³ÝóÝáÕ ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõÝ ³ç³Ïó³Í »Ý ²ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý àõÇùÇ÷»ïdzÛÇ ëï»ÕÍÙ³Ý »õ Ñáí³Ý³õáñ³Íª ݳ˳·ÇÍÇ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÁ:
˳·ÇÍÇ Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·áÕ ²½ÝÇõ êï»÷³Ý»³ÝÇ Ëûëùáí, ²ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý àÇùÇ÷»ïÇ³Ý ÏñÝ³Û Ï³ñ»õáñ ËÃ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹Çë³Ý³É ³ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿ÝÇ ·áñͳÍáõû³Ý ѳٳñ: §ìÇùÇÙ»¹Ç³ г۳ëï³Ý¦-Ç Ý³Ë³·³Ñª êáõë³Ýݳ ØÏñïã»³Ý Ýß³Í ¿, áñ ë³ ³ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿ÝÇÝ í»ñ³ÍÝáõݹ ï³Éáõ ϳñ»õáñ ù³ÛÉ ¿, ѽûñ Ñݳñ³õáñáõÃÇõÝ ¿ ³ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿ÝÁ å³Ñå³Ý»Éáõ »õ ½³ñ·³óÝ»Éáõ, áñå¿ë ·Çï»ÉÇùëï»ÕÍ»Éáõ »õ ëï³Ý³Éáõ É»½áõ: §àõÇùÇ÷»ïÇ³Ý Ï³ñ»õáñ ѳñÃ³Ï ¿, áõñ ³ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿ÝÁ ϳñ»ÉÇ ¿ ·áñÍ³Í»É ½³Ý³½³Ý Ó»õ»ñáí` ϳñ¹³Éáí, ËÙµ³·ñ»Éáí, µ³ñ»É³õ»Éáí »õ ëï»ÕÍ»Éáí ³ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý Ûû¹áõ³ÍÝ»ñ: àõñ³Ë »Ýù, áñ Ù»ñ ³ç³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ ³ñ¹Çõݳõ¿ï ÑÇÙù»ñáõ íñ³Û ¿: ÚáÛë áõÝÇÝù, áñ É»½áõÇÝ ïÇñ³å»ïáÕ µáÉáñ ³ÝѳïÝ»ñÁ ³Ûë ³éÇÃÁ Ï û·ï³·áñÍ»Ý Ñ³Ù³ó³ÝóÇÝ Ù¿ç ³ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý µáí³Ý¹³ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ ½³ñ·³óÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ¦, Áë³Í ¿ §¶³Éáõëï ÎÇõÉå¿ÝÏ»³Ý¦ ÑÇÙݳñÏáõû³Ý ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý µ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùÇ ïÝûñ¿Ýª ¹áÏïáñ è³½ÙÇÏ ö³Ýá뻳Ý: ²ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý àõÇùÇ÷»ïÇ³Ý µ³ó ¿ µáÉáñÇë ѳٳñ: àõÇùÇ÷»ïdzÛÇ ËÙµ³·ñÙ³Ý Ñݳñ³õáñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ Í³Ýûà µáÉáñ ³ÝÓÇù ÏñÝ³Ý Çñ»Ýó Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ µ»ñ»É ѳÝñ³·Çï³ñ³ÝÇ ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý ·áñÍÇÝ:
§ºñÏÇñ¦,- ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ð³Ã³Û Ý³Ñ³Ý·ÇÝ Ù¿ç ·ïÝáõáÕ ÙÇ³Ï Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ·ÇõÕÇݪ ì³·ÁýÇ (ì³ùÁýÉÇ- Ãñù 'b7) Ù¿ç åÇïÇ µ³óáõÇ ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ù¿ç ³é³çÇÝ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ã³Ý·³ñ³ÝÁ: ì³ùÁýÉÁÇ Ð³Û ²é³ù»É³Ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ ýáÝïÇ Ý³Ë³·³Ñ Ö»Ù â³÷³ñ ³ÕµÇõñÇÝ Û³ÛïÝ³Í ¿, áñ ³Ûë óݷ³ñ³ÝÁ åÇïÇ ³å³óáõó¿, áñ ѳۻñÝ áõ Ãáõñù»ñÁ ³åñ³Í »Ý »õ ÏñÝ³Ý ³åñÇÉ ÙdzëÇÝ: â³÷³ñ Ýß³Í ¿, áñ óݷ³ñ³ÝÁ Øß³ÏáÛÃÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõû³Ý ÏáÕÙ¿ Û³ïáõÏ Ï³ñ·³íÇ×³Ï ëï³ó³Í ¿ »õ ³õ»Éóáõó³Í, áñ ²ñ»õ»É»³Ý ÙÇç»ñÏñ³Íáí»³Ý ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý ·áñͳϳÉáõÃÇõÝÁ Ï ³ç³ÏóÇóݷ³ñ³ÝÇ µ³óáõÙÇÝ: ³ݷ³ñ³ÝÁ åÇïÇ óáõó³¹ñ¿ ì³·ÁýÇ Ùß³ÏáÛÃÇ, É»½áõÇ, å³ïÙáõû³Ý, ËáѳÝáóÇ, å³ñ»ñáõ í»ñ³µ»ñ»³É ï»Õ»ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ: §Æñ³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý Ù¿ç ·ÇõÕ³Ï³Ý ³Ûë óݷ³ñ³Ýáí ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇÝù å³ïÙ»É »°õ ѳÛϳϳÝáõû³Ý, »°õ ùñÇëïáÝ¿áõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: àñáíÑ»ï»õ ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý ³õ³ñï³Í Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ïáõ ·³Ý »õ ÏÁ ѳñóÝ»Ý, ÿ ³ñ¹»ûù ²Ý³ïáÉÇáÛ Ù¿ç »Õ³Í Ñ³ÛϳϳÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ³±½· ¿, ÿ ÏñûÝù. ³ñ¹»û±ù ³Ûëï»ÕÇ Ñ³Û»ñÁ г۳ëï³Ý¿Ý »Ï³Í ѳۻñ »Ý. DZÝã »Õ³õ ѳۻñáõ Ñ»ï: Ø»Ýù ϳñÇù áõÝÇÝù å³ïÙ»Éáõ¦, Ýß³Í ¿ ³Ý: ì³·ÁýÇ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»óõáÛ í³Ý³Ñ³Ûñª ²õ»ïÇë ³å³ß»³Ý Ýß»Éáí,
ì³ùÁý ·ÇõÕÇ »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ:
áñ ÙÇÝã»õ 1939 Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÁ гóÛÁ »Õ³Í ¿ üñ³Ýë³ÛÇ Çß˳Ýáõû³Ý ï³Ï, ³õ»Éóáõó³Í ¿, áñ Øáõë³ É»ñ³Ý ëïáñáïÇÝ ì³·ÁýÇ ÝÙ³Ý 6 ·ÇõÕ »Õ³Í ¿, ë³Ï³ÛÝ Ð³Ã³ÛÁ ÂáõñùÇáÛ ÙÇ³Ý³É¿Ý »ïù ßñç³ÝÇ Ñ³Û»ñáõÝ Ù¿Í Ù³ëÁ ·³ÕÃ³Í ¿, Ù³ë ÙÁÝ ³É ï»Õ³÷áËáõ³Í ¿ ì³·Áý. §ì³·ÁýÇ Ù¿ç 35 Ñ³Û ÁÝï³ÝÇù Ï°³åñÇ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ Ù»Í³Ù³ëÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ³ñï³ë³ÑÙ³ÝÇ Ù¿ç ¿: Ø»ñ ·ÇõÕÇÝ Ù¿ç ·ñ³·Çïáõû³Ý ٳϳñ¹³ÏÁ 99 ïáÏáë ¿: ºÏ»Õ»óõáÛ Ù¿ç å³ï³ñ³·Ý»ñÁ ѳۻñ¿Ý ÏÁ Ù³ïáõó»Ýù: ¶ÇõÕÁáõÝÇ Çõñ³Û³ïáõÏ µ³ñµ³é: ²Ûëï»Õ µÝ³ÏáÕÝ»ñÁ ·Çï»Ý »°õ ³ñ»õ»É³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý, »°õ ³ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý, µ³Ûó ³ñ³µ»ñ¿Ý »õ ѳۻñ¿Ý ˳éÝáõñ¹áí µ³ñµ³éÁ Ù»½Ç Û³ïáõÏ É»½áõ ¿: ²Ûëï»Õ µáÉáñÁ ·Çï»Ý ³Û¹ É»½áõݦ, Ýß³Í ¿ ï¿ñ ѳÛñÁ:
²Ý¹ñ³¹³ñÓª ijݿà ¶Çñ¿ç»³ÝÇ §¸¿Ù ³é ¹¿Ù ²Ýó»³ÉÇë Ñ»ï¦ ¶ÇñùÇÝ ²ñßû ¼³ù³ñ»³Ý
²ñ»õÙï³Ñ³Û»ñ¿ÝÁ UNESCOÇ ó³ÝÏÇÝ íñ³Û ¿ª áñå¿ë íï³Ý·áõ³Í É»½áõ: ²Ûë Ù¿ÏÁ í³Ë »õ Ù»Í Ùï³Ñá·áõÃÇõÝ ÏÁ Û³é³ç³óÝ¿ Ù»ñ Ù¿ç£ Ð³Û ·ñáÕÁ ÁݹѳÝñ³å¿ë Çñ ÏáÕùÇÝ ãáõÝÇ Ññ³ï³ñ³Ïã³ïáõÝ»ñ ϳ٠å»ï³Ï³Ý Ýå³ëïÝ»ñ, ³ÛÉ ÙdzÛݪ Çñ ³Ýѳï³Ï³Ý ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÁ, ³é³õ»É³·áÛÝ å³ñ³·³ÛÇݪ ³½·³ÛÇÝÇ ÙÁ ٻϻݳëáõÃÇõÝÁ£ ÐúØáõÑÇ Ä³Ý¿Ã ¶Çñ¿ç»³Ý, ù³çáõÃÇõÝÁ áõÝ»ó³Í ¿ Çñ ·ÇñùÁ ³Ýѳï³Ï³Ý ÙÇçáóÝ»ñáí Ññ³ï³ñ³Ï»Éáõ: ²Ý »ñÏñáñ¹ ·ÇñùÁª §¸¿Ù ³é ¸¿Ù ²Ýó»³ÉÇë Ñ»ï¦ (³é³çÇÝÁ ù»ñÃáõ³ÍÝ»ñáõ ѳõ³ù³ÍáÛ ÙÁÝ ¿ª §Ì³Õϳù³Õ¦ Ëáñ³·Çñáí) ÏÁ å³ñáõݳϿ ³½·³ÛݳßáõÝã µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ£ ¶Çñ¿ç»³ÝÇ Ù³Ï³ÝáõÝÁ Ãñù»ñ¿Ýáí ·³× ÏÁ Ý߳ݳϿ. áõÕÕ³·ñáõÃÇÝÁ ÷áË»Éáíª µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÑÇÝ ½³ÛÝ Ñ³Û³óáõó³Í áõ í»ñ³Í³Í ¿ §·Çñ¦ »õ §¿ç¦Ç£ ²Ý ÍÝ³Í ¿ гɿå, γÃáÕÇÏ¿ â³ÉÁ·»³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ Û³ñÏÇÝ ï³Ï£ Ú³×³Ë³Í ¿ ²Ý³ñ³ï ÚÕáõû³Ý ùáÛñ»ñáõ í³ñųñ³ÝÁ, ³å³ª §ÈÇ뿦 üñ³Ýë³Ï³Ý ¹åñáóÁ »õ ø³ñ¿Ý º÷÷¿ ²½·. Ö»Ù³ñ³ÝÁ£ 1959ÇÝ ³Ùáõëݳó³Í ¿ ä³ñ·»õ ¶Çñ¿ç»³ÝÇ Ñ»ï »õ ÷á˳¹ñáõ³Íª Èǵ³Ý³Ý: 1976ÇÝ ·³ÕÃ³Í »Ý ¶³Ý³ï³£ ²Ý áõëáõóãáõû³Ùµ ½µ³Õ³Í ¿ гɿåÇ, ä¿ÛñáõÃÇ »õ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ù¿ç£ §ºáñù¦ ѳٳÉë³ñ³Ý¿Ý ëï³ó³Í ¿ Çñ BA íϳ۳ϳÝÁ£ 2001¿Ý 2005 å³ßïûݳí³ñ³Í ¿ ÐúØÇ ³Ù¿Ýûñ»³Û í³ñųñ³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç£ àõÝÇ »ñ»ù ½³õ³ÏÝ»ñª äûÕáë, ²ë³ïáõñ »õ سñ³É£ ´³Ëï³õáñáõ³Í ¿ ãáñë ÃáéÝÇÏÝ»ñáíª ²ñ³, ²Ý³ÛÇë, гÝݳ »õ Öáñ×£ Æñ µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁÉáÛë ï»ë³Í »Ý ë÷Çõéù³Ñ³Û ½³Ý³½³Ý ûñûñáõÙ¿ç£ §¸¿Ù ³é ¸¿Ù ²Ýó»³ÉÇë Ñ»ï¦ ·ÇñùÁ, Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñÇë ³Ýó»³ÉÇ óáɳóáõÙÝ ¿ »õ ³å³·³ÛÇ áõÕÇÝ£ ¶Çñ¿ç»³ÝÇ ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ å³ñ½ ï»Õ»Ï³·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ
ã»Ý, ³ÛÉ Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ Û³ñ³µ»ñáõû³Ý, ³½·³ÛÇÝ Ùï³Ñá·áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ, гÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ùï³Í»É³Ï»ñåÇ, ·³ÕáõóÛÇÝ Ï»³ÝùÇ, ѳõ³ïùÇ ½ûñ³óÙ³Ý, µ³ñù»ñáõ ß³ñáõݳÏáõû³Ý, Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ Ï»³ÝùÇ í»ñÉáõÍáõÙÝ»ñ »õ ë»ñïáÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ »Ýª Ù³ùñ³Ù³ùáõñ »õ ѳëÏݳÉÇ Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ýáí£ ²Ý ÏÁ ·ñ¿ Ù»Í Ùûñ »õ ÃáéÝÇÏÇ Û³ïáõÏ Û³ñ³µ»ñáõû³Ý, å³ïϳݻÉÇáõû³Ý, ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý ¹³ëïdzñ³Ïáõû³Ý, Ñ³Û ÏÝáç ³½³ï³·ñÙ³Ý ß³ñÅáõÙÇÝ, ³ÙáõëݳÉáõÍáõû³Ý »õ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý Û³ñ·³ÝùÇ Ù³ëÇÝ£ Æñ ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝÙ¿ç ³é³çݳѻñà »Ý ³å³·³Û ë»ñáõÝ¹Ç Ñ»ï ϳåáõ³Í ѳñó»ñÁª ÇÝãå¿ë ³ÕûÃùÇ Ï³ñ»õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ, Ñ»é³ï»ëÇÉÁ, å³ï»ñ³½Ù ï»ë³Í å³ï³ÝÇÝ »õ ٳݳõ³Ý¹ ѳÛáõû³Ý ç³ÑÁ ÷á˳Ýó»Éáõ ¹Åáõ³ñ »õ Û³ñ³ï»õáÕ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÁ£ ÂáñáÝÃáÝ ³ÛÝ ûñÑÝáõ³Í ù³Õ³ùÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏÝ ¿, áõñ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý µáÉáñ »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ»ñÝ áõ Ïáõë³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ·áñͳÏóÇÝ Çñ³ñáõ Ñ»ï ѳٻñ³ßË ÙÃÝáÉáñïÇ Ù¿ç£ àõÝÇ ÙÇç-Û³ñ³Ýáõ³Ý³Ï³Ý Ù³ñÙÇÝ£ Ø»ñ ³ñ¹Ç å³ïÙáõÃÇõÝÁ ÙdzÛÝ Ð³Û³ëï³Ý-²ñó³Ë »õ Ñ³Û ¸³ï ã¿, ³ÛÉ Ý³»õ Ù»ñ ë÷Çõéù³Ñ³Û Ï»³ÝùÝ ¿, Ù»ñ »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ»ñÝ áõ ÙÇáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù Ù³ëÝÇÏÝ»ñÝ »Ý ³Ûë å³ïÙáõû³Ý£ ²Ûë ï»ë³ÝÏÇõÝ¿Ý ¹Çïáõ³Íª ³å³·³ÛÇ å³ïÙ³µ³ÝÝ»ñÁ »õ ÁÝÏ»ñ³µ³ÝÝ»ñÁ ³Ýå³ÛÙ³Ý ¶Çñ¿ç»³ÝÇ ·ÇñùÇÝ Ï³ñÇùÁ åÇïÇ áõÝ»Ý³Ý ë÷Çõéù³Ñ³Û Ï»³ÝùÁ ѳëÏݳÉáõ »õ ÁÙµéÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ£ Æñ §²é³çݳϳñ· Øï³Ñá·áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ¦ Ûû¹áõ³ÍÇÝ Ù¿ç ÏÁ ·ñ¿ 'b7 §Æõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ³Ýѳïªï³ñ»ó, ã³÷³Ñ³ë, »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ï³Ùå³ï³ÝÇ,å¿ïù¿ÁÉɳÛÙ»ñÙï³Ñá·áõû³Ý³é³ñϳÝ, Ù»ñÙï³ÍáõÙÝ»ñáõÝÏ»¹ñáÝÁ£Ø»Ýù³ÝáÝóÑ»ïå¿ïù¿í³ñáõÇÝù³ÛÝå¿ë, áñ³ÝáÝóÙ¿Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñÁÇÝù½ÇÝù½·³ÛÇñï³ÝÙ ¿ç, ÇñÁÝï³ÝÇùÇÝÙ¿ç£Ð»ï»õ³µ³ñ, Ù»½Ù¿ ÏÁ ëå³ëáõÇ ëï»ÕÍ»É ³ÛëåÇëÇ ÙÃÝáÉáñï ÙÁ, áõñáãáù ÇÝù½ÇÝù ½·³Û ³é³Ý-
