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Volume 11, No. 2 (122), December 2015 Toronto Armenian Community Newspaper
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Dr. Raffi Aynaciyan braces for children and adults
D.D.S., M.Cl.D., F.R.C.D.(C)
Orthodontist Richmond Hill (Hillcrest Mall): 9350 Yonge Street, Suite 216 905-884-4161 North York: 3333 Bayview Avenue, Suite 203 416-221-0660 Downtown Toronto: 11 King Street West, Suite C115 416-363-3018
Ara Graphics
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ٳٵ å»ïáõÃÇõÝ` ¾ñïáÕ³ÝÇ ·É˳õáñáõû³Ùµ: ²½ñå¿Û׳ÝÁ ãÇ ÷áË»Éáõ Ñé»ïáñ³µ³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ »õ ß³ñáõݳϻÉáõ ¿ ³å³Ï³éáõóáÕ³Ï³Ý ¹ÇñùáñáßáõÙÁ: г۳ëï³Ý-²½ñå¿Û×³Ý ë³ÑÙ³ÝÇ »ñϳÛÝùáí »õ Õ³ñ³µ³Õ³-³½ñå¿Û×³Ý³Ï³Ý ½ûñù»ñÇ ß÷Ù³Ý ·ÍÇ »ñϳÛÝùáí Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳϻÉáõ ¿ ÙÝ³É É³ñáõ³Í, »Ã¿ º²ÐÎ ØÇÝëùÇ ËáõÙµÁ »õ »é³Ý³Ë³·³ÑáÕ å»ïáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Ýáñ ݳ˳ӻéÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ѳݹ¿ë ãµ»ñ»Ý: ²ñó³Ë»³Ý ϳñ·³õáñÙ³Ý ·áñÍÁÝóóáõÙ ×»ÕùáõÙ ³ÏÝϳɻÉÝ Çñ³ï»ë³Ï³Ý ã¿ µ³½Ù³ÃÇõ å³ï׳éÝ»ñáí: ²é³çÇÝ Ñ»ñÃÇÝ Ýñ³Ýáí, áñ ѳϳٳñïáõû³Ý Ù¿ç Ý»ñ·ñ³õáõ³Í ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ å³ïñ³ëï ã»Ý ·ÇÝ í׳ñ»É »ñϳñ³ï»õ ˳ճÕáõû³Ý ѳٳñ: ºñÏñáñ¹, ²½ñå¿Û׳ÝÁ ëÏë»É ¿ ѳõ³ï³É, áñ é³½Ù³Ï³Ý Ñ³õ³ë³ñ³ÏßéáõÃÇõÝÁ ˳Ëïáõ»É ¿ Ûû·áõï Çñ»Ý »õ ϳñáÕ ¿ Ýáñ å³ï»ñ³½Ùáí »ï ëï³Ý³É ݳËáñ¹ å³ï»ñ³½ÙáõÙ Ïáñóñ³ÍÁ »õ í»ñ³¹³éÝ³É status quo ante íÇ׳ÏÇÝ: ÜÙ³Ý å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõÙ ä³ùáõÝ å³ïñ³ëï ãÇ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ Éáõñç µ³Ý³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ: ÂáõñùdzÛÇ ³ñï³ùÇÝ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý ûñ³Ï³ñ·áõ٠г۳ëï³ÝÁ ³é³çݳÛÇÝ ï»Õ»ñáõÙ ã¿: ä³ßïûÝ³Ï³Ý ²Ý·³ñ³Ý ÙdzÛÝ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ³é ųٳݳÏ, Û³Ûï³ñ³ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ »õ ¹Çõ³Ý³·Çï³Ï³Ý ÝáóݻñÇ Ó»õáí Ï ³Ý¹ñ³¹³éÝ³Û Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇÝ, ѳÛ-Ãáõñù³Ï³Ý Û³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇÝ »õ гÛáó ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³ÝÁ, »ñµ áñ»õ¿ ³½¹»óÇÏ å»ïáõÃÇõÝ 1915Á ׳ݳãÇ áñå¿ë ó»Õ³ëå³ÝáõÃÇõÝ Ï³Ù ³ñͳñÍÇ Ã»Ù³Ý: ìϳ۳Ïáã»Éáí 2009ÇÝ ëïáñ³·ñáõ³Í òÇõñÇË»³Ý ³ñӳݳ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, ÂáõñùÇ³Ý ß³ñáõݳϻÉáõ ¿ åݹ»É, ÿ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝ ¿ ËáãÁݹáïáõ٠г۳ëï³Ý-Âáõñùdz Û³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ µÝ³Ï³ÝáÝ»óÙ³ÝÁ: ²Ý·³ñ³Ý, ³ÝϳëϳÍ, ß³ñáõݳϻÉáõ ¿ ߳ѳñÏ»É Ý³»õ ³ñó³Ë»³Ý ѳñóÇ ãϳñ·³õáñáõ³Í íÇ-
׳ÏÁ, »ñµ г۳ëï³ÝÇ Ñ»ï ë³ÑÙ³ÝÁ µ³ó»Éáõ ѳñóáõÙ ½·³Û Éáõñç ×ÝßáõÙÝ»ñ Çñ ³ñ»õÙï»³Ý ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: ¿° Õ³ñ³µ³Õ»³Ý ϳñ·³õáñÙ³Ý, ÿ° г۳ëï³Ý-Âáõñùdz Û³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÙ ³éÏ³Û ÷³ÏáõÕÇÝ Û³Õóѳñ»Éáõ »õ Ýáñ Çñ³íÇ×³Ï ëï»ÕÍ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ºñ»õ³ÝÁ å¿ïù ¿ ¹ÇÙÇ ¹Çõ³Ý³·Çï³Ï³Ý ù³ÛÉ»ñÇ` ÁݹáõÝ»Éáí ѳݹ»ñÓ, áñ »°õ ²ÉÇ»õÁ, »°õ ¾ñïáÕ³ÝÁ å³ïñ³ëï ã»Ý µ³Ý³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ »õ ϳéáõóáÕ³Ï³Ý »ñÏËûëáõû³Ý: ²Ûëûñ µ³Ý³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ ë»Õ³ÝÇÝ ãÏ³Û ÷³ëï³ÃáõÕà ϳ٠ÏáÕÙ»ñÁ ÛÕáõÙ »Ý ³ÝáõÙ ÷³ëï³ÃÕÃÇ ï³ñµ»ñ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ (سïñÇﻳÝ, Üáñ³óáõ³Í, γ½³ÝÇ »õ ³ÛÉÝ): ²ÝÏ³Ë ïñáõáÕ ·Ý³Ñ³ï³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇó` سïñÇï»³Ý ÷³ëï³ÃáõÕÃÁ å³ñáõݳÏáõÙ ¿ ²ñó³ËÇ ÇÝùÝáñáßÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ Ûëï³Ï Ó»õ³Ï»ñåáõÙ, ÇÝãÇ å³ï׳éáí Ñ¿Ýó ³Û¹ ³é³ç³ñÏáõÃÇõÝÝ ³ÝÁݹáõÝ»ÉÇ ¿ ä³ùáõÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ºñµ ãÏ³Ý µ³Ý³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ, ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Ýñáõû³Ý ѳٳñ Ùáé³óõáõÙ ¿ ݳ»õ ²ñó³ËÇ ÇÝùÝáñáßÙ³Ý Çñ³õáõÝùÇ ³Ùñ³·ñáõÙÁ: ²ÝÏ³Ë µ³Ý³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ ÁÝóóùÇó »õ »ÉùÇó, ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÁ å¿ïù ¿ ³ÝÇ Ñݳñ³õáñÁ, áñå¿ë½Ç ÏñÏÇÝ ùÝݳñÏÙ³Ý ¹ñáõÇ ³ÛÝ ÷³ëï³ÃáõÕÃÁ, áñÝ ³Ùñ³·ñáõÙ ¿ ²ñó³ËÇ ÇÝùÝáñáßÙ³Ý Çñ³õáõÝùÁ: ²ñï³ùÇÝ ·áñÍ»ñÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñÝ»ñÇ »õ ݳ˳·³ÑÝ»ñÇ Ù³Ï³ñ¹³Ïáí ѳݹÇåáõÙÝ»ñÁ ϳñ»õáñ »Ý ݳ»õ Ýñ³Ýáí, áñ ¹ñ³Ýù ÏñÏÇÝ, ³ÝÏ³Ë ³ñ¹ÇõÝùÝ»ñÇó, ѳٻٳﳵ³ñ ѳݹ³ñï»óÝáõÙ »Ý Çñ³¹ñáõÃÇõÝÁ ѳÛ-³½ñå¿Û×³Ý³Ï³Ý ½ûñù»ñÇ ß÷Ù³Ý ·ÍáõÙ »õ Ýáõ³½»óÝáõÙ Ýáñ ½áÑ»ñÇ Ñ³õ³Ý³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ: г۳ëï³Ý-Âáõñùdz Û³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõÙ ·Ý¹³ÏÁ ÂáõñùdzÛÇ ¹³ßïáõÙ ¿, ù³ÝÇ áñ Ñ¿Ýó Ãáõñù³Ï³Ý ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÝ ¿ Ññ³Å³ñõáõÙ í³õ»ñ³óÝ»É 2009ÇÝ ëïáñ³·ñáõ³Í ³ñӳݳ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ: ºñϳñ³Å³ÙÏ¿ï Ïïñáõ³Íùáí, ë³Ï³ÛÝ, ³Ûë Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÁ ãÇ Ï³ñáÕ û·ï³Ï³ñ ÉÇÝ»É Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: лï»õ³µ³ñ ºñ»õ³ÝÁ ³Ûëï»Õ »õë å¿ïù ¿ Ýáñ ݳ˳ӻéÝáõû³Ý ¹ÇÙÇ: гëϳݳÉÇ ¿, áñ ºñ»õ³ÝÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ¹Åáõ³ñ ¿ Ññ³Å³ñáõ»É òÇõñÇË»³Ý ³ñӳݳ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇó, ù³ÝÇ áñ ³Û¹ ÷³ëï³ÃÕÃÇ ëï»ÕÍÙ³Ý ·áñÍáõÙ »Õ»É ¿ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Éáõñç Ý»ñ·ñ³õáõ³ÍáõÃÇõÝ: Î³Û Ý³»õ Ý»ñùÇÝ Ñ³Ý·³Ù³ÝùÁ: Ðñ³å³ñ³ÏÙ³Ý ûñáõ³ÝÇó г۳ëï³ÝÇ Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÃÇõÝÁ ÷áñÓ»É ¿ Ñ³Û Ñ³Ýñáõû³ÝÁ ѳÙá½»É, áñ ³Û¹ ÷³ëï³ÃÕÃáí г۳ëï³ÝÁ ëï³ó»É ¿ Ñݳñ³õáñ ³é³õ»É³·áÛÝÁ: лï»õ³µ³ñ Ñ¿Ýó ³ÛÝå¿ë ºñ»õ³ÝÁ ãÇ Ï³ñáÕ Ññ³Å³ñáõ»É ³Û¹ ÷³ëï³ÃÕÃÇó: Ðñ³Å³ñáõ»Éáí òÇõñÇË»³Ý ³ñӳݳ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÇ` ºñ»õ³ÝÁ å¿ïù ¿ ½áõ·³Ñ»é³µ³ñ Ýáñ ÷³Ã»Ãáí ݳ˳ӻéÝáõû³Ùµ ѳݹ¿ë ·³Û:
Û³ëï³ÝÇ Øáõë³ È»ñ³Ý Ûáõß³ñÓ³Ýóݷ³ñ³ÝÁ: ºÃ¿ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÁ Ý»ñ¿ÇÝ, ³Ûë ï³ñÇ Ù»Ýù ³éÇà åÇïÇ áõݻݳÛÇÝù ݳ»õ ³Ûó»É»Éáõ ²ÛÝ׳ñÇ Øáõë³ È»ñ³Ý óݷ³ñ³ÝÁ: ¼Çñ³ñ ³ÙµáÕç³óÝáÕ ³Ûë »ñÏáõ ѳõ³ù³ÍáÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç Ëï³óáõ³Í ÏÁ ÃáõÇ ÁÉÉ³É Øáõë³ È»ñ³Ý »õ ²ÛÝ׳ñÇ ÙûïÇÏ ³Ýó»³ÉÇ å³ïÙáõÃÇõÝÝ áõ Ùáõë³É»éóÇÇ Ñ³õ³ù³Ï³Ý Ï»ñå³ñÁ` Çñ Ù³ñïáõݳÏáõû³Ùµ, ïáÏáõÝáõû³Ùµ áõ ٳݳõ³°Ý¹ Ñݳñ³Ùïáõû³Ùµ, áõñ ¹ñë»õáñáõ³Í ¿ Çõñ³Û³ïáõÏ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ç ÙÁ ÙïùÇ ÉáÛëÝ áõ ëï»Õͳ·áñÍ á·ÇÝ:
Æõñ³Û³ïáõÏ ¿ »õ áõß³¹ñáõû³Ý ³ñųÝÇ Øáõë³ È»ñ³Ý ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý å³ñ³ñáõ»ëïÁ »õë: Þ³ñù ÙÁ å³ñ»Õ³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõ ÏáÕùÇÝ, Û³ïϳÝß³Ï³Ý »ñ»õáÛà ¿ Ù³ñï³Ï³Ý å³ñÁ (ã³ÉÙÁ ¹³ÝÏ¿Ý), áñ ¹³ßáÛÝÝ»ñáí ÏÁ å³ñáõÇ »õ ÇÝùݳå³ßïå³Ý³Ï³Ý ÏéÇõÇ ÏÁ ݳ˳å³ïñ³ëï¿ Ñ³Û ý»ï³ÛÇÝ áõ ½ÇÝáõáñÁ: Ƶñ»õ Ù³ñï³Ï³Ý å³ñ, ë³ëáõÝóÇÝ»ñ¿Ý »ïù, Ù»½Ç Û³ÛïÝÇ »ñÏñáñ¹Ý ¿ ³Ûë Ù¿ÏÁ, áñ µ³ñ»µ³Ëï³µ³ñ í»ñçÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõÝ Øáõë³ È»ñ³Ý ÙÇõë å³ñ»Õ³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõ ÏáÕùÇÝ ëÏë³Í ¿ ÅáÕáíñ¹³Ï³Ý³óáõÇÉ Ý³»õ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÇ Ù¿ç:
àõ ï³Ï³õÇÝ ³Ù»Ý³Ï³ñ»õáñÁ, Ùáõë³É»éóÇÝ»ñÁ, Û³ïϳå¿ë ²ÛÝ׳ñÇ, á·Ç Ç µéÇÝ Ï»Ý¹³ÝÇ áõ Ï»ÝëáõÝ³Ï ÏÁ å³Ñ»Ý Çñ»Ýó ëñµáõÃÇõÝ ëñµáóÁ` Øáõë³ È»ñ³Ý µ³ñµ³éÁ` Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ Ù»Í³·áÛÝ ·³ÝÓÁ: ÆÙ ëÇñ»ÉÇ áõ Û³ñ·³ñÅ³Ý ¹³ë³ËûëÝ»ñ¿ë, ÷ñáý. ¾¹ÇÏ ²Õ³Û»³ÝÁ ûñ ÙÁ ¹³ëÇ å³ÑáõÝ Ù¿çµ»ñ»ó ѳÝ׳ñ»Õ ²×³é»³ÝÇ íϳÛáõÃÇõÝÁ, áñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³Ó³ÛÝ, §ÞÝáñÑÇõ Ùáõë³É»éóÇÝ»ñáõÝ` ·ñ³µ³ñÁ ï³Ï³õÇÝ Ï'³åñǦ, ùë³Ý ѳ½³ñ Ùáõë³É»éóÇÝ»ñ ³Ûëûñ ÏÁ ËûëÇÝ ·ñ³µ³ñ»³Ý Ù¿Ï »Ýóµ³ñµ³éáí:
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Ð²Ú ¸äðàò
êïáñ»õ Ïáõ ï³Ýù ÐúØÇ ì³ñųñ³ÝÇ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñáõ Î³Õ³Ý¹Ç ÝÇõÃáí ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ¿Ý ÝÙáÛßÝ»ñ:
