Torontohye#115 May 2015 by Torontohye/Թորոնթոհայ

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Volume 10, No. 7 (115), MAY 2015 Toronto Armenian Community Newspaper

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Dr. Raffi Aynaciyan

D.D.S., M.Cl.D., F.R.C.D.(C)

Orthodontist Richmond Hill (Hillcrest Mall): 9350 Yonge Street, Suite 216 905-884-4161 North York: 3333 Bayview Avenue, Suite 203 416-221-0660 Downtown Toronto: 11 King Street West, Suite C115 416-363-3018

Ara Graphics

Â³Ýù»³Ý »ÉáÛÃÇ å³ÑáõÝ

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Ø²ÚÆê 2015 Ä. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 115

ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

Unity March for Human Rights Awareness and Genocide Prevention Dedicated to Armenian Genocide Centennial

Photos: Ishkhan Ghazarian

By Karoun Chahinian

Thousands of people gathered at Queen s Park on April 19 to commemorate the centennial anniversary of the Armenian Genocide at the Unity March for Human Rights Awareness and Genocide Prevention. The day began with a rally in front of the Ontario Legislative Building and from there, thousands marched proudly with posters and flags along the streets of downtown Toronto up to the Metropolitan United Church, where a service was led by Cardinal Thomas Collins. The historic event attracted many political officials including Mayor John Tory, Premier Kathleen Wynne, and Defence Minister Jason Kenney, who all spoke about the injustices of the genocide and how it is yet to be globally recognized. The Armenian Genocide was a dark moment in human history and the passage of a century has not diminished the horror of those events, said Wynne. This anniversary is a powerful reminder of the need to remain vigilant in upholding the dignity and equality of each and every one of us as human beings. It reminds us that we must continue to work together to ensure that the atrocities of the past are never repeated. In total, 26 countries have recognized the Armenian Genocide, including Canada in 2006. But the Turkish government, the heir of the historically proven perpetrator, continues to deny it. Along with shining a public light on the horrific events of the Genocide, the commemoration ceremony was also used as an opportunity to reflect and ensure that the horrors will not be repeated, which was a point brought up by Mayor Tory. I am proud to stand before all you today

Participants in the Metropolitan United Church

because it gives us an opportunity to reflect as a community on the past, said the Toronto mayor. Despite the years that have gone by, I want you to know that we have not forgotten [the Armenian Genocide]. The memory of the Genocide will be appropriately immortalized in the city of Toronto. Representing the Canadian government was Jason Kenney, the Minister of National Defence and Multiculturalism, who is known for co-sponsoring the motion of recognizing the Armenian genocide in the House of Commons in 2004. We commend educators who are treating the memory of this genocide as lessons from which we must learn from and teach to future generations, said Kenney. We call on all Canadians not to deny reality, not to politicize this historical reality, but to learn from it. Alongside the Armenians at the march

Unity March participants in front of Queen s Park.

were survivors of other genocides and atrocious historical events, which included Jews, Kurds, Assyrians, Cypriots, Rwandans, Greeks, and Ukrainians. One sign which stood out from the sea of colourful posters read Jews Stand with Armenians and was held up by a group of teenagers who felt it was their duty to show their support. As Jews, we have a shared history with the Armenians. We know how it feels to experience injustice, said Natasha Elkeslassy, the organizer of the group. For that reason, we think it s very important to come out and show our solidarity with the Armenian people. We really want to stop genocides from repeating ever again and we can only do so by raising awareness. Awareness of the Genocide was also raised by the key-note speaker of the event, the Armenian-Canadian award winning

Protest at U.S. Consulate in Toronto Demanding Recognition of the Armenian Genocide

filmmaker Atom Egoyan, who is known for exploring the events of the genocides through his films, one of them being Ararat from 2002. Today s message is really about solidarity with all victims of genocide, for all races and cultures that have actually experienced this type of ethnic hatred and violence, said Egoyan. When memory fades, it means evil allows wounds to fester.' This gathering today is full of people who understand the Pope when he states that concealing or denying evil allows the wound to keep bleeding, we are all here today because we all want our wounds to stop bleeding." Afterwards, over 5000 people march headed to the Metropolitan Unted Church, where an ecumenical service was conducted by Cardinal Thomas Collins with partcipation of the Armenian clergy.