ÓÇÝ Ï³Ù ûï³ñ, Ù»Ïáõë³ó³Í ϳ٠Ùáéóáõ³Í£ î³ñ»óÁ ÃáÕ ³Ûë ѳٳÛÝùÁ ÇñïáõÝÁ Ýϳ￣ â³÷³Ñ³ëÁ ³Ýáñ ݳÛÇ Çµñ»õÇñ û׳ËÁ£ ºñÇï³ë³ñ¹Á ÃáÕÑáÝ ·ïÝ¿ Çñ ÛÕ³ó³Í Íñ³·ÇñÝ»ñáõÝ ×³Ùµ³Ý£ سÝáõÏÁ ÑáÝ ·³Û ǵñ»õÇñ Ý»ñÏ³Ý Ï»ñïáÕ »õ ³å³·³Ý óáÛó ïáõáÕ ×³Ý³å³ñÑÁ£ ²Ûë ÁÉÉ³Û Ù»ñ ·É˳õáñ ³é³çݳ·áÛÝ Ùï³Ñá·áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ¦£ ²Ý¹ñ³¹³éݳÉáí ²ñ³Ù ² ϳÃáÕÇÏáëÇ ³ÛÝ Ïáݹ³ÏÇÝ, áõñ 2017 ï³ñÇÝ Ñéã³Ïáõ³Í ¿ §ì»ñ³Ýáñá·Ù³Ý î³ñǦ, ³Ý ÏÁ ·ñ¿. §²ñ¹, áõñ»ÙÝ, 2017Ç ³Ûë í»ñ³Ýáñá·Ù³Ý ßñç³ÝÇÝ Ù»Ýù ³É Ù»ñ ϳñ·ÇÝ ¹³éݳÝù Ù»ñ ³ñÙ³ïÝ»ñáõÝ »õ í»ñ³Ýáñá·áõÇÝù Ù»ñ µ³ñù»ñáí áõ Ï»Ýó³Õáí, ³Ùáõñ ϳéãÇÝù Ù»ñ ѳÛñ»ñáõ ùñÇëïáÝ¿³Ï³Ý ѳõ³ïùÇÝ »õ ³ÙáõëÝ³Ï³Ý Ï»³ÝùÇ Ñ³Ý¹¿å áõÝ»ó³Í ѳõ³ï³ñÙáõû³Ý áõ Û³ñ·³ÝùÇÝ£ ÂáÕ Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý É»½áõÝ ÍÉÇ, ͳÕÏÇ Ù»ñ Û³ñÏ»ñ¿Ý Ý»ñë, ÃáÕ Ñ³Û ·ÇñÝáõ ·ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ, »ñ·Ý áõ ѳٻñ·Á, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ³ÕûÃùÁ Ù³ë ϳ½Ù»Ý Ù»ñ ³éûñ»³Û Ï»Ýó³ÕÇÝ »õ ½µ³ÕáõÙÝ»ñáõÝ£ ÂáÕ ºÏ»Õ»óÇÝ Ð³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÁÉÉ³Û ÍÝݹ³í³ÛñÁ Ù»ñ Ñá·ÇÝ»ñáõÝ »õ ³Ù¿Ý ÎÇñ³ÏÇ ÁÝï³Ý»ûù »ñóÝù ²ëïáõÍáÛ ïáõÝÁ ³ÕûûÉáõ, Ù»ñ Ñá·»å³ñ³ñ ß³ñ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÁ áõÝÏݹñ»Éáõ, êáõñµ гÕáñ¹áõû³Ý Ù»ñÓ»óáõÙáíÙ»ñÑá·»õáñ ëÝáõݹÁ ³å³Ñáí»Éáõ, ǵñ»õ Ù¿Ï Ù»Í ÁÝï³ÝÇù, Ù»ñ ѳٳÛÝùÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñáõÝ Í³ÝûóݳÉáõ »õ ѳÕáñ¹³Ïó»Éáõ¦£ §Ì³é³Ûáõû³Ý ï³ñǦ ·ñáõû³Ý Ù¿ç ¶Çñ¿ç»³Ý Ï°³Ý¹ñ³¹³éÝ³Û ÐúØÇ áõÝ»ó³Í ¹»ñÇÝ »õ Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÇݪ Ù»ñ ³Ù¿Ýûñ»³Û í³ñųñ³Ý¿Ý Ý»ñë, ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ Í³é³Ûáõû³Ý Ýå³ëïÇÝ, Øûñáõ سÝÏ³Ý ÍÝݹ³ï³Ý »õ ²ñó³ËÇ êûë¿ Ø³Ýϳå³ñï¿½Ç í»ñ³Ýáñá·Ù³Ý Ù»Í ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇÝ£ ²Ý áõÝÇ 5 ³ÛÉ ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñª Û³ïϳå¿ë ÐúØÇ §èáõµÇݳ¦ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇÝ Ñ»ï ³éÁÝãáõáÕ, áñáÝù ÏÁ Ïñ»Ý Ñ»ï»õ»³É Ëáñ³·ÇñÝ»ñÁª §êñïÇ Ëûëù áõÕÕáõ³Í ÐúØÇ ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ Í³é³Ûáõû³Ý ·ñ³ë»Ý»³ÏÇݦ, §ÐúØÇ §èáõµÇݳ¦ Ù³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇ ³é³ù»ÉáõÃÇõ-
ÝÁ 45³Ù»³Û åñÇëÙ³ÏÇ Áݹٿç¿Ý¦, §øë³Ý î³ñÇ ì»ñç¦, §îáÑÙÇÏ úñ ¼¿ÛÃáõÝ »õ г×Áݦ, §ÒÇûÝÇÇ ÖÇõÕÁ¦£ Üß»³É í»ñݳ·ÇñÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ óáɳóÝ»Ý ÐúØÇ ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõû³Ý µ³½Ù³½³Ý ³ß˳ï³ÝùÝ»ñÁ£ ¶Çñ¿ç»³Ý 53 Ûû¹áõ³ÍÝ»ñáí ë÷Çõéù³Ñ³Û Ï»³ÝùÁ, ѳÛáõ µ³ñá۳ϳÝÁ, ³ÕûÃùÇ ¨ ѳõ³ïùÇ, ϳٳõáñ ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ Ï³ñ»õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ ³ñï³Û³ÛïáÕ »õ í»ñÉáõÍáÕ ÷áõÝç ÙÁ ÏÁ ÝáõÇñ¿ Ù»½Ç£ Ú³é³ç³µ³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ä³ñáÝ ²Ý¹ñ³ÝÇÏ âÇÉÇÝÏÇñ»³Ý ·ñùÇ µáí³Ý¹³Ïáõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ÏÁ ·ñ¿ 'b7§Ð³ñáõëï »õ ³Ûɳ½³Ý µÝáÛÃÇ Ã»Ù³Ý»ñáí ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ѳõ³ù³ÍáÛ ÙÁÝ ¿, áõñ ÏÁ ïáÕ³Ýó»Ý ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ, ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ, »Ï»Õ»ó³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáõÝ¿áõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ í»ñÉáõͳϳÝ-Ýϳñ³·ñ³Ï³Ý ³Õáõáñ Ûáõß³ù³Õ ÙÁ¦£ ¶Çñ¿ç»³ÝÇ ù³çáõÃÇõÝÁ áõÝ»óáÕ Ñ»ÕÇݳÏÝ»ñáõ, áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñáõ, ³é³çÝáñ¹Ý»ñáõ, Ù³Ûñ»ñáõ ϳñÇùÁ áõÝÇÝùª í³é å³Ñ»Éáõ Ù»ñ É»½áõÝ, Ùß³ÏáÛÃÁ, ѳõ³ïùÁ, ѳõ³ù³Ï³Ý Ï»³ÝùÁ, Çñ³õáõÝùÝ»ñÁ »õ ÇÝùÝáõÃÇõÝÁ£
14
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
¶Ç￱Çù ÿ ³ÕÙ³Ý Í³Ëë»ñÁ ·ñ»Ã¿ ÝáÛÝÝ »Ý »õ ϳ˻³Éª ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ Ï³ï³ñ³Í ÁÝïñáõûݿÝ
´³ñ»õ § »ë ×áÝ ø¿ÛÝÝ »Ùª R.S.Kane Funeral Home-Ç Ý³Ë³·³ÑÁ: ºÃ¿ Û³õ»É»³É û·Ýáõû³Ý å¿ïù áõÝÇù § Ëݹñ»Ù ϳåáõ»ó¿ù Ù»½Ç Ñ»ï Ð»é© 416-221-1159 γ٠e-mail: info@rskane.ca
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
15
16
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ ºñ¿óÝ»ñáõ ÀÝÏ»ñ³ÏóáõÃÇÝÁ Ïáã Ï°áõÕÕ¿ ·³ÕáõÃÇë »ñ¿ó ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñáõÝ Ù³ë ϳ½Ù»Éáõ ÀÝÏ»ñ³Ïóáõû³Ý »õ í³Û»É»Éáõ Ùï»ñÙÇÏ ÙÃÝáÉáñï
³Ù¿Ý »ñ»ùß³µÃÇ ³é. ųÙÁ 9:00¿Ý ÙÇÝã»õ Ï». ųÙÁ 2:00Á ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝ¿Ý Ý»ñë£
17
18
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
19
20
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
ARMENIAN GENOCIDE
Thousands Gather in Ottawa to Commemorate the 104th Anniversary of the Armenian Genocide
Canadian Armenians gather at the Parliament Hill for the official commemoration of the Armenian Genocide, Ottawa, April 24.
OTTAWA On April 24, thousands of Canadians from across the country gathered in Ottawa, to commemorate the 104thanniversary of the Armenian Genocide and to reinstate their commitment to remembering, condemning and demanding justice for this grave crime against humanity. April 24th represents the single most important date in the lives of all Armenians. It is a day of solemn remembrance and commemoration, dedicated to the lives of 1.5million Armenians who perished during the Armenian Genocide of 1915-1923, perpetrated by the Ottoman Turkish Empire. As a part of this state-sanctioned genocide, Armenians, Pontic Greeks, Assyrians and other minorities were subjected to severe discrimination, persecution and a genocide that claimed the lives of millions of innocent women, men and children. Despite the passage of a century, our commitment to this timeless cause and to the legacy of our forefathers is stronger than ever said Shahen Mirakian, president of the Armenian National Committee of Canada (ANCC). The demonstrators first gathered at the steps of Parliament Hill, where they thanked
the Canadian government for its ongoing recognition of the genocide of 1915-23, and called upon the government to exert pressure on its NATO ally, Turkey, to come to terms with its past and to put an end to its ongoing policy of Genocide denial. We are extremely grateful to the successive Canadian governments for their principled and courageous recognition of this heinous crime and we will remain committed to working with the international community to ensure a proper and long overdue recognition by the Republic of Turkey said Mirakian. Following the official ceremony on Parliament Hill, the demonstrators ceremoniously marched via Rideau St. to the Embassy of Turkey where they staged a peaceful demonstration against Turkey s ongoing denial policies and human rights violations, demanding justice for the 1.5 million victims of the Armenian Genocide. Our message has been the same and will continue to be the same we will not accept any apology that does not offer recognition, restitution and reparations from the Government of Turkey concluded Mirakian.
ANCC Testifies at Justice Committee on Online Hate
ANCC chairperson Shahen Mirakian
OTTAWA On April 11, 2019, Shahen Mirakian, president of the Armenian National Committee of Canada (ANCC), testified at the House of Commons Standing Committee on Justice and Human Rights regarding the committee s ongoing study on how to combat online hate in Canada. The committee initiated this study to hear the different perspectives and recommendations of various civil society organizations, on how to strategically combat online hate and to explore the possible amendments that could be made to the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code.
In his opening remarks to the committee, Mirakian said As representatives of a community that has suffered genocide, the ultimate expression of hate based violence, we are more familiar than most with the consequences of the promotion of hate. Similarly as a community that has routinely advocated for positions that run counter to the status quo, we are fierce defenders of freedom of expression. Mirakian also highlighted the important work that is being done by a coalition of by human rights advocacy organizations to mark April as Genocide Remembrance, Condemnation and Prevention Month while asking the Government of Canada to adopt a national strategy for tracking, preventing and prosecuting hate motivated cybervandalism and hacking of community organization websites and social media accounts. The study undertaken by this committee is a very important first step in combatting online hate. We are thankful to this committee for making room on its agenda during Genocide Remembrance, Condemnation and Prevention month to bring attention to this issue and do its part in preventing future genocides. We are hopeful that this study results in an effective national strategy to deal with the pressing problem of online hate promotion, concluded Mirakian.
Commemorators in front of the Turkish embassy in Ottawa.
The crowd on the streets of Ottawa.
Every year on April 24th, millions of Armenians and non-Armenians from around the world stand in unison to demand their rights and to obtain condemnation of the crimes that were perpetrated against them by the Ottoman Turkish government.
Despite Turkey s efforts to obstruct progress toward a truthful and just international resolution of this crime, numerous countries and international organizations, including Canada have recognized the events of 1915 as a genocide.
Statement by Minister of Canadian Heritage and Multiculturalism Pablo Rodriguez on Genocide Remembrance, Condemnation and Prevention Month Today, in Canada, we honour the memory of the victims of genocide. Throughout history, the world has been afflicted by too many genocides including the Holocaust, the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, the Ukrainian Holodomor, the Armenian genocide, the Srebrenica massacre, the genocide of Yazidis and the Rohingya genocide, to name the ones that have been recognized in Canada s House of Commons. In 2015, members of the House of Commons passed a historic motion to recognize the month of April as Genocide Remembrance, Condemnation and Prevention Month. Canada has welcomed the survivors of these atrocities and the descendants of those who perished. It is our duty to commemorate the victims and survivors of these atrocities. During Genocide Remembrance, Condemnation and Prevention Month, we recommit our collective responsibility to stand up against discrimination and prejudice in all their forms, no matter where they occur.
Minister Rodriguez
As Minister of Canadian Heritage and Multiculturalism, I want to reiterate our commitment to preventing hatred from taking root in our communities. May we always remember that Canada is stronger because of its diversity and openness.