ä²ðκÞî βԲܸ ä²äàôÎ Ø»ñ ëÇñ»ÉÇ Î³Õ³Ý¹ ä³åáõÏ, àñ ÏÁ ëÇñ»ë ÓÇõݳ·Ý¹³Ï ÷³÷áõÏ, àñå¿ë½Ç áõñ³ËóÝ»ë ³Ýï¿ñ Ù³ÝáõÏ, ÎÁ ó³ïÏéï»ë ÇÝãå¿ë ÙÇ ÷áùñ Ù³ÝáõÏ:
Üàð î²ðÆ ºë ³Ýѳٵ»ñ ÏÁ ëå³ë»Ù, γճݹ ä³å³ÛÇÝ ·³ÉáõÝ, ÀÝï³ÝÇùáí ÏÁ ѳõ³ùáõÇÝù, Î'»ñ·»Ýù, ÏÁ å³ñ»Ýù, Ï'áõñ³Ë³Ý³Ýù:
Üàð î²ðÆ Þáõïáí Ïáõ ·³Û Üáñ î³ñÇÝ, ä¿ïù ¿ ÁÉɳÝù ÙÇßï µ³ñÇ, Î'áõ½»Ýù ÁÉÉ³Û ³éáÕç ï³ñÇ, àñ ³Ù¿Ý Ù³ñ¹ áõñ³Ë ³åñÇ:
ºñµ áñ ï³ñÇÝ í»ñç³Ý³Û, γճݹ ä³åáõÏÁ Ï'áõñ³Ë³Ý³Û, ´áÉáñÇÝ ï³Éáí ßáùáɳ ºõ ÓÇõÝÇÝ Ñ»ï Ï'³ÝÛ³Ûï³Ý³Û:
ÎÁ µ³Ý³Ýù ³Õáõáñ Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñÁ, ÎÁ ßÝáñѳõáñ»Ýù Çñ³ñáõ, ÆÝãå¿ë ݳ»õª γճݹ ä³åáõÏÁ, ²Ñ³, ³Ûëå¿ë ÏÁ ¹ÇÙ³õáñ»Ýù Üáñ î³ñÇÝ: ÈáõëÇÝ¿ ¶³Éóϻ³Ý 3²
γճݹ ä³å³Ý ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇ, àñ ˳ճÉÇùÝ»ñ µ»ñ¿ Ù»½Ç, Ø¿ÏÁ ã³ñ å¿ïù ã¿ ÁÉɳÛ, àñå¿ë½Ç ³Ù¿Ý Ù³ñ¹ Ýáõ¿ñ ëï³Ý³Û: è³½ÙÇÏ ÎÇõÉ¿ë¿ñ»³Ý 3²
êÇñ»ÉÇ Î³Õ³Ý¹ ä³å³, ºõ ³ÝáõßÇÏ Î³Õ³Ý¹ سٳ, ÎÁ Ëáëï³Ý³Ýù ÁÉÉ³É ÙÇßï ×ß·ñÇï, ºõ ËûëÇÉ Çñ³ñáõ Ñ»ï ÙÇßï ÏÇñÃ: êûÉ¿Û ²åï³É»³Ý 3´ Üàð î²ðÆ ²Ñ³ »Ï³õ Ýáñ ï³ñÇÝ, Æñ Ñ»ï µ»ñ³õ Ýáñ µ³ñÇÝ£ Ðñ³ÙÙ»ó¿¯ù Ù»ñ ïáõÝÁ ïûÝ»Ýù, ²Ûë ëÇñ»ÉÇ Ýáñ ï³ñÇÝ: Üáñ ï³ñáõ³Û ѳٳñ ËÙ»Ýù, å³ñ»Ýù, гÙáí Ùñ·»ñ, Ýáõß»ñ áõï»Ýù, àõñ³Ë-áõñ³Ë Ù³ÕûÝù, àõñ³Ë ϳճݹ ÙÁ ïûÝ»Ýù: êÛáõ½Ç ¶Ûáõݳ߻³Ý 3´ βԲܸ ²Ñ³ »Ï³õ γճݹ ä³å³Ý, Ø»½Ç Ýáñ¿Ý Ýáõ¿ñ µ»ñ³õ, àõñ³Ë ûñ»ñ Ýáñ¿Ý »Ï³Ý, ºÏ¿ù ÙdzëÇÝ ïûÝ»Ýù γճݹ: Ðñ³õÇñ»Ýù Ùûñ³ùáÛñ »õ Ùûñ»Õµ³Ûñ, Ðûñ³ùáÛñ »õ Ñûñ»Õµ³Ûñ, Ø»Í Ù³Ûñ áõ Ù»Í Ñ³Ûñ, ¼³ñÙÇÏÝ»ñ »õ ½³ñÙÇÏÝ»ñ: ºÏ¿ù ¹áõñë »ñóÝù áõ ˳ճÝù, ÞÇÝ»Ýù Ù»Í ÓÇõݻٳñ¹, ¶ÉáñÇÝù ÓÇõÝÇÝ Ù¿ç, ºõ ï»ëÝ»Ýù DZÝã Ù»½Ç åÇïÇ ´»ñ¿ γճݹ ä³å³Ý:
βԲܸ Ø»½Ç γճݹ ä³å³Ý »Ï³õ, ²Ý Ýáñ Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñ µ»ñ³õ, г·áõëï, ˳ճÉÇù »õ ß³ï Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñ µ»ñ³õ, ´³Ûóª ٳݳõ³Ý¹ ³Õáõáñ ·Çñù»ñ: ´áÉáñë ѳÙáí ×³ß åÇïÇ áõï»Ýù, ¶áõݳõáñ ÙáÙ»ñ ë»Õ³ÝÇ íñ³Û åÇïÇ ¹Ý»Ýù, Ø»Ýù áõñ³Ë ûñ åÇïÇ áõݻݳÝù, àñ »ñç³ÝÇÏ ï³ñÇ ÁÉɳÛ: ¾ÙÙ³ ²½³ï»³Ý 3²
Üàð î²ðÆÜ Üáñ î³ñÇÝ ¿, Üáñ î³ñÇÝ, ²Ñ³ »Ï³õ Üáñ î³ñÇÝ, îճݻñáõÝ ï³µ³ï µ»ñ³õ, ²ÕçÇÏÝ»ñáõÝ ³É ÷¿ß µ»ñ³õ:
ê»õ³Ý ê³·Ç 3²
Üàð î²ðÆ ÎñÏÇÝ »Ï³õ Üáñ î³ñÇÝ, лïÁ µ»ñ³õ ÓÇõÝ áõ ù³ÙÇÝ, ´»ñ³õ óáõñïÁ ³Ýï³Ý»ÉÇ, ´áÉáñ ͳé»ñÁ Ù»ñϳó³Ý ÏñÏÇÝ:
Üáõ¿ñÝ»ñ ÏÁ µ³Ý³Ýù, àñå¿ë½Ç áõñ³Ë³Ý³Ýù, Ø¿Ï-Ù¿Ï ÏÁ Ååï³Ýù, γճݹ ä³å³Ý ÏÁ ï»ëÝ»Ýù:
´³Ûóª ãÙáéݳ¯Ýù Çñ Ñ»ï µ»ñ³õ Ýáñ¿Ý, Ð³Ù»Õ Ãáõ½, Ýáõß áõ ϳÕÇÝ, ´»ñ³õ Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñ ³é³ï, àñ ³Ù¿Ýùë áõñ³Ë³Ý³Ýù: ܳñÇÝ¿ Âáñáë»³Ý 3´
î³ñûÝ Ø³ÝáõÏ»³Ý 3²
Üàð î²ðÆ ²ñ¹¿Ý Ùûï ¿ Üáñ î³ñÇÝ, àõñ³ËáõÃÇõÝ ¿ µáÉáñÇÝ: ²Ýѳٵ»ñ ÏÁ ëå³ë»Ýù, î³ÝÁ Ù»ñ Ù»Í Ñûñ »õ Ù»Í Ñûñ: ²ÕûÃùÝ ¿ Ù»ñ ³Ûë ï³ñÇ, ø»½ Ñ»ï µ»ñ»ë ³ß˳ñÑÇ, ºñç³ÝÏáõÃÇõÝ, ѳݹ³ñïáõÃÇõÝ, ºõ ѳÛñ»ÝÇùÇë ˳ճÕáõÃÇõÝ:
ÎÁ ¹Çï»Ýù Ù»ñ Ï³Õ³Ý¹Ç Í³éÁ, î³ÏÁ Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñáí ³é³ï, ¶áõݳõáñ ÉáÛë»ñáí ÷³ÛÉáõÝ, î»ë³Ï-ï»ë³Ï ˳ճÉÇùÝ»ñáí ëÇñáõÝ: ÈáñÇ ê³ÕïÁ×»³Ý 3²
ºÏ¿°ù ³Ûëûñ ¹ÇÙ³õáñ»Ýù, Ødzëݳµ³ñ µ³ñÓñ³Ó³ÛÝ Ù³ÕûÝù, Ø»Í áõ ÷áùñ Ó»éù-Ó»éùÇ, ÞÝáñѳõáñ Üáñ î³ñÇ: îÇ·ñ³Ý ÞÇßáÛ»³Ý 3²
βԲܸ γճݹ ¿, γճݹ, áõñ³ËáõÃÇõÝ ³Ù¿Ý ûñ, ä½ïÇÏ áõ Ù»Í ³Ýѳٵ»ñ ÏÁ ëå³ë»Ý Ï³Õ³Ý¹Ç ûñáõ³Ý ·É˳õáñ, ²Ù¿Ý ïûÝ³Í³é ½³ñ¹³ñáõ³Í ß³ï ³ÝáõßÇÏ ·áÛÝ»ñáí, ºõ ï³ÏÝ ³É ß³ï-ß³ï ³ÝáõßÇÏ Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñáí:
βԲܸ γճݹ ä³å³, γճݹ ä³å³, à±õñ ÙݳóÇñ γճݹ ä³å³, ¶Çß»ñ »Õ³õ »õ Ù»Ýù ³Ýѳٵ»ñ ÏÁ ëå³ë»Ýù:
γճݹ å³åáõÏ ßáõï »Ïáõñ ³Ù¿Ý Ù³ñ¹áõÝ Ýáõ¿ñ ïáõñ, γà »õ ßáùáɳ å³ïñ³ëïáõ³Í ù»½Ç ѳٳñ, ²Ù¿Ý ³Ù¿Ý ïûݳͳé»ñ ½³ñ¹³ñáõ³Í ù»½Ç ѳٳñ, Ø¿Ï Ñ³ñóáõÙ ù»½Ç. §º±ñµ Ïáõ ·³ë ¹áõÝ Ù»ñ ïáõݦ: êûýÇ Ú³Ïáµ»³Ý 3²
ä½ïÇÏÝ»ñ ³Ýѳٵ»ñ, Ðݳ½³Ý¹ áõ ³ß˳ï³ë¿ñ, ÎÁ ëå³ë»Ý γճݹ ä³å³Ý, àñ ÏÁ µ»ñ¿ Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñ ³Ñ³·ÇÝ:
Üàð î²ðÆ ºñµ ÓÇõÝÁ ÏÁ ï»Õ³Û, ä½ïÇÏÝ»ñÁ ¹áõñë Ï'»ñóÝ, ÀÝÏ»ñ ï»ëÝ»Éáõ, Üáñ î³ñÇÝ ïûÝ»Éáõ:
ÀÝï³ÝÇùÇ Ñ»ï ÙdzëÇÝ, Üáñ î³ñÇÝ ÏÁ ¹ÇÙ³õáñ»Ýù, Ò»éù-Ó»éùÇ µéݳÍ, ²ëïáõÍáÛ ÷³éù Ïáõ ï³Ýù:
ȳñ³ ¶ñáõ· 3²
βԲܸ ²Ù¿Ý ï³ñÇ Î³Õ³Ý¹ Ïáõ ·³Û, Ø»ñ ïáõÝ»ñÁ ½³ñ¹³ñáõ³Í, ÞáõϳݻñÁ ½³ñ¹³ñáõ³Í, Ö³Ùµ³Ý»ñÁ ÉáÛë»ñáí ÷³ÛÉáõÝ:
²ß˳ñÑÇÝ ³Ù¿Ý ÏáÕÙ¿Ý, öáùñÇÏÝ»ñ ÏÁ ëå³ë»Ý Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñáõ ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñ, ʳճÉÇùÝ»ñ, åáõåñÇÏÝ»ñ, ·Çñù»ñ, ·Ý¹³ÏÝ»ñ, î»ë³Ï-ï»ë³Ï ˳ճÉÇùÝ»ñ: γà áõ ³Ýáõß, Î'»ñ³½»Ýù, áñ ³éïáõ ÁÉɳÛ, ²ñ³·-³ñ³· »Ïáõñ, γճݹ ä³å³: ê»õ³Ï ¶³Ñáõ¿×»³Ý 3²
Üàð î²ðÆ Üáñ î³ñÇÝ »ñµ áñ ·³Û, ²Ù¿Ý Ù³ñ¹ Ï'áõñ³Ë³Ý³Û, гñ³½³ïÝ»ñ ùáõ ïáõݹ Ïáõ ·³Ý, àñ Üáñ î³ñÇÝ áõñ³Ë ïûÝ»Ý:
Üàð î²ðÆ î»ëÝ»Éáí Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñ ïûݳͳéÇÝ ï³Ï, ÎÁ ÷áñÓ»Ù ÁÉÉ³É µ³ñÇ, Ñݳ½³Ý¹, ¸Çï»Éáí ÉáÛë»ñÁ »õ ³ëïÕ»ñÁ ÷³ÛÉáõÝ, ÎÁ Ù³Õû٠µáÉáñÇÝ µ³ñÇ Î³Õ³Ý¹:
Üáñ î³ñÇÝ ÙdzÛÝ Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñáõ ѳٳñ ã¿, ²ÛÉ áõñ³Ëáõû³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ¿, ºÃ¿ áõñ³ËáõÃÇõÝ ãϳÛ, Üáñ î³ñÇÝ ¹Åáõ³ñ Ï'ÁÉɳÛ: ܳóÉÇ ²ñÃÇÝ»³Ý 3²
γճݹÁ ÙdzÛÝ áõñ³Ëáõû³Ý ûñ ã¿, ²ÛÉ Ý³»õª áõñÇßÝ»ñáõÝ áõñ³Ë³óÝ»Éáõ ûñ ¿, γճݹÁ µáÉáñÇÝ µ³ñÇù ÏÁ µ»ñ¿, îûÝ³Ï³Ý áõñ³Ë ÙÃÝáÉáñ ÏÁ ëï»ÕÍ¿: ê³ñÇÝ ²ñÃÇÝ»³Ý 3²
Êܸð²Üø βԲܸ ä²äàôÎ¾Ü ºë γճݹ ä³åáõÏ¿Ý ÏÁ Ëݹñ»Ù åáõåñÇÏÇë ѳٳñ ѳ·áõëïÝ»ñ, Ï'áõ½»Ù Ýáñ å³Ûáõë³Ï, ѳۻñ¿Ý »õ ³Ý·É»ñ¿Ý ·Çñù»ñ »õ ã»Ù Ùáéݳñ áõ½»É ˳ճÕáõÃÇõÝ ³ÙµáÕç ³ß˳ñÑÇÝ: ºñµ γճݹ ä³åáõÏÁ ·³Û, »ë ÇÙ »Õµûñë Ñ»ï Ï'»ñ·»Ù »õ Ï'³ñï³ë³Ý»Ù: ²Û¹ ûñÁ ³Ýѳٵ»ñ ÏÁ ëå³ë»Ù ÙÇÝã»õ ųÙÁ 12:00 ÁÉÉ³Û »õ ÏÁ ëÏëÇÙ Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñë áõñ³Ë µ³Ý³Éáõ: Þ³ï Ï'áõ½»Ù ϳճݹ å³åáõÏ¿Ý, áñ ³Ûë γճݹÇÝ ÇÙ Ù»Í Ù³Ûñë »õ Ù»Í Ñ³Ûñë ·³Ý ÂáñáÝÃû, áñ ÙdzëÇÝ ³ÝóÝ»Ýù γճݹÁ: ÈÇÉÇà ²ñÃÇÝ»³Ý 3´ ܲزΠβԲܸ ä²ä²ÚÆÜ Î³Õ³Ý¹ ä³å³ ëÇñ»ÉÇ, ÆÝÓ µ»ñ Ýáõ¿ñ ïáåñ³Ïáí ÉÇ, ÎÁ Ëáëï³Ý³Ù ɳõ ³ÝÓ ÁÉɳÉ, àõï»É¿Ý ³é³ç Ó»éù»ñë Éáõ³É: ÆÙ áõ½³Í Ýáõ¿ñë ß³ï ·Çñù»ñ »Ý, àñáíÑ»ï»õ ß³ï ÁÝûñó³ë¿ñ »Ù, Úáõë³Ù áõ½³Í Ýáõ¿ñë µ»ñ»ë, àñ »ë ÙÇßï ù»½ ÛÇß»Ù: îÇ·ñ³Ý Ô³½³ñ»³Ý 3´ Üàð î²ðÆ ²ß˳ñÑÝ ³ÙµáÕç Üáñ î³ñÇÝ ÏÁ ïûÝ¿, ²ñÃáõÝ ÏÁ ÙݳÝù ÙÇÝã»õ ³éïáõ, Æñ³ñáõ ÏÁ Ù³ÕûÝù §ÞÝáñѳõáñ Üáñ î³ñǦ: ÀÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñÁ ÙdzëÇÝ ÏÁ ѳõ³ùáõÇÝ, Ð³Ù»Õ Ï»ñ³ÏáõñÝ»ñ Ï'áõï»Ý áõ ù¿ý Ï'ÁÝ»Ý: ¸»Ïï»Ùµ»ñ »ñ»ëáõÝ Ù¿ÏÁ ÏÁ ÙûïÝ»³Û, ºõ ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇÝù Üáñ î³ñÇÝ ïûÝ»Éáõ, Ødzëݳµ³ñ ³ÕûÃù ÁÝ»Éáõ, àõ Û³çáÕ ï³ñÇ ÙÁ Ù³ÕûÉáõ: ¸³ÝÇ¿É Î³ñ³å»ï»³Ý 3´ ܲزΠβԲܸ ä²ä²ÚÆÜ Î³Õ³Ý¹ ä³å³Ý Ïáõ ·³Û ßáõïáí, àñ Ù»½Ç µ»ñ¿ ·Çñù áõ ï»ïñ³Ï, Þáõñçå³ñ ϳ½Ù»Ýù »õ ß³ï áõñ³Ë-áõñ³Ë å³ñ»Ýù: Ø»Ýù ß³ï áõñ³Ë »Ýù, àñ ßáõïáí ·³ë γճݹ ä³å³, ºõ ¹áõÝ ÙÇßï ³éáÕç Ùݳë:
æ¿ëÇù³ ´áß»³Ý 3´
15
¸ºÎîºØ´ºð 2015 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 122
Ð²Ú Èº¼àô
Ð³Û È»½áõÇ ¶áñͳͳϳÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ð³ýýÇ ê³ñ·Ç뻳Ý
ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ù¿ç ë³Ï³õ »Ý ³ÛÝ ·³ÕáõÃÝ»ñÁ, áõñ Ñ³Û É»½áõÝ áõ Ùß³ÏáÛÃÁ ³é³Ýó ×Ç·Ç ÏÁ ÙÝ³Û ·áñÍ³Í³Ï³Ý ³ÝÓÇ ÙÁ ³éûñ»³ÛÇÝ Ù¿ç: Àë»É Ï'áõ½»Ù, ÿ ÁݹѳÝñ³å¿ë, ë÷Çõéù»³Ý ·³ÕáõÃÝ»ñ¿ Ý»ñë, Ñ³Û ÙÁ Çñ ûñÁ ÏñÝ³Û ³ÝóÁÝ»É ³éѳë³ñ³Ï ³é³Ýó ѳۻñ¿Ý Ëûë»Éáõ å¿ïùÁ ½·³Éáõ »õ ϳ٠·áñͳͻÉáõ ³éÇÃÁ áõݻݳÉáõ: ƱÝã Ï'ÁÉÉ³Û »ñµ É»½áõÝ ã·áñͳÍáõÇ: ÆÝãå¿ë Û³×³Ë §²ñ³µ»ñ¿Ýë ÏÁ Ùáéݳ٦ݻñÁ ÏÁ Éë»Ù ØÇçÇÝ ³²ñ»õ»Éù¿Ý »ÏáÕÝ»ñ¿Ý, ¶³Ý³ï³ ѳëï³ïáõ»É¿ ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ ï³ñÇÝ»ñ »ïùª ÝáÛÝÁ ÏÁ Éë»Ýù ѳۻñ¿ÝÇ Ù³ëÇÝ, »ñµ É»½áõÝ ·áñÍÝ³Ï³Ý ÁÉɳɿ ÏÁ ¹³¹ñÇ ³ÝÓÇ ÙÁ ѳٳñ: Ð³Û É»½áõÝ Ñ³ñϳõáñ ¿ ·áñÍ³Í³Ï³Ý å³Ñ»É: ²Ûë ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇÝ Ù¿ç ϳñ»õáñ ¹»ñ³Ï³ï³ñÝ»ñÝ »Ý ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, ¹åñáóÝ»ñÝ áõ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñÁ: ²ñ¹»ûù »±ñµ ¿, áñ É»½áõÝ ÏÁ ¹³¹ñÇ ·áñÍ³Í³Ï³Ý ÁÉɳɿ ³ÝÓÇ ÙÁ ѳٳñ: ºñµ ³ÝÓ ÙÁ, Ï³Ù³Û Ã¿ ³Ï³Ù³Û, ³ÛÉ»õë å¿ïùÁ ã'½·³ñ ·áñͳͻÉáõ Çñ Ù³Ûñ»ÝÇ É»½áõÝ »õ Çñ ³éûñ»³Ý Ï'³ÝóÝ¿ ³é³Ýó Ëûë»Éáõ, ·ñ»Éáõ ϳ٠ϳñ¹³Éáõ ³Û¹ É»½áõáí. ³Û¹å¿ë É»½áõÇ ·áñÍݳϳÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ÏÁ ¹³¹ñÇ: ²Ûë Ù¿ÏÁ ï»ÕÇ Ï'áõÝ»Ý³Û ³ÝÓÇ ÙÁ Ï»³ÝùÇÝ ï³ñµ»ñ ѳݷñáõ³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ »õ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç: úñÇݳϪ ÛÇß»Ýù »ñÏáõ í³Ûñ»ñ, áñáÝù ³ÝÓÇù ³Ù»Ý³ß³ïÁ ÏÁ ۳׳˻Ý.