Human rights activists gather in Ottawa for a candle light vigil commemorating Armenian genocide centennial

Several diplomats, including the Ambassador of Russia, Armenia and a representative of The Vatican embassy,along with a representative from the Embassy of Italy were present. The participants held candles in memory of all those who have fallen victim to genocide throughout the past century. They also placed flowers at the human rights monument in their memory.

On April 16, the Armenian Youth Federation of Canada (AYF Canada), in collaboration with the Armen Karo Student Association, held a protest at the United States Consulate in Toronto, demanding that the U.S. government recognize the Armenian Genocide. To date, 43 U.S. states have recognized the Arme nian Genocide. Successive U.S. presidential adminis trations, however, have avoided using the word geno cide due to pressure from the Turkish government, which continues to deny that there was any intention to exterminate the Armenian minority of the Ottoman Empire. On April 12, 2015, Pope Francis celebrated Sunday mass in the Vatican to commemorate the centenary and referred to a 2001 declaration by Pope John Paul II stating that the Armenian Genocide is widely con sidered the first genocide of the twentieth century. Prior to his election to the oval office, President Obama promised to properly characterize Ottoman Turkey s murder of over 1.5 million Armenian men, women and children between 1915 and 1923 as geno cide. In a January 19, 2008, statement he wrote: The facts are undeniable. An official policy that calls on diplomats to distort the historical facts is an untenable policy. As a senator, I strongly support passage of the Armenian Genocide Resolution (H.Res.106 and S.Res.106), and as President I will recognize the Armenian Genocide. President Obama has yet to

honour his pledge. He is expected to make a statement on the topic on April 24, 2015, the international day of commemoration of the Centennial of the Armenian Genocide. The Armenian Youth Federation of Canada hand delivered to the Consulate a letter which called upon the US Administration and the US Congress to appro priately recognize the Armenian Genocide and that they counsel Turkey to acknowledge the Armenian Genocide and to initiate comprehensive measures for reparations for material and non-material losses and for restitution of the territorial property rights of the Armenian nation. Armenian Youth Federation of Canada Chairperson Daron Keskinian stressed the Turkish government has put a gag rule over American domestic policy. On the centenary of the Armenian Genocide, Mr. Obama has the choice to stand with the likes of Prime Minister Harper, Pope Francis, the European Parliament and multiple NATO nations who have all taken principled stands against genocide denial and properly use the word genocide. Or, he can continue to comply with a gag rule imposed by a foreign entity, self-censor his administration and himself and enable genocide denial. Only through clear condemnation of these crimes by the world s leaders can we ever hope for peace, justice and work for prevention of future occurrences of genocide, said Keskinian.

To mark the centennial of the Armenian Genocide, human rights activists from Ottawa and across Canada gathered on April 23 to hold a vigil in memory of the victims of all genocides that have taken place throughout the past century. Hundreds representing various organizations were in attendance starting at 7:00pm at the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights. Armenian Youth Federation (AYF) Canada Central Executive member Mirna Foudoulian described the importance of bringing together all these organizations. In marking the centennial of the Armenian Genocide, it was important to not only remember the 1.5 million victims of this heinous crime, Foudoulian explained, but we also wanted to send a strong message and stand united against all genocides with the goal of finally making Never Again a reality. In organizing the vigil, the AYF Canada partnered with the Centre for Israel and Jewish Affairs, Student

Federation of the University of Ottawa, Jewish Federation of Ottawa,Hillel Ottawa, Canadian Association of Rwandan Youth Ottawa, Humura Ottawa - Canadian Association of Rwanda Tutsi Genocide Survivors, uOttawa Amnesty International, Carleton Student Association, AEEDCO (Association des etudiants et etudiantes en droit civil de l Outaouais), Assyrian Chaldean Student Union, and Armenian Bar Association. Holocaust survivor Dr. Raoul Korngold and Rwandan Genocide survivor Willy Marcel Rangira shared their stories of survival and perseverance outlining the gruesome realities of genocide and the transcending effects it has on future generations. Representatives of the AYF, Rabbi Steven from Jewish Federation of Ottawa and the President of the Student Federation of the University of Ottawa were amongst those addressing the audience.