ARMENIAN GENOCIDE
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
21
Macron Makes It Official: April 24 Is Commemoration Colorado Senate Commemorates Day For Armenian Genocide In France of the Armenian Genocide. According to the document, a ceremony paying tribute to the Armenian Genocide victims will be held in Paris on April 24 every year. Similar events may also be held in every city at the initiative of the local governments. The French prime minister is mandated to implement the specifics of the decision. Macron announced the observance of April 24 as a national day of commemoration of the Armenian Genocide on February 5 when he spoke at the Coordinating Council of Armenian Organizations (CCAF) gala in Paris. France is, first and foremost, the country that knows how to look history in the face, and was among the first to denounce the killing of the Armenian people in 1915 as genocide, and in 2001 after a long struggle recognized it as law, Macron told the crowd gathered at French President Emmanuel Macron the CCAF gala in February. (Asbarez)- French President Emmanuel I am very proud to represent in Armenia Macron on Wednesday signed an order the country that will commemorate the victims declaring April 24 as a day of commemoration of the Armenian Genocide of 1915 an integral
part of our collective memory every year, France s Ambassador to Armenia Jonathan Lacote wrote in a Facebook message on Thursday. Macron s announcement came on the heels of Italy s Chamber of Deputies overwhelmingly adopting a resolution calling on Italy to recognize the Armenian Genocide. In a statement, Turkey s foreign ministry strongly condemned both decisions on Thursday. It is inevitable that France s attitude, which is far from amicable, will impact its relations with Turkey in a negative way, the statement said. Turkey s Foreign Ministry called the Italian legislature s vote as an example of using Armenian claims for domestic political interests. It is not surprising that this motion was drafted by the Lega Party, led by Matteo Salvini, who is committed to sabotaging relations between Turkey and Italy, added the foreign ministry statement.
Italian Parliament Approves Motion On Armenian Genocide Recognition
Italian parliament building.
Italy s lower house of parliament on Wednesday overwhelmingly approved a resolution of Wednesday calling on the government to officially recognize the Armenian Genocide and elevate the profile of the issue on an international level. The bill was approved with 382 votes in favor, none against and 43 abstentions mainly from members of the opposition center-right Forza Italia party of former prime minister Silvio Berlusconi. Italy s government, which had neither
supported nor opposed the measure, will have to follow up on the parliament s mandate, but is not legally obliged to do so. Yerevan welcomed the decision by Italy s legislature, saying raising awareness about the Armenian Genocide by the Italian Parliament is an important step in the prevention of genocides and crimes against humanity. The decision adopted by the Parliament of Italy is yet another important step in the efforts of the international community to respect
and restore the rights of the Armenian people who suffered the Genocide, Armenia s Foreign Ministry said in its statement. The mere consideration of an Armenian Genocide recognition bill by the Chamber of Deputies Camera Camera dei deputati angered Turkey, prompting the government to summon the Italy s ambassador to Turkey on Monday, while the measure was being debated in parliament, to express Ankara s regret . However, the overwhelming passage of the motion drew condemnation from the office of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey. We strongly condemn the Italian parliament s most recent attempt at distorting and politicizing our nation s history, Erdogan s communications director Fahrettin Altun said Wednesday after the vote. Instead of attacking each other s memories, we must all work together to ensure that truth prevails over fiction, Altun added. The ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP), which suffered major losses last week in local elections, notably in Ankara and Istanbul, also condemned the Italian s legislature s decision. Speaking to reporters, Ömer Çelik, the AKP spokesman, said Italy is being tricked by Armenian diaspora, which in no way wants normal relations between Turkey and Armenia.
Portuguese Parliament Recognizes Armenian Genocide
The parliament pf Portugal
Lawmakers in Portugal on April 26 voted overwhelmingly to recognize the Armenian Genocide, saying in a resolution passed at the Assembly of the Republic that the systematic extermination by the Ottoman authorities directed at the Armenian minority
in its territory is considered by the international community of historians as the first genocide of the twentieth century. The resolution, backed by all political forces represented in the parliament, also serves as a remembrance of the victims of
the Armenian Genocide. This remembrance should serve as a lesson for our time, because, given the current level of nationalism, xenophobia and intolerance worldwide, it is essential to remember the tragedies of the past. It is also through the culture of memory that the Assembly is committed to upholding human rights and emphasize the importance of strengthening dialogue among peoples, religions, cultures and civilizations, the resolution said. The text of the resolution also includes a historic reference to the events of the day, saying that it was on April 24 that the outbreak of massacres against the Armenian population is marked annually, since it was at on this day in 1915 that the Ottoman authorities arrested and executed 250 Armenian intellectuals and community leaders in Constantinople under orders of the government of the Young Turks . The resolution also points out that in the years during and after World War I it is estimated that between 800,000 and 1.5 million people were killed as a result of the genocide.
Armenian Genocide
Recognizes Artsakh
Colorado s State Senate unanimously voted today to designate April 24 as Colorado Day of the Remembrance of the Armenian Genocide through a strongly-worded resolution that also recognized the Republic of Artsakh and the recent cultural genocide in Nakhichevan. We are so proud of this year s courageous resolution that recognizes the ongoing genocidal repercussions faced by the Armenian homeland, remarked the Armenian National Committee of America Western Region (ANCA WR) chair Nora Hovsepian. The resolution is particularly commendable for referencing and effectively recognizing the Republic of Artsakh, continued Hovsepian. This success, which builds upon the Sardarapat Highway and the Capitol Khachkar Memorial, is another testament to the effectiveness of the determined and persistent activism pursued by Colorado s vibrant Armenian American grassroots. Championed by Democratic Senator Dominick Moreno and Republican Senator Jack Tate, Senate Resolution 19-012 recounts the historical background of the Armenian Genocide, recalls Colorado s WWI-era efforts in support of the Armenian Nation, and references the ongoing consequences of the Armenian Genocide that impact the Armenian homeland on a daily basis. In particular, the resolution states that The ongoing consequences of the Armenian Genocide and its impunity include the TurkishAzerbaijani blockade of the already-landlocked sister states of the Armenian homeland, the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Artsakh. This recognition increases the number of American states that have recognized Artsakh to nine. SR 19-012 also cites the recently-exposed cultural genocide in Nakhichevan as an outcome of the impunity for the Armenian Genocide. SR 19-012 was voted on in the morning of April 24 in the presence of ANCA activists and Armenian American community leaders. In addition to SR 19-012, Colorado Governor Jared Polis recently proclaimed April as Genocide Awareness Month.
Spanish City Of Burgos Recognizes The Armenian Genocide
The City Council of Burgos, Spain, has unanimously adopted a motion submitted by the Ararat Armenian Union on the recognition of the Armenian genocide. Burgos thus becomes the 34th municipality in Spain to recognize the Armenian Genocide. The four parties represented in the City Council issued a joint communiqué condemning the perpetrators of the genocide and urging Turkey and Spain to recognize the Armenian Genocide.
22
ARMENIAN GENOCIDE
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
Erdogan Says Deporting Armenians Was Appropriate At The Time
Ottoman military forces march Armenian men from Kharput to an execution site outside the city. Kharput, Ottoman Empire, March 1915-June 1915. [Courtesy of the Armenian National Institute.]
(Bloomberg)- Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said the deportation of Armenians by the Ottoman Empire in the early 20th century was reasonable at the time. Erdogan made the comment Wednesday at a symposium where he slammed France for marking the Ottoman campaign against
the Armenians as a genocide. The relocation of the Armenian gangs and their supporters, who massacred the Muslim people, including women and children, in eastern Anatolia, was the most reasonable action that could be taken in such a period, Erdogan said in a Twitter post in English. We
see that those who attempt to lecture us on human rights over the Armenian issue themselves have a bloody past, he added, accusing the French of committing genocide in Africa. Armenians say 1.5 million ethnic Armenians were killed from 1915 to 1923 in a deliberate campaign of genocide in Anatolia, the heartland of present-day Turkey. Ankara maintains the deaths occurred in clashes with Ottoman forces after Armenian groups sided with an invading Russian army. The conflicting narratives lie at the core of tensions between Armenia and Turkey, which have no diplomatic ties and face each other across a closed border. Armenia marks April 24 as Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day, and earlier this year, France said it would do the same. President Donald Trump himself to using the Armenian name for the slaughter, Meds Yeghern, and paid tribute to the memory of those who suffered in one of the worst mass atrocities of the 20th century. The Armenian population in Turkey today numbers in the tens of thousands. I remember with respect Ottoman Armenians who lost their lives under difficult conditions of World War I, Erdogan said in a message to the dwindling ethnic Armenian community in Turkey.
Armenia Urges International Community to Strongly Condemn Turkish President s Insult to Memory of Genocide Victims Armenia urged the international community to strongly condemn the insult and injury to the memory and dignity of the victims of Genocide and their survivors, and to take further resolute actions in order to reinforce the responsibility of States to comply with their obligations to protect populations from genocide, to fight impunity and to prevent such a crime, including the incitement to it, the foreign ministry of Armenia said in a statement released on the commemoration of the Armenian Genocide. On April 24 Armenians all over the world together with the friends of the Armenian people and humanity commemorated the 104th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. Many nations, communities and societies joined this commemoration all over the world. We are grateful to all of them, to world leaders, parliamentarians, philanthropists, scholars, journalists and human rights activists for standing by the Armenian people in commemoration of the 1.5 million victims of the Armenian Genocide. However, Turkey continues to hold to odious policies of denialism, offence to the dignity and memory of the victims of the Genocide and incapacity to face its past, manifested once again in the address by the
President of Turkey on 24 April this year. The reference to the victims of the Genocide as Armenian gangs and their supporters is most insulting and deplorable. The justification of the Armenian Genocide, planned and perpetrated by the Ottoman government as relocation and further qualifying it as the most reasonable act is particularly shocking, yet attesting to the intent to destroy in whole or in part the Armenian population of the Ottoman Turkey, a national, ethnical and religious group as defined by the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. F u r t h e r m o r e , Tu r k e y h a s b e e n consistently trying to introduce a religious dimension to its denialist narrative, which is beyond contempt. No religion in the world can harbour genocide perpetrators and their supporters. The history of the Armenian Genocide with many rescuers from Muslim communities, including religious leaders, as well as its wide international recognition and condemnation is a case in point. As in 1915, more than a century later, the leadership of Turkey continues to blatantly defy the international public opinion and historical reality. Turkey s policies and actions of denial and justification manifest flagrant
subversion of the fight against impunity for atrocity crimes, promoting accountability, reconciliation and prevention of genocide. They undermine the important efforts of the international community to prevent situations in which the crime of genocide could be committed. These actions and policies are conspicuous acts of incitement to hatred and perpetration of atrocity crimes, they demonstrate the incapacity and failure of responsibility of the government of Turkey to protect populations from genocide and constitute a threat to international and regional peace, security and stability. Armenia urges the international community to strongly condemn the insult and injury to the memory and dignity of the victims of Genocide and their survivors, and to take further resolute actions in order to reinforce the responsibility of States to comply with their obligations to protect populations from genocide, to fight impunity and to prevent such a crime, including the incitement to it. Commemoration and respect of dignity of the victims of genocide are amongst the most important actions in prevention of genocide , the statement said.
New South Wales Premier Confident Australia Will Recognize Armenian Genocide
NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian
The Sydney Morning Herald ,- NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian has renewed calls on her colleagues in federal government to formally recognize the the Armenian Genocide and slammed the Turkish government s tactics of denial as textbook . Speaking at an event commemorating the 104th anniversary of the Genocide, Berejiklian said such denial allows genocidal states to commit these heinous crimes in the belief that they will escape the consequences. That s why we can never forget. Leaders of the Armenian community who spoke at the event had bitter words for Prime Minister Scott Morrison, who despite previously calling it Genocide, sent a statement to event organizers acknowledging the tragedy which stopped short of using the term. While 29 nations and two Australian states NSW and South Australia recognize the Ottoman Empire s extermination of about 1.5 million Armenians over the course of a decade from April 1915 as genocide, the federal government has not taken that step. Speaking with reporters on Wednesday, April 24, Morrison said despite using the word genocide in the past as a private citizen , as Prime Minister I represent the views of the country . But Berejiklian, whose grandparents were orphaned in the atrocity, said she is confident that Australia will come to formally recognize it as genocide, as the state she leads does. I m grateful that so many of our states around Australia, such as proudly here in NSW, and so many nations around the world, have recognized the Armenian Genocide. And of course, I look forward to the day our Australian government does the same.
Prime Minister Pashinyan Slams Erdogan Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan urged the international community to respond to President Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey, who said on April 24 that the deportation of Armenian during the time spanning the Armenian Genocide was the most reasonable action that could have been taken. Pashinyan called the Turkish leader s remarks extreme hate speech and justification of the murder of a nation. The relocation of the Armenian gangs and their supporters, who massacred the Muslim people, including women and children, in eastern Anatolia, was the most reasonable action that could be taken in such a period, said Erdogan, who also posted this message on his Twitter account. We see that those who attempt to lecture
us on human rights over the Armenian issue themselves have a bloody past, he added, accusing the French of committing genocide in Africa. Calling victims of the Armenian Genocide the Ottoman Empire s entire Armenian population, which was sent to death marches Armenian gangs & their supporters, killing 1.5 million [people] and justifying it as a most reasonable action is not just a new high in denialism, but justification of a nation s murder, said Pashinyan in a Twitter post in response to Erdogan. Above all, doing this on April 24 is an ultimate insult to the Armenian people and to humanity, extreme hate speech by Erdogan personally. The world must speak out, Pashinyan added. Prime minister NikolPashinian
DIASPORA
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
23
By Denying The Armenian Genocide, Turkish Leaders Publicize It Even More By: Harut Sassounian More than a century after the mass crime of genocide against Armenians, Assyrians and Greeks, most Turks still feel self-conscious as April 24 approaches and whenever someone refers to their Crime Against Humanity! Many Turkish officials and journalists feel compelled to defend their country s tarnished reputation by trying to cover up the Genocide committed by their ancestors. By doing so, they automatically associate themselves with the guilt of their forefathers and in turn become guilty themselves for denying one of the most heinous crimes in the history of mankind. Why would Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu, on April 15, 2019, falsely claim that Turkey has not committed any genocide in its history? How many leaders of other countries have made such a statement? Cavusoglu knows well that the Ottoman Turks did commit Genocide as he is desperately trying to conceal their crimes. Cavusoglu and his fellow denialists do not seem to realize that the more they proclaim their innocence, the more they affiliate themselves with the Genocide and become accessories to that barbaric crime! Each time Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan or his underlings talk about the Genocide, even in a dismissive manner, they are actually publicizing worldwide the facts of the Genocide and informing everyone that Turks are accused of committing Genocide! Interestingly, Cavusoglu warned that the
Turkish government will not stay silent against some countries trying to lecture Turkey on history. This is exactly what Armenians want him to do. The more he talks about the Genocide, the more he exposes the Turkish crime to the world! Cavusoglu and other Turkish denialists find themselves in the ironic situation of damned if you do, and damned if you don t. In other words, if they remain silent against the accusations of Genocide, they would be acknowledging it, and if they deny it, they would be spreading the news about their historic crime. There is no positive outcome for them. They are caught in the horns of a serious dilemma! In early April, at a NATO meeting in Antalya, Turkey, Cavusoglu criticized French President Emmanuel Macron for declaring April 24 as a national day in France for the commemoration of the Armenian Genocide. By lashing out at Macron, the Turkish Foreign Minister made the situation even worse for his own country. In protest, a French Parliamentarian walked out of the NATO meeting, which was covered by the worldwide media, further publicizing the Armenian Genocide. This incident caused some hateful Turks to threaten the life of the French parliamentarian, which further disseminated the true facts of the Armenian Genocide. Another example of Turkish selfconsciousness is the article by commentator Ozan Ceyhun in the Daily Sabah newspaper. He correctly wrote that April 24 is used as a day for getting even, by those who do not
wish to see Turkey as an EU member due to various reasons, those who do not wish to see it become stronger in the region, or countries like the U.S. that want to see Turkey as a dependent state. My response is that no one wants to see a brutal and unrepentant country as a member of international military and economic alliances. Turkish leaders are the ones forcing themselves out of such alliances by behaving in an uncivilized and undemocratic manner. They have no one else to blame but themselves! Ceyhun wonders why no one cares about the opinions of Armenians living in Turkey. The answer is very simple. Armenians in Turkey, having survived the Genocide and many other repressions since then, know all too well that if they dared to say anything negative about Turkey s oppressive regime, they will be locked up, if not killed! The Turkish commentator then shamelessly mentions Armenian journalist Hrant Dink who was assassinated by a Turk for expressing himself on Turkish-Armenian relations. Ceyhun selectively quotes from Dink as stating that outsiders should not meddle in the events that happened in the past and that this issue should be resolved between Armenians and Turks. Dink had made many statements which were often contradictory depending on whether he made them while he was inside or outside Turkey. It suits Turkish denialists to quote statements that third parties should not meddle in the Armenian-Turkish issue. If it were not for the Armenian Diaspora lobbying the
Harut Sasounian
international community for decades, the Armenian Genocide would have been forgotten long ago. Furthermore, Ceyhun prefers that outsiders listen to the views of Turkish Armenians who are suppressed and are unable to express their honest opinions on the Armenian Genocide. As immediate descendants of the Genocide, they know exactly what happened to their ancestors, but they cannot talk about it openly, fearing for their lives. Just as irritating are the Azerbaijani denials of the Armenian Genocide. Fortunately, it is easier to deal with the Azeris as they are not as powerful as Turkey and Armenians have already shown their power by recovering their historic territory of Artsakh from Azerbaijan. If Azeris do not behave and continue to insult Armenians by their denials of the Armenian Genocide, Armenia s leaders may halt the negotiations with Azerbaijan and incorporate Artsakh in the Republic of Armenia!