¸åñáó³Ï³Ý λ³Ýù
гÛÏ³Ï³Ý ¹åñáó ۳׳ËáÕ ³ß³Ï»ñïÁ ÷³ëïûñ¿Ý ³õ»ÉÇ Û³×³Ë åÇïÇ ·áñͳͿ Ëûë³Ïó³Ï³Ý »õ ·ñ³Ï³Ý ѳۻñ¿ÝÁ, ù³ÝÇ áñ ¹åñáó³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ÇñÁ ³Û¹ ÏÁ å³Ñ³Ýç¿: ¸åñáó¿Ý Ý»ñë ³Ý ÏÁ ëáñíÇ »õ ÏÁ ·áñͳͿ É»½áõÝ, Ýáõ³½³·áÛÝÁ ·áÝ¿ ѳۻñ¿ÝÇ å³Ñ»ñáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ, áñ ¹³ñÓ»³É ϳ˻³É ¿ ³ß³Ï»ñï¿Ý, ï³ñÇù¿Ý »õ ¹åñáóÇ í³Ûñ¿Ý: ²ÛëÇÝùݪ áñáß ï³ñÇùÝ»ñáõ ³õ»ÉÇ Å³Ù ÏÁ ïñ³Ù³¹ñáõÇ Ñ³Û»ñ¿ÝÇÝ »õ Ñ»ï½Ñ»ï¿ ÏÁ Ýáõ³½Ç, »ñµ ï»Õ³Ï³Ý É»½áõÝ ÏÁ ëÏëÇ ³õ»ÉÇ Í³Ýñ³Ý³É ï»Õ³Ï³Ý ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ñÇ å³ï׳é³õ. ÆëÏ áñáß ù³Õ³ùÝ»ñáõ ï»Õ³Ï³Ý ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ñÇ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÁ ³õ»ÉÇ å³Ñ³ÝçÏáï »Ý ù³Ýª ³ÛÉ ù³Õ³ùÝ»ñáõÝÁ: ÆÝãå¿ë Ýϳï³Í »Ýù, Ñ»ï½Ñ»ï¿ ѳۻñ¿Ý É»½áõÇ ·áñͳÍáõÃÇõÝÁ ï³Ý Ù¿ç ³É ÏÁ Ýáõ³½Ç, Ñ»ï»õ³µ³ñ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý í³ñųñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ ·áñÍÁ Ñ»ï½Ñ»ï¿ ÏÁ ¹Åáõ³ñ³Ý³Û£ ²Ûë å³ñ³·³ÛÇÝ É³õ³·áÛÝ ³éÇÃÝ»ñÁ
ѳۻñ¿ÝÁ å³Ñ»Éáõª ³õ»ÉÇ Û³×³Ë Ã³ï»ñ³Ï³Ý »õ ѳٻñ·Ý»ñáõ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõÙÝ»ñáõ ϳ½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÙÝ ¿: àñù³Ý ¹Åáõ³ñ ³ß˳ï³Ýù ¿ ³Ûë, ѳõ³ï³ó¿°ù, ٳݳõ³Ý¹ »ñµ Ñ³Û ÍÝáÕÁ, áñ Çñ ½³õÏÇÝ ³Ù¿Ý¿Ý ûñÇݳϻÉÇ ³ÝÓÝ ¿, Çñ ½³õÏÇÝ Ñ»ï ³ÛÉ É»½áõáí ÏÁ ѳÕáñ¹³ÏóÇ: ²ÙµáÕç ûñÁ Ñ³Û áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñÁ ç³Ýù ÏÁ ó÷»Ý, áñå¿ë½Ç Ñ³Û É»½áõÝ ³åñ»óÝ»Ý ³ß³Ï»ñïÇÝ Ù¿ç »õ µáÉáñ ³Û¹ ç³Ýù»ñÁ Ç ½áõñ »Ý, »ñµ Ñ³Û ÍÝáÕÁ §Ñ³ÛÁ ѳÛáõÝ Ñ»ï ѳۻñ¿Ý ÏÁ ËûëǦ ϳñ·³ËûëÇÝ Ñ³Ï³é³Ï Ï'³ß˳ïÇ:
îáõÝ »õ ÀÝï³ÝÇù
ê÷ÇõéùÇ Ù¿ç, ïáõÝÁ ÏÁ Ý»ñÏ³Û³Ý³Û áñå¿ë Ñ³Û É»½áõÝ å³Ñ»Éáõ í»ñçÇÝ ×³Ï³ïÁ: Ðáë ¿, áõñ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ¹åñáó ãÛ³×³Ë³Í Ï³Ù ³ÝÏ¿ ßñç³Ý³õ³ñï ³ß³Ï»ñïÁ ³éÇÃÁ Ï'áõÝ»Ý³Û Ù³Ûñ»ÝÇ É»½áõÝ ëáñí»Éáõ, ½³ñ·³óÝ»Éáõ »õ ·áñÍ³Í³Ï³Ý å³Ñ»Éáõ: Ðáë ¿, áõñ ·áñÍÇ ·³óáÕ ÍÝáÕÁ ³éÇÃÁ áõÝÇ Çñ É»½áõÝ ·áñͳͻÉáõ, »ñµ ïáõÝ Ñ³ëÝÇ Çñ ³ß˳ï³í³Ûñ¿Ý: à±ñ É»½áõáí ÏÁ å³ïÙ»Ýù Çñ³ñáõ Ù»ñ ³éûñ»³ÛÇÝ Ù³ëÇÝ, á±ñ É»½áõÝ ÏÁ ËûëÇÝù ׳ßÇ ë»Õ³ÝÇÝ ßáõñç, á±ñ É»½áõáí í³ñÅ»óáõó³Í »Ýù, áñ Ù»ñ ½³õ³ÏÝ»ñÁ ϳ٠ÏáÕ³ÏÇóÝ»ñÁ Ù»½Ç Ñ»ï ѳÕáñ¹³ÏóÇÝ, á±ñ É»½áõÇ »ñ·»ñÁ »õ Ùß³ÏáÛÃÁ ÏÁ ·»ñ³½³Ýó¿ Ù»ñ ï³Ý Ù¿ç: ²Ûá°, Ñ³Û É»½áõÇ ÷ËñáõÝ ×³Ï³ï³·ÇñÁ ë÷ÇõéùÇ Ù¿ç »ÝÃ³Ï³Û ¿ Ñ³Û ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ í×é³Ï³Ý áñáßáõÙÝ»ñáõÝ: Ð³Û ÍÝáÕÁ ÏñÝ³Û Ý»ñÏ³Û³Ý³É áñå¿ë Ñ³Û É»½áõÇ å³Ñå³ÝÙ³Ý ç³ï³·áíÁ, ³å³ Ýå³ëï»É ³Ýáñ í»ñ»ÉùÇÝ, »Ã¿ áõ½¿: ²Ýßáõßï ï³Ý Ù¿ç ³É ï³ñµ»ñ ïáõ»³ÉÝ»ñ ϳÝ, áñáÝóÙ¿ ϳ˻³É ¿ ѳۻñ¿ÝÇ å³Ñå³ÝáõÙÁ. ûñÇݳϪ ˳éÝ Ï³Ù áã-˳éÝ ³ÙáõëÝáõÃÇõÝÁ, ÍÝáÕùÇ Ñ³Û»ñ¿ÝÇ ÇÙ³óáõû³Ý ٳϳñ¹³ÏÁ, ÍÝáÕùÇ ÍÝ»³É í³ÛñÁ, Ù»Í ÍÝáÕÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñϳÛáõÃÇõÝÁ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ Ù¿ç »õ ³½¹»óáõÃÇõÝÁ ³Ýáñ íñ³Û: Ú³×³Ë ÏñÝ³Û ÍÝáÕù ÙÁ Ñ³Û ÁÉɳÉ, µ³Ûó ï³Ý Ù¿ç ѳۻñ¿Ý ã·áñÍ³Í»Ý Ï³Ù Ë³éÝ ³ÙáõëÝáõÃÇõÝ ·áÛáõÃÇõÝ áõÝ»Ý³Û µ³Ûó ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»Ý³Û Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý Ëûë»Éáõ ³éÇÃÝ»ñ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ Ñ³Û»ñ¿ÝÇ å³Ñå³ÝÙ³Ý áñáßáõÙÁ ÁݹѳÝñ³å¿ë ϳ˻³É ¿ ÍÝáÕùÇ Ñ³Û»óáÕáõûݿÝ: ºÃ¿ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÁ ³é³çݳѻñà ãÝϳï»Ý ѳۻóÇ ¹³ëïdzñ³ÏáõÃÇõÝÁ, ï³Ý Ù¿ç ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÙÃÝáÉáñï ëï»ÕÍ»ÉÁ »õ ѳۻñ¿Ý ËûëÇÉ, ·ñ»É »õ ϳñ¹³Éáõ ³ñÅ¿ùÁ, ɳõ³·áÛÝ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý í³ñųñ³Ý ۳׳ËáÕ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ ³Ý·³Ù Çñ ëáñí³ÍÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ÙáéÝ³Û ßñç³Ý³-
βԲܸ ºë γճݹ ä³å³Ý ß³ï ÏÁ ëÇñ»Ù, àñáíÑ»ï»õ Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñ Ïáõ ï³Û, γճݹ ä³å³, γճݹ ä³å³: ´³Ûó ÇÙ ³Ù¿Ý¿Ý ß³ï ëÇñ³Í µ³ÝÁ, ºñµ ÇÙ ÁÝï³ÝÇùë ÏÁ ÙdzݳÛ, ºõ ÙdzëÇÝ Ï'áõñ³Ë³Ý³Ýù:
Üàð î²ðÆ Üáñ î³ñÇ, Üáñ î³ñÇ, ÆÙ ëÇñáõÝÇÏ Üáñ î³ñÇ,
êï»Õͳ·áñÍ»É Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ýáíª ³å³ ³åñ»óÝ»É É»½áõÝ
ø»½Ç Ñ»ï µ»ñ γճݹ ä³åáõÏÁ, Þ³ÉÏ³Í Ýáõ¿ñÝ»ñ µ³Ûó ٳݳõ³Ý¹ ïûݳͳéÁ: Èdz ØÇñ½³Û»³Ý 3´ ä»ñ×-²ñÙ¿Ý 3´
ƽ³å¿Éɳ âáɳù»³Ý 3´
ï»Éáí: ä¿ïù ¿ ë»ñï»É, áñáᯐ »õ ³Ù¿Ý¿Ý ϳñ»õáñÁª ·áñͳ¹ñ»É: гÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ ϳñ»õáñ ³éÇÃÁ áõÝÇÝ É»½áõÝ í»ñ³Í»Éáõ ·áñͳͳϳÝ: ÀÉÉ³Û Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ, Ù³ñ½³Ï³Ý, ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ, »Ï»Õ»ó³Ï³Ý, ëϳáõï³Ï³Ý ϳ٠ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý Ï»³ÝùÇ Ù¿ç, ѳñϳõáñ ¿ ëï»ÕÍ»É ³ÛÝåÇëÇ ÙÇç³í³Ûñ, áõñ ѳÛÁ ³éÇà áõÝ»Ý³Û »õ ³ï»ÝÝ»ñ ëïÇåáõ³Í ÁÉÉ³Û ëáñí»Éáõ, ·áñͳͻÉáõ »õ ½³ñ·³óÝ»Éáõ É»½áõÝ: ÄáÕáíÝ»ñÁ í³ñ»É ѳۻñ¿Ýáí, ѳۻñ¿Ý »ñ³ÅßïáõÃÇõÝÁ ïÇñ¿ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ñ³õ³ùÝ»ñáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ (ÇÝãáõ 㿠ٻݳßÝáñÑ ÁÉɳÛ), ÇëÏ ¹³ëïdzñ³Ïã³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÁ, óáõóÙáõÝùÝ»ñÁ, ù³ç³É»ñ³Ï³Ý Ëûëù»ñÁ, ù³ñá½Ý»ñÁ, µáÉáñÁ å³Ñ»É ѳۻñ¿Ýáí: ºÃ¿ Ù³ëݳÏóáÕÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç Ï³Ý ³ÝÓ»ñ, áñáÝù É»½áõÇÝ Í³Ýûà ã»Ý, å¿ïù ¿ ÙÇçáó áñ¹»·ñ»É »õ ³éÇÃÁ ëï»ÕÍ»É, áñå¿ë½Ç ³ÝáÝù ³É ëáñíÇÝ: Ø»ñ Ýå³ï³ÏÁ Ñ³Û É»½áõÇ Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÁ Ù»ñ ·³ÕáõÃÝ»ñ¿Ý Ý»ñë å³Ñ»ÉÝ ¿ áõ ½³ñ·³óÝ»É »õ áã ÿ ½Çݳó÷áõÇÉ áõ Û³ÝÓÝáõÇÉ Ñáë³ÝùÇÝ: úñÇݳϪ ¹åñáóÝ»ñ å¿ïù ¿ ϳéáõó»Ýù, áã ÿ ³ñïûÝ»Ýù áñ ÷³ÏáõÇÝ. å¿ïù ¿ Ù»Í ½áÑáÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáí å³Ñ»Ýù Ù»ñ Ùß³ÏáõóÛÇÝ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁª ÇÝãå¿ë »ñ·ã³ËáõÙµ»ñÁ »õ å³ñ³ËáõÙµ»ñÁ »õ áã ÿ ËáãÁݹáïÝ»ñáõ ¹ÇÙ³ó Ù»ñ íǽ»ñÁ Íé³Íª å³ñïáõÇÝù: Ú³ÝáõÝ Ù»ñ É»½áõÇ »õ Ùß³ÏáÛÃÇ ·áÛ³ï»õÙ³Ý å¿ïù ¿ å³Ûù³ñÇÝù: ÆÝãå¿ë Ù»Ýù ݳËáñ¹ ë»ñáõݹ¿Ý, í³ÕÁª ·³ÉÇù ë»ñáõݹÁ Ù»½Ù¿ ѳßÇõ åÇïÇ å³Ñ³Ýç¿, ÇÝãåÇëDZ Ïï³Ï åÇïÇ Û³ÝÓÝ»Ýù: ºñµ ûñ ÙÁ Ù»ñ í³ñųñ³ÝÇ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñáõÝ Ñ³ñó ïáõÇ Ã¿ ÇÝãá±õ ϳñ»õáñ ¿ Ù»ñ ³Ýó»³ÉÁ ÛÇß»É, Ñ³Û É»½áõÝ å³Ñ»É, Ù»ñ ùñÇëïáÝ¿³Ï³Ý ѳõ³ïùÇÝ ³Ùáõñ ϳéãÇÉ, »ñÏñáñ¹ ¹³ë³ñ³ÝÇ ³ß³Ï»ñï ÙÁ å³ï³ë˳ݻó. §ä³ñáÝ ð³ýýÇ, ³Ù¿Ý Ù¿Ï Ñ³Û ×ñ³· ÙÁÝ ¿, »õ »ñµ ãå³Ñ»Ýù Ù»ñ å³ïÙáõÃÇõÝÁ, É»½áõÝ »õ ѳõ³ïùÁ ³Û¹ ×ñ³·Ý»ñÁ ÏÁ Ù³ñÇÝ »õ ÏÁ ÙݳÝù ÙáõÃÇÝ Ù¿ç¦: ²Ûë ³ß³Ï»ñïÁ Çñ ÷áùñ ѳë³ÏÇÝ Ïñó³Í ¿ñ ÁÙµéÝ»É ·³Õ³÷³ñ ÙÁ, áñ Ù»ñ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ç ѳëáõÝ ï³ññ¿Ý áÙ³Ýù ÏÁ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»Ý ³Ýï»ë»É: àõñ»ÙÝ ×ñ³·Ý»ñ í³é»Ýù ÙdzëÇÝ, áñå¿ë½Ç ãÙݳÝù ÙáõÃÇÝ Ù¿ç:
ºñµ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹ ÙÁ ÏÁ ¹³¹ñÇ Çñ É»½áõáí ·ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝ Ù߳ϻɿ ϳ٠ëï»Õͳ·áñͻɿ, ³Û¹ É»½áõÝ ³ñ¹¿Ý ³ÝÏÙ³Ý Ù¿ç ¿: Üáñ ·ñ³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý ϳ٠ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ Ýáõ³½áõÙ ï»ÕÇ Ï'áõݻݳÛ, »ñµ Ýáñ ë»ñáõݹÁ ϳ٠ÇÝùݳíëï³Ñ ã°½·³ñ ³Û¹ É»½áõáí ³ñï³Û³Ûïáõ»Éáõ, ϳ٠³É ÏÁ ѳõ³ï³Û ³õ»ÉÇ ÁݹáõÝ»ÉáõÃÇõÝ ·ï³Í É»½áõáí ÙÁ ³ñï³Û³Ûïáõ»Éáõ ϳ٠ëï»Õͳ·áñÍ»Éáõ: ²ÛÉ Ëûëùáí, É»½áõÇ Ñ³Ý¹¿å ѳõ³ïùÁ Ñ»ï½Ñ»ï¿ ÏÁ ÏáñëáõÇ: ÜáÛÝÇëÏ ³Ûë Ûû¹áõ³ÍÁ ·ñ³Í ³ï»Ý Ùï³Í»óÇ. ³ñ¹»û±ù ³ÛÝ Ë³õÁ, áñ å¿ïù ¿ ϳñ¹³Û ½³ÛÝ, åÇïÇ Ï³ñ»Ý³±Û ϳ٠åÇïÇ áõ½¿± ѳۻñ¿Ýáí ϳñ¹³É: Ð³Û å³ï³ÝÇÝ»ñáõ »õ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñáõ Û³ñÙ³ñ Ýáñ ·ñ³Ï³Ýáõû³Ý Ýáõ³½áõÙÁ ß³ïáÝó ½·³ÉÇ ¿: Ú³ïáõÏ áõß³¹ñáõû³Ý ϳñÇù áõÝÇ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÙÇçݳϳñ· ϳ٠»ñÏñáñ¹³Ï³Ý í³ñųñ³ÝÝ»ñ¿ ßñç³Ý³õ³ñïÁ: ÀݹѳÝñ³å¿ë, ³Ûëûñáõ³Ý Ýáñ Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñáõ ÝÇõÃÝ áõ ٳϳñ¹³ÏÁ ÏÁ Û³ñÙ³ñÇ ³õ»ÉÇ Ù³ÝáõÏÝ»ñáõ, ã³÷³Ñ³ëÝ»ñáõ »õ »ñ¿óÝ»ñáõ: Ð³Û å³ï³ÝÇÝ»ñÝ »õ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñÝ Ñ»ï³ùñùñáÕ ·ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ÙdzÛÝ ÏñÝ³Û Ñ³Û»ñ¿ÝÁ å³Ñå³Ý»É »õ û·Ý»É Ñ³Û ¹åñáóÇÝ ³Ûë ˳õÇÝ Ùûï ѳۻñ¿ÝÇ ·áñͳÍáõÃÇõÝÁ ù³ç³É»ñ»Éáõ: ²Ûë ï³ññÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ñ ³Ù¿Ý¿Ý Ûáõë³¹ñÇãÁ, ѳۻñ¿Ý ·ñ»Éáõ áõ ϳñ¹³Éáõ ³éÇÃÝ»ñ ëï»ÕÍ»Éáõ, ÏÁ ÙÝ³Û Ñ³Ù³ó³ÝóÁª Ù³ëݳõáñ³µ³ñ ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ ó³ÝóÁ (Facebook- ¹ÇÙ³ï»ïñ, Twitter- ¹³ÛɳÉÛÉÇã), áõñ ßÝáñÑÇõ UnicodeÇÝ »õ Nairi.comÇ ÝÙ³Ý µ³é³ñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ, Ñ³Û »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Á ÏñÝ³Û ³õ»ÉÇ Û³×³Ë ³ñï³Û³ÛïáõÇÉ Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ýáí: àõñ»ÙÝ Ç±Ýãå¿ë ëï»ÕÍ»É Ñ³Û»ñ¿Ý ·ñ»Éáõ, ϳñ¹³Éáõ »õ Ëûë»Éáõ Ùß³ÏáÛà »õ *ð³ýýÇ ê³ñ·Çë»³Ý ÂáñáÝÃáÛÇ ½³ÛÝ ï³ñ³Í»É áñå¿ë ÁݹáõÝáõ³Í »õ ³ÏÝϳÉáõ³Í ϳÝáÝ: ²Ûë ѳñóáõÙÇÝ ÐúØÇ ì³ñųñ³ÝÇ ÷áË ïÝûñ¿ÝÝ ¿ »õª å³ï³ë˳ÝÁ å¿ïù ¿ áñáÝ¿ ³Ù¿Ý ·³- ê³é³ øáñÝÇÝÏ ò»Õ³ëå³Ýáõû³Ý Õáõà Çñ Çõñ³Û³ïáõÏ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÁ ë»ñ- àõëáõóÙ³Ý Î»¹ñáÝÇ í³ñÇã:
Ø»Ýù ù»½ ÏÁ ëÇñ»Ýù, Þáõï »Ïáõñ:
ܲزΠβԲܸ ä²ä²ÚÆÜ ²Ñ³ »Ï³õ γճݹ ä³å³Ý, Æñ ×»ñÙ³Ï Ùûñáõùáí, γñÙÇñ ѳ·áõëïáí, Àë»Éáí ѳѳѳ... Ø»½Ç áõñ³Ë³óÝ»Éáí, ÆÙ ëÇñ³Í ˳ճÉÇùÝ»ñáí, Ò»éù-Ó»éùÇ µéÝ»Éáí, Þáõñçå³ñ å³ñ»Éáí:
õ³ñï ÁÉɳɿ »ïùª »ñµ ѳÛÏ³Ï³Ý í³ñųñ³ÝÁ ³ÛÉ»õë ³Ýáñ ³éûñ»³ÛÇÝ Ù³ë ãÇ Ï³½Ù»ñ: Ð³Û ÍÝáÕÁ, å¿ïù ¿ ·Ý³Ñ³ï¿ Çñ ½³õÏÇÝ Ñ³Ûñ»ñ¿Ý ëáñí»Éáõ ÷áñÓ»ñÁ »õ ³éÇÃÝ»ñÁ. Çñ ëáñí³Í ѳۻñ¿Ý »ñ·Ý áõ ³ñï³ë³ÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ÃáÕ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ ÑÇõñ»ñáõÝ Ý»ñϳ۳óÝ¿: Æñ ѳۻñ¿Ýáí ·ñ³Í ëï»Õͳ·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ÃáÕ ï³Ý å³ï»ñÁ ½³ñ¹³ñ»Ý...