Ø²ÚÆê 2015 Ä. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 115

ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

Canadian Armenians gather on April 24 at the Parliament Hill in Ottawa to commemorate the centennial of the Armenian Genocide and rally in front of the Turkish embassy as a protest to 100 years of Turkish denial.

Canada Designates April Genocide Condemnation, Prevention Month April 24 Declared Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day By Rupen Janbazian (A.W.) On April 24, on the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide, the Canadian Parliament unanimously adopted Motion M-587, calling on all current and subsequent governments to honor the victims of all genocides by recognizing the month of April as Genocide Remembrance, Condemnation, and Prevention Month. Member of Parliament Brad Butt (CMississauga-Streetsville) had presented the motion on March 25. The government of Canada is proud to support Conservative MP Brad Butt s private members motion M-587, said Defense Minister Jason Kenney. Butt himself went on to say that he joins thousands of people in

recognizing the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. We must never forget what happened then and we must always work to ensure these tragic events never happen again. On behalf of the New Democratic Party of Canada (NDP), which also supported the motion, Member of Parliament Alexandre Boulerice said, the month of April is an important time to re-commit ourselves to protecting human rights and dignity for all people around the world. Very close collaboration between Jewish, Tutsi, Ukrainian, and Armenian organizations was instrumental in securing quick passage of Motion M-587 by the Canadian Parliament. All political parties united behind this motion, and its adoption is even more meaningful as

Statement by the Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada I would like to take a moment and welcome you all to Queen s Park in Toronto, Ontario for the Human Rights Awareness and Genocide Prevention March. Today, we commemorate the centennial anniversary of the Armenian Genocide; an event which oversaw the destruction of the national and personal freedom of over a million people during-and-after the First World War. By recognizing the atrocities of the Armenian Genocide, we are reminded of the pain and suffering endured by those affected, as we endeavor to achieve peace and reconciliation for the people of Armenia, and a stable and prosperous future for all of its citizens. Canada must never stop working to combat bigotry in all of its forms. I would like to thank the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Canada for continuing to educate Canadians about the lessons to be learnt about what kind of despicable tragedy can occur when the world ignores acts of intolerance. While the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide is a time for solemn remembrance, it also provides us with the opportunity to reaffirm our commitment that never again will we be indifferent to hate and genocide, or silent to those who discriminate against others based on characteristics such as race, gender, or sexual orientation. Today, I, and the entire Liberal Caucus, stand with Canadians across the country as we honour the memories of the victims of the Armenian Genocide. Please accept my warmest welcome, Justin P.J. Trudeau Member of Parliament for Papineau Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada

it comes on the Centennial of the Armenian Genocide. The adoption of M-587 on today s centennial is an important message to all perpetrators of genocide, and especially Turkey, that all Canadians stand together in condemning heinous acts such as the A r m e n i a n G e n o c i d e , s ta t e d M h e r Karakashian, chair of the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Canada. Dr. Girair Basmadjian, chair of the Armenian National Committee of Canada (ANCC), said, Both the government and all parties involved are to be congratulated for their principled stance. We are very proud that our government refuses to be challenged by external forces contrary to our neighbors to the south. He added that the passage of

the motion demonstrates refusal of all the parties involved to be affected by external denialist pressure or direct interventions by Turkish authorities. The Armenian Weekly also spoke to Daron Keskinian, chair of the Armenian Youth Federation of Canada and a member of the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Ontario, who stressed the significance of the motion. The passage of the motion reaffirmed Canada s position on the Armenian Genocide especially given that the motion was adopted with unanimous consent. Canada has sent a strong message to the international community that it will not tolerate the act or denial of genocide, said Keskinian.