Turks Commemorate Armenian Genocide Despite Taboos By: Ayla Jean Yackley Rights campaigners stage a remembrance walk in central Istanbul on April 24 after police barred their commemoration of the World War I-era genocide of Armenians. Lawmaker Garo Paylan (foreground), who is of Armenian descent, has submitted motions to parliament seeking recognition of the genocide. (All photos Ayla Jean Yackley) Hundreds of Turkish activists marked the anniversary of the Armenian genocide on April 24 under a heavy police presence and despite a counterdemonstration as authorities step up restrictions on commemorating the centuryold killings. In recent years, grassroots events have sprouted in Istanbul and a few other Turkish cities to memorialize the killing of as many as 1.5 million Armenians during World War I by Ottoman Turkish forces. Even President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has expressed his condolences over the loss of life every April 24 since 2014, though he has stopped short of recognizing the massacres as a genocide. About 250 campaigners staged a vigil on the side of busy road, forced to regroup a few kilometers from Istanbul s central Taksim Square where they had gathered for a moment of silence in years past. Organizers were careful to avoid using the word genocide, holding a sign that said they were remembering those who had been lost. Nearby, a few dozen nationalists accused them of propagating an imperialist lie, a witness said. Earlier in the day, police stopped several dozen human rights defenders and lawmakers from Turkey and Europe from reading a statement outside a former prison in the central Sultanahmet Square, citing a ban on their event by the Istanbul governor. Last year the event had been allowed, though police intervened and detained attendees for using the word genocide. The site, which is today an Islamic art museum, is where a group of 235 prominent Armenian figures were rounded up on April
Turkish MP Garo Paylan speaks to the crowd gathered to mark the Genocide in Istanbul, April 24.(All (photo: Ayla Jean Yackley)
24, 1915, before their deportation to Ottoman hinterlands where most died. The event is widely considered the start of the genocide. This year, the protesters attempted a silent remembrance walk as police forced them to leave the area. They read their statement at a rights association s office while riot police stood guard outside. For his part, Erdogan sent a letter to the Armenian patriarch of Istanbul, saying: I remember the Ottoman Armenians who lost their lives during the difficult conditions of World War I, and I express my sincere condolences to their grandchildren. But earlier in the day he railed against foreign governments that describe the events as a genocide, saying those countries themselves had committed atrocities and that Turkey s archives show it has nothing to hide. Deportations are one thing, massacres are another. Who are you trying to fool? he said in a speech referring to the expulsion of Armenians that led to many of their deaths. The change in Erdogan s tenor and the partial ban on commemorations reveals how uneven Turkey s reconciliation with its darkest chapter remains. Turkey argues that both Turks and Armenians died during the turmoil of war and the collapse of the multicultural
Ottoman Empire, from which the modern republic was forged. It also reflects a tide of nationalism in Turkey, especially since a divisive election last month in which the president accused the opposition of aiding terrorists for reaching out to Kurdish voters, and a broader clampdown on freedom of expression as Erdogan has consolidated power and crippled civil society following a 2016 failed coup attempt. The constraints are the result of the current political climate and rising nationalism. It appears the government has lost its will to resolve the Armenian issue, that it has reverted to its former position, Garo Paylan, a TurkishArmenian lawmaker from an opposition party, said in an interview. The refusal to grant Kurds demands, the erosion of the rule of law, detentions of peace activists, the inability to reconcile with the Armenian genocide and our other democratic problems are all connected. Every crime that goes unpunished will be repeated, he said. Paylan has faced criminal complaints for previous efforts to force Turkey to recognize the genocide. This week, he submitted another motion to parliament calling for an investigation
into the fate of the intellectuals who were detained in 1915, a search for their remains and for their burial. His motion was unlikely to be accepted by parliament, which is dominated by Erdogan s party and its partners, the far-right Nationalist Action Party. Turkey is also fending off efforts by foreign governments to recognize the massacres as genocides. The U.S. Congress is considering a bill affirming the United States record on the Armenian Genocide, introduced earlier this month. To date, the United States has refused to recognize the events as genocide, thanks to its close military and diplomatic ties with NATO member Turkey. But the relationship has soured in recent years over disputes with Washington on weapons sales, Syria policy and Turkey s detention of U.S. citizens. Other countries are increasingly responding to Armenian calls for recognition in what they say was the 20th century s first genocide. Italian lawmakers this month passed a motion to officially recognize the genocide. And France this year declared April 24 an official national day to mourn the victims of the genocide. On Wednesday, Erdogan blasted France for trying to teach us a lesson when it had yet to confront its own culpability in the 1994 Rwanda genocide and a bloody crackdown on pro-independence Algerians in 1961. Turkey plays an important role on the world stage [but] it has to conform to international standards in terms of human rights, said Mireille Clapot, the vice president of the French parliament s foreign affairs commission. You cannot deny the facts, and one day the Armenian genocide will be recognized. Most scholars and 30 countries have concluded that the massacres of Armenians beginning in 1915 were a systematic genocide perpetrated by state officials, wiping out a millennia-old civilization in Turkish lands. Today, just 60,000 Armenians live in Turkey, a country of 80 million people. Ayla Jean Yackley is a journalist based in Istanbul.
24
VARIETY
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
Redefining Education In The Global Age A Lecture At AGBU Toronto
Vanity... My Old NEMESIS By: Talyn Terzian-Gilmour What have you done in the name of vanity? How much has it cost you? Has it been sustainable or like everything touched by time, fleeting? The price of vanity is steep, its currency is an emotional one, and I ve paid and paid and paid and still continue to pay! Will I never learn? My most recent attempt at bettering myself started in anticipation of a trip to Paradise and after I realized that I had quietly put on a few (ok, several) extra pounds thanks to my winter hibernation. While feeling a bit down that I hadn t been able to get bikini-body-ready for my trip, I was quite satisfied that at least I was going to be somewhat comfortable in my track pants on the flight over. Only, I decided I looked too scruffy so vanity struck and I chose a different pair of pants which essentially cut what little blood circulation I had above my waist to virtually nothing, and left me freezing cold the entire 15 hours of my trip. Upon arrival, I forgot about my extra baggage and made sure to take in the beautiful sunshine and indulge in every kind of coconut and sugary dessert I could find. I staged a strike against my vanity instead, I focused on my indulgences and gave into every, last decadent desire. Which meant that upon my return, my already too-tight pants had become even tighter. As an aside, similar to my vanity quest, not fitting into pants at the end of a trip seems to be a recurring theme (nightmare) for me. The first time I ever went to Hawaii was for my honeymoon. Then, I took all of my cues from Mr. Niceguy who d travelled there once before, and only packed one pair of pants. Like most, the stress of the wedding meant that I had dropped well below my normal weight. After two weeks of lounging on the beach, my body (more than) bounced back and when it came time to go home, I could not zip up my one and only pair of pants and with tears stinging the corners of my eyes, I prayed that airport security would not ask me to lift my shirt to check if I might set off any alarms As it happens, following my Spring Break Mania trip, I fell into the vanity trap once again While visiting a friend, I also saw her husband when he walked into the room with a definite glow. I was told that he had just completed a five-day, juice detox that he ordered off the internet which left him lighter and feeling great! The writing should have been on the wall but vanity will cloud this girl s judgement each and every time. You know I tried it. My juices arrived and on day 1 of my five-day detox I started off my day with a green juice that had a cute, catchy, empowering name only it tasted positively foreign. By the afternoon, I really started to miss solid food but my friend
boosted my morale and reminded me of my genetic resilience thanks to my Armenian heritage and I powered through a juice that s as black as ink thanks to its two main ingredients: maple syrup and charcoal CHARCOAL! This stuff didn t taste right and I m quite sure no human is supposed to have this concoction how would I get through FOUR AND A HALF MORE DAYS OF THIS STUFF?! Within a couple of hours, I was no longer thinking OR seeing clearly. While these juices were ridding my body of toxins, they were also wreaking havoc on my eyesight and my head! I could barely read it was as if my eyes were permanently crossed and had coke bottle bottoms taped onto them. And, OH MY HEAD I felt like my brain was going to break open and ooze out of my forehead onto my keyboard at work. I really don t know how I made it home after that blank ink juice. Somehow, I managed to pick up my kids and get them home, do homework, feed them dinner and guzzle down the next 300 ml of lime green juice packed with everything you might find in a meadow or living on some ocean floor. My boys were witnessing their mother brave through a juice detox program with the same voracity as a tiger chasing its prey only, the grimace on my face and the fact that I was pinching my nose and trying to suck this horrible green goo through a straw led the 9 year old to shout, Come on mommy! Just chug it! And chug it I tried Well, it was just too much. Too much for my head, too much for my eyes and too much for my stomach! Within minutes my stomach had ballooned out to look like I was five months pregnant. Minutes later, I felt weak, like I could no longer stand. I excused myself, using every last ounce of strength to scream, I ll be right back! and No one come upstairs!! and within seconds was hurling a microbiome of green goodness. Sadly, this process went on for the better part of an hour and ended with me passed out, in bed, at 7:30pm, only to wake sometime past midnight and do a quick check that all was still ok, doors were locked and children were tucked safely into bed because on top of it all, it was Mr. Niceguy s night away. When I investigated as to why this cleanse had been so disagreeable, I was told, well, it must be you and this rarely ever happens! The operative word here is rarely Well universe, I hear you loud and clear. I will recover and I m fine just the way I am. Besides, these 10 lbs look good on me and once the weather warms up, they ll simply melt away. Or maybe I can try that new
ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ ºñ¿óÝ»ñáõ ÀÝÏ»ñ³ÏóáõÃÇÝÁ Ïáã Ï°áõÕÕ¿ ·³ÕáõÃÇë »ñ¿ó ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñáõÝ Ù³ë ϳ½Ù»Éáõ ÀÝÏ»ñ³Ïóáõû³Ý »õ í³Û»É»Éáõ Ùï»ñÙÇÏ ÙÃÝáÉáñï
³Ù¿Ý »ñ»ùß³µÃÇ ³é. ųÙÁ 9:00¿Ý ÙÇÝã»õ Ï». ųÙÁ 2:00Á ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝ¿Ý Ý»ñë£
Yervant Zorian during his talk on AGBU s educational programs, April 9, Toronto.
By: Talyn Terzian Gilmour On April 9, AGBU Central Board Members Lena Sarkissian and Yervant Zorian gave a presentation on AGBU s new and exciting educational programs entitled Redefining Education in the Global Age . AGBU has always been a major force in education in the Armenian reality, said Lena Sarkissian. From the early 1900 s, the educational goals of AGBU have been about building (individual) prosperity while building identity which converts into building communities, she added. AGBU has had a long-standing association with schools and programs providing the traditional brick-and-mortar style of quality education and cultural enrichment opportunities; its efforts have helped to promote the Armenian heritage and support the Armenian identity for many generations. However, during the past two decades, AGBU has evolved to provide its programs on a much more modern platform which not only allows for greater depth and breadth in education, but also to disseminate the materials much farther and wider than was possible from a traditional structure. AGBU s roster of innovative programs aims to address the global realities of the 21st century and the needs of our growing communities both in the diaspora and in Armenia. Understanding that how we learn is just as important as what we learn, AGBU s educational platform has integrated technology into its teaching methodologies allowing education to change and update as fast as the world around us. Keeping up with these changes means that AGBU is able to offer exciting and innovative new experiences while still embracing the organization s mission. Perhaps one of its leading programs, as outlined by Dr. Yervant Zorian, is the Armenian Virtual College (AVC). AVC provides e-learners around the world with the opportunity to obtain Armenian education regardless of their age, country of residence, or knowledge level. In fact, as AVC s founding president Dr. Zorian pointed out, one needs only to have the desire to learn as the program is offered in multiple languages of instruction including French, Russian, English and Spanish. Benefits of AVC include membership in a virtual learning community and the provision of a global space for cultural, educational and social ties. Another innovation discussed during the presentation is AGBU Atlas a virtual global access point which will deliver a collection of innovative multimedia education tools to foster and promote the learning of Armenian language, history, and culture. AGBU Atlas will be a virtual learning hub or electronic learning resource platform for disseminating
information and promoting Armenian heritage to Armenians and non-Armenians around the world with content geared towards students, teachers, academicians, business professionals, and life-long learners. The AGBU Central Board s latest initiative involves a new partnership program being developed with Armenia s TUMO Center for Creative Technologies for diaspora youth which is anticipated to launch sometime in 2020. The goal of the partnership is to create a unique educational experience integrating a custom blend of technology, design and Armenian content delivered through an afterschool or one-day program for school aged children and teenagers. The program will allow participants to connect with other Armenians and develop their sense of Armenian identity, all while utilizing engaging inquiry-based projects to develop technological and creative skills as well as Armenian language skills and experiences. Both Sarkissian and Zorian emphasized that in today s world, education is being tailored for the individual: what they want to learn, how they want to learn, where they want to learn and when they want to learn. Above all, that the experience of education is just as important as the material. When coupled with AGBU s mission to uphold Armenian heritage through education, by using multiple approaches and platforms such as apps, eBooks, web videos, travel tools and more, AGBU can offer the learner a much more tailored and customized product to Do Armenian resulting in a more meaningful learning experience to Be Armenian . In addition to the Armenian Virtual College (AVC) program, some of AGBU s innovative virtual Armenian learning opportunities include: AGBU WebTalks, an online video series featuring the insights of leading scholars and artists on a wide range of Armenian topics; the Armenian Holidays & Traditions app which allow users to access recipes and learn about the expressions and conventions relating to popular Armenian holidays; and for children, the Im Armenia travel app which takes them on an exciting adventure to Yerevan and beyond, and the Gus on the Go: Armenian for Kids language app. The delivery of personalized education and the need for lifelong education has become a reality, Sarkissian said, we have to define what is an Armenian identity is fluid and consists of multiple features, and to be Armenian, one needs to do Armenian. [AGBU] wants to develop educational experiences that provide personal growth, are meaningful and enjoyable, and transformative on the individual level as well as the community.