γճݹ ä³å³Ý, γճݹ ä³å³Ý, ²Ñ³ »Ï³õ γճݹ ä³å³Ý, Ø¿Ï Ó»éùÁ ·³õ³½³Ý, ÙÇõëÝ ³É ³Ïé³Ûáí, ÆÝÍÇ áõñ³Ë³óáõó áõ½³Íë µ»ñ»Éáí: îÇñ³Ý ²Ýïñ»³Ý 3´
êàôð´ ÌÜàôܸ ÚÇëáõë, ÚÇëáõë, ¸áõÝ ²ëïáõÍáÛ áñ¹ÇÝ, ¸áõÝ ÇÝãå¿±ë ³ß˳ñÑ »Ï³ñ, ÐÇõ³Ý¹Ý»ñÁ µáõÅ»óÇñ, ø»½Ç ѳٳñ ÷³éù Û³õ»ñųϳÝ: È»õáÝ ²É»ùë³Ý»³Ý 3´
Üàð î²ðÆÜ Ê³Õáí áõ ï³Õáí, ̳÷ áõ ÍÇͳÕáí, ²Ñ³ »Ï³õ Üáñ î³ñÇÝ, ´»ñ³õ »ñ·»ñ, ³Ýáõß ÙÇñ·»ñ, Ø»ñ »ñç³ÝÇÏ ³ß˳ñÑÇÝ:
ܲزΠβԲܸ ä²ä²ÚÆÜ Î³Õ³Ý¹ ä³å³, γճݹ ä³å³, г×Çë ÇÝÍÇ µ»ñ »ñÏáõ ³Ïé³Û, Þ³ï µ³ñÇ ïÕ³Û »Ù »ë, ¸³ë»ñë ÏÁ ëÇñ»Ù ÁÝ»É, ¹áõÝ ÏÁ ï»ëÝ»ë:
βԲܸ γճݹÁ ÏÁ Ùûï»Ý³Û, Ü³Ù³Ï ÙÁ ·ñ»Ù, ºõ å³ï³ë˳ÝÁ ßáõï Ï'áõ½»Ù:
γճݹ ä³å³, γճݹ ä³å³, ²Ýѳٵ»ñ ÏÁ ëå³ë»Ù ù»½Ç ѳٳñ, Ö»ñÙ³Ï Ù³½»ñáí, ϳñÙÇñ ·É˳ñÏáí, Ø»ñ ïáõÝÁ Ïáõ ·³ë Ðû, Ðû, Ðû, Áë»Éáí:
ºë ·Çñù Ï'áõ½»Ù, àñ ϳñ¹³Ù, ÆÙ Ù»Í Ù³Ûñ»ñáõë »õ Ù»Í Ñ³Ûñ»ñáõëª áõñ³Ë³óÝ»Ù: ä³ñ·»õ ØÇëÇñ»³Ý 3´
ì³ñ¹Ç سëñ»³Ý 3´
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¸ºÎîºØ´ºð 2015 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 122
¶Ç￱Çù ÿ ³ÕÙ³Ý Í³Ëë»ñÁ ·ñ»Ã¿ ÝáÛÝÝ »Ý »õ ϳ˻³Éª ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ Ï³ï³ñ³Í ÁÝïñáõûݿÝ
´³ñ»õ § »ë ×áÝ ø¿ÛÝÝ »Ùª R.S.Kane Funeral Home-Ç Ý³Ë³·³ÑÁ: ºÃ¿ Û³õ»É»³É û·Ýáõû³Ý å¿ïù áõÝÇù § Ëݹñ»Ù ϳåáõ»ó¿ù Ù»½Ç Ñ»ï Ð»é© 416-221-1159 γ٠e-mail: info@rskane.ca
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Forget-Me-Not : Sinfonia Toronto s Commemorative Concert
By Dr. Araxie Altounian As Armenians throughout the world commemorate the centennial of the 1915 Genocide through various events, musical concerts of the highest caliber have brought together internationally acclaimed artists both Armenian and non-Armenian to bear witness to the vibrant culture of a nation that refuses to die. Toronto has had its share of fine musical concerts as part of its commemorative programs, the last of which took place on November 7, at the George Weston Recital Hall of the Toronto Centre for the Arts, under the artistic direction of Maestro Nurhan Arman, conductor of the Sinfonia Toronto string orchestra. Rightly titled Forget-Me-Not (after the delicate purple flower that became the official symbol of the Genocide centennial), it was indeed an unforgettable concert: a true highlight in the cultural life of the Toronto Armenian community. The Forget-Me-Not Concert committee had been planning this evening for over a year, and came up with several symbolic details to make this memorial event as meaningful and impressive as possible. The beautifully designed program booklet contained an excerpt from the introductory essay by Alan Whitehorn, The Armenian Genocide: The Essential Reference Guide , complete with period photographs and a map of historic Armenia 1915-1923. A full page was dedicated to a detailed description of the symbolism of the Forget-Me-Not logo. In her introductory speech, Lynn Anoush Isnar reminded the audience that the Toronto Armenian community is fortunate to count two genocide survivors among its members: Mrs. Sirvard Kurdian, born in Erzurum in 1912, and Mrs. Eugenie Kokorian, born during the exile in 1915. Kokorian, who was present that night,
received the acknowledgement of the audience. The first row of seats was left empty and a minute of silence was observed in memory of the martyrs. The guest speaker of the day was awardwinning actress Arsinée Khanjian who, in a very thoughtful and inspiring speech, discussed the importance of the Genocide centennial for Armenians, Turks and the international community. In addition to her acting credits, Khanjian holds a master s degree in Political Science, and is a member of the Corporate Board of the Zoryan Institute for international genocide and human rights studies. It was refreshing to see a musical program almost entirely consisting of works that were new to the Toronto audience. To quote the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Canada, What makes this concert even more extraordinary is the platform it offers to showcase the musical works of the descendants of first generation Genocide survivors. By doing so, the concert seemed to fulfil its objective to be a musical tribute to the enduring spirit of a nation . Maestro Nurhan Arman had carefully chosen the musical selections to express feelings of loss and longing, but also hope and joy. Edward Mirzoyan s (1921-2012) Poem Epitaph for string ensemble was written in 1988 for the 10th anniversary of the death of his close friend and colleague Aram Khachaturian. Maestro Arman explained that in his opinion, this work is one of the most deeply felt elegies composed in the 20th century . The following work, Concerto for Violin and String Orchestra by Alexander Arutiunian (1920-2012), was also written in 1988, around the time of the powerful earthquake that devastated parts of Armenia and killed over 40,000 people. Sinfonia Toronto was joined by the talented violinist and rising star, Nuné
Sinfonia Toronto orchestra and conductor Nurhan Arman, Nune Melikian and soprano Hasmik Papian receiving standing ovation at George Weston Hall, November 7.
Melikian, a top prize winner at various international competitions. Melikian played on a 1750 Carl Ferdinando Landolfi violin, given to her by Canada Council Music Instrument Bank. Her warm, velvety tone beautifully highlighted the intensity of the first and third movements, while her flawless technique and youthful energy did justice to the playful and capricious second movement as well as the bravura fourth movement. The second part of the concert opened with Tigran Mansurian s (b.1939) Canti Paralleli , written between 2008-2012, first as a work for soprano and piano, and later as a soprano-piano-string orchestra version. These parallel songs consisted of four pairs of poems, each by one of four great Armenian poets (Baghdasar Dpir, Yeghishe Charents, Avetik Isahakyan and Vahan Teryan). Maestro Mansurian s singular treatment of the poems and the voice are the fruit of an extensive research into various cultures (European Renaissance to Modern periods, Russian,
Armenian). Internationally acclaimed soprano Hasmik Papian masterfully brought out the deep melancholy in these four pairs of songs with her rich, expressive and limpid voice, accompanied by Sinfonia Toronto and Michael Berkovsky at the piano. Vaché Sharafyan s Divertissement indicated a change to a much lighter mood. Sharafyan (b. 1966), is considered as one of the most prominent living composers in Armenia, and has collaborated with renowned musicians like Yo Yo Ma, Yuri Bashmet and many others. The performed selection was the second movement of a string quintet that the composer had graciously arranged for string orchestra for this special occasion. If the novelty of the program was somewhat taxing for some audience members, they had a chance to indulge in the comfort of familiarity with the final work on the program, the ever-popular Waltz from Aram Khachaturian s (1903-1978) Masquerade cont. page 25
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TORONTO ARMENIANS
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POM Wrapped Up Its Tenth Season
Moskvitch, My Love Wins Best Film Award
Legendary screenwriter Mardik Martin received a POM lifetime achievement award.
Interrupted Flight director Yelana Arshakyan speaks after screening.
Matthew Karanian (centre), Nora Hovsepian and Bared Maronian during a panel discussion on Journey to the Motherland.
Director David Hovan speaks after screening of his short Shattered.
Photos by Harout Hagopian
Panelists actor Eric Bogosian (Operation Nemesis) & Prof. Marian Mesrobian MacCurdy (Sacred Justice).
Director Albert Kodagolian (Somewhere Beautiful) interviewed by Prof. Isabel Kaprielian Churchill delivers an address on Women and the Armenian Cause section Arda Zakarian of CP24.
By Dr. Roubina Yeghoyan Hamazkayin's Pomegranate Film Festival (POM X) delivered an unforgettable week-long celebration of film and art on November 1622. Over fifty films were presented, bringing together artists from Canada and around the world and a stellar jury. Monday, November 16, BrazilianArmenian singer and director Isabella Bablumian joined the Erebuni dance ensemble to deliver a powerful opening ceremony in a special screening called, '100 Years and We're Still Dancing.' On the second evening of the festival, the award-winning Aram, Aram was accompanied by the talented director Chris Chambers and actor Sevak Hakoyan. Lebanese-Armenian director, Nigol Bezjian, earlier in the evening, presented his insightful documentary, After This Day about the Orphans who persevered in the deplorable Antourah orphanage. Maral Deveci delivered the introduction to the film on behalf of the Sara Corning Centre for Genocide Education. An intellectually stimulating evening followed on Wednesday November 18th as attendees listened to guest George Jerjian, whose film Daylight After a Century brought light to the historic social fabric of Arabkir. Jerjian was joined by the prominent chair of the ANCA (Western Region) Nora Hovsepian, who presented 'Journey to the Homeland' and acclaimed director Bared Maronian. Their panel could not find a more eloquent host than bright lawyer and author, Matthew Karanian who also signed copies of his new book, Historic Armenia . Attendees also cherished the opportunity to see the fruits of the Festival's grants to independent filmmakers, as illustrated by the screening of French director, Arnaud Khayadjanian's, Stony Paths , introduced by Talyn Terzian-Gilmour on behalf of the Zoryan Institute. Singer Harout Bedrossian amazed everyone by his performance of Armenian folk music, showing a different facet of his talents,
POM Committee, Jury with directors and producers at the Toronto Hamazkayin Theatre.
POM 2015 jury Silva Basmajian, Lara Arabian and Hagop Goudsouzian.
while Zoryan's Founder and President Kourken Sarkissian provided the keynote address. Fans of Hollywood-style features relished the comedy, The Bride from Vegas and romantic drama Interrupted Flight on Thursday evening. The crowd savoured the interaction with guests, director Yelena Arshakyan from Yerevan and actors Levon and Mikael Sharafyan, the talented father and son duo from Los Angeles. Also from LA, screenwriter Mardik Martin and independent filmmaker Albert Kodagolian offered exclusive screenings of The Cut and Somewhere Beautiful on November 20th at the Regent Theatre. Martin's presence helped
the Festival honour the centennial of the Genocide, while Kodagolian's attendance showcased POM's vision of celebrating independent, creative talent as illustrated by the screening of his experimental, poetic film inspired by the work of Atom Egoyan. On Saturday, the theatre enjoyed a full house with its youngest attendees for the screening of Anahit following record-breaking attendance for its morning program Armenia Now . In the afternoon, cinematographer Tammam Hamza and artist Victoria Harwood Butler-Sloss were applauded for their respective documentaries, Our Atlantis: The Story of Camp Armen and Cyprus Summer 1974 . The highlight of the evening was the gala soirée, which screened Robert Guediguian's Ariane's Thread , a whimsical tale filmed by the French seaside. Festivities were heightened with the intimate concert by Collectif Medz Bazar performing for the first time outside of Europe. Their hits, Kokorec and Leylum had everyone moving. The Carnival-themed soirée continued to impress with the participation of live performers, making the evening magical. On the final day of the festival, Canadian filmmakers David Hovan and Armen Poladian screened their shorts in the morning segment
called, Symphony of Film. Nareh Ghalustians, on behalf of the Armen Karo Student Association, later introduced the afternoon screening, Operation Nemesis , which included the participation of the renowned actor and writer, Eric Bogosian, and the gifted academic, Dr. Marian Mesrobian MacCurdy. No attendee was left untouched by the eyeopening discussion following the screenings of three powerful short films, Straw Doll , Immersion into the Fire and Homo Politicus . Eloquent academic, Dr. Isabel KaprielianChurchill, delivered the keynote addre ss to the documentaries related to women's history, Map of Salvation and We are the Color of the Earth . While talented singer Anahit Koudsouzian provided a wonderful performance to commence the series. POM's finale made festival history. Successive standing ovations were granted by the audience when José Antonio Gurriarán, the journalist from Spain, discussed his experience and the basis for the closing film, Don't Tell Me the Boy Was Mad , by Robert Guediguian. A film that will soon be released theatrically. POM X had the unprecedented difficult task of determining this year's winners. The cont. page 32
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TORONTO ARMENIANS
Whose centennial should this be anyway?
Below is the text of actress Arsinée Khanjian s responsibility. The Nuremburg trials, which brought human rights into speech titled Whose Centennial Should This Be Anyway? delivered during the Forget Me Not concert, on November the domain of global politics, redefined morality at the international level, and gave political currency to the concept 7 at George Weston Recital Hall, Toronto. of crimes against humanity and racism. This is to say, the will of Germany to do what was the only Armenians around the world have been asking themselves dignifying gesture after such an unspeakable deed as genocide, what it will mean to commemorate in 2015 the centenary of was ushered in with a firm hand by those countries which felt an event referred to as the first modern genocide of the 20th the moral obligation to prosecute its perpetrators. century. In this way, the Armenian Genocide also demands the Many have been feeling a sense of urgency to do something involvement of the international community, which has to meaningful to honor the memory of over a million souls who perished between 1915 and 1917, during the extermination of understand its obligation to promote justice for past crimes. a people from their historic lands at the hands of the Young This obligation requires more than recognition alone. The official political and historical will of present day Turkey Turks in the crumbling years of the Ottoman Empire. is to sublimate the deeds of its forefathers, through an ongoing Of course, to do something meaningful, today, in the face of indifference and active denial by the Turkish state requires, and pervasive policy of denial both within Turkey and with its NATO allies. more than ever, an active will to remember. Nationalism and its symptoms are fostered and tolerated Armenians do remember because they continue to be by the State in all form of displays through hate speech, reminded, through family relics and spoken memories, through historical archives, scientific research, and academic publications intimidation, censorship and laws that suffocate the democratic of the starvation, rape, humiliation, dispossession, proselytizing, voice, freedom of speech, and human rights principles. To remain vigilant, therefore, is a responsibility that should slavery, desecration and mutilation of bodies of men, women, matter to all friends of Turkey because as we speak minority and children who walked to their deaths. Four generations communities with men and women of various cultural and later and from faraway lands, the fractured walls of hollowed religious backgrounds, are in daily and immediate danger out homes, churches, schools and cities of Western Armenia risking nothing less than their right to existence, just as they rumble with the longing of those who survived. were one hundred years ago. With time passing, Armenians face other present day Within these communities, there are a number of reminders of painful and soaring losses of a different kind of courageous individuals and organizations who, in the spirit of cultural heritage, specifically, that of a mother tongue, Western Hrant Dink, the Armenian journalist slain in 2007 in Istanbul, Armenian, spoken and written in its own alphabet for centuries want to understand and reveal the Armenian genocide as a but now listed as a disappearing language. history that belongs to all of Turkey and to all generations of To remember is basic to our human experience, and Turkish citizens, who have been robbed of the truth by a essential for the development of humankind. nationalistic discourse which persists, 100 years later, in an But who bears the responsibility to remember a full 100 unlikely but all the more worrisome association with years later, a full century after the systematic destruction of a fundamentalist Islam. place and its people? What Armenians desire is for Turkey to engage in a truly If the Armenian Question remains without proper redress democratic path, which allows its people to atone for the deeds after so long why not simply to move on? of their forefathers, and relieves them from the guilt of the Why not abandon the past out of exhaustion, exasperation, crime of genocide through denial. geopolitical interest, and mostly the desire to forget this historical So, today, I would like to ask: tragedy in order to contemplate the other atrocities that have Whose Centennial should this be anyway? followed and continue to plague our societies? The one of Armenians alone? We don t move on because the Armenian genocide cannot Or, the one of Turks as well? be forgotten. Or, perhaps more significantly, the one of the Armenians, It cannot be forgotten simply because this history of the the Turks, and the international community? early 20th century, belongs to Europe, to America, to all of It is no longer necessary to identify the victim and the Western civilization and indeed to the world. perpetrator of this history. This history, the archetype of genocides in the last hundred Renowned historians from around the world have years, has repeated itself elsewhere on the planet, within many established and authenticated the veracity of the Armenian cultures without much difference in the topography of the crime. genocide. This history demands, therefore, scrutiny and involvement But the world has often turned a blind eye to the irrefutable by the international community, which, in turn, should feel the facts. obligation for an honest and moral understanding of its complicity Despite international and historical models that address through inaction and silence. crimes against humanity as a universal responsibility, there Germany set the example for culpability followed by has also been an established practice of breaking away from significant reparations for its crimes against 6 million Jews and these precedents. many other victims who perished at the hands of the Nazis. If Turkey currently exercises an aggressive and open It is known, however, that this act of recognition did not policy of denial it is only because the international community happen simply because Germany was a defeated nation. has chosen to suspend its own values, ethics, and duty through The international response to the atrocities of World War indifference, and as importantly, because of strategic expediency II and the Holocaust made a key contribution in establishing in the name of overt and uncensored economic and security the importance of acknowledging these crimes as a universal benefits.