Statement by the Leader of the Official Opposition New Democratic Party Tom Mulcair

Statement by the Prime Minister of Canada to the ArmenianCanadian Community

One hundred years ago this year, the world remained silent as over 1.5 million Armenians were subject to a genocide. Today, we grieve for the lives that we lost, for the suffering of these men, women and children, and for the Armenian people as a whole. Eleven years ago, the House of Commons passed in solemn remembrance a motion to acknowledge the Armenian genocide of 1915 and condemn this act as a crime against humanity. Former New Democrat Leader Alexa McDonough was a sponsor of that motion. Those horrible and infamous words, Who after all, speaks today of the annihilation of the Armenians? haunt us. They remind us of our duty to remember, and also of our duty to insist that these historic realities be recognized by all for what they were; otherwise, these horrors will be repeated elsewhere. Today, New Democrats continue to stand with the Armenian community to remember this dark period of our collective history. This cannot be forgotten, nor can we forget the ongoing suffering of countless other genocides and atrocities against humanity. Remembrance is the tie that binds us to our past and it guides us for the challenges of the future. On April 24th, let us remember, and re-commit ourselves to protecting human rights and promoting dignity for all people around the world.

On this day we remember the terrible loss of life during the demise of the Ottoman Empire in 1915, and in particular the horrific suffering endured by the Armenian people one hundred years ago. Both the Senate of Canada and the House of Commons have adopted resolutions referring to these events as genocide. This is a day we acknowledge solemnly, not to cast blame back into the distant past, but to guide us towards a better future. It reminds us all why we must remain committed to ensuring that today s world is one where respect for human rights and democratic freedom prevails. Today, Canadians of Armenian and Turkish origin live together, sharing our values of tolerance and openness. In this spirit, we encourage Armenia and Turkey to resume discussion of normalization protocols, to seek a path towards reconciliation including an open border, the establishment of diplomatic relations and the implementation of a dialogue on the events of 1915. On this day of remembrance, we praise individuals in both countries who are courageously examining the historical record to seek to achieve a common understanding with honesty and in a spirit of goodwill. Now one hundred years later, I join all Canadians, especially those of Armenian descent, in remembering the past and in sharing hope for a future based on peace and mutual respect.

Sincerely, Hon, Tom Mulcair, P.C., M.P. (Outremont) Leader of the Official Opposition New Democratic Party of Canada

Sincerely, The Rt. Hon. Stephen Harper, P.C., M.P. Prime Minister of Canada

25 We have to make sure that history books and governments are honest about these past tragedies and forthright about avoiding them, says ARMENIAN GENOCIDE

Ø²ÚÆê 2015 Ä. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 115

Minister Chris Alexander- Head of Canadian Delegation to Centennial Commemoration in Armenia

On April 30th, TorontoHye contributing journalist, Katya Der Hovagimian, caught up with Chris Alexander, Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, to discuss his recent trip to Armenia as head of the Canadian delegation that took part in the centennial commemorations. Below is the interview where they discuss genocide remembrance and prevention as well as economic ties between Canada and Armenia. Q- Minister Alexander, I understand you ve just returned from Armenia as head of the official Canadian delegation that took part in the centennial commemorations of the Armenian Genocide. Can you tell our readers about your impressions as an attendee and why it was important for you to be present for the commemoration? A- Well first, it s a privilege to be at such an important event on behalf of the people of Canada, in particular Armenian-Canadians because we who know Armenia, know that every family, everyone of your readers families was touched by this tragedy. It was a true genocide, in some respect the original genocide of the modern era and it s a historical lesson that needs to be learned by Armenians and the whole world because unfortunately in the 20th century from 1915, we went on to witness the Holodomor, the Holocaust [the Shoah], and then the mass-killings in Cambodia, the Balkans, Rwanda and elsewhere. Armenia and this commemoration have a special role to play in reminding the whole world, not just Armenians, of what human beings are capable of at their worst and telling us, the political leaders and citizens, what we must do the values we must uphold to avoid this in the future, especially in a time when Christians and other minorities, innocent civilians in large numbers are being slaughtered in Iraq and Syria. It was that thought of loss that was on my mind throughout. It was a very somber occasion appropriately so. 1.5 million martyrs were of course canonized, honoured to an unprecedented degree. But there is also hope because today s Armenia is certainly a lot stronger than it was in 1991 and we ve come a long way as an international community towards recognizing the Genocide that there is cause to continue. Q- Recognition and commemoration go hand-in-hand as a way to prevent future genocides from occurring. Of course the Canadian government has recognized the Armenian Genocide as well as other genocides like the Holocaust, the Holodomor, the Rwandan, and Bosnian ethnic cleansing. Also just recently on April 24, the Canadian parliament unanimously adopted motion M-