ARMENIAN GENOCIDE
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
25
Canadians, Armenians, And World War I By: Dr. Isabel Kaprielian-Churchill In this brief essay, I would like to juxtapose two important historical events: World War I and the creation of the Armenian Republic, while highlighting the relationship between Canadians and Armenians. World War I was a muddy hell of trenches, poison gas, U-boat attacks, of the sacrifice of hundreds of thousands of young lives, and the deportation and massacre of civilian populations. Canadians fought gallantly in that bloody conflict, notably at Vimy Ridge in 1917. Starting in August of the following year, the Canadian Expeditionary Force spearheaded the Allied offensive that ultimately ended on Nov. 11, 1918. This period is known as Canada s One Hundred Days. Approximately 620,000 Canadian men and women enlisted in the war. About 420,000 went overseas and almost 60,000 perished. This is a significant percentage of a population that numbered only 8,000,000 in 1916. For Canadians, the war ushered in a period of maturity in military, political, and diplomatic arenas both during and after hostilities. In 2018, we commemorated the 100th anniversary of the end of WWI, of Canada s vital role in that conflict, and of Canada s stand on the international scene. The Great War profoundly transformed the world. In the wake of the war, dynasties crumbled, like the Romanovs in Russia and the Hapsburgs in Austria. Empires, too, collapsed, like the German and Ottoman empires. In their place, new countries or mandated territories emerged: Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and the Republic of Armenia. A few years ago, we commemorated the 100th anniversary of the creation of the Armenian republic, which was, as former Ambassador Marderosian has stated, really the rebirth of Armenian sovereignty. In 2018, then, we remembered two critically significant historical events: the end of the war and Canada s participation in it, and the birth or rebirth of a new Armenia. Although Canadians and Armenians were worlds away, a bond existed between these two peoples. Let me briefly mention three areas of this surprisingly strong relationship. 1.RELIGION: The Anglican and Armenian churches have a close theological connection. When Armenian immigrants settled in Canada, they attended Anglican churches for their spiritual life and their rites of passage. For example, Holy Trinity Church in Toronto, Grace Anglican in Brantford, and St. Philip s in Hamilton. Equally impressive, Canadian Protestant missionaries largely Presbyterian, Congregationalist, and Methodist -worked among the Armenians in the Ottoman empire. Historian Daniel Ohanian has listed just under 70 Canadians stationed in the Ottoman empire before 1914, most of them associated with the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM). One of the most distinguished missionary families from Canada and the United
State was the Chambers family from the Woodstock area in Ontario. One sometimes wonders why Protestant missionaries were evangelizing among Armenians, who were the first people to adopt Christianity as a state religion and who stood as one of the bastions of Eastern Christendom. Protestant missionaries did, indeed, proselytize among Armenian Apostolic Christians. They were also inspired by the Social Gospel to build schools and colleges, clinics and hospitals. 2. PHILANTHROPY. Following the Armistice in 1918, western countries, especially the United States, launched rescue and rehabilitation measures to aid the Armenian survivors of the Genocide. Canadians participated wholeheartedly in this international movement. In 1920, for example, Canadians raised a vast sum, almost $300,000 for Armenian refugees abroad. Some of these funds were used to refurbish a Greek hospital in Constantinople as a children s tuberculosis hospital. Canadian relief volunteers joined missionary personnel and Near East Relief workers in the Middle East, the Caucasus, and Greece to aid the refugees. Women like registered nurses, Emma Wood of Sarnia, Ontario, and Sara Corning of Nova Scotia served in orphanages, hospitals, and refugee camps. Probably the most innovative rescue operation was the initiative of the Armenian Relief Association of Canada. Linked to the London Lord Mayor s Fund, the Association brought in 109 orphan boys to settle on a farm/home near Georgetown, Ontario, paid mainly through public subscription by Canadians. The Association and its successor, the United Church, also sponsored the entry of 38 girls and young women to work as domestics in southern Ontario, mostly in Toronto. In addition to the religious and the philanthropic connections, let us now move on to the military relationship. 3. MILITARY When Britain declared war on Germany on August 4, 1914, Canada immediately offered to raise an army of 20,000 men. Mobilization started on August 8 and by September 4, approximately 32,000 Canadian men had assembled at the military camp at Valcartier, Quebec. Among these early recruits were at least two Armenian immigrants, Bagharsak [Vagharshag] Baronian, 31 and Ohanas [Ohannes} Vartanian, 21. A few weeks later, this vanguard of Canadian forces sailed for England for further training. Baronian and Vartanian were part of the First Canadian Division, the 48th Highlanders, which joined the British First Army under the command of the British General, Sir Douglas Haig. Four Canadian Divisions eventually made up the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF), also known as the Canadian Corps. It would take another three years before Canadian troops fell under the command of a Canadian - General Sir Arthur Currie. Vartanian, the 21 year-old, was severely wounded on March 8, 1915 and died a month later, one of the first casualties of the CEF. Baronian
A group of Georgetown Boys: Photograph by Aris Alexanian taken while he worked (1923-1927) as assistant superintendent at Cedarvale Farm and school for orphaned boys from the Armenian Genocide. The farm was located near Georgetown, Ontario.
was killed in action on June 17, 1915. The following year, a 17 yearold Armenian, an immigrant from the region of Keghi, enlisted in the CEF. Being underage, he was withdrawn by his parents. As soon as he turned 18, Samuel Chichegian of Brantford, Ontario re-enlisted. After training in Hamilton as a machine gunner, he sailed for England in December, 1917. In his letters to his mother - all in 1918 - Sammy writes: England is a great country but everything is twice as high as it is in Canada. England is feeling the war all right, while Canada is just realizing there is a war on They have air-raids here quite often. We had two this week but the planes were brought down ... The war may be over by June. Sammy wanted to ensure that his mother was receiving his pay and that her parcels to him arrived intact: Have you received the money for January and February yet? I haven t received the box yet, most of them get stolen or half emptied before they reach us, what was in it? (Kent, Feb. 6, 1918). Still in England, Sammy wrote: I suppose they re starting to give out food cards [in Canada] too, but don t kick [complain], because the only people who get enough to eat are the soldiers, you can thank your lucky stars the family is not in England. I hope everybody is all right at home and working. (Kent, Feb. 10, 1918) Sometime in 1918, he was transferred to France where he wrote that The weather is jake [fine] at present, only too warm The French people are very kind as we often are invited in some farms for a feed and leave with a couple of chickens so you see we have nothing to kick about (France, 1918). Sammy tried to reassure his mother, for she was desperate to have him returned to Canada. I know you must feel worried mother, but there is no use trying to get me to quit when I ve come so far. I m trying to do my share. (Somewhere in France, sometime in 1918) Young Sammy gave more than his share. He was killed in action in France on September 2, 1918, two months before the Armistice and during the crucial period of Canada s 100 Days when Canadian troops led the Allied offensive that brought an end to the war. Samuel Chichegian was the youngest person from Brantford to
volunteer and die in the Great War and, like many other Armenian immigrants, he gave his life for his new homeland. In 1916,- the same year that Sammy enlisted - twenty-seven-year old Siragan Siroonian, also from Keghi, volunteered for the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF). For his bravery during the capture of Parvillers on August 14, 1918, Siroonian was awarded the Military Medal and was praised as an inspiration to all ranks. This young Armenian did not escape unscathed. He was the victim of a gas attack. Like many casualties of this dreaded poison, he died young, after years of suffering. It is tragically ironic that at the same time that men like Baronian, Vartanian, Chichegian, and Siroonian were fighting and dying in France and Belgium, their relatives in Turkey were being deported, robbed, and massacred. The German gas attack at Ypres, in Belgium, where 6,000 Canadians were killed, wounded, or missing, started on April 22, 1915. Two days later, on April 24, 1915, under cover of war, Turkish authorities began the wholesale arrest and murder of Armenian leaders and intellectuals. War and Genocide. The Armenian Genocide (19151923) and the tragedy of the Armenian people were well-known throughout Canada. Less publicized was the contribution of Armenians to the Canadian forces. The fledgling Armenian community in Canada provided the war effort with an astonishingly high percentage of recruits. In 1914, at the outbreak of war, approximately 1,500 Armenians had immigrated to Canada. Some had returned to the old country and some had moved to the United States. Of those who remained in Canada I guestimate that about 1,000 were men eligible for military duty. The records of the CEF yield approximately 150 names of Armenian soldiers, revealing about a 15% enlistment rate a very high proportion for any ethnic group in Canada, taken on a per capita basis. Of these 150 men, a sample of 37 files, was selected randomly. My son, author and musician, Albert Kaprielian and I examined these detailed and illuminating records. I would like to mention just three of our findings: 1. All Armenian soldiers were
immigrants and I doubt if any were Canadian citizens at the time of enlistment. 2.Most of the recruits came from the region of Keghi in the province of Erzeroum, reflecting the origin of the majority of Armenian immigrants in Canada at the time. 3.Another noteworthy characteristic was the high proportion of volunteers. Of the thirty-seven we examined, thirty-one had volunteered and all were sent overseas. Only six were drafted, after Canada started conscription in 1917. While most Armenian Canadians engaged in the war, enlisted in the CEF, a much smaller contingent volunteered for the Eastern front. After initial training in the United States, they were shipped to Murmansk in Russia and from there, transported to the Caucasus, to join Armenian regiments fighting to liberate their ancient homeland. On May 28, 1918, Armenians everywhere celebrated the resurrection of a long hoped-for independent and free state. Five months later they hailed the Armistice and the hope of world peace. That republic collapsed in the face of overwhelming odds. But today, as we approach May 28, we remember the heroism and commitment of our ancestors who fought for freedom in Flanders Fields and on the plains of Sardarabad. A new Armenian Republic and a sister Artsakh have been created from the ashes of the Soviet Union. We salute this new Armenia, revitalized and supported by Armenian Canadians and a vast diaspora around the world.
TO ADVERTISE IN CANADA s ONLY ARMENIAN MONTHLY NEWSPAPER CALL 416-878-0746
26
ART and CULTURE
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
Interview With Visual Artist Matilda Aslizadeh Exploring The Nature Of Perception Through Mixed Media
Matilda Aslizadeh is a visual artist based i n Va n c o u v e r, B r i t i s h C o l u m b i a . Throughout her career, she has developed a dense visual language, utilizing multiple media forms. Matilda uses her art to challenge and reexamine dominant narrative structures that persist within Western culture. Her most recent work, RESORT, navigates the relationships between land and capital. Interview conducted by Varak Babian Q- Fledgling buds of ideas can sometimes blossom and mature into something completely different than the initial concept they started as. Is there a conscious choice made between harnessing these shifts or just letting them go wild and going along with the ride? A- I spend a lot of time thinking about my projects, choosing which ideas to actually execute, and planning the production. Once I begin in earnest, it rarely turns out to be radically different than what I envisioned. I think that puts me on the side of harnessing the shifts as opposed to going along for the ride. Q- Being a visual artist that uses multiple media forms, I wonder if you ve always felt a sense of comfort with having a variety of avenues to share your viewpoint, or if that is something that you grew to use, as it better suited your developing perspective. A- I am certainly more comfortable using some media as opposed to others, but in general this sense of ease with multiple media is a product of how artists have been educated in Europe and North America for at least the past 50 years: there is an emphasis on concept over craft. In other words, the idea arrives first and then is developed in the medium/media deemed most appropriate to communicate it. This approach is very different to the traditional approach of learning the ins and outs of a particular material practice like painting. Q- Does being involved in projects like designing the Armenian genocide memorial in Vancouver provide you with a distinct form of fulfilment? A- Yes, absolutely. Being an artist or academic has historically been quite a solitary job, though this has shifted in recent years, and many contemporary artists actually include collaborating with communities of various types in the fabric of all their projects. I always like to be engaged in some creative practice that is community-centred in addition to my own independent projects. In addition to the Genocide memorial project, I also served for many years on the Board of Directors for VIVO, an artist-run media centre in Vancouver
and I m currently a part of a collective of artist mothers -called art/mamas - working to support each other and raise awareness of the difficulty of participating in art world networks as a mother.
both at once and will usually teach during the academic year and make most of my own work during the summer. However, the relationship between teaching and making can turn into a virtuous circle in the best of times: for example, my own research can push me towards developing an assignment for students and then the way that assignment is approached by students can give me ideas to take back to my research. I mostly teach 1st year University students so I really only see them at the beginning of their journey, and I spend that first year throwing ideas and processes at them. To return to my earlier comment on art education, now there is a greater emphasis on interdisciplinarity and the idea of generating ideas through combining different mediums- I feel very at home in this context.
Q- Once upon a time, aspiring photographers would press down on the shutter conservatively; conscious of the attention and commitment, the literal time in the dark, developing each image required. Today s impressive digital arsenal has completely changed this form of expression; much more accessible, but perhaps less contemplative. Which side of the coin do you find yourself? A- I am old enough to have lived through transformation from film to digital photography and there was certainly something very meditative about working in the darkroom with your hands so to speak. But in general I think the state of contemplation that you Q- Without oversimplifying, your latest work
A scene from Resort Installation, 2016.
describe has less to do with the particular technology and more to do with the sense of craft that I mentioned earlier. Despite the emphasis on ideas that has been prevalent, I do think it is the sense of craft or deep engagement with materials (whatever they may be) that produces a contemplative state and a pleasure in making that is so important. So I suppose I find myself using the digital in a mode more characteristic of the analogue. My computer transforms itself into a metaphoric darkroom when I begin to assemble and edit all my imagery it and I do think of this process as the closest I get to craft . Q- Some of the courses you have taught at the post-secondary level include digital media and critical theory. What distinction or challenges do you find between creating yourself, and engaging with the entire artistic process and teaching others to create or guiding them through their own artistic journey? A- It is indeed a tricky thing to balance teaching with making. In terms of time, I can rarely do
Visual artist Matilda Aslizadeh
we are able to access Armenia, and especially Yerevan, as a tourist destination. Tying into the themes you discuss in RESORT how do you feel about this commercialized, tailored and sanitized experience of the homeland so many have every July and August. A- This is a wonderful question but one I can t directly address since I have yet to go. I can only imagine that the situation is parallel to other hubs of tourism. Often people refer to these tourist spaces as unreal or fake in relation to the real spaces that most tourists do not explore. For example, one might say that tourists do not experience the real Armenia. I think this opposition between real and unreal is misleading since the tourist industry itself is very real, and has a material impact on everyday lives of Armenian citizens, for better or worse. Also interesting is how that industry reflects back upon us the narrative we want, like a mirror image. To answer your question (finally), I feel that this commercialized and sanitized version of Armenia is probably an integral part of a far more complex society deals with a fictionalized narrative set on an and I guess it is up to the individual if they isolated tourist resort. One of the objectives want to recognize and acknowledge that of RESORT is to ponder the price of an complexity. exclusionary paradise. How much, if any, of your own story telling approach comes from Q- A sense of vigilante justice has been quite being born Armenian: a tribe of people with present in our collective Armenian narrative; their own complex relationship with land and experiencing the most extreme violence and countering it with our own tailored brand of it. the concept of belonging. A- I think my background certainly influences Can you comment on the feeling of both being my approach. In essence, Resort is a critique completely victimized by this violence but also of the concept of ideal spaces (Paradise, being somewhat prideful when it has a positive Utopia, gated communities etc.) and an impact on our collective psyche. assertion that this idealization of abstract A- I think that while there can be collective space inevitably produces violence. Armenian narratives, they are rarely homogenous. When history, in relation to land and territory, can be I look at the narrative of the Armenian viewed through the lens of being enmeshed Genocide and its aftermath, I see it less as a in other cultures narratives of what an ideal cycle of complete victimization followed by space is, who it includes and excludes, and individual acts of heroic justice in retribution, how those that remain inside have to behave. and more as a series of small, persistent The latter dynamic is very similar to the colonial gestures of resiliency by members of a one which I explicitly reference in Resort. community that built itself back up through everyday acts of existing in the world despite Q- One major factor of a modern Armenian, violence. The latter narrative is what makes disaporan identity is the great ease at which me proud.
Your Most Reliable Transportation Partner To/From Armenia & Worldwide · Ocean, Air & Land
·
METRAS SHIPPING & FORWARDING INC.
2175 Sheppard Ave. E. Suite 215 Toronto ON, M2J 1W8
Tel.: 416-497-0377 Fax: 416-497-0783 info@metrasshipping.com www.metrasshipping.com
Ara Graphics
· · · ·
Int'l Transportation Door to Door Services Available 20', 40', LCL and Break-Bulk Insurance Coverage Export Documentation, Letters of Credit Handling and Banking Negotiations Dedicated Agency Network Worldwide
ART and CULTURE
The Newest Adaptation Of The Cherry Orchard Wraps Up In Toronto s Crows Theatre
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
27
Narine Arakelian will Headline Armenia Pavilion at Venice Biennale
Artist Narine Arakelian
By: Varak Babian Chekhov s last play, The Cherry Orchard, written in 1903, just one year before his death, is considered his final masterpiece. Like so many of his contemporaries, and many of our own Armenian intellectuals, his death was tragically brought upon by tuberculosis, bringing a halt to both his time on earth as well as the potential contributions he still had to make to the literary canon. The melancholy nature of his demise seems to add a somber tint to what has long been considered by most, to be one of the most significant classical works of 20th century theatre. Chekhov himself described The Cherry Orchard as a comedy, believing that it reflected the absurd and ridiculous aspects of the human experience in its portrayal of a Russian aristocrat and matriarch returning home after many years abroad, faced with mounting debt and being forced to contemplate the reality of losing the family estate- including an impressive cherry orchard. Arsinee Khanjian stars as the matriarch, Lyobov, in the Modern Times and Crow Theatre Company s minimalist adaptation of the Chekhov classic, which recently wrapped up a successful multi-week run at the Streetcar Crowsnest Theatre, located in Toronto s east end. Khanjian stars alongside Cliff Saunders,
playing the role of sibling Leonid Gayev, as a pair of fading aristocrats, without much business acumen. Throughout the piece, they struggle to find an alternative to auctioning off the estate and are forced to deal with transitioning out of their privileged lot in life. Modern Times and Crow Theatre Company delivered an austere version of the piece, with director Soheil Parsa staging the lush estate and abundant orchards on a simple black set with little to no furniture. The sound designer, Thomas Payne, amplified the expansive mass of the stage with an assortment of foot steps, shutting drawers and more: always in the background, impactful but not overwhelming. All of these creative choices force both the writing and performances into the spotlight, and luckilyboth truly delivered. Lead actors delivered powerful and moving performances, shuttling their audience between peals of laughter and teary eyes with relative ease. This adaption of The Cherry Orchard thrives by focusing on the meaningful, definitive performances. The surveying of human principles in the text itself, with its themes of cultural futility and the effect social changes has on people, has continued to remain relevant and invoke familiarity more than a hundred years after it was written. That part, I enjoyed the most.