Arsine°e Khanjian. Phûto by Giulio Muratori
This approach and position unequivocally continues to grant impunity to a reprehensible chapter in both Turkey s and Western civilization s modern history. On this centennial of the Armenian genocide, I would like to repeat 12 points, aptly established by Genocide Watch, which list ways to deny the act of genocide: 1. Question and minimize the statistics 2. Attack the motivations of the truth-tellers 3. Claim that the deaths were inadvertent 4. Emphasize the strangeness of the victims 5. Rationalize the deaths as the result of tribal conflict 6. Blame out of control forces for committing the killings 7. Avoid antagonizing the perpetrators who might walk out of the peace process 8. Justify denial in favor of current economic interests 9. Claim that the victims are receiving good treatment 10. Claim that what is going on doesn t fit the definition of genocide 11. Blame the victims 12. Say that peace and reconciliation are more important than blaming people for genocide Entertaining and/or exercising part or all of these 12 points constitutes genocide denial and begs the question of why should one choose to identify with this less than honorable face of humanity. Without our engagement in an active and informed support for true principles of democracy and their implementation, without morality and ethics within political transactions, humankind simply ceases to be kind. This centenary of the genocide of the Armenian people has to be understood and embraced by all of us as our history, our memory and our duty to remember. In order to leave behind a better imprint, to forge an honorable legacy for generations to come entails our participation in rejecting indifference, rejecting blindness, and rejecting silence out of fear, everywhere and in the name of everyone so that truth, memory and justice can prevail.
Starvation as Political Tool and Method of Genocide: A Conference by Zoryan Institute The International Institute for Genocide and Human Rights Studies (A Division of the Zoryan Institute) partnered with the Holodomor Research and Education Consortium to host a symposium on the political uses of starvation. The cases discussed included The Irish Famine, the Armenian Genocide, the Ukrainian Holodomor, and Famine and Attrition in the Nuba Mountains of Sudan. The symposium took place on October 22, 2015 at the University of Toronto. Starvation can sometimes be man-made and used as a political tool to exert control over targeted groups and even cause genocide. The Armenian Genocide, Ukrainian Holodomor, and Nuba Mountains crisis are prime examples of the use of starvation in this manner. When the Ukrainian Communist Party began to side with the peasantry, who largely rebelled against Stalin s regime, measures were taken to punish the group and demonstrate Soviet power. Dr. Andrea Graziosi from the University of Naples examined Stalin s enforced famine, the Holodomor, from 1932-33 which killed roughly 4 million Ukrainians. While George Shirinian of the Zoryan
Institute described how Turkish authorities had the gendarmes use circuitous death marches through the desert to starve their victims from 1915-1918 during the Armenian Genocide. They only occasionally provided small food rations often in return for bribes or sexual exploitation. The Young Turk leadership used this method to enhance the suffering of the Armenians. This elaborate method was motivated by the Turks perverse desire to exert dominance over them violently, for the Armenians perceived attempts to rise above their subject position as giavours. In contrast to this, the Irish Famine of 18451851, although it was not orchestrated by the British government, the policies to alleviate the crisis, in which 1 million people died, were inadequate. Dr. Mark McGowan from the University of Toronto explained that, while substantial funds were used to establish systems like poorhouses and soup kitchens for the suffering Irish population, these did not effectively combat the emergency. Roger Smith, Chairman of the IIGHRS, has recently published a discussion of the idea of partial genocide, that applies to the Irish Famine.
Scholars during the symposium, October 22 at U of T.
Having in mind the historical context of Ireland, English control over the Irish population through government and landownership, and the pronounced poverty the Irish suffered, he concludes the minimal efforts by the British government during this time of crisis could be classified as a partial genocide. Currently, there is very little scholarship on
the role of starvation in genocide. By coorganizing and engaging in this conference, Zoryan Institute demonstrated the importance of human rights and genocide research as a means to shed light on continued instances of mass starvation. The conference emphasized the need for more scholarship on such genocide related issues.
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ARMENIANS IN CANADA
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Silence is Broken when Someone is Willing to Listen
By Shaké Sarkhanian A hundred years. That s a long time to wait and a long time to feel. It is the Centennial commemorating the Armenian Genocide committed by the Ottoman Turks in 1915. An understanding of the Genocide is no longer just an understanding of fact, of what we think. The longevity of its contention internationally has fostered an understanding of how we feel. Repetition of genocides in different contexts, in different times, involving different peoples is like being hit with the same pain over and over again. It hits us all. The play State of Denial is an artistic response to the Armenian Genocide and opposition to genocide more broadly. Performed in Montreal s Segal Centre for Performing Arts, it expressed a juxtaposition of views: old survivors and new generations; grief from loss and celebration of perseverance; questioning from ignorance and closure from exposed secrets; remoteness in geography and closeness to our hearts. It integrated numerous themes and effectively addressed how we feel with a plot that was so intimately personal, yet it illuminated the story of many young Armenian women who tried to escape the Genocide. Rahul Varma wrote the fictional story of Odette, a Rwandan-born Canadian filmmaker, who travels to modern day Turkey and is accompanied by a Canadian diplomat. It is in Turkey where she collects stories about genocide for her documentary. She listens to the story of Sahana, an old Muslim woman who dedicated a great part of her life helping Armenian survivors. Just before her death, Sahana reveals a secret to Odette, one that
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unravels the layering of the state of denial and takes the audience to present day Canada. In Canada, we are introduced to Isma, a young Turkish girl who is tied to this past. As the thin veils creating the set on stage for Sahana s sturdy house are pulled, ripped, and destroyed by the history enacted, we learn the story of Sinam. A young Armenian brideto-be, pregnant, cheerful, with no fear of the eerie future is made vulnerable and abandoned. What is the fate of the unborn child? Is Canada the home of the unborn child? Odette promises to publicize Sahana s secret, no matter what entails successful exposure. The audience questions her motive, notably as her secret about the state of denial in her own life within the context of the Rwandan Genocide unfolds. The plot was an expression of delicate State of Denial. Photo by Mateo H Casis layering of the state of denial that bonded the characters enhanced by sound and dialogue Effective exposure, however, is dependent on hurt felt from both the Armenian Genocide and that Varma created moving images. Most persons who will listen. Rwandan Genocide. Fulfillment of Odette s notably, the death march enacted was a forceful Varma researched and heard numerous promise would erode the state of denial, of display of female suffering that introduced the true stories discussed in Life Stories of many States and of many people. female voice as one that ought to be spotlighted Montrealers Displaced by War, Genocide and Varma s intended focus on women and when discussing and defying denial, to other Human Rights Violations, a research womanhood was unique. The female emphasize the punishment they endured. Here, project initiated at Concordia University. He characters in different stages of their lives were the importance of defying denial was a female considered stories about the Armenian given a stronger presence, in contrast to how initiative, to defy what was defined for them Genocide as well, and was inspired by the male characters are traditionally given more by men in times of genocide. characters he read about throughout his prominent roles when articulating stories about The character of Sinam said a line that journey of research. He was particularly moved the Genocide from a patriarchal perspective, struck me: We need law in this county. What by women who survived and told their story. Varma explained. Sahana as an old woman can we as audiences say in response to When asked about his motivation to write about in present day Turkey was contrasted to Sinam enforced laws that harm citizens? Fear ensues. the Armenian Genocide, Varma said, The one the young woman in Turkey 1915. Odette, the A state of denial, when systemic, silences genocide that pre-dates all the others [in the protagonist who questioned history, was identities, rights, freedoms, histories, and twentieth century] is the one that we forget challenged by the ignorance of Isma, a young memories. To erase is a powerful tool with most. He pieced together these harsh realities woman in Canada. What is the significance of grave consequences of annihilation, if of genocides to produce a local fiction that these contrasts? successful. The State of Denial continuously pierced our ears meaningfully. It is with the emotions of the female returned to Odette s motive: to expose. To Varma, thank you for listening.
Canadian Human Right s Museum Commemorates Centennial of the Armenian Genocide By Nora Arouchian On November 25, Canadian Human Rights Museum in Winnipeg organized a commemorative event for the Centennial of the Armenian Genocide with renowned CanadianArmenian director Atom Egoyan and actress Arsinée Khanjian. A delegation comprising of members of the Armenian National Committee of Canada, the ARF Bureau representative Hagop Der Khatchadourian, Fr. Keghart Kosbakian, pastor of the St. Nshan Armenian Apostolic church of Cambridge, and members of the Vancouver Armenian community were joined by members and representatives of the local Winnipeg Armenian community at an event. The event began with a guided tour of the museum s 10 galleries that contain both parts of Canadian and International history presented through a high-tech, multi-media based interactive portal. A large portion of the tour was spent at the Breaking the Silence gallery, which highlights the silence about world human rights violations and atrocities and explores the role of denial and secrecy in the promotion and continuation of genocides. Highlighted examples are the Ukrainian Holodomor, the Armenian Genocide, the Holocaust, the Rwandan Genocide and the Srebrenica Genocide in Bosnia. Before the beginning of the official event, Svetlana Gharagyozyan of the Manitoba Opera gave a live musical performance for those present in the Bonnie and John Buhler hall. John Young, director of the Museum gave the opening remarks and hosted the evening. Armenian National Committee of Canada representative Shahen Mirakian spoke on behalf of the organization emphasizing the importance of the ANCC grassroots movement in making a change in the world by collaboration with different communities to fight against all forms of human rights violations. He also thanked Dr. Asper for this visionary undertaking, as well as the Museum and fellow Canadians for standing up and raising awareness for human rights issues.
Haig Vanlian, on behalf of the Winnipeg Armenian community, thanked Canada for being an exemplary country and a beacon of compassion and humanitarian work. He gave the example of Georgetown Boys as Canada s first act of humanitarian aid on an international scale, which brought orphaned Armenian boys and girls to a farm in Georgetown, and who later became model citizens that contributed to the Canadian society. He emphasized the denial of the Armenian Genocide and mentioned that endeavors such as the Canadian Human Rights Museum are helpful in the fight for recognition and reparation. Fr. Keghart Kosbakian spoke about coming to terms with the reality of the Armenian Genocide and the impact it still has on people today. He said our efforts should be concentrated on education and transmitting the past. Museum director John Young affirmed: we want to educate our visitors to examine Arsine°e Khanjian, Atom Egoyan take part in a program dedicated to the Armenian Genocide at CMHR. facts . He went on to say the Armenian Genocide section has photos shot by a German Genocide but to get the viewer think and draw literature, different proofs of the reality of the soldier, Armin T. Wagner, who went against different lessons tied to the memory of genocide. genocide, and cannot abandon their cause. direct orders and took pictures of the atrocities By using scenes from a film within a film, he This is not only a history proper to Armenians, he witnessed. The Breaking the Silence exhibit did a parallel between two scenes to but it belongs to the pages of world history and is followed by Actions Count gallery, which demonstrate the ever-present stereotype in the as such, the international community has its promotes visitors to think about concrete actions descendants of genocide survivors. He pointed role to play and bares universal responsibility to counter understand and prevent genocide. out the importance of narratives, and the in the fight against denial. She mentioned that It cites the example of Raphael Lemkin who important role education plays in transmitting Hrant Dink stood up for the recognition in a coined the term genocide, based on the knowledge. In the film, the role of the actors country where at the time, there was little atrocities committed against the Armenian portraying Turkish generals represents the view support within the Turkish community to openly people, as well as his own family during the of modern Turkey, one of complete denial and speak about this topic. Now, one hundred years Second World War. It also shows the Canadian lies. He ended his speech noting without later, citizens in Turkey are standing up on the government s first international humanitarian compassion we cannot have hope for right side of history, and standing up for Hrant act of bringing in orphaned Armenian young reconciliation, and as long as denial is present, Dink and the proper recognition. She mentioned boys and girls, which later came to be known there is no place for compassion. the twelve first occurrences of how denial takes as the Georgetown Boys. He also mentioned Arsinée Khanjian said how happy she was over and shadows reality and stated that that a short film, to be released in Spring 2016 for finally having the opportunity to visit the Armenians, Turks and the international about the Armenian Genocide, will be screened Museum. She noted that Canada has welcomed community together have to stand up and in the Breaking the Silence gallery. people form all over the world and this Museum combat this silence and denial, not only to Atom Egoyan took the podium and opened pays homage to that. She pointed out that this honor the past, but also to create a better now. a conversation about the Armenian Genocide. At the end both Egoyan and Khanjian year marked the centennial of the Armenian He thanked the Museum for taking on the answered questions about the repercussions Genocide, which arose a sense of urgency in massive task of representing human right s of the film Ararat, as well as the importance of many to actively commemorate and remember. issues. While speaking about his 2002 critically story telling in the continuation of memory. She stated that Armenians are always reminded acclaimed film Ararat, he said his role was not (Original text appeared in Horizon Weekly) through memory, stories, testimonies, academic to prepare a documentary about the Armenian
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Davit Ter Haroutunian
TORONTO ARMENIANS
Gérard Paraghamian: The Journey of an Artist from Genocide to Success
There is no way of knowing, in life, where we ll actually end up. Each of us is here on a journey of different talents, abilities, athleticism, musicality, and so on. This is the tale of one such journey, says Gérard Paraghamian in his memior An Artists Journey . Indeed, a truly adventurous journey; the roots of its inception a humble one, and its progression, exciting. Even before his birth, artist and painter Paragham ian s story begins in the midst of turbulent times. His parents were both born in Turkey where, as children, they experienced the Ottoman Empire s Tehcir law, which authorized the deportation of its Armenian population. His parents, young at the time, witnessed the murder of their families: his father witnessed the killing of his parents, and his mother saw her father disappear from her life in an instant. Miraculously, they both escaped to France. His mother settled in Marseilles with family, and his father, orphaned, found relatives in Nice who were also survivors of the Genocide. Fate had it that they would meet, giving birth to Gérard, his sister Anne-Marie, and his brother George. Although they had settled in the picturesque South of France, violence and uncertainty still followed them with the Second World War and the Nazi occupation of France in the 1940s. In Nice, the Paraghamians moved uptown into their Godparents villa that had previously been bombed. After the war, Gérard s grandmother met a debonair Armenian from Boston, and spontaneously packed her bags and left for America. After much thought, his family followed. Believing that all immigration papers were in order, his parents sold their meager belongings and left for Paris. Soon they found out that many important papers were lost or confiscated in Turkey. They departed the war-ravaged shores of Normandy. With the help of a Canadian soldier, with an Armenian name that they d known in Marseilles, the Paraghamian family s immigration was sponsored under extraordinary circumstances and, instead of Boston, Toronto became their home. Years after adjusting to the Canadian culture shock, Paraghamian s interest in art grew deeper. I would do nothing all day but sketch and listen to Elvis, he says. After spending some time in an Engineering program, he let go and embraced his real passion: painting. With a new defined direction, he enrolled in a four-year course at the Ontario College of Art. After graduation, in the midst of his self-doubt and his unclear future as an
artist, he met an art director at Toronto s Foster Advertising who believed in his talent and hired him. Soon he became art director, handling big corporate clients and building a credible reputation in the city s advertising scene. It wasn t long until his passion for travelling forced him to leave the nine-to-five life for freelance commercial art: I thought that working fifty out of fifty-two weeks a year was ridiculous. Better to take a few risks than to die at your desk! Since then, Paraghamian has trekked six continents, by bus, plane, train, foot, mule and camel. He s travelled through the former USSR as an exchange student representing the Arts for Canada, has photographed wildlife in Africa, has painted the Taj Mahal in India, and has hiked up Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. His voyages to Japan s bombed cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki left him with an everlasting impression about man s false ambitions. While in his homeland, Armenia, he gazed in awe at Mount Ararat towering in the distance, praying that one day it will return home. Amazed by Armenia s breathtaking rural landscapes and unique architectural designs of its churches, he felt inclined to include them in his collection of works.
From Armenia collection
I spent at least three or four months of every year studying the works of the Masters and learning about the different ways colour and light can combine in my work, absorbing the same play of light and colour that inspired
Menton, Near the Italian Border from the Europe & The French Riviera collection.
Artistic technique
Paraghamian began painting with oils, then, in the late 1970 s, switched to watercolours. I didn t feel that oils were challenging enough. He explains that mistakes in oil paintings can be covered up, but with watercolour, it is impossible. No other medium can achieve such a clean impact of luminosity.
so many of the early French impressionists, he says. Out of this has evolved a mixed media style that is very distinctly his own. The work begins with a strong watercolour base, followed by the sharp contrast of pen and pencil lines, poster paint and felt pen with the occasional dab of acrylic. The results are works that combine impressionism and realism that
capture the detail of the image and yet convey a somewhat misty sense of colour and atmosphere. We see through our eyes, and not with our eyes. The mind does the seeing and evaluates a visual experience according to its degree of visual awareness, he says. Paraghamian has donated his art to multiple non-profit organizations, the biggest one being UNICEF Worldwide. He says, proudly, This is what makes an artist feel good: the fact that his or her work is raising funds for the needy around the globe, and at the same time giving visual enjoyment to the general public. He s also received the medal of l Ordre de la Pléiade, an international award, as a recognition for his philanthropy. Paraghamian has patiently created a dazzling portfolio of collections inspired by his travels to the world's most mesmerizing locations; including the breathtaking coastal cities of the French Riviera, the medieval churches of Armenia, the canals of Venice, the waterfronts of major cities in the United States, the ports of the Bahamas, and portrayals of local landmarks and urban areas of Canada's biggest cities, coast to coast. His work exemplifies true impression. His distinct strokes, impressive detail, emotion of colours, and ability to portray depth are a testament to the irreplaceable aspect of drawing through direct inspiration - and making the viewers nostalgic for places they have never been. Today, Paraghamian stands out as an accomplished artist, a testament to the fact that even after the Genocide, Armenian talent continues to excel and flourish worldwide.
A Tribute to Rev. Dr. Movses Janbazian
Attendees at a tribute event for Rev. Janbazian, Armenian Evangelical Church.
By Lori Janbazian Sarkisian A commemorative event honoring the late Rev. Dr. Movses Janbazian s memory was held on October 10 at the Armenian Evangelical Church of Toronto. The event, organized by the Church, was held to honor the 70th anniversary
of his birth and the15th anniversary of his death. Rev. Janbazian has served as the Executive Director of the Armenian Missionary Association of America (1987-2000). Clergy representing the Armenian churches of Toronto, members of Rev. Janbazian s immediate and extended family, as
Rev. Dr. Movses Janbazian
well as several members of the Toronto Armenian community took part in the commemorative event. In his opening remarks, the evening s Master of Ceremonies Mihran Jizmejian noted Rev. Janbazian s countless contributions to Armenian Evangelical Churches worldwide, his work within the Armenian Missionary
Associations, and highlighted their close personal relationship and experiences working together. During the event, the attendees listened to Lilit Smpadian s rendition of Aram Khachadourian s Gayane s Lullaby on the piano, Araz Tokjian s rendition of Chopin s Nocturne n. 20 and Nahabed Rusinian s Giligia on the violin, as well as soprano Sona Hovsepian s rendition of Medz Eh Havdarmutiunt and Rev. Armenag Missirians Hayr Mer . A video about Rev. Janbazian s life and work was presented, after which Zela Kakousian (Sarmazian) and Lori Sarkisian (Janbazian) introduced the two keynote speakers, Rev. Hovhannes Sarmazian and Rev. Dr. Rene Levonian. They spoke eloquently about Rev. Janbazian s commitment to the Armenian Church, the Armenian people, Armenia and Artsakh, and to humanity at large. Fathers Yeghia Kirejian, Pastor
of the St. Gregory Armenian Catholic Church of Toronto, Zareh Zargarian, Pastor of the Holy Trinity Armenian Apostolic Church of Toronto, and Stepanos Pashayan of St. Mary Armenian Apostolic Church, delivered their remarks in which they highlighted Rev. Janbazian s years of active service and commitment to the importance of interdenominational respect and comradery in the Armenian church. Remarks on behalf of the family were delivered by Rev. Janbazian s sister Ani Hasserjian (Janbazian), his son Vahak Janbazian, and his brother Hagop Janbazian. The commemoration event concluded with a prayer delivered by seven clergies, after which a reception was held in the Rev. Dr. Movses Janbazian fellowship Hall, where guests reminisced and shared memories of the honoree.