587 recognizing April as Genocide Remembrance, Condemnation and Prevention Month . What kind of work do you think we, as Canadians, still need to do in this journey of prevention? A- Well obviously we need to challenge those who deny the facts. The Turkish government remains disappointing and obstinate in that regard, but there are quite a few other governments that haven t taken the steps that Canada has taken. I think we should be very proud of the fact that some of the finest minds, and best researchers on genocide studies including Armenian Genocide studies are in Canada. It s great to see several of them prominent in the global forum that preceded the commemoration in Yerevan speaking on behalf of the consensus that is out there in the research world about the facts of the Genocide of 1915, the smaller scale tragedies, all of them terribly costly in terms of lives that preceded 1915 and the legacy since then. Just today, I was at a ceremony in the center block of Parliament honouring what happened on April 30th 1975 which was the fall of Saigon, now known as Ho Chí Minh City. That led to a great tragedy for the Vietnamese people, many of whom had to flee the country, some became boat people, Canada took an unbelievable number in 197980, 60 000 in just two years. But 1975 and the fall of Saigon also led to the takeover of Cambodia by the Khmer Rouge and the killing fields there. There are lessons in this respect on every continent throughout history and we have to make sure that history books, curricula, and governments are honest about these past tragedies and forthright about avoiding them. Russian troops are now occupying in eastern Ukraine, we read in the press today that they have expunged the Holodomor from Ukrainian history in those parts of the country they now control. That s absolutely a repugnant thing to do quite apart from the occupation that s underway and it shows that this battle for commemoration is not over. Q- I want to continue your thought about education. Of course education plays a large part in prevention and now genocide studies are offered at the high school level. What are your thoughts about this? Do you think that the level of education that we give citizens whether it is through an academic system or media is enough? A- It s never enough, I mean education is an area of strength for Canada, we should be proud of our school system and our higher education the number of Canadians that go to college and university is higher than ever, but history can be forgotten especially in societies where the focus is so much on practical skills, science, technology, and

President Serzh Sargsyan greets Immigration minister Chris Alexander at Dzidzernagapert Memorial, April 24, Yerevan.

engineering. We have to make sure that the humanities and the collective memory they represent of what our countries and our world have been through in the past and different communities that make up Canada have been through continues to grow. As Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, I m very passionate about the fact that we have a great country because of immigration, because of our diversity, but that brings with it responsibility. We have to understand. If you re a Portuguese immigrant you have to understand the Armenian Genocide; if you re an immigrant from Thailand you should know about what happened in Cambodia as well as Rwanda. Religious freedom, freedom of expression, all the values we take for granted in this country depend on our being open to everyone else s stories, understanding those cultural differences that varied experience we all have in our lifetime and in our ancestors lifetime. It s a big responsibility but it s exciting and I think Canadians are responding to it when they have the tools. Let s make those tools available and they re there online, they re there in days of commemoration, legislating the month of genocide remembrance. We need to institutionalize those sorts of exercises so that the next generation is even more automatically aware and mobilized to do what s necessary to prevent it. Q- Now during your visit, you met with Armenian officials, like the Minister of Diaspora and the Minister of Foreign Affairs. What were some of the things that were discussed? A- Well two or three main topics. First the relation between our countries and in my case it s always visas and migration issues that come up. Armenia has done a lot to facilitate