Varak s Crescent Moment Written by: Misak Metsarents Translated by: Varak Babian A soft rustling of foliage, then the scent of May s lily And the book that slowly sways, drops from my grasp The elegant woman from dreams saunters by, While my spirit s pond wrinkles, delicately. And my spirit s pond wrinkles, delicately As a wave rushes ahead with outstretched arm, With golden grains of sand, reaching the shore of my desire. Oh the sweetness of her gaze and bloom Oh her elegant manner; woven with threads of pride. Along the path, roses trace her departed footsteps, Where it wanders still- with ease, my lonely My heart, a flame; in its twilight without a trace *Translated from the original, Misak Metsarents §ì³ñÏ»³Ý¦
is nothing left. Narine Arakelian has also been selected to launch the official opening of the Armenian Pavilion at the 58th Venice Biennale. On May 9, Narine will give a one-time-only performance of her performance work titled Revolutionary Sensorium, curated by Susanna Gyulamiryan. The piece is an exploration of the revolutionary events of the Velvet Revolution that took place in Armenia in spring 2018 uniting civilians through their slogan of solidarity and love. Internationally recognized as a multisensual contemporary artist, at the 57th Venice Biennale in 2017, Narine was invited to exhibit her large-scale installation, L Illusion du Marriage inside Venice s historic building the Scuola Grande di San Rocco home of the Tintoretto masterpieces. The piece combined installation with contemporary performances across the city, with a finale at the magnificent Scuola Grande di San Giovanni Evangelista. Narine Arakelian is an internationally recognized Armenian artist. Most recently she exhibited at the Manifesta 12 (2018), the Museum of Moscow (2018), and in 2017 Narine brought to the 57th Venice Biennale her large-scale creation, «L Illusion du Marriage» which was exhibited as part of the Armenian Pavilion s official program. She also regularly presents independent exhibitions and performances in Moscow, New York and Venice. Narine Arakelian is a full member of the Russian Union of Artists. Born in Siberia and graduated from the Painting Department at the celebrated State Surikov Institute, Moscow in 2015 where studied under the mastership of Aidan Salakhova, Sergey Ossovsky, Yuri Shishkov. After graduating Surikov s Institute Narine received an internship at the Digital Arts Department in Los Angeles Academy of Fine Arts in 2015/2016.
Dr. Raffi Aynaciyan braces for children and adults
D.D.S., M.Cl.D., F.R.C.D.(C)
Orthodontist Richmond Hill (Hillcrest Mall): 9350 Yonge Street, Suite 216 905-884-4161 North York: 3333 Bayview Avenue, Suite 203 416-221-0660 Downtown Toronto: 11 King Street West, Suite C115 416-363-3018
Ara Graphics
ArsineeKhanjian and Cliff Saunders starring in Chekhov s The Cherry Orchard directed by Soheil Parsa. (Photo by John Lauener).
This May, the world renowned Armenian contemporary artist, Narine Arakelian, will headline the Armenia Pavilion for the 58th Venice Biennale and launch a striking new exhibition. The exhibition, titled The Pharos Flower, will be displayed at the Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo, one of Venice s most iconic landmarks. The Pharos Flower is part of the City Of Venice s official program of events for the 58th Biennale, marking the second time that Narine has appeared at the Biennale and follows her critically acclaimed installation at Manifesta 12, 2018. Curated by Pier Paolo Scelsi (ITA), The Pharos Flower exhibition and installation will see Narine transform the iconic 15th century spiral staircase of the Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo into a striking multi-colored lighthouse. The Pharos Lighthouse will project colorful rays of light from the top floor of the Scala, creating a spectacular light installation that will be visible across the city s iconic skyline. The installation aims to play on our idea of perception and time with the Lighthouse becoming a singular moment linking the past, present and future. The exhibition will continue inside the Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo where Narine will present a series of her distinctive colored fabrics and multicolored glass pieces, crafted at the famous Studio Abate Zanetti on the island of Murano in Venice. Narine will also create an installation and performance around Tintoretto s gargantuan painting Bozzetto del Paradiso continuing the juxtaposition of ancient and contemporary art that runs throughout the exhibition. As part of the exhibition Narine will give a performance of The Bloom, a performance work that will see her transform into a symbol of an ancient marble statue. During the performance Narine will pass through the exhibition rooms discarding elements of her costume until there
28
ART and CULTURE
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
Unveiling Sara Corning Statue And Other Events In September In Yarmouth, Nova Scotia Yarmouth County s Sara Corning will be focus of activities that will take place Sept. 13-15 in Yarmouth, including the unveiling of a statue of Corning, writes Eric Bourque on Yarmouth County Vanguard website. A weekend of activities honouring Yarmouth County native Sara Corning is planned for mid-September, including the unveiling of a bronze statue of Corning, which will be located at what was once the site of Zion Baptist Church on Parade Street. The unveiling ceremony is scheduled for Saturday, Sept. 14, and it will be part of a weekend that will include a play about Corning to be presented at Th YARC. Also in the works is a Saturday-evening dinner at the Rodd Grand Hotel. Corning (1872-1969), who was a nurse, is regarded as a heroine for her efforts in rescuing and caring for thousands of orphans during her 11 years of service in Armenia, Turkey and Greece between 1919 and 1930. Jennifer Rodney Chown, co-chair of the Sara Corning Society, says the activities planned for Sept. 13-15 in Yarmouth will be a chance for locals and visitors to meet and to reflect on Corning and the significance of her humanitarian work.
The people of Yarmouth will feel so proud of their hometown girl, she said, and it will be just a wonderful opportunity for them to meet the descendants of the (children) Sara rescued and cared for. It s a wonderful story. Rodney Chown and David Chown also co-chair of the Sara Corning Society were in Yarmouth late last week and met with representatives of the Town of Yarmouth and the Yarmouth County Historical Society to discuss their plans. The meetings we had with the town and museum were very productive and constructive, said Chown, Rodney Chown s husband, and we re very grateful for the support that the town and museum have offered us. The statue was paid for by a donor from the Armenian community in Toronto. The sculptor is from Montreal and is Armenian as well. The hope is to have an interpretive panel that would go along with the statue. The unveiling ceremony which will take place in either the late morning or early afternoon will be followed by a reception. Rodney Chown says people will have a chance to visit the Yarmouth County Museum and Archives and perhaps see some of the material there related to Corning. While the unveiling of the statue will be a
2019 Aurora Humanitarians Announced
Mr. Mirza Dinnayi,Huda Al-Sarari, and Zannah Bukar Mustapha
The co-founders of the Aurora Humanitarian Initiative announced the heroes for 2019. The press conference of the cofounders of the initiative Ruben Vardanyan and Noubar Afeyan was traditionally held at the Institute of Ancient Manuscripts Matenadaran on Wednesday, on the day of commemoration of the victims of the Armenian Genocide. The 2019 Aurora Humanitarians are: -Mirza Dinnayi, Co-Founder and Director of Luftbrücke Irak (Airbridge Iraq), a humanitarian organization that flies Yazidi victims from Iraq to Germany for medical treatment. Mirza Dinnayi has helped several hundred women escape from the territories controlled by ISIS, personally taking part in missions to bring them back to safety, and delivered food and water to the Yazidis in isolated areas. - Zannah Bukar Mustapha, lawyer, Director and Founder of Future Prowess Islamic Foundation a school that provides education to some of the most deprived children in Maiduguri, Nigeria. In October 2016, he secretly traveled to meet with Boko
Haram rebels in their Sambisa forest hideout during a media blackout and left with 21 children. -Huda Al-Sarari, lawyer and activist. Huda Al-Sarari is a brave and inspiring Yemeni human rights activist, who singlehandedly investigates, exposes and challenges a clandestine network of secret prisons run by foreign governments in Yemen, where thousands of men and boys have faced arbitrary detention. She has amassed incontrovertible evidence of the abuse that takes place within the prisons and succeeded in convincing Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch to take up the cause. The name of the winner will be announced in October as part of the first Aurora forum starting October 20. This year, hundreds of applications have been received from 72 countries. The initiative expands the geography, said Ruben Vardanyan. The choice was difficult, Noubar Afeyan added. According to them, a cultural program is scheduled for the upcoming forum in October.
highlight of the weekend, things actually will get underway Friday, Sept. 13, at Th YARC with the presentation of a play about Corning by Chris Bolger, a Yarmouth-area resident and a member of the Sara Corning Society. The plan is to have two performances of the play Sept. 13 one for students, one for the general public and another on Sunday, Sept. 15. The exciting thing, Rodney Chown said, is LunaSea would like to have a performance in Halifax following the one in Yarmouth and then they would like to take it around the province, so this will be a wonderful way to share Sara s story. If Corning was alive today, Rodney Chown admits, she might be uncomfortable getting all this attention, given her humble nature, but she would likely celebrate the friendships developing today between those from her home province and the descendants of those she helped to rescue and care for. Chown says they expect the weekend s activities will draw people from away including from outside Nova Scotia, perhaps even from outside Canada people who have reverence for Corning and what she did. But beyond what s planned for September, Chown says the longer-term goal is to ensure everyone has a chance to learn about Corning and the heroism of this remarkable woman.
ø³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ¸¿Ùù»ñáõ...
ß³ñ. ². ¿ç¿Ý