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ARMENIANS IN CANADA
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Berdj Sevazlian Honorary Consul of Armenia to Toronto
Traditions, Traditions??
By Talyn Terzian Gilmour
It s the time of year again when traditions take centre stage. The holidays are approaching and everyone every family, every social and religious group has their own way of celebrating all based on their traditions. But traditions aren t just about holidays or special events; they govern the way that we interact with one another in our day-to-day lives also. Traditions are developed over long periods: decades, centuries, millennia or so I thought. This year, I am spending the holiday season together with my own family, as a tenant in my parents house. For those who missed my previous post, let me catch you up. Aged forty-something, mother of 2 boys and wife of one very Mr. Niceguy, I m undertaking the ambitious project of renovating my house into my dream home (or as close to it as budget will allow!). It goes without saying (though must be said as both parents are avid readers of my work) that parents are making the ultimate sacrifice. I m sure that when my sister and I first moved out they must have breathed the largest sigh of relief: Finally They had accomplished what I believe all parents hope to achieve (which I now appreciate): two married daughters, established, homes of their own now they could relax. Until they took us in. Only months after they had taken in my younger sister and her family And only weeks after they completed their own renovations But (I believe) as parents, they d signed a deal (perhaps with God or the universe) and in so doing, upheld their traditions of always caring for family so on November 2 (Mr. Niceguy s birthday!!) we moved in. I had prepared my brood for how they d need to behave: be neat and tidy, no eating in front of the television, no yelling/screaming/fighting/pretend skiing or car racing in the house/and always, always finish all the contents on your plate. I thought I had it figured out what with years and years being under my parents roof surely things could not have changed that much, could they? What I hadn t banked on was just how much I would change (or come into my own) after flying the coop When I married Mr. Niceguy I thought to myself, I will absorb this man. I come from a culture that is as old as Ancient Egypt while his is only a few hundred years old. I will convert him to an Armenian and he will adopt all of our traditions, our ways of being he will no longer be phased by my air-trafficcontroller hand gesticulations or jump at my voice as I yell commands from just the other room as though I was on a trans-Atlantic telephone call circa 1979 incidentally my dad still does this whenever he s on a longdistance call even if it s just to my aunt and uncle in Hamilton! Oh how wrong I was. While Mr. Niceguy did get used to me and my ways (he loves mantee and dolma and even raises his voice above a whisper from time-to-time) I hadn t realized until I moved in with my parents just how many of his traditions I d adopted. He quietly, stealthily, converted me into a person who went from blurting, Huh? and What?! to Pardon? and Please. Living with my parents, I see where so many of my quirks and foibles come from but having had time apart, you really do develop your own traditions.
Our life has become so individualized: each of us has a schedule I volunteer, write, and am managing our home renovation; Mr. Niceguy has a full time job and is constantly in training mode for one obstacle race or another; and the 9-year-old and 5-year-old are a couple of jumping beans bouncing between school, soccer, swimming, piano, skiing, judo, jiu jitsu and everything else in between! We have what s a very modern grab-and-go lifestyle. We eat on the run, do homework on the run, catch-up on the run and perhaps the only two things we do staying still are video games and sleep. (And TV for me!!) Just the other day I was standing in the kitchen having breakfast for dinner: Elegant mom: What are you doing dear? Why are you eating like that, hunched over your plate? Why don t you sit down? Me: ***Food stuffed cheeks*** Pardon? Elegant mom: I said, why don t you sit down while you eat? And what is it that you re eating anyway? Are you having eggs? For DINNER??! Me: ***Swallow quickly don t talk with mouth full*** Yes. It s Wednesday. Wednesday is Judo night. I got the boys from school, cleaned up, did homework, made breakfast for dinner, and now I m just eating quickly so I can get them to their class Elegant mom: But eggs? For dinner? Surely dear they must need better nourishment. They re growing boys! Look here, I ve made green fasoolia with rice why don t you feed them what I made? And where s Mr. Niceguy? Should I fill a plate for him? Me: ***Totally exasperated I don t have time, I don t have time, I don t have time *** Mom I don t have time! I have to get them out of the door. Mr. Niceguy will take care of himself! Elegant mom: Take care of himself? No. That s not right. He must feel comfortable and be well fed in our home. You know dear, you must make time for good nutrition. Look at you. Did you sleep well? You know, if you don t take care of yourself This is one of just a myriad of interactions in a day. But I m beginning to realize that perhaps I shouldn t depart so quickly from my old traditions. While loud and food centric at times, these traditions are rooted in taking the time to have real interactions not just those on-the-go they value a slower, more humane pace and while I seldom have the patience for twenty questions ( Where d you go? What d you do? Who d you see? Who d you know? ), they re an indication of real, genuine interest and caring: the cornerstone of family. So, while you make your lists for Santa this year consider the gift of family and good friends. I am getting the gift of knowing my parents as the people they are now, Mr. Niceguy is getting a front-row seat to my history, and my children are not only getting to build memories with their grandparents, but getting first-hand experience with our rich and unique culture laced with ALL of our traditions. Now, if only I could put a stop to the teen angst flashbacks that keep cropping up like my chubby days, the mean girls, the countless crush dramas, getting caught, the heartbreaks and, and, and Merry Christmas and Happy New Year to you, your families and loved ones. May 2016 bring us all more.
Canadian Armenian Berdj Sevazlian was appointed as Honorary Consul of Armenia to Toronto, with jurisdiction in the province of Ontario. On November 12, at the Embassy of Armenia, Ambassador Armen Yeganian handed over to the newly appointed Honorary Consul the Exequatur (document for honorary consular officers) and the consular ID, received from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development of Canada. Yeganian congratulated Sevazlian on his appointment and wished him success in his mission. Sevazlian in his turn reaffirmed his readiness to work towards further development and strengthening of the relations between Armenia and Canada. The mission of the Honorary Consul would be to focus on the further enhancement of
Ambassador Armen Yeganian and Berdj Sevazlian
economic, cultural and educational aspects of the bilateral relations between Armenia and Canada.
ARS School Cross Country Team Wins 3 Medals
ARS cross country team
By Sam Manougian On October 7, the St. Peter s ACHS College School hosted its fourteenth annual Cross Country Race. Once again the race was held at the Mary Lake Shrine off Keele St. & Bloomington Rd. The ARS school cross country team made up of 34 athletes from grades 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 participated in 5 age group categories (boys and girls under 10, boys and girls under 12 and boys under 14). The team met at the ARS school at 7:30am and made their way to the cross country meet with their coaches and with the help of several volunteer parents. The ARS cross country team members have been working very hard and have been practicing every day after school. As the races for each age group started, all the ARS team runners showed a strong determination and
Forget-Me-Not ...
cont. from page 20
Suite , arranged for string ensemble by Nurhan Arman. This work was composed in 1941 shortly before the invasion of the USSR by Germany, and reflects the tension that gripped the composer because of the approaching war. No Armenian concert is complete without the inclusion of Komitas, the father of Armenian classical music, without whom, as Maestro Arman noted, none of this music would have existed . Indeed, the audience was treated to four encores, all works by Komitas. Melikian ended her performance with an unaccompanied and mesmerizing version of Tsirani Tsar . Papian s Groung , accompanied at the
ran extremely well and they all recorded excellent results. Three ARS team members received medals for finishing in the top 3 of all runners in their age group: Tro Karshafian: 1st place medal for finishing 1st among all the boys in the Under 10 age category. Sevan Marcarian: 2nd place medal for finishing 2nd among all the girls in the under 12 age category. Nicole Chochian: 3rd place medal for finishing 3rd among all the girls in the under 10 age category. Their experience as members of the ARS cross country team gave the students a strong work ethic as they showed up every day for practice and worked hard. Their running and fitness will help them as they continue to train and participate in other sports.
piano by Michael Berkovsky, brought the concert to an emotional high, drawing enthusiastic applause from the audience. Maestro Arman concluded the concert with the performance of two lively and popular works, Habrban and Dance of Vagharshapat arranged for string orchestra, bringing an ecstatic audience to its feet. The public greeted Maestro Arman, Sinfonia Toronto and the two outstanding soloists, violinist Nuné Melikian and soprano Hasmik Papian with a long standing ovation. Tremendous effort was put into making the Forget-Me-Not commemorative concert a uniquely inspiring and fulfilling experience that will remain engraved in our memories for a very long time.
ARMENIAN GENOCIDE 26 Geoffrey Robertson: Armenians can file a lawsuit against Germany ¸ºÎîºØ´ºð 2015 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 122
Armenians can file a lawsuit against Germany, which tolerated the Genocide, thus becoming an accomplice, Geoffrey Robertson, famous British barrister and member of the team representing Armenia in ECHR case against Perinçek told Los Angeles Public TV reporter. Robertson said he expected Armenians to initiate the reparations process long ago. Robertson also pointed out to the effective ways of doing this. Specifically, he said he once blamed Armenians for not initiating measures for reparations but at last Cilician Catholicosate filed a lawsuit with Turkish Constitutional Court to return the church property which the Turks
illegally took away in 1915. This, according to him, was the beginning, which he hopes will have a successful outcome. For the further success of the reparations process, Robertson proposed to also use the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), arguing that the occurrence was a crime against humanity. In Robertson s words, Armenians can file a lawsuit against Germany, since Germany was an accomplice in tolerating the Genocide: it could prevent it but never did that. According to him, Serbia was held liable for the Srebrenica Genocide on the same ground, since Milosevich knew what was going on but didn t take any
Argentine Ministry of Education Publishes Armenian Genocide Textbook
(Agencia Prensa Armenia) The Argentinian Ministry of Education presented a new textbook titled, Armenian Genocide: Questions, Answers and Proposals for Education, on November 17. The book is a teaching material produced in conjunction with the Armenian National Committee of South America. The presentation event was attended by Education Minister Alberto Sileoni, Director of the National Institute Against Discrimination, Xenophobia and Racism Pedro Mouratian, and Carolina Karagueuzian, Director of Armenian National Committee of Buenos Aires, along with a number of Ministry officials. Regarding the difficulty of teaching children about genocide, Alberto Sileoni said that, It is not true that the products we show our children have to eliminate the complexity. There is a way and an age to present them. If anything, the respect we have for children is that all these stories do not have a happy ending like in the movies. They have it in a human, much deeper way. This Ministry of Education was committed not only with the formation of the young, but also with the way the educational community has accompanied things that had been invisible for many years, said Pedro Mouratian. What has occurred in our country in terms of memory, truth and justice has been revolutionary and
refreshing, added. Carolina Karagueuzian noted that Argentina is the only country that publishes and disseminates educational material on [the] Armenian Genocide at the federal level . The material intends to address the genocide against the Armenians as one of the most atrocious events in the history of mankind, and also as one of the most important struggles of resistance to oblivion driven by the Armenian people, and accompanied by all those who sympathized with the understanding that impunity for such crimes not only involves the people who fell victim, but represents an injury to all humanity, said Karagueuzian. During the event, a chapter of Zamba was also presented, a children educational show by PakaPaka, a TV channel of the Ministry of Education. The amazing lesson of Zamba about Memory, tells the journey of Zamba, the protagonist, as he visits the various genocides of the twentieth century. The journey begins with Anne Frank in Amsterdam, and continues to Mount Ararat with the Armenian poet Vahan Tekeyan. Then, Zamba and his friends meet the indigenous leader Rigoberta Menchu in Guatemala, and then Immacule Ilibagiza, a young Tutsi during the genocide in Rwanda. The chapter was aired several times that week on Argentina s Public television network.
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measures. Referring to the comment that Turkey is one of the main NATO states the partnership with whom is important for the West, Geoffrey Robertson said that Turkey s value in the eyes of the West is undeniable, but the historical facts are above all. According to him, Turkey can close its airports for NATO States if they acknowledge the Armenian Genocide, but the facts are undeniable. Robertson also explained that this was exactly the reason why he named his book An Inconvenient Genocide, since the fact of the Armenian Genocide causes many inconveniences to the West.
Documents on Armenian Genocide from Vatican Archive Published in 7-Volume Set
The Pontifical Oriental Institute of Santa Maria Maggiore, the premier center for the study of Eastern Christianity in Rome, held a special presentation event for a unique seven-volume set of books on the Armenian Genocide by Father Georges-Henri Ruyssen on November 21. The event was organized by the Embassy of Armenia in the Holy See. Rector of the Pontifical Oriental Institute David Nazar, founder of the Community of Sant Egidio Andrea Riccardi, president of the Community of Sant Egidio Marco Impagliazzo, clergymen of the Armenian Apostolic and Catholic churches, political representatives, and members of Armenian community in Italy were among the participants of the event. The publication presents all the documents on the Armenian Genocide from the period of the Hamidian massacres till the post-Genocide
years of Kemalist rule preserved in the Vatican closed archives, and provides a full picture of all the stages of the Genocide, from planning to implementation. Ambassador of Armenia to the Holy See Mikael Minasyan stressed the fact that the seven-volume set is a significant achievement for genocide studies and contributes to the history of both the Armenian people and the Turkish people as well. The work by Father Ruyssen helps us to trace back the facts. It helps us to read the past thus learning the lessons for the future, Minasyan said. Minasyan presented Father Georges-Henri Ruyssen the Order of Honor awarded by the President of Armenia for his contribution to Armenian Studies and for his dissemination of spiritual values.
Irish city commemorates Armenian Genocide with special exhibition The Armenian Genocide has been commemorated with a special exhibition of photographs at Cork City Library, Ireland, the Irish Times reports. The Iconic Images of the Armenian Genocide officially opened by Lord Mayor of Cork, Cllr Chris O Leary features a series of old photographs which depict the genocide of 1.5 million Armenians living in what is now present day Turkey. One of the organizers, Jimmy Lynch explained that the exhibition has been put together by the Armenian community in Ireland to mark the centenary of the Genocide and it is based on an original project by the Armenian National Institute and Armenian organizations in the U.S. In Ireland we rightly remember what happened in World War I in places such as Gallipoli and Suvla Bay where many Irish suffered and died but we should also be aware of what happened in Armenia this is an important and emotional year for the Armenian community in Ireland and worldwide. They will be remembering and commemorating what happened to their family antecedents in those dark times from 1915 to
1918 and the people of Cork can share in that remembrance by visiting and viewing the exhibition in Cork City Library, he said. According to Lynch, the panels of photographs depict the various aspects of the Genocide, known in Armenian as Medz Yeghern, including executions, massacres, deportations and starvation of Armenians within the Ottoman Empire by the Young Turk movement. Together these photographs recreate a sense of the terror exercised by the Young Turk regime and reveal the extent of the dispossession and decimation of the Armenian people in their historic homeland, said Lynch. With panels displaying photographs of survivors, rescued women, homeless children and refugees, the scale and depth of the uprooting of the Armenian people is revealed, said Mr Lynch. Many of the images were taken in the teeth of a strictly enforced ban on photography by the Ottoman authorities and the collection represents photographs that survived and were scattered across several continents before being brought together, he added.
ARMENIAN GENOCIDE 27 27 Only 35% of Americans Are Aware There was an Armenian Genocide ¸ºÎîºØ´ºð 2015 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 122
By Harut Sassounian For the first time, a prestigious nationwide survey, conducted on November 9 by Zogby Analytics, reveals the extent of the American public s knowledge and opinion on the Armenian Genocide and Artsakh (Karabagh). The survey results, made available exclusively to this writer, have a +/- 3.1% margin of error. To the question, are you aware that there was an Armenian Genocide, surprisingly only 34.8% of those surveyed answered yes ; 49.6% no ; and 15.6% not sure. One would have expected that a much higher percentage of U.S. citizens would be aware of the Armenian Genocide, particularly after the large-scale Centennial commemorative events this year. The fact that half of all Americans have never heard of the Genocide of 1.5 million Armenians indicates that a major effort is needed to educate the public. Zogby Analytics provides extensive information about the background of the participants in the survey. Here are some interesting details: -- While male respondents are evenly divided on the above question, there is a serious imbalance among women -- twice as many females are unaware of the Armenian Genocide compared to those who are. -- Around half of all respondents are equally ignorant about the
Armenian Genocide, regardless of political party affiliation. Liberals are slightly more knowledgeable than Moderates and Conservatives. Surprisingly, the majority of Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street sympathizers are cognizant of the Armenian Genocide. -- College graduates are more likely to know about the Armenian Genocide than those who are not. -- The age group 25-34 is the most knowledgeable about the Armenian Genocide, while the least knowledgeable is the age group 3553. -- Hispanics are far more knowledgeable than Whites about the Armenian Genocide; AfricanAmericans and Asian-Americans are the least knowledgeable. -- Catholics are more aware of the Armenian Genocide than Protestants. -- West Coast Americans are more aware of the Armenian Genocide than their counterparts in the East; while those living in Central and Southern U.S. are the least knowledgeable. -- Americans with the highest income category ($100,000+) know the most about the Armenian Genocide; those making $35,000$50,000 a year know the least. In summary, the American most informed about the Armenian Genocide is: male, right or left wing political activist, college graduate, 25-34 years old, Hispanic, Catholic, lives on the West Coast, and makes
over $100,000 a year; whereas the American least informed about the Armenian Genocide is: female, mainstream political party member, not a college graduate, 35-53 years old, African-American or AsianAmerican, Protestant, lives in the Central or Southern states, and makes $35,000 to $50,000 a year. Here are eight other genocide and Artsakh-related questions that survey participants were asked to answer: -- 46.5% of Americans agree that the United States government should call on Turkey to publicly admit the Armenian Genocide; 16.1% disagree; and 37.4% don't know. -- 39% agree that the U.S. Congress should pass a resolution recognizing the Armenian Genocide even if it risks destroying diplomatic relations with a key, strategic ally in the Middle East ; 22.5% disagree; and 38.5% don t know. -- 63.2% agree that if an ally of the United States initiates a program to eradicate, persecute or displace populations within their own country, the U.S. should end economic and/or military aid to that ally ; 10.5% disagree; and 26.3% don t know. -- 20.1% believe that when a country commits genocide, it should pay reparations in cash ; 11.8% say that it should compensate by returning the occupied land ; 10.7%, by other symbolic act ; 9.4%, no reparations should be paid ; and 48% don t know.
US Congressmen introduce a bipartisan bill to recognize the Armenian Genocide, March 18, Washington DC.
-- 31.3% believe that the United Nations should determine what the reparations should be when genocide is committed; 23.8% say it should be decided by the International Criminal Court; 12.1%, the United States Congress; 3%, Amnesty International; 2.5%, the European Court of Human Rights; 0.8%, the Pope; and 26.5% don t know. -- 37.9% believe that the United States should use economic sanctions against a country that refuses to recognize and take responsibility for its crimes against humanity ; 16.4% say the U.S. should use political/diplomatic pressure ; 8.6%, embargo ; 2.6%, the U.S. should declare war; 4.5%, do nothing ; and 30% don t know.