Genocide 100th Anniversary Commemoration at BC Legislature On April 21st 2015, the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Canada Vancouver organized a trip to the BC Legislature to commemorate the 100th Anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. 80 community members from Vancouver and Victoria spent the day attending a session of the legislature and a lunch hour reception. At 10 am, in the Parliamentary Chamber, the Armenian guests were introduced and welcomed to the BC Legislature by MLAs Suzanne Anton (Liberal), Marc Dalton (Independent), Moira Stilwell (Liberal), John Yap (Liberal), and Adrian Dix (NDP). Afterwards, Dix and Yap made official statements in commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Genocide. They recalled the significance of the date April 24, and reflected on the unanimous passing, in April of 2006, in the BC Legislature,

of motion M59, recognizing the Armenian Genocide as a crime against humanity. At 12 noon, the reception for the MLAs organized by the committee commenced with the introduction of the Speaker of the House, long time MLA Linda Reid. Mrs. Reid then introduced Suzanne Anton, Minster of Justice and Attorney General, who passed along Premier Christy Clark s greetings and spoke about commemorating the Armenian genocide. MLAs Mark Dalton, John Yap and Adrian Dix each spoke eloquently about Armenian suffering, loss, and rebuilding. Keynote speaker Varouj Basmadjian criticized Turkey s ever-shifting position in describing, defending, deflecting, and denying its genocidal past. He stressed that education is the key. Teaching the new generation of Canadians about the Armenian Genocide and all crimes against humanity is the only way

to ensure future free of genocide. The program included a series of I am a Survivor presentations by the children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren of survivors. They each traced their family s arc, being torn from their homeland, and described how they ended up, 100 years later, in the safety and freedom of Canada. Over 20 MLAs were in attendance, including NDP Leader John Horgan, Minister Andrew Wilkinson, Minister Coralee Oakes, and Green Party MLA Dr. Andrew Weaver. Each received centennial pins, and a book: An Inconvenient Genocide: Who Now Remembers the Armenians , by international human rights lawyer Geoffrey Robertson. At the end, Joe Egoyan read an emotional statement penned by his son Atom, about the impossibility of healing when the wound of denial is still being inflicted.

the movement of Canadians to Armenia, and we ve committed to give more ten year multiple entry visas than ever before to travellers from Armenia and to giving better and faster service to business people, tourists, and students than ever before. So that was one thing. Another one was definitely the trade relationship. Our ambassador John Kur was recently in Armenia with 14 Canadian companies. The biggest foreign investor in Armenia is Dundee with its very successful mining operation, and we have Canadian companies operating in technology, construction, all kinds of areas, but there s obviously more potential and there s great potential for Armenia to become a safe, stable, and successful business platform for companies that want to do business throughout Asia, the Middle East and even Europe. Armenia has also joined la Francophonie, which means that there will be a ministerial meeting with Michaelle Jean, the Canadian Secretary General, in attendance in October, so we talked about how that could be acceptable for Armenia and Canada, as well as the other countries of la Francophonie. Q- Armenia is a landlocked country with not so friendly neighbours. It has struggled with the war with Azerbaijan and its economic blockade imposed by Turkey. How much importance does Canada give to enhancing economic ties with Armenia and was this at all discussed while you were in Yerevan to say pursue further economic relationships? A- You know I was just in Armenia for the seventh time, I started going in the early to mid 1990s when the Armenian government was already talking about a potential diplomatic cont. on page 37

Brantford Armenians Mark the Centennial

On April 25th, the Armenian Community of Brantford (Ontario) commemorated the Centennial of the Armenian Genocide at Grace Anglican Church. A brief church ceremony, led by Father Harold Nahabedian and Rev. Canon Janet Griffith (Rector of Grace Anglican Church) with the participation of Fr. Keghart Kosbakian (Pastor of St. Nishan Armenian Apostolic Church of Southern Ontario), was followed by a one-woman-play, performed by actress Paula Grove, also the author of the play entitled "There was and there was Not". MP Phil McColeman and Brantford mayor Chris Friel were invited to say a few words . Both expressed their support to the cause of the Armenian Genocide and emphasized the importance of educating people and especially the young generation in order to prevent similar tragedies from happening in the future.