ù³Õ³ù³å»ï ÖáÝ ÂáñÇ, ù³Õ³ù³å»ï³ñ³ÝÇ ³Ý¹³Ù Þ»ÉÇ ø³ñáÉ, ݳ˳ñ³ñÝ»ñª â¿ÛÙÁÝï âû« èáï üÇÉÇ÷ë, äÇÉ äÉ¿Ûñ »õ سÛùÁÉ ÂÇåáÉû, ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñ« úÝóñÇáÛÇ Ù¿ç ÐÐ å³ïáõáÛ ÑÇõå³ïáë ì³ñáõÅ³Ý È³÷áÛ»³Ý« ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ ³ÛÉ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý·áñÍÇãÝ»ñ« ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñ »õ ÃáñáÝÃáѳۻñ£ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ« г۳ëï³ÝÇ »õ ²ñó³ËÇ ù³ÛÉ»ñ·Ý»ñ¿Ý »ïù« Ý»ñϳݻñÁ Ññ³õÇñáõ»ó³Ý Ù¿Ï í³ÛñÏ»³Ý ÛáïÝϳÛë Û³ñ·»Éáõ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý »õ µáÉáñ ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ݳѳï³ÏÝ»ñáõ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÁ: úñáõ³Ý ѳݹÇë³í³ñê³ñÇÏ ä³å»³ÝÇñ µ³óÙ³Ý Ëûëù¿Ý »ïù, Ý»ñϳ۳óáõó ûñáõ³Ý µ³Ý³ËûëÁª ò»Õ³ëå³Ý³·¿ïÝ»ñáõ ØÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÀÝÏ»ñ³Ïóáõû³Ý ݳ˳·³Ñ ÷ñáý© пÝñÇ¿ñÇáÝ: ¿ñÇû ß»ßï»ó ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ áõëáõóÙ³Ý ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßïáõÃÇõÝÁ »ñÏñáñ¹³Ï³Ý í³ñųñ³ÝÝ»ñ¿Ý Ý»ñë: ²Ý ³Ý¹ñ³¹³ñÓ³õ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ׳ݳãÙ³Ý »õ ѳïáõóÙ³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóóÇÝ »õ ¹³ï³å³ñï»ó ÂáõñùÇáÛ Ñ»ñùáõÙÇ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï³Ï³Ý ÁÝóóùÁ: Ò»éݳñÏÇÝ ÁÝóóùÇÝ Ëûëù ³éÇÝ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Þñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ Ð³Û ¸³ïÇ Û³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇ ³ï»Ý³å»ï Þ³Ñ¿Ý ØÇñ³ù»³Ý« å³ïáõáÛ ÑÇõå³ïáëì³ñáõÅ³Ý È³÷áÛ»³Ý« ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ ë³Ñ-ٳݳÛÇÝ ³å³Ñáíáõû³Ý ݳ˳ñ³ñ äÇÉ äÉ¿Ûñ« »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý Ð³ñáÉï ²Éåñ¿Ëï«
Sara Corning
áñ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõó Áݹ¹ÇÙ³¹Çñ Ïáõë³Ïóáõû³Ý ջϳí³ñ ²ÝïñÇõ ÞÇñÇ ËûëùÁ »õ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ ù³Õ³ù³å»ï ÖáÝ ÂáñÇ: ´»Ù µ³ñÓñ³ó³Ý ݳ»õ ݳ˳ñ³ñÝ»ñ â¿ÛÙÁÝï âû« èáï üÇÉÇ÷ë »õ سÛùÁÉ ÂÇåáÉû« áñ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõó úÝóñÇáÛÇ í³ñã³å»ï î³Ï ýáñïÇ å³ï·³ÙÁ« ÇëÏ »ñ»ë÷áË³Ý ØÇÃóÇ Ð³ÝÃÁñ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõó ²½³ï³Ï³Ý Ïáõë³Ïóáõû³Ý ųٳݳϳõáñ ջϳí³ñÇÝ ËûëùÁ. ÁÝûñóáõ»ó³õ ݳ»õ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ Üáñ ¸»ÙáÏñ³ï Ïáõë³Ïóáõû³Ý ջϳí³ñ Ö³ÏÙÇï êÇÝÏÇ ËûëùÁ: ºÉáÛà áõÝ»óáÕÝ»ñÝ áõ å³ï·³ÙÝ»ñÁ µáÉáñÁ ÏÁ ß»ßï¿ÇÝ Ð³Ûáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý ÇñáÕáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ ½³ÛÝ ÁݹáõÝ»Éáõ ϳñ»õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ, áñå¿ë½Ç µÝ³õ »ñµ»ù ÝÙ³Ý á×Çñ ãÏñÏÝáõÇ Ù³ñ¹Ïáõû³Ý ³ãùÇÝ ³é³ç: î»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³õ ݳ»õ ·»Õ³ñáõ»ëï³Ï³Ý Û³Ûï³·Çñ. ٻݻñ·Ý»ñáí »ÉáÛà áõÝ»ó³Ý Üáõ¿ñ Ô³½³ñ»³Ý« ïáõïáõÏÇ ÁÝÏ»ñ³Ïóáõû³Ùµ ê¿Ûñ³Ý Ô³½³ñ»³ÝÇ, »õ È»õáÝ Ü³Ñѳë, ÇëÏ ³ëÙáõÝùáí Çñ Ù³ëݳÏóáõÃÇõÝÁ µ»ñ³õ ²ñÇë æáõÉ×»³Ý: гݹÇëáõû³Ý ݳËáñ¹»ó Éáõë³ÝϳñÝ»ñáõ óáõó³Ñ³Ý¹¿ë« áñ Ï Áݹ·ñÏ¿ñ »õñáå³Ï³Ý »õ ³ÛÉ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõ ûñûñáõ Ù¿ç ÉáÛë ï»ë³Í 1915-Ç ÝϳñÝ»ñ« áñáÝù ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ÁÉɳÉáí ÏÁ óáõó³¹ñáõ¿ÇÝ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ù¿ç£ ²ÛÝáõÑ»ï»õ, å³ßïûÝ³Ï³Ý ÑÇõñ»ñÝ áõ Ý»ñϳݻñÁ ͳÕÏ»åë³ÏÝ»ñ »õ ͳÕÇÏÝ»ñ ½»ï»Õ»óÇÝ Ð³Û Î»¹ñáÝÇ ßñç³÷³ÏÇÝ Ù¿ç ·ïÝáõáÕª гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý 1«5 ÙÇÉÇáÝ ëñµ³¹³ëáõ³Í ݳѳï³ÏÝ»ñáõ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÇÝ ÝáõÇñáõ³Í Ûáõß³ÏáÃáÕÇÝ ³éç»õ:
гٳѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ²é»õïáõñÇ ... ï³ÝÁ »½³ÏÇ ó³Ýó³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ñóÏáí ³ß³ñ. 4ñ¹ ¿ç¿Ý
Ý߳ݳϳÉÇ ³ñÅ¿ù Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ»É Ã¿° г۳ëï³ÝÇ »õ ÿ° ë÷ÇõéùÇ ·áñͳñ³ñ ѳٳÛÝùÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ£ гۻñÁ ³Ýó»³ÉÇÝ í×é³Ï³Ý ¹»ñ ˳ճó³Í »Ý ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ³é»õïñ³ÛÇÝ Û³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç ѳٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ³½¹áõ ѳٳٳëݳÏóáõû³Ùµ£ вò-Á ÏÁ Ó·ïÇ í»ñ³Ñ³ëï³ï»É ³Û¹ ѳٳß˳ñѳÛÇÝ Ï³å»ñÁ »õ ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ûÅï»É г۳ë-
å³·³ÛÇÝ£ ²Ûëûñ Ù»Ýù ÙÇ³Ï ÙÇçѳٳÛÝù³ÛÇÝ ·áñͳñ³ñ ѳñóÏÝ »Ýù, áñ ÏÁ Ùdzõáñ¿ ³÷ÇõéùÇ ·ñ»Ã¿ µáÉáñ ³é»õïñ³ÛÇÝ å³É³ïÝ»ñÁ »õ ·áñͳñ³ñ ËáñÑáõñ¹Ý»ñÁ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ г۳ëï³ÝÇ »ñÏáõ ٻͳ·áÛÝ ·áñͳñ³ñ ÐÎÝ»ñÁ (гë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý γ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ)£ Ø»ñ ÙdzëÝ³Ï³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ ½³ñ·³óÝ»É Ñ³Ù³ß˳ñѳÛÇÝ Ï³å»ñÁ Ù»ñ ·áñͳñ³ñ ѳٳÛÝùÝ»ñáõÝ ÙÇç»õ »õ ËÃ³Ý»É ³é»õïáõñÝ áõ Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ»ñÁ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ù¿ç£
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
29
ÞÝáñѳϳÉÇù ²ÉÃáõÝ»³Ý »õ øÇõñï»³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñ Û³ïáõÏ ßÝáñѳϳÉáõÃÇõÝ ÏÁ Û³ÛïÝ»Ý ¶³Ý³ï³Ñ³Ûáó ²é³çÝáñ¹ª ¶»ñß. î. ²µ·³ñ ºåë. Úáí³ÏÇÙ»³ÝÇÝ, Ødzó»³É ܳѳݷݻñáõ ²ñ»õÙï»³Ý Â»ÙÇ ²é³çÝáñ¹ª ¶»ñß. î. ÚáíÝ³Ý ²ñù. î¿ñï¿ñ»³ÝÇÝ, öáË-²é³çÝáñ¹ »õ ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ ê. ºññáñ¹áõÃÇõÝ Ð³Ûó. ²é³ù. ºÏ»Õ»óõáÛ Ðá·»õáñÐáíÇõª ²ñÅ. î. ¼³ñ»Ñ ²õ³· øÑÝ. ¼³ñ·³ñ»³ÝÇÝ, ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ ØÇç-Ú³ñ³Ýáõ³Ý³Ï³Ý سñÙÝÇÝ, ê. ¶ñÇ·áñ Èáõë³õáñÇ㠺ϻջóõáÛÐá·»õáñÐáíÇõª ¶»ñÛ. гÛñ ºÕdz Ì. ìñ¹. ¶Çñ¿ç»³ÝÇÝ, ê. ì³ñ¹³Ý ºÏ»Õ»óõáÛÐá·»õáñÐáíÇõª ²ñÅ. î. ØÇõéáÝ øÑÝ. ê³ñ·Ç뻳ÝÇÝ, Ð. ´. À. Ø.-Ç ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ Ø³ëݳ×ÇõÕÇ îÝûñ¿ÝáõÑǪ îÇÏ. ê³ÉµÇ î¿ñ Ô³½³ñ»³ÝÇÝ, ´³ñ»ßÝáñÑ ê³ñϳõ³·Ý»ñª ÜáõñÑ³Ý Æ÷¿ùÇÝ, ¶ñÇ·áñ Âá½³ùÇÝ »õ ØÇÑñ³Ý âáɳù»³ÝÇÝ, ê. ºññáñ¹áõÃÇõÝ ºÏ»Õ»óõáÛ ÌË³Ï³Ý ÊáñÑáõñ¹ÇÝ áõ îÇÏݳÝó Ú³ÝÓݳËáõÙµÇÝ, ¸åñ³ó ¸³ëÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñáõÝ, »ñ·»Ñáݳѳñª îÇÏ. êáݳ ²ñÃÇÝ»³ÝÇÝ, ٻݻñ·áÕª îÇÏ. Ȼݳ ä¿ÛÉ¿ñ»³ÝÇÝ, ºÏ»Õ»óõáÛ ø³ñïáõÕ³ñáõÑǪ îÇÏ. ²ÝÇ ê³ñí³ñ»³ÝÇÝ, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ µáÉáñ µ³ñ»Ï³ÙÝ»ñáõÝ, áñáÝù Çñ»Ýó ³ÕûÃùáí, Ý»ñϳÛáõû³Ùµ, ÙËÇóñ³Ï³Ý Ëûëù»ñáí, ÝáõÇñ³ïáõáõû³Ùµ »õ Ñ»é³Ëûë³ÛÇÝ Ï³åáí µ³ÅÝ»ÏÇó »Õ³Ý Çñ»Ýó ³ÙáõëÝáÛÝ, Ñûñ, Ù»Í-Ñûñ, »Õµûñ, Ñûñ»Õµûñ »õ ù»é³ÛñÇݪ
see the asnswers reversed on this page
FOR SALE 8 Hectares of
Grape producing Vineyard is for sale in
Arevadasht Village in Armavir region of Armenia
for USD $110,000 negotiable. For information, please call or text Vahe at: (647) 921-8773.
Ú³Ïáµ ²ÉÃáõÝ»³ÝÇ Ù³Ñáõ³Ý ëáõ·ÇÝ£
Editor
Torontohye Newspaper Publisher Torontohye communications Inc. 45 Hallcrown Place Willowdale, ON M2J 4Y4 Email:torontohye@gmail.com Phone: (416) 491- 2900 ext. 3215 Fax: (416) 491- 2211
Karin Saghdejian
ÊÙµ³·Çñ γñÇÝ ê³ÕïÁ×»³Ý
²ß˳ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñ ²ñßû ¼³ù³ñ»³Ý ³ٳñ îûݳå»ï»³Ý
¾ç³¹ñáõÙ
²ñ³ î¿ñ Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý
ì³ñã³Ï³Ý ä³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ ØÇë³Ï ¶³õɳ·»³Ý
̳ÝáõóáõÙÝ»ñ
Administrator Missak Kawlakian
Advertisements
ê»õ³Ï Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý лé.ª 416-878-0746
Sevag Haroutunian (416- 878-0746)
sales.torontohye@gmail.com
Design & Graphics: Ara Ter Haroutunian (aragraphics@gmail.com)
30
Êàв¶Æð
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
êáÝdz ³ß×»³Ý
ä³ïÙ³Ï³Ý àõñý³ ù³Õ³ùÁ ÿ»õ ÏÁ ·ïÝáõÇîÇ·ñÇë »õ º÷ñ³ï ·»ï»ñáõÙÇç»õ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ Ù¿Ï ÏáÕÙ¿Ý ßñç³å³ïáõ³Í ¿ ³Ý³å³ï³ÛÇÝ µÉáõñÝ»ñáí, ÇëÏÙÇõëÏáÕٿݪ ³ñ·³ë³µ»ñ »õ çñ³é³ï¹³ßï»ñáí: àõñý³Ý (ϳ٠àõéѳ, º¹»ëdz) »Õ³Í¿å³ïٳϳÝϳñ»õáñÏ»¹ñáÝÙÁ, ÇëÏ Ù»½Ç ѳٳñ ³ÛÝ ²µ·³ñ³é³çÇÝùñÇëïáÝ»³Ûó·³õáñÇÙ³Ûñ³ù ³Õ³ùÝ¿: àõéѳ³ÝáõÝÁѳõ³Ý³µ³ñ»Ï³Í¿ ÊáõñÇ ØÇï³ÝÇÝ»ñáõ ¹³ñ³ßñç³Ý¿Ý »õ ÏÁ Ý߳ݳϿ §ù³ñ³Ûñ¦£ ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý ³õ³Ý¹³å³ïáõÙÇ Ñ³Ù³Ó³ÛÝ, ÜáÛÇ ë»ñáõݹ¿Ý Ü»µñáí¹ (Ü»ÙñáõÃ) ³ÝáõÝáí ³é³çÝáñ¹Á ·³Éáí ϳñϳãáõÝ ³ÕµÇõñÝ»ñáí ϳݳã³å³ï ³Ûë ¹³ßïÁ, µÝ³ÏáõÃÇõÝ Ñ³ëï³ï³Í ¿ »ûÃÁ ù³ñ³ÛñÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç: ÆëÏ º¹»ëdz ³Ýáõ³ÝáõÙÁ Ï°»Ýó¹ñáõÇáñϳåáõ³Í¿ê»É»õÏÇáë ½ûñ³í³ñÇ Ñ»ï. ³Ý í»ñ³Ï³éáõó»Éáí ù³Õ³ùÁ, Çñ ³ÕçÏ³Û º¹»ë¿Ç ³ÝáõÝáí ÏÁ Ïáã¿ ½³ÛÝ º¹»ëdz, áñ ٳϻ¹áݳóÇÝ»ñáõ É»½áõáí ÏÁ Ý߳ݳϿ §ÏÁ ëÇñ»Ù ½³Ûݦ: àõñý³óÇÝ»ñáõ ³õ³Ý¹³Ï³Ý ËáѳÝáóÇÝ Ù¿ç Û³ïáõÏ ï»ÕáõÝÇ ïáٳɳÝáí ׳߳ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñÁ: îáٳɳÝÁ ØÇçÇÝ ²ñ»õ»ÉùÇ »ñÏÇñÝ»ñáõÝÙ¿ç ï³ñ³Íõ³Í ³Ý³å³ï³ÛÇÝ ·»ïݳëáõÝÏÇ (desert truffle) ï»ë³Ï ¿, áñ Ï°³×Ç ³õ³½Ý»ñáõ Ù¿ç »õ Áëï µ³Ý³ÑÇõëáõû³Ý, Û³ïϳå¿ëª ϳÛͳÏÇ ½³ñÏ³Í ï»ÕÁ: سÛñë ÏÁ å³ïÙ¿ñ, áñ »ñ»Ë³ÛÅ ³Ù³Ý³Ïгɿådzõ³½áõï ¹³ßï»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç¿ÝÏÁ ѳõ³ù¿ÇÝ, ÏÁ Ù³ùñ¿ÇÝ »õ Ï°áõï¿ÇÝ ½³ÛÝ: лï³ùñùñ³Ï³Ý¿, áñ Ãáõñù»ñ¿Ýáí ³Ý ÏÁ ÏáãáõÇ ïᵳɳÝ, å³ñëÏ»ñ¿Ýáí ïáݵ³É³Ý, ²ÉÅ»ñdzÛÇ »õ ÂáõÝÇ½Ç Ù¿çªï»ñý¿½, øáõ¿ÛÃÇ Ù¿ç ý³··³. Æñ³ùÇ Ù¿ç ï³ñ³Íáõ³Í ¿ ³ñ³µ³Ï³Ý¹³ë³Ï³Ý ³ÝáõÝáíª ù»ÙÙ¿ ϳ٠ù³Ù³: Úáñ¹³Ý³ÝóÇÝ»ñÁ ý³·³Ñ Ï°Áë»Ý: ê¿áõï³Ï³Ý ²ñ³µÇ³ÛÇ Ù¿ç Ï³Ý »ñÏáõ ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñ.- ˳ɳëÇ (ѳõÏóӻõ áõ ë»õ·áÛÝÇ) »õ ½áõµ³ÛÇ¹Ç (Ïñ»Ù³·áÛÝ Ñ³½áõ³·Çõï ï»ë³ÏÁ): ²ß˳ñÑÇ ï³ñµ»ñ ÏáÕÙ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç »õë ·áÛáõÃÇõÝ áõÝÇ, ÇÝãå¿ë ûñÇÝ³Ï Æëå³Ýdz, ø³Ý³ñ»³Ý ÏÕ½ÇÝ»ñ, »õ³ÛÉÝ®.: ÆÝãù³Ý ³É ½³ñٳݳÉÇ Ãáõ³Û, ³ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇõ, ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý µ³é³ñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç ·ï³Û ïáٳɳÝÇ Ñ»ï»õ»³É ³ÝáõÝÝ»ñÁ. §ïáÙµ³É³Ý¦ (§Ð³Ûáó É»½áõÇ µ³ñµ³é³ÛÇÝ µ³é³ñ³Ý¦) »õ §ïáÙå³ñ³Ý ϳ٠¹áÙµ³É³Û¦ (êï. سÉ˳뻳ÝóÇ §Ð³Û»ñ¿Ý ´³ó³ïñ³Ï³Ý ´³é³ñ³Ý¦): ºñáõ³Ý¹ ȳɳۻ³ÝÁ Çñ §ì³ñ³Ý¹³ÛÇ ï»Õ³·ñáõÃÇõÝÁ¦ ³ß˳ïáõû³Ý Ù¿ç ÏÁ ÛÇß³ï³Ï¿ ݳ»õ ïáÙµ³É³Ý ëÝϳï»ë³ÏÁ, ³õ»ÉóóÝ»Éáí, áñ ³Ý §·»ïݳËÝÓáñÇ ÝÙ³Ý ¿ »õ ÙdzÛÝ Ëáñáí³Í ϳñ»ÉÇ ¿ áõï»É ½³Ûݦ: ÜáÛÝ Ûû¹áõ³ÍÇ Ù¿ç ÏÁ ÛÇßáõÇ Ý³»õ ÍÙ³Ï Ã³÷³Ý »õ ëáÏáÝ (ëáõÝÏ) áõï»ÉÇ í³ÛñÇ µáÛë»ñáõ Ù³ëÇÝ. (ëϽµÝ³ÕµÇõñÁª س-
îàØ²È²Ü Ï³ñºåëÏ. ´³ñËáõ¹³ñ»³Ýóǧ²ñó³Ë¦»ñϳëÇñáõÃÇõÝ 1895Ã.): ÌÙ³Ïó÷³ÝÇ ×³ßÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù Éë»óÇ Ñ³Ûñ»ÝÇ Ùï³õáñ³Ï³Ý »õ ·ñáÕ ²ñÍáõÇ ´³ËãÇÝ»³Ý¿Ý. ÏÁ Ù¿çµ»ñ»ÙÇñ ·ñ³éáõÙÁ.- §ºñ¿Ï í»ñ³¹³ñÓ³Ýù ²ñó³ËÇó£ г¹ñáõÃÇ ×³ß³ñ³ÝáõÙ Ï»ñ³Ýù ÙÇ ãÉëáõ³Í-ãï»ëÝáõ³Íѳٳ¹³Ù, áñ ï»Õ³óÇÝ»ñÁ ³Ýáõ³ÝáõÙ »Ý§ÍÙ³Ï Ã³÷³ÝÇ׳ߦ£ ²÷ëáë, áñÑáõÙíÇ׳ÏáõÙãï»ë³Û³Û¹ÍÙ³Ïó÷³ÝÏáãáõ³ÍÁ, µ³Ûó áñù³Ý ѳëϳó³Ûª ͳé³ëÝÏÇ ï»ë³Ï ¿£ ²ë³óÇÝ, áñ µÝáõû³Ý Ù»ç ß³ï ùÇã ¿ ѳݹÇåáõÙ£ ºñ»õÇïñÇõõý¿ÉÇå¿ë ѳ½áõ³·Çõï ¿£ ÆõÕáíáõëáËáí ï³å³Ï³Í, ·»ñ³½³Ýó ѳÙáí ÇëÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ù³¹³Ù ¿ñ, áñÁ 10 ѳ½³ñ ¹ñ³Ùáí í³×³éùÇ »Ý áõÕ³ñÏáõÙ èáõë³ëï³Ý£ ºñ³ÝÇ Ã¿ ϳñáÕ³Ý³Ý Ù»Í ù³Ý³Ïáí Ù߳ϻÉ, ¹áõñë µ»ñ»É ݳ»õ ѳÛñ»Ý³Ï³Ý áõ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ßáõÏ³Û áõ ¹³ñÓÝ»É Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ³åñ³Ýù³ÝÇß...¦: ÆëÏ Éñ³·ñáÕ »õ Ññ³å³ñ³Ï³Ëûë γñÇÝ¿ Ú³ñáõÃÇõÝ»³Ý ³Ûëå¿ë Ù»Ïݳµ³Ý»ó µ³éÁ.- §ÌÙ³Ï »õ ó÷³Ý: ²Ûë »ñÏáõ µ³é»ñÇó ³é³çÇÝÁ ï»ÕÝ ¿ ÛáõßáõÙ, áñï»Õ ³×áõÙ ¿ ëáõÝÏÁª ÍÙ³Ï, Ëáï³Í³ÍÏ ï»Õ»ñáõÙ, ³ñ»õÇó Ñ»éáõ, ÇëÏ Ã³÷³Ý µ³éÁ ³ñï³ùÇÝ ï»ëùÝ ¿ µÝáñáßáõÙ. ³ÛÝ ÛÇß»óÝáõÙ ¿ ï³õ³ñÇ Ã³÷³ÝÁ, áñÁ áïù»ñÇ Ñ»ï û·ï³·áñÍõáõÙ ¿ ˳ßÇ Ù¿ç¦: §êáÏáÝ = ëáõÝϦ µ³éÁ Û³×³Ë Ï³ñ»ÉÇ ¿ ѳݹÇåÇÉ Ñ³Û»ñ¿ÝÇ µ³ñµ³éÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç, ÝáÛÝÇëÏ §ÍÁé³ëáÏáÝ = ͳéÇ ëáõÝϦ ï»ë³ÏÁ Æç»õ³ÝÇ, ¸ÇÉÇç³ÝÇ »õ ÜáÛ»Ùµ»ñ»³ÝÇ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ç ³Ù»Ý³ëÇñ»ÉÇ áõï»ëÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏÝ ¿: ì»ñ³¹³éݳÉáí ïáٳɳÝÇÝ, ï³ñÇÝ»ñ ³é³ç Úáõß³Ù³ï»³Ý Ï³Ûù¿çÇ Ù¿ç Ññ³å³ñ³Ïáõ»ó³õ àõñý³ÛÇ ³õ³Ý¹³Ï³Ý ËáѳÝáóÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ÇÙ Ûû¹áõ³ÍÁ. ïáٳɳÝÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ µ³Õ³¹ñ³ïáÙë Ï³Û ³ÛÝï»Õ, µ³Ûó »ñµ»ù ³éÇà ã¿Ç áõÝ»ó³Í ÝáÛÝÇëÏ ï»ëÝ»Éáõ ³ÛÝ: ø³ÝÇ ÙÁ ß³µ³Ã ³é³ç, ü´-»³Ý ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ËáѳÝáó³ÛÇÝ ¿çÇ ÙÁ Ù¿ç, å³ï³Ñ³µ³ñ ѳݹÇå»ó³Û ïáٳɳÝáí ׳߳ï»ë³Ï ÙÁ, Ù³ñ³ßóÇ ³ñÙ³ïÝ»ñáí Éǵ³Ý³Ý³µÝ³Ï îÇÏ. ì³ñ¹áõÏ Þ³ï³ñ»õ»³ÝÇ ÑÕáõÙÇÝÙ¿ç. ²Ýáñ ÙÇçáóáí ݳ»õ ÇÙ³ó³Û, áñ Èǵ³Ý³ÝÇ äáõñ× Ð³Ùáõï ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ã³Õ³Ù³ëÇ ßáõϳÛÇÝ Ù¿ç »ñµ»ÙÝ Ï³ñ»ÉÇ ¿ ·ïÝ»É ïáٳɳÝ: Ú³Ïáµ ù»ñ³Ûñë ä¿ÛñáõÃÇ ßáõϳݻñáõÝ Ù¿ç ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ûñ »ñϳñ ÷Ýïé»É¿Ý Û»ïáÛ ·ï³õ »õ ·Ý»ó ïáٳɳÝÁ. ùáÛñë Èǵ³Ý³Ý¿Ý г۳ëï³Ý ³Ûó»Éáõû³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Ñ»ïÁ µ»ñ³õ »õ í»ñç³å¿ë ³éÇà áõÝ»ó³Û ͳÝûóݳÉáõ ³ÛÝù³Ý Ñ»ï³ùñùñ³Ï³Ý »õ Çõñ³Û³ïáõÏ ïáٳɳÝÇÝ: ²Û, ³ÛëåÇëÇ «á¹Çë³Ï³Ý¦: àõñý³ÛÇ Û³ÛïÝÇ ëÙµáõÏáí »õ ³Õ³ó³Í ÙÇëáí Ëáñáí³ÍÁ ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇ Ý³»õ ïáٳɳÝáí, ëÙµáõÏÇ ÷á-