-- 38.3% agree that the United States should intervene if Azerbaijan acts to expel the ethnic Christian Armenians [of Artsakh] who have resided there for centuries ; 21.8% disagree; and 39.9% don t know. -- 40.4% agree that if Azerbaijan attacks Artsakh, the United States should call on Israel, which is selling sophisticated weapons to Baku, to cut off its diplomatic relations with Azerbaijan; 16.9% disagree; and 42.7% don t know. This first of its kind survey could serve as a valuable guide to the Armenian-American community to know where to concentrate its educational efforts and lobbying resources.
Turkey: Is Restitution of Camp Armen Sign of Greater Public Tolerance? By Alexander Christie-Miller Eurasianet- A campaign for the restitution of an historic Armenian orphanage in Istanbul is highlighting a shift in attitudes in Turkey toward greater tolerance for long-persecuted, non-Muslim communities. On October 27, lawyers for the Gedikpa a Armenian Protestant Church Foundation announced they had reacquired the deed to Camp Armen once part of a boarding school and orphanage for poor ethnic Armenian children 32 years after it was ostensibly confiscated by the state. The return of the property, and its rescue from demolition, came after intervention by Turkey s Islamist-rooted government, as well as a grassroots campaign that reached far beyond the ethnic Armenian community and culminated in a 175-day occupation of the site by protesters. It s unbelievable, said Silva Özyerli, a former Camp Armen pupil who closely followed the restitution struggle. For the first time, we tried to get our own rights, and we got them with everyone supporting us atheists, Muslims, Kurds. As a Turkish Armenian, it makes me so proud. Camp Armen s return, first agreed upon in May, came ahead of the November 1 general elections in which Turkish Armenian candidates for three different parties were again elected to parliament, after first gaining seats in June, when they made political history. Two days before its announced return, EurasiaNet.org visited the derelict property in the Tuzla district on Istanbul s Asian side. At the site, none of the roughly dozen activists, most in their early 20s, was Armenian. Their stories suggest how attitudes toward race and nationalism are shifting in a society whose identity was forged in the 20th century through state-driven Turkification. All of us have in our history massacres and oppression by the state. We re fed up with it, and we want to finish it, and that s why we re fighting, said lknur Y lmaz, 19, a member of the Hem in community, a Muslim minority group that speaks a dialect close to Armenian. Until
I was 16, I thought I was an ordinary Turkish Sunni Muslim, she said. But after I learned of my assimilation, I began to feel closer to Armenians and Kurds. She learned of her link to Armenians after hearing the language spoken on a television documentary and realizing she could understand it. Older generations of Hem in, she noted, still tend to affirm their Turkishness. I told my grandmother that we must be connected to Armenians, but she said, No, we have nothing to do with them, she said. They re rejecting their roots and they re continuing their lives as Turks. The property s story itself serves as a microcosm of the travails of Turkey s minority groups through the past century. A banner hanging from one wall read The Genocide is continuing, a reference to the 1915-18massacre and systematic deportation by Ottoman authorities of almost all of Anatolia s ethnic Armenians, an upheaval in which hundreds of thousands died. The descendants of those who survived today number around 70,000 in Turkey, with the majority living in Istanbul. Camp Armen was opened in 1962 to provide Armenian youth with an education that would allow them to hold on to their culture and religion. Camp Armen was where we could learn our life, language, culture values, recollected former pupil Özyerli, 50, a native of the southeastern, majority Kurdish city of Diyarbakir who attended Camp Armen with her elder sister in 1970. There were almost 400 children from different regions of Anatolia and we were like one big, whole family. In 1974, a new law called for the confiscation of properties acquired by ethnicminority foundations after 1936. The state gained control of the orphanage in 1982 after a prolonged legal battle, and later sold it to a private owner. Left abandoned, it has since changed hands seven times. This past May, its most recent owner, businessman Fatih Ulusoy, gained official permission to redevelop the site for private residences. A 2011 law that provides for the
Nor Zartonk Youth Movement holds a demonstration in Istanbul for the return of camp Armen to its owner, May 22, 2015.
compensation or return of confiscated minorityowned properties only includes those still held by the state, and made no provisions for the vast majority of former ethnic Armenian holdings now in private hands. The camp s plight garnered attention partly through its connection to Hrant Dink, the slain editor of Turkey s ethnic Armenian newspaper Agos, who had attended the orphanage as a child. His 2007 murder prompted an outpouring of anger that proved a turning point in changing public attitudes toward Turkish Armenians. Scores of mainly left-wing activists flocked to Camp Armen in May, halting the demolition. But the Gedikpa a Foundation, the orphanage s original owner, claims it was lobbying by Turkish government officials that proved critical in ultimately persuading Ulusoy to donate the property in return for unspecified compensation. I met with [Prime Minister Ahmet Davuto lu], and he declared that no matter what, we will return Camp Armen, said Kirkor A abalo lu, a representative of the Gedikpa a Foundation, which plans to restore the building as an orphanage. The government fixed this issue. Since coming to power in 2002, the ruling
Islamist-rooted Justice and Development Party (AKP) has at times shown greater tolerance than previous governments for Turkey s nonMuslim minorities. Even so, some government critics contend the AKP, along with President Recep Tayyip Erdo an, sometimes use derogatory comments about minority groups, including the Armenian lobby, to help mobilize the party s right-wing, often nationalist base. On two occasions in August, groups of Turkish nationalists armed with clubs not known to be connected with the AKP attacked the protesters. Even with the return of Camp Armen, some activists voice doubts about the extent to which the government accepts minorities as equals under the law. Sayat Tekir, spokesperson for Nor Zartonk, a Turkish-Armenian activist site, believes that the Turkish government still doesn t see us as citizens of this country, but concedes that society is changing. We re at a further point than where we were, Tekir said. Now everyone recognizes that Camp Armen was taken away from us in a very unjust way.
ARMENIA 28 Outbound migration takes a toll on Gegharkunik s largest village Vardenik ¸ºÎîºØ´ºð 2015 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 122
By Gayane Mkrtchyan (ArmeniaNow)- During this time of the year, in late fall, Armenian labor migrants, who leave the country in spring, start coming back. Most of them are from provinces. In terms of labor migrants the Geghrakunik province is among the leaders in Armenia. The destination for most Armenian labor migrants are the cities in Russia, such as capital Moscow, Tyumen, Perm, Nizhny Novgorod, and Volgograd. Among labor migrants, often with their families, are also people from one of the largest villages in Armenia, from Vardenik in the Gegharkunik province. Villagers from Vardenik, which is about 140 kilometers to the northeast of capital Yerevan, unable to overcome the socio-economic difficulties, leave their native village, some temporarily and some permanently. In the Badalyans family from Vardenik three-generation members are sitting side by side: the grandfather, the son, and the grandson. This is a situation that you do not always come across in the village. The father, Andranik Badalyan, says that he returned from Perm a week ago. I was a labor migrant for 10 years. I drove a truck. I am very unhappy, the ruble has devalued, we barely get half the money we used to earn, 500-600 dollars. All of us are in a low mood. There is no point in staying either. We have to go and stay there as homeless people. I have to get up and start driving from five in the morning, 1,200 or 1,000 km a day. I stayed there for six months and I had been
given nothing but noodles and pasta. I hadn t been even paid, so I came back without money. And 90 percent of Armenian labor migrants are in the same condition. We don t know what to do, we cannot even stay here, there s no job in the village, complains Andranik Badalyan. Andranik s father, 78-year-old Stepan Badalyan, swoops in the conversation: In the Soviet times we used to get wages, bonuses... I worked in a car-driving school, my wife was a nurse in kindergarten, there was stoneprocessing factory in the village, lived a good life. Now this reality is only toil. The Badalyans have produced one ton of potatoes this year. Andranik s wife Karine Badalyan says that they will sell them at a price of 100 to 120 drams (about $20 cents) per kilo, if the buyers get to the village. She complains of their lives, of working a lot, but earning little, of the difficult situation, in which farmers are, of loans and taxes. Badalyans neighbor Zarik Nersisyan s two sons and daughter, with their families, have been living in Moscow for already eight years, but Zarik says he is not going to leave the village. I do not like living abroad. My country, my home is here, which is the result of my whole life, of 40 years of effort. We have created it with working hard on the land. How can we leave it? he says. Half of the population of Vardenik is abroad. How can we leave? Once you leave your house you cannot take a good care of your property. So we ll stay and wait hoping
Government Sees No Economic Betterment In 2016
Prime Minister Hovik Abrahamian presents the draft 2016 state budget to parliament committees, 2 November 2015.
Ruzanna Stepanian (RFE/RL)- The socioeconomic situation in Armenia is unlikely to markedly improve next year due to slower GDP growth anticipated by the government, Prime Minister Hovik Abrahamian said recently. In the context of tense geopolitical developments, promising an immediate betterment of all aspects of social welfare would be a populistic but not honest approach, Abrahamian told lawmakers as he presented his cabinet s draft 2016 budget. The proposed budget envisages only a marginal increase in government spending, which will not translate into increases in public sector salaries, pensions and poverty benefits. It is based on the assumption that the Armenian economy will grow by 2.2 percent in 2016. Although the government expects faster growth this year, Abrahamian cited authoritative economists and international structures as saying that the wider region is now facing even more serious economic challenges than during the 2008-2009 global financial crisis. He singled out the collapse in oil prices, which has plunged Russia into recession and cut vital remittances from Armenian migrant workers. In the face of such deterioration, our sole path to social welfare is to create jobs by means of stimulating investments and ensuring economic growth, the premier told members of the parliament committees dealing social
and economic issues. It is essential to stimulate domestic manufacturers and foster exports. The grim economic outlook prompted strong criticism from an outspoken opposition lawmaker, former Prime Minister Hrant Bagratian. He accused the government of lacking the ambition to improve the lives of ordinary Armenians. Bagratian also dismissed Abrahamian s pledges to facilitate job creation, saying that it will be hampered by domestic oligopolies led by government-linked individuals. Our problem is that only 10 people invest, he claimed. We don t let the economy decentralize itself so that its benefits trickle down to everyone. Only 7.5 percent of the population is selfemployed, complained the oppositionist. It should have been 45 percent. Abrahamian and some members of his cabinet, notably Finance Minister Gagik Khachatrian, have extensive business interests which critics say make them disinterested in genuine reforms. Khachatrian insisted on Monday that the scale of government corruption and economic monopolization is grossly exaggerated by Armenian media critical of the authorities. The public buys into what you, the media, spread, he told reporters. Because of you and us, the public, as a rule, accepts bad news more easily than positive news.
that one day they ll come back. They are there for earning their living, says the woman s husband Serob Nersisyan. The spouses got three tons of potatoes from their 1,800-square-meter plot of land this year. They are waiting for potato prices to go up a little and to start selling their produce then. I have produced potatoes, cabbages, whereas they import Turkish ones. Why don t they let Georgians come and buy the potatoes? Is it fair? They spoil our potatoes, Nersisyan complains. They have bought two cows by a loan. They are trying to overcome the difficulties. However, there are a lot of expenses.
This year, a sheaf of hay for the cattle is 1,800 drams (about $4). One cow needs up to 90 sheaves of hay to live through winter. To plow a hectare of land they want 45,000 drams (about $95). They sometimes do it on credit. What can they do? says Zarik Nersisyan. From social problems shifting to politics, that is the constitutional referendum on December 6, they say with indifference that they are not interested in it at all. Andranik Badalyan is sure that their voting makes a little difference. I m against. What do they think of the people? Our vote is of no value: they will elect the president they want, and will appoint the prime minster they want. They do it in a way which is profitable for them.
New Loans Add To Armenian Debt Burden
A weekly cabinet meeting in Yerevan, 26 March 2015.
(RFE/RL)- The Armenian government has obtained more than $450 million in fresh loans from multilateral lending institutions over the past week, raising Armenia s total foreign debt to over $4.5 billion. The combined debt incurred by the government and the Central Bank of Armenia (CBA) stood at well below $2 billion before a severe recession in 2009. It is now equivalent to more than 40 of the country s Gross Domestic Product. Last week the government secured two loans worth a total of $153 million from the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank. It formally approved on Thursday a deal with the Moscow-based Eurasian Development Bank (EDB) that will lend it $300 million in three installments. A government statement said that the EDB s budgetary support loan will be repayable in 20 years, with a 10-year grace period. It said the low-interest credit will be
spent on boosting financial stability in the Armenian energy sector, making management of state finances more efficient, and improving the domestic business environment. The statement gave no other details. The government s press office did not immediately clarify just how the money will be used by the government. It promised to clarify the matter in the coming days. Even before the latest loans, opposition politicians and other critics of the government expressed concern at the increased foreign debt, saying that Armenia may have trouble servicing it in the future. They have also accused the authorities of wasting more than $2 billion that has been borrowed by them during President Serzh Sarkisian s rule. Economy Minister Karen Chshmaritian dismissed those concerns after Thursday s cabinet meeting in Yerevan. He insisted that the debt burden remains manageable.
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ARMENIA
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Armenia: Who Benefits from Constitutional Reform? By Marianna Grigoryan (EurasiaNet)- On the surface, proposed constitutional amendments in Armenia would transform the country s political system from a presidential to a parliamentary republic. But many Armenians worry that that changes could cement incumbent authorities grip on power. Government leaders hotly deny that ulterior motives prompted them to propose the amendments last April. Nevertheless, the December 6 referendum to determine the amendments fate has turned into a debate over Armenia s political identity. The amendments are wide-ranging, but most public discussion has focused on those that would alter the political system. Under the proposed changes, the party that controls a parliamentary majority would form the government; at present, the Republican Party of Armenia (RPA) enjoys a comfortable majority. If no stable parliamentary majority is formed as a result of an election or through building of a political coalition, a second round of election may be held, the amendments specify. The amendments also call for the number of parliamentary seats to be reduced from 131 at present to 101. The party that controls a majority would propose the prime minister, who would have expanded executive powers and be the supreme commander of the armed forces. The most significant changes would concern the presidency. The presidential term would be extended to seven years from its current five, but the chief executive would be limited to only one term, instead of the existing two-term limitation. The president has been directly elected by the population, but under the changes, the chief executive would be largely a figurehead with no veto authority, selected by parliament. In addition, anyone elected as president could not be formally affiliated with any political party. Having been in politics for 25 years, leaving office in 2018 is not expected to come easy for Armenia s incumbent, two-term president, 61-year-old Serzh Sargsyan. His Republican Party of Armenia has likewise held the reins of government since 2000. Currently, the party does not have to contend with a robust opposition rival. The constitutional amendments, many
analysts and opposition activists contend, would enable Sargsyan to retain a substantial amount of influence, given his position as RPA party leader, and make it much more difficult to dislodge the RPA from power. Given Armenia s recent political experience, most notably the deadly clashes that followed the controversial 2008 presidential election, many are concerned that eliminating the direct election of the president would dilute the general population s ability to check the excessive accumulation of authority by an individual or political faction. Sargsyan, who claims not to have any ambition to hold high political office in the future, insists the reforms are intended to place Armenia on more stable political ground. Human rights and the protection of freedom will be put on a higher level, he predicted in an October 23 speech in Yerevan. The branches of governmental institutions will be balanced, the responsibilities and authority of each of those institutions will be harmonized. The institutional role of the opposition will be empowered. In its latest opinion, the Council of Europe s Venice Commission, which advises the intergovernmental human-rights body on constitutional law, deemed that drafts of the Armenian amendments on the whole provided a very good basis for the constitutional reform. Some proposed amendments have received broad public backing in Armenia, including a provisions providing for term limits for judges and state compensation for victims of judicial error. Nonetheless, suspicions persist about the political provisions. Given the RPA s 15 years in power, introducing a parliamentary system of government is an attempt to make all electoral processes manageable and predictable, alleged civic activist Zara Hovhannisian, by getting rid of the presidential office as an elected body, We know that in Armenia the main mobilization [of voters] and a window for changes open during the presidential elections, Hovhannisian added. The government s reproduction will continue without interruption, agreed 40-yearold economist Vahagn Martirosian at an October 30 rally in Yerevan against the
New Armenia Opposition group protesters at the Liberty Square, December1st, Yerevan.
amendments. When people had one hope, presidential elections, they limit even that. Stepan Danielian, chairperson of the Partnership for Democracy center, noted that the same kind of process has also occurred in other post-Soviet countries. Strongmen leaders, with little or no serious opposition, all run Armenia s co-members in the Eurasian Economic Union Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia. In the Caucasus, the same party has ruled Armenia s eastern neighbor, Azerbaijan, since 1996. To the north, in Georgia, a country that switched to a parliamentary system in 2012, allegations persist that the ruling coalition s billionaire founder, ex-prime minister Bidzina Ivanishvili, remotely controls the government. An ongoing, controversial court case likewise is raising suspicions among some in Tbilisi that incumbent authorities there are trying to manipulate the judiciary in order to preserve their own power. In Yerevan, Vardan Oskanian, a former foreign minister who is now a Sargsyan administration critic, speculated that, in Armenia s case, the proposed changes come not because it is necessary, but rather because for someone or for a group of individuals and/or political force, [the presidential system of government] is no longer convenient. The RPA s parliamentary faction leader, Vahram Baghdasarian, dismissed the notion that personal motives are behind the changes.
Armenian Government Claims Further Drop In Poverty
(Azatutyun) - Poverty in Armenia fell in 2014 for the fourth consecutive year, the National Statistical Service (NSS) announced, presenting the findings of its latest nationwide household income survey. The survey conducted last year found that 30 percent of Armenians lived below the official poverty line set at just over 42,600 drams ($84) per person. The NSS registered a poverty rate of 32 percent in 2013. Three in ten residents of the country did not surpass the monthly income level of 40,264 drams, Diana Martirosova, a senior NSS official in charge of the survey, told a news
conference. She attributed the decreased rate to the fact that the Armenian economy grew by 3.5 percent in 2014. Poverty in Armenia fell more rapidly during an almost a decade of double-digit economic growth that came to an end with the onset of a global financial crisis in late 2008. The Armenian poverty rate stood at 27.6 percent at that time. It soared to almost 36 percent in 2010, one year after the country s Gross Domestic Product shrunk by over 14 percent. The Armenian economy is still reeling from that severe recession, growing much more slowly than before 2009. Economic growth is
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expected to remain sluggish this year and in 2016 due to knock-on effects of an ongoing recession in Russia. This is why the Armenian government s draft 2016 budget envisages virtually no rises in public sector salaries, pensions and poverty benefits. Opposition politicians and other critics of the government say that with inflation averaging roughly 4 percent annually, this means that many Armenians will be worse off in real terms next year. The critics are bound to question the latest poverty figures by saying that the official poverty line is set too low given the cost of living in the country. Stepan Mnatsakanian, the NSS head also present at the news conference, insisted that his agency used objective criteria for measuring the scale of poverty. He admitted, though, that his family spends each month over 50,000 drams on utility fees alone. According to the NSS, the official monthly wage in Armenia stood at almost 185,000 drams ($385) as of September, up by 7 percent from the same period in 2014.
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With the constitutional changes, Serzh Sargsyan does not pursue any objectives related to himself, Baghdasarian insisted to EurasiaNet.org. The changes are planned solely for the prosperous future of the country. But political analyst Stepan Grigorian, head of the non-profit Armenian Analytical Center on Globalization and Regional Cooperation, cites Armenia s record of trouble with corruption, alleged election fraud and government-linked business monopolies. We have a problem with applying laws, said Grigorian. We must think about how to apply laws. It was only last month that Sargsyan set the date for the referendum in early December. With scores of articles affected, a group of 60 civil-society organizations stated in October that voters needed more time to study and digest the proposed changes in order to cast an informed vote. The organizations, including the Open Society Foundation Armenia (OSFA), are conducting regional public information campaigns. [Editor s note: OSFA is part of the Soros Foundations Network. EurasiaNet operates under the auspices of the New Yorkbased Open Society Foundations, a separate entity in the network]. The changes will be adopted if more than half of Armenia s roughly 2.5 million registered voters approve the measures. Turnout must be at least 33 percent.