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ACMAO Commemorates the Centennial of the Armenian Genocide at a Health and Wellness Fair with "Blood For Memory"

Dr. Ani Hasserjian and ambassador Armen Yeganian (middle) alongside ACMAO members cutting the ribbon of the Health Fair.

Some of the blood donors.

In Armenia as well as in the Armenian Diaspora worldwide, commemorative events have been organized by the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committees with the participation of all the Armenian Churches, Political Parties and Organizations. The focus of the Centennial Commemorations is, To Remember and Demand. In Switzerland a group of Armenian Young Professionals decided to organize a Worldwide Blood Donation project under the name "Blood for Memory", in memory of the victims of the Genocide. The objective of "Blood for Memory" is to have 1.5 million units of blood donated worldwide in memory of 1.5 million victims of the Armenian Genocide. This is what motivated the Armenian Canadian Medical Association of Ontario (ACMAO) to switch their routine Fundraising Events to a Health and Wellness Fair with a Blood Donor Clinic under the name "Blood for Memory". The idea was greatly encouraged by the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Canada, Ontario division and was supported by all the Churches and Organizations of Toronto. The Public Relations sub-committee of the Centennial Events helped greatly in advertising and publicizing this Event. ACMAO continues its mission of improving the health and well being of the people of Ontario, Armenia and Artsakh through Health Education, Humanitarian Projects and Academic Endeavors. Here at home ACMAO s accomplishments include the Armenian Medical World 8th Congress in 2001, a Health Fair organized by the ACMAO Nurses Division in 2005, and Public Health Lectures to the community of Toronto. Over the years millions of dollars worth of donated and purchased medical and dental supplies and equipment have been shipped to our Homeland. Our Dental Clinics, with the first one established in Shushi in 1998, later expanded to Hadrout, Mardagert and Marduni and a Mobile Dental Clinic has provided free dental care throughout Karabagh for many years.

Anthems of Canada and Armenia, followed by welcoming words by Dr. Cyril Tahtadjian, the Vice President of ACMAO and MC of the day. Dr. Tahtadjian talked about the U.S. Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, Henry Morgenthau Senior, and how he was "confident that the whole history of the human race contains no such horrible episode as this", referring of course to the Armenian Genocide in 1915. Dr. Ani Hasserjian, President of ACMAO, was invited to the podium to deliver her message. Hasserjian thanked volunteers who made the Health Fair possible. She specifically mentioned the partnership and cooperation of Canadian Blood Services in facilitating the registration of the blood donors for Blood For Memory. In her message she emphasized about the unified efforts of commemorating the Armenian Genocide in Armenia and the Diaspora and asked the audience to remember all the sacrifices of our forefathers, who lost everything except for their faith, hope and love of their country and passed it on to the next generation. She concluded that all of us are obliged To Remember with gratitude and Demand Justice for the loss of 1.5 million innocent lives. Yeganian, spoke of the importance of commemorating the Armenian Genocide and honouring the memory of its victims. He emphasized that this is not solely an Armenian issue but one of international concern; that of justice for all of humanity. After the ribbon cutting ceremony, the Blood Donor clinic opened which was truly the highlight of the event. The Blood For Memory campaign remains a symbol of commemoration for the lives of more than 1.5 million Armenians lost in the Armenian Genocide. More than 150 people lined up to donate and set up appointments for the Blood For Memory cause over the course of the health fair, and although not everyone was able to donate on that day, by the end CBS collected 78 donations, far exceeding the day s goal.