˳ñ¿Ý Ù³ùñáõ³Í ïáÙ³É³Ý û·ï³·áñÍ»Éáí: Òáõ³Í»ÕÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ˳߻É, ÏïÁñï»É ïáٳɳÝÁ, ï³åÏ»É ÇõÕáí, ³å³ íñ³Ý ½³ñÝáõ³Í ѳõÏÇà ɻóÝ»É: î³å³Ï³ÛÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ëá˳é³ÍÇ Ñ»ï ï³åÏ»É Ë³ß³Í ÙÇëÝáõ Ù³Ýñáõ³Í ïáٳɳÝÁ: îáٳɳÝáí ÷ɳõÁ ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇ Ëáßáñ ÏáñÏáïáí: ä³ñ½áõݳÏ, µ³Ûó ß³ï Ñ³Ù»Õ »Ý ݳ»õ ³Õó³ÝÝ»ñÁ. ³é³çÇÝ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ, å³ñ½³å¿ë µ³ñ³Ï ß»ñï»É, íñ³Ý Ó¿Ã ïáÙ³É³Ý »õ ³Õ É»óÝ»É. ÇëÏ »ñÏñáñ¹ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÇÝ Ù¿ç ˳éÝ»É Ý³»õ Ù³Ýñ³Í ϳݳãÇ, ß»ñïáõ³Í ëáË »õ ѳٻÙáõÝù: §îáٳɳÝáí óë Ëáñáí³Í¦ ³ÝáõÝáí ׳߳ï»ë³ÏÁ ã³÷³½³Ýó Çõñ³Û³ïáõÏ áõ Ñ³Ù»Õ ×³ß³ï»ë³Ï ÙÁÝ ¿, Ý»ñϳ۳ݳÉÇ Ù³ïáõóٳٵ. ´³Õ³¹ñáõÃÇõÝÁ 0.5 ùÇÉûÏñ³Ù ÇõÕáïÙÇë 0.5 ùÇÉûÏñ³Ù ïáÙ³É³Ý (ϳ٠³ÛÉ ëÝϳï»ë³Ï) 2 ·³õ³Ã µñÇÝÓ Ï³ñÙÇñ »õ ë»õåÕå»Õ ³Õ Ù³ÍáõÝ »õ ëËïáñ
Ù³ùñí³Í ïáٳɳÝ
ïáٳɳÝÇ ³Õó³Ý
ïáٳɳÝáí ÷áõéÇ Ëáñáí³Í Éáõë³ÝϳñÁ ì³ñ¹áõÏ Þ³ï³ñ»õ»³ÝÇ
ä³ïñ³ëïáõÃÇõÝÁ ïáٳɳÝáí Óí³Í»Õ ØÇëÁ Ïïñ³ï»É »õ ÇÝùÝÇñ ÇõÕáí ï³åÏ»É. Ñ³Ù»Ù»É »õ ùÇã çáõñáí »÷»É: ʳ߻É, çñù³Ù»É »õ Ïïñ³ï»É ïáٳɳÝÁ: ´ñÇÝÓÁ ³Õ³çáõñÇÝ Ù¿çùÇã ÙÁ »÷»É¿Ý Û»ïáÛ, çñù³Ù»É: Ú»ïáÛ ÙÇëÝ áõ ïáٳɳÝÁ Çñ³ñ ˳éÝ»É, É»óÝ»É ï³å³ÏÇÝ Ù¿çï»ÕÁ »õ ͳÍÏ»É` íñ³Ý óë ÙÁ ßñç»Éáí. ÏáÕù»ñÁ É»óÝ»É µñÇÝÓÁ, ͳÍÏ»É Ï³÷³ñÇãÁ »õ Ù³ñٳݹ Ïñ³Ïáí ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»É »÷»É: سïáõó»É ÍÙ³Ïó÷³ÝÇ ×³ß« Éáõë³ÝϳñÁ Ù³ÍáõÝ »õ ëËïáñáí: ²ñÍáõÇ ´³ËãÇÝ»³ÝÇ
ïáٳɳÝáí ÷ɳõ
ïáٳɳÝáí óë Ëáñáí³Í
ÊÙµ³·ñáõû³Ý ÏáÕÙ¿
www.torontohye.ca
§ÂáñáÝÃáѳۦ å³ï³ë˳ݳïáõ ã¿ Çñ ¿ç»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç ÉáÛë ï»ë³Í ͳÝáõóáõÙÝ»ñáõ µáí³Ý¹³Ïáõû³Ý: Ø»½Ç ÛÕáõ³Í µáÉáñ ÃÕóÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ »ÝÃ³Ï³Û »Ý áñáß ËÙµ³·ñáõÙÇ:
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163
31
Atken Armenian Foundation: The Legacy Lives On A glimpse into the work of a CanadianArmenian charity discovering musically talented children in Armenia and taking them to the top: This coming June 7th in Montreal and June 9th in Toronto, two stunning artists, Hasmik Papian (Vienna) and Aline Kutan (Montreal) will be performing for a cause that they consider to be of great importance for Armenia. A cause that has been the mission of the Atken Armenian Foundation since the passing of its namesake, Dr. Atken Armenian. The Atken Armenian Foundation has been discovering, serving, and guiding young music talent in the regions of Armenia for the past 10 years. Their work in poverty reduction is growing rapidly through new initiatives and collaboration. In the last few years their efforts have proven to be very productive; more funds (thanks to fundraising concerts held in Canada) have correlated to greater results. For example, from the first group of students discovered in remote areas of Armenia (by remote they mean even villages high up in the mountains), six AAF Fellows have been accepted into top music schools in Armenia and are on the path they have dreamt about. On the regional development side, in a few short years, their agro-modernization projects will bring in six-figure revenue to local farming communities. Today we will explore the cultural side of things. It is not an exaggeration to say that the Atken Armenian Foundation has established itself as an important cultural force for young people in remote areas of Armenia. When you meet a AAF Fellow, you will meet a child from a village who only a couple of years ago had never heard of Scarlatti or Brahms and today is singing in Italian and German! You will get to know a young man who served on the border and witnessed his comrade killed by an enemy bullet during the Four-Day War in April 2016, who today is a top voice student at the Komitas Conservatory. Other AAF Fellows are already winning competitions from Armenia to Italy. At the AAF, every amount raised goes
to discovering highly talented youth and to provide them with the best possible quality music training. No donations are used for the administration of the Foundation. They have an excellent network of volunteers in Armenia who make it all possible. From CanadianArmenians who live there for a few months a year, to local NGO's, and their representative in Armenia, Chaghig Arzrouni, the Registrar at the American University of Armenia. The Foundation Board includes internationally renowned Montreal musicians such as soprano Aline Kutan and conductors Agnes Grossmann and Raffi Armenian, as well as British violinist Levon Chilingirian. Their president is the son of the late Atken Armenian, Montreal-based violinist Van Armenian, who invests countless hours in the Foundation's work. The teachers they hire in Armenia are chosen for their exceptional level of professionalism and dedication to the children. Their programs are transforming entire communities and giving hope to their children. An example of this transformation is when they met Maro Simonyan (pictured) eight years ago, and found an energetic and determined woman who wanted to bring musical culture to the children of her hometown of Yegheknadzor. The AAF gave her a mission: build a serious children s choir and head for the top! For the past 4 years, the Armenian Children s Choir has been winning top prizes in Armenia and even a Gold Medal in Georgia. There is a magical atmosphere when you enter the Culture Centre; Maro has created a place where the love of music is palpable. Every time the award-winning choir shows up in the capital Yerevan, heads are turned! The AAF also has a bank of several instruments on loan to local music schools and talented children. The bank includes two beautiful Qanons, 3 flutes, 8 violins, and 12 pianos. The AAF also offers voice, piano, music history, theory, dictation, English language, and solfeggio classes. The AAF does not allow talented and
hard-working children to be forgotten due to circumstances of the country. "We will support them as long as they continue to elevate themselves to the enormous challenge and discipline required to make it in the music world," says AAF President Van Armenian. A great example of this is Anna. When Van Armenian met young Anna in a small town in Javaghk three years ago, he selected her to become an AAF Fellow. The AAF funds her voice lessons in Yerevan (she comes down to Yerevan regularly for extended stays), as well as English lessons with a teacher in her town. Lately, she won a competition in Georgia giving her the possibility to participate in the final round in Italy. The AAF took her to Italy where she competed with candidates 5 to 7 years older than her. Anna was one of 4 candidates selected by an international jury and Nino Lezhava, Director of the Academy Tebaldi Del Monaco, to receive the Special Prize: A full scholarship to participate in a 2week masterclass in Italy, room & board included! In Van Armenian's words: "This is a talent to watch, mark our words! The AAF believes that talents such as Anna will be future ambassadors of Armenia, but important support is needed to continue this work." Another amazing talent, also from Javaghk, is pianist Anahit. She is the recipient of a 2018 AAF fellowship and recently the proud owner of a baby grand piano funded by the AAF so that she can practise on a decent piano. The AAF considers Anahit as a major talent worth the full support of her community. She practices many, many hours a day and participates in masterclasses in Paris. She is also supported by international Georgian pianist Elisso Bolkvadze's charitable music foundation, Lyra, with the mission of inspiring and promoting the young generation of Georgian classical pianists. Recently, Anahit performed for none other than the President of Georgia (Salome Zourabichvili) and the Georgian Catholicos! She also appeared on the popular Armenian TV show öáùñÇÏÝ»ñ where she charmed a nation with her incredible skill and charm. Other top talents the AAF supports
include flutist Mariam from Gyumri. This 16year-old has won all the national competitions and has a bright musical career ahead of her. The Atken Armenian Foundation provides her with a great instrument (donated by Simon Channing - Head of Woodwinds at the Famous Royal College of Music in London). 100% of Mariam's weekly private flute lessons with Armenian National Philharmonic Orchestra principal flute Narek Avagyan, including travel costs, are covered by the Atken Armenian Foundation. Last summer she was invited, with a full fellowship, to the Yuri Bashmet Academy in Samara, Russia, where she benefited from two intense weeks of masterclasses and performance opportunities. A good friend and supporter of the Foundation, associate-principal flute of the Montreal Symphony Orchestra, Albert Brouwer, is convinced that "this investment in brilliant talent is truly worthwhile." "The new reality in Armenia, with the beautiful velvet revolution and a fresh sense of hope and determination it has brought, has opened many possibilities," says, AAF President, Van Armenian. "When before we made it a point to stay clear of corrupt government appointees we simply had no time to deal with the bureaucracy and disinterest well, today, there is an opportunity to maximize government cooperation with the AAF. Some of our programs and philosophies in the regions can indeed become templates for rebuilding the damaged musical institutions and human resources in Armenia s regions." When asked how we can contribute to the cause, Van Armenian simply states: "Come and show your solidarity with two of the top Armenian opera singers in the world this June in Montreal or Toronto. As the Armenian saying goes, with one stone, two birds. . . well in this case three birds. You see, with your ticket purchase or sponsorship pledge, you will hear an absolutely amazing concert, provide direct support to a young talented musician in Armenia, and finally, help build a better Armenia, an Armenia defined by a high level of cultural development."
32
زÚÆê 2019 ĸ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 163