Education Minister To Host TV Talk Show (RFE/RL)- Education Minister Armen Ashotian pledged to invite opposition leaders and ask government loyalists awkward questions during a political talk show which he will soon host on Armenian state television. Ashotian, who is also a deputy chairman of the ruling Republican Party (HHK) said that he was offered to moderate the weekly program called Triangle by the management of the state-run Public Television. I would never think that I will be that person, he told reporters. Ashotian said that the show will feature political figures representing a wide of parties, including those in opposition to President Serzh Sarkisian. He insisted that he will have no black list of oppositionists who cannot be its guests. Ashotian, who has long been active in disseminating government messages through social media, bristled at suggestions that he cannot be an impartial TV host because of his government post and staunch support for Sarkisian. I m a broad-minded person regardless of what positions I hold, he said, promising to put the most awkward questions to all of his guests. Ashotian acknowledged that the upcoming referendum on Sarkisian s controversial constitutional changes will be a major topic of his first TV programs. Like a host of other senior government officials, the 40-year-old minister is a member of the central coordinating office of the HHK s unfolding campaign for a Yes vote in the December 6 referendum. He said he will perform mental work in the Yes campaign but did not elaborate.
ARMENIA 30 Construction of Vardenis-Martakert Highway to be completed by late 2016 ¸ºÎîºØ´ºð 2015 IJ. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 122
The second phase of the construction of the Vardenis-Martakert Highway is underway. The large-scale project is being implemented by the Hayastan All-Armenian Fund, with proceeds from its 2013 and 2014 Thanksgiving-Day Telethons, and additional financial support from the governments of Armenia and Nagorno Karabakh. Slated to be completed by the end of 2016, the project will continue to be carried out by the Hayastan AllArmenian Fund in tandem with other development and assistance projects. The highway s construction, including the reconstruction of existing stretches of road which were too narrow and had fallen into disrepair, is being performed simultaneously by five roadconstruction companies for optimal efficiency and on-time delivery. Toward this goal, their work has been divided into 12 highway segments. The close to 116-kilometer highway has a width of ten or more meters, seven meters of which will comprise paved surfaces for traffic. In the course of the past year, crews have performed earthwork and installed engineering systems and fittings including drainage grates and pipes, embankments, crash barriers, and retaining walls. In addition, a total of 17 big and small bridges along the
route were built or refurbished. Currently sections of the highway are being asphalted and sidewalks are being built in stretches which pass through communities, especially those of Getavan and Yeghegnut. To ensure the highest possible asphalt quality, components such as gravel, sand, and other organic matter sourced from various areas as well as finished asphalt specimens are periodically being lab-tested. As of November 1, 2015, more than 49 kilometers of the highway have been paved with two layers of asphalt. Arthwork is being performed in the remaining segments of the route. Work will continue as long as average daytime temperatures remain around 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit). During winter, various preparatory activities and maintenance will be performed. These will include stocking of gravel, sand, and other key materials, repairs and maintenance of asphalt and road-construction machinery and equipment, as well as acquisition of new equipment as needed, in preparation of resuming construction work next spring. During the entire course of the project so far, the route has remained open to car traffic.
When completed, the VardenisMartakert Highway will not only function as an additional lifeline between northern Armenia and northern Artsakh, significantly cutting down travel times, but will also strengthen links between communities and boost the overall economies and specifically tourism industries of the twin republics. The highway will also provide travelers with unprecedented ease to visit historic and cultural sites and enjoy the natural beauty of our homeland. In recent years, the Hayastan AllArmenian Fund has implemented several infrastructure and commu-nitydevelopment projects in towns and villages near the Vardenis-Martakert Highway. Karvachar and Getavan now enjoy normal access to water, while Chapar, Verin Hora-tagh, and Vaghuhas have new schools. Currently the fund is building multifunctional community centers in Getavan and Kochoghut. The Vardenis-Martakert Highway will pave the way for new socioeconomic infrastructures which will improve the daily lives of local communities. Moreover, it will create business opportunities and boost general development, providing villagers with stable incomes and helping raise living standards.
Raising Environmental Stewards One Classroom at a Time On an early autumn day the sixth grade class from Yerevan s School No. 160 visits Armenia Tree Project s nursery in Karin Village for a lesson on the environment. Accompanied by their history teacher, the class is greeted by ATP s environmental education teacher, Nvard Gevorgyan. The Michael and Virginia Ohanian Environmental Education Center at Karin Nursery is visited by students from all over the country almost every day, mostly by schoolchildren but also by university students. Students learn about the importance of protecting the environment by having theoretical classes, visiting the fields of the nursery and participating in the work. Now, more than ever, Armenia is in desperate need of environmental stewards to protect its natural heritage. Mass deforestation is a major issue, as in the past month alone, 1,000 trees were cut from the forests in Lori. If the trend of deforestation continues at the current rate, Armenia could have virtually no forests left by 2020.
But how can people be expected to value nature, when they are so detached from it? The children of today mostly grow up indoors. They are strangers to the natural world we live in. Not only does this lifestyle present a danger to their health but that of our planet as well. The earth is under great threat when those who are responsible for creating a sustainable future are indifferent when it comes to environmental issues. ATP believes the answer is in education. As one of its core programs, ATP has been working hard to instill respect, care and understanding towards nature in young generations of Armenians. Thousands of children visit ATP s two Ohanian education centers each year-one in Karin and another in Margahovit Village--and receive lessons to raise interest, appreciation and awareness of natural ecosystems and sustainable practices. Today s environmental class, led by Nvard, begins with the fascinating life and diversity of insects. The children watch a colorful slideshow and listen with eyes wide open to stories about the curious shape of
insects eggs, up to the impressive journeys of the monarch butterfly. The class teacher is excited about the visit: After several kids from our school visited the ATP center I got interested in the project. This is the second class I ve brought to participate in the environmental lessons. Next, Alla wants students to plant trees in their schoolyard. The process of planting a tree, looking after it, taking care of it this will be a special experience for my kids, she says. After being asked why environmental education is so important for her, Alla says, One can observe a change in the behavior of the children after visiting ATP. When I go to the next excursion with these children they won t leave their litter behind, they will care more about nature. Isn t that reason enough? Next, the children go outside to the fields of the nursery, discovering the diversity of species in the gardens of Karin, where approximately 60 fruit and decorative trees are cultivated. They admire colorful flowers, decorative shrubs and the rich fruit. These short visits make the students realize just how powerful
APT s Vnard Gevorkyan with students
they are. They begin to understand how big of an impact each action or inaction of theirs can have on the environment. Nvard plants seeds of consciousness in them, which with the proper care will to grow and help them become responsible citizens and advocates of change. At the end of the day, Nvard talks with the children about their impressions and asks what they liked most about their visit. A boy named Ruben steps to the front and says he
liked the beautiful flowers most. He adds that he liked seeing a pomegranate hanging on a tree for the first time. Alen says he was surprised to learn about all the different species of firs. He also saw trees he didn t even know existed. Jana and Ellen found it fascinating to learn about the lives of insects and how the caterpillar becomes a butterfly. Nvard nods at that and adds, True, this is one of the biggest wonders of nature.
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FAMOUS ARMENIANS
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Dr. Mego Terzian President of ''Doctors without Borders'' (100 LIVES)- Dr. Mégo Terzian, president of Medicines san Frontières (Doctors without Borders) in France, has worked with the Nobel Peace Prize-winning international medical organization for over 15 years. Growing up during civil war in Lebanon cemented his profound dedication to delivering healthcare to some of the world s most war-torn regions. Mguerditch Terzian, or Mégo, as he calls himself, welcomes guests to his small office on the second floor of Médecins sans Frontières (MSF), a multinational humanitarian organization, with humility. His French is melodic, and though his accent is Lebanese, it is tinged with the sound of all the places he has worked during his career at MSF, from Africa to Asia. Since 2013 Mégo has been leading the French division of this NGO, which numbers some 32,000 staff members in over 62 countries. A grandson of Armenian Mego Terzian operating in Afghanistan Genocide survivors, he doesn t feel the need to flaunt his origins to feel Armenian. sandjak, fled to Syria and settled in Damascus, where Mégo s maternal grandfather Garabed Sumundjian became a cook. Never-ending violence Mégo was named after his paternal grandfather, Mguerditch. His family name, Bombs define career choices The bombings of the Lebanese Civil War Terzian, comes from Turkey and means couturier, a custom tailoring trade his left an everlasting impression on Mégo, and ancestors undertook in Adana, the metropolis eventually resounded throughout his career of Cilicia, just south of Turkey. My grandfather with MSF. Mégo, his sister Maral and brother sold silks and was very wealthy he had Ara spent their school years close to the associates all the way from Lebanon to India. demarcation line, where they endured In fact, before the Genocide, my father, then bombings practically ever night. They had to just a baby, went there with him, he recalls. leave Beirut several times in the middle of The Terzian family of Adana owned vast winter to find refuge in the mountains, where expanses of land, farms and horses. They the family rented a vacation home in the managed to escape the Genocide by traveling summer. We played soccer on a little lot in to Lebanon via Syria thanks to Mégo s front of a big building (the Burdj el Murr tower), grandfather s connections in Beirut. For four from which a sniper used to shoot to scare us. generations, the family lived under the same We hid, laughed and went on playing. But one roof in the Gemmayze neighborhood, close to day he threw a bomb, and one of our friends, the center of the city. My father was a couturier, a very pretty girl, was wounded and lost an the same profession as his father, Mégo says. eye, Terzian remembers resignedly. I belong to a generation that saw the war He had a store three floors high in the center of Beirut, Bchara al Khoury Street. Then came up close. .... the civil war, which broke out in 1975, and he Then came 1994. In May, a cease-fire lost everything his store was right on the between Armenians and Azeris was signed. front lines. He remembers walking with his dog to Terzian was in his fourth year of medical studies the ruins of his father s store in 1978, when {at Yerevan State University}, and a French Mégo was eight years old. He wanted to doctor from MSF asked him to join translation rebuild it at all costs, but a few months later, missions to Karabakh. He jumped at the war started up again and once more shattered opportunity. With my Lebanese passport, it his plans, Mégo says. He despaired all his was hard to go to Karabakh, so I took attempts at straightening out his affairs failed. advantage of this humanitarian mission to visit My mother, who normally didn t work, began the region. I translated medical protocol guides to teach in the Jesuit school in Achrafieh, a for Karabakh s doctors we distributed a huge district in the eastern part of Beirut, where we number of medicines and explained their use, went to school and whose director, Father but never so much as counted them. Looking back, I realize how much our working methods Sahag, was Armenian. On his mother s side, Mégo's family comes have evolved since then. Terzian nostalgically recalls the days spent from the sandjak (district) of Alexandretta, an area on the Syrian coast annexed by Turkey in remote villages of Karabakh, when the in 1939 with the aid of France. His fighting had just ended. In the morning, we grandparents, like most Armenians of the visited the villagers beginning at 9 a.m., and
Dr. Mego Terzian
we stayed all day there was coffee, cognac, welcome toasts one after another. Mégo eventually married an Armenian from Yerevan and earned a degree in pediatrics. He worked as a doctor in a pediatric hospital in Arech, near Erebouni, on the outskirts of Yerevan. At the same time, he practiced medicine in an institution that cared for street children. The conditions were horrible. Thanks to MSF, we managed to facilitate social aid and allow those children to reintegrate in society, he says.
Hopelessly devoted to a cause
Mégo s tendency to pay out of his own pocket for medicines that destitute mothers couldn t afford caused a falling out with his supervisor at the hospital. He was facing dismissal when an expatriate MSF staff member offered him to go on a mission to Sierra Leone. I thought I d be leaving for just a few months until the tension eased, he remembers. In this West African country devastated by civil war, he worked day and night saving lives. Humanitarian work was indeed a true calling. His real baptism of fire took place on his second mission, in a remote northern region of Afghanistan adjoining Tajikistan. That mission lasted eight months and he was the only Westerner. Alone, he managed to crisscross through the wilderness at the wheel of an allterrain vehicle. I wasn t at ease with it, so I exchanged my four-wheel drive for a horse and lived like in the Middle Ages, he recalls. After briefly returning to Yerevan, he took on one emergency mission after another war zones, catastrophe zones, food crises such was the everyday routine in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He was head of a pediatrics service in the forest, then off to Nigeria, Liberia, Côte d Ivoire, Pakistan and Iran.
Tireless and pragmatic, this Lebanese polyglot of Armenian origin is highly adaptable. In 2010 he took on direction of the emergency service at MSF, a key post where he continues to impress his superiors with his courage and capacity to carry out missions successfully. Indeed, it was Terzian who set up clandestine hospitals in Syria when war first broke out. I am different from a lot of Armenians who are nationalists and patriots, but that doesn t mean I m not interested in Armenia and that I m not proud of my origins, he says. The question of the current mass exodus of Syrian refugees to Europe strikes a nerve. I feel anger and incomprehension. I think to myself, It s a good thing my dead father didn t see them he who idealized France! I can t understand why these same French who saved my ancestors at Mussa Dagh a hundred years ago behave as they do today. Yet, commendably, Mégo manages to remain objective when it comes to his work. With time, our organization has become very professional and the quality of care is modeled on European standards. We do specialized surgery wherever we intervene. I ve seen MSF expand especially our section, MSF France, which is always ahead and become international. The proof is that for the first time, they ve elected a non-French person as president. However valiant, Mégo Terzian is discreet by nature, hardly someone who pursues honor and glory. He believes that his permanent mission at MSF headquarters is fueled by loyalty. He modestly claims to be learning his profession every day, but has already realized the importance of accompanying his staff on each and every mission. Though he may be unaware, he singularly embodies that better part of humanity that has remained buried in people across the world for too long. (100Lives, Condensed version)
Elise Boghossian, Acupuncturist In A War Zone Elise Boghossian has always known that she would dedicate her life to helping others. Her Armenian grandparents brought her up with stories of how they had been persecuted and exiled. Years later, from the comfort of her home in Paris, Elise saw what was happening to millions of Syrian civilians in the media and felt compelled to take action. A mother of three young children and a successful acupuncturist in Paris, Elise first went to Jordan to one of the largest refugee camps in the world. She had to talk her way in, but armed with her needles and unflagging determination, she was able to start alleviating the pain of
patients. During the next few months, her individual initiative grew into something bigger, and she founded an NGO. Elise quickly realized that the camps in the region were overcrowded and only able to take in 10% of the refugees, while the other 90% were left to live in squalor, without access to medical care. Singlehandedly, she raised the money to launch two mobile dispensaries and multipurpose medical units. Every day these buses travel across the region to reach refugees and to provide comprehensive medical care. Each bus is equipped with a doctor, pharmacist, nurse, surgeon,
acupuncturist and psychologist, administering 7,000 treatments per month in 28 different sites, to patients that include soldiers, the elderly, young children, and women who have escaped from ISIS. Strongly attached to her Armenian origins, Elisein 2002 went to Armenia, and provided acupuncture care to soldiers harmed during the NagornoKarabakh conflicts. Elise is currently fundraising for her NGO, Shennong & Avicenne, to enable her to take a truck that she s converted into a mobile clinic to Iraqi Kurdistan, where she plans to treat people in the least accessible refugee camps. Elise Boghossian with refugee children.
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гñÇë³ see the asnswers reversed on this page
POM Wrapped Up...
-1 ùÇÉû ѳõÇ Ï³Ù ³ùÉáñÇ ÙÇë -1 ùÇÉû óáñ»Ý (ϳ٠ͻͳÍ) -³Õ -Ê³ß»É »õ áëÏñ³Ñ³Ý ÁÝ»É ÙÇëÁ. ³õ»ÉóÁÝ»É óáñ»ÝÁ, Ë³ß»É Ù»ÕÙ Ïñ³Ïáí, ÙÇÝã»õ áñ ³ÙµáÕçáõû³Ùµ »÷áõÇ. ÷³Ûï¿ ß»ñ»÷áí (ϳ٠»É»Ïïñ³Ù»ù»Ý³Ûáí) ½³éÝ»É, ÙÇÝã»õ áñ ѳٳë»é ¹³éݳÛ: -سïáõó»É ϳñ³·áí, ÇÝãå¿ë ݳ»õ ùÇÙÇáÝ »õ ϳñÙÇñ åÕå»Õ ó³Ý»Éáí íñ³Ý:
experienced Jury, comprised of Silva Basmajian, Lara Arabian and Hagop Goudsouzian, handed the following awards: Best Feature: Moskvitch, My Love Honourable Mention: Anahit Best Short: Art Hotel Honourable Mention: Sandwich Island Man Best Documentary: Our Atlantis: The Story of Camp Armen Best Short Documentary: We Are the Colour of the Earth Honourable Mention: Daylight After a Century Audience Choice Awards - Feature Category: Somewhere Beautiful , Aram, Aram , and The Cut Audience Choice Awards - Documentary Category: Our Atlantis: The Story of Camp Armen with short film Cyprus Summer 1974 , Western Armenia series (Daylight after a Century, Journey to the Homeland, and Cilicia: Jewel of the Mediterranean) and After This Day: Antoura with short film Eclipse .
ÊÙµ³·Çñ
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ø³Ãdz î¿ñ Úáí³ÏÇÙ»³Ý
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cont. page 21
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ÞÜàðвôàð î²ðº¸²ðÒ
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M E R R Y
C H R I S T M A S
A N D
H A P P Y
N E W
Y E A R
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2 Airline Tickets to Armenia
*
for $25!
Dear friends and supporters of Armenian Association of Toronto,
Just like in previous years, this year our annual Armenia Assistance Programme will provide breakfast and lunch for the 150 students of the Daniel Ghazarian Musical School in Shushi, Artsakh, Armenia. This year we decided to have a raffle with the winners to be drawn on our New Year s Eve party at Le Parc Banquet Hall on December 31, 2015. All residents of Canada are encouraged to participate by buying a ticket for $25 (5 for $100 or 12 for $200), from one of our members listed or going to our website at aaot.ca. The grand prize will be 2 Tickets to Armenia* with other great prizes as well. It is also important for me to remind everyone who is kind enough to help that every cent of your donation goes to the target it was meant for, namely the breakfast and lunch of the students. Nothing is wasted in administrative costs whatsoever. I can say that with 100 percent confidence. Donating to this school, just like any other charitable help in the region, contributes to families choosing to stay in their homeland. Ensuring these children learn with a full stomach not only takes away one of the major worries for the parents, it also helps the students concentrate on their studies and focus on excelling. Help us in our small effort to make life easier for the talented and angelic children of Artsakh, Armenia. Thank you, Varazh Stepanian ì³ñ³Å êï»÷³Ý»³Ý /Armenian Association of Toronto
* The grand prize: - Is a voucher for one time use. - Has a maximum value of $3000. - Is for any destination you desire. - Is for any number of people. - Has no cash value. and - Winner must answer a skill testing question. - Prize must be claimed by September 1, 2016. The title 2 Airline tickets to Armenia is only a suggestion and it is, for obvious reasons, the destination of choice for us at AAT.
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Øûï ѳñ»õ³Ýáõû³Ùµ ÐúØÇ ²Ù»Ýûñ»³Û ì³ñųñ³ÝÇ, ½³Ý³½³Ý ˳ÝáõÃÝ»ñáõ, ù³Õ³ùÇÝ ·É˳õáñ ѳÝñáõÕÇÝ»ñáõ, êáõñµ ²ëïáõ³Í³ÍÇÝ ²é³ù»É³Ï³Ý ºÏ»Õ»óáõáÛ, êáõñµ ºññáñ¹áõÃÇõÝ ²é³ù»É³Ï³Ý ºÏ»Õ»óáõáÛ, Ð³Û ²õ»ï³ñ³Ý³Ï³Ý ºÏ»Õ»óáõáÛ, êáõñµ ¶ñÇ·áñ Èáõë³õáñÇã γÃáÕÇÏ¿ ºÏ»Õ»óáõáÛ ¨ ³ÛÉÝ£