The Women's Health Clinic in Stepanakerd opened its doors in 2004. It is through the unwavering dedication of our volunteers, the generosity of our donors and the visionary leadership of ACMAO Executives that dreams become reality and we continue to make a positive difference in the lives of our sisters and brothers. Each year about 10,000 patients receive free Dental and Health Care in our Clinics of Artsakh. For all of the above-mentioned achievements, ACMAO wishes to give back to the community which has donated generously to our projects in Armenia and Artsakh for over 26 years. It was this community which helped us build those Dental and Health Clinics, hence ACMAO acknowledges the support of the Armenian Community and states that, as health professionals we would like to extend our gratitude to all of our supporters and let them know that we are here for them as well. On April 12, the health professionals participating were ready for the Health Fair at the Armenian Community Center of Toronto. Among the health and wellness booths were the Hand-In-Hand (NGO) and ACMAO to provide information about Health projects in Artsakh, careers in health, Armenian Family Support Services and ARS Social Services providing information to the public about community social services. The rest of the booths were Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing, Public Health, Optometry, Audiology, Chiropractic, Physiotherapy, Naturopathy, Mental Health and Nutrition. Also present to engage the public was St. John s Ambulance, to demonstrate resuscitation techniques, and most significantly Canadian Blood Services was present to run the blood donation clinic in memory of the victims of the Armenian Genocide. At 1:00pm Armen Yeganian, the Ambassador of Armenia to Canada arrived with his two sons Gevorg and Niko to be the first three donors for Blood For Memory. The opening ceremony took place by the National

POM 10x10 series to screen 1915 The Movie By Dr. Roubina Yeghoyaný 1915 The Movie has been a huge hit at the box-office, having attracted big crowds in theaters throughout California a n d N e w Yo r k . H a m a z k a y i n ' s Pomegranate Film Festival is bringing the film to Toronto on May 7th and Montreal on May 24th. Directors Garin Hovannisian and Alec Mouhibian present a powerful story about the Armenian Genocide. Journalist and Fulbright scholar, Hovannisian, the son of Armenian Heritage party leader, Raffi Hovannisian, and grandson of famed academic, Richard Hovannisian,

has a natural knack for storytelling. Garin's 2010 book titled, Family of Shadows: a Century of Murder, Memory and the American Armenian Dream, received numerous accolades. Joining forces with Mouhibian, a talented writer and filmmaker, they present an intelligent story, told through the lens of a mysterious director's production of a play in honour of the Genocide centennial. Actors Simon Abkarian (The Cut, Army of Crime) and Angela Sarafyan (Lost and Found in Armenia, Twilight) deliver poignant performances, alongside the film's unforgettable musical score by Serj Tankian of System of a Down.

The "story-within-the-film" technique is reminiscent of Atom Egoyan 's film ARARAT, as 1915 The Movie explores the complex layers of personal and collective trauma, as the play's production unravels the actors' deepest secrets. At the same time however, public protests are launched in response to the play's controversial storyline. The film has received rave reviews from major critics including the LA Times newspaper. The preview of 1915 The Movie on May 7 at the Hamazkayin Theatre will be the first time that the film will be presented on Canadian soil.

The atmosphere was that of joy and generosity. Many of the CBS workers expressed their pleasure of working with our health fair attendees and were very impressed by the Armenian Community s unified spirit and all the efforts put into giving so selflessly for such a noble cause. It is also worth mentioning that a Children's Corner was set up to keep little minds and hands occupied with fun activities. Indeed the Children's Corner provided various health related subjects to teach children about wellness. The Corner was bustling with kids of all ages and the program was based upon maintaining good oral hygiene, oral health colouring pages, word searches, and trivia. Little prizes were provided to those with the correct answers, which included special stickers prepared for the AG Centennial. The Health Fair was a good opportunity to connect Toronto Armenians with ACMAO health care professionals as resources for health education, thus creating more awareness and assisting the community to be engaged more in their own health. There was something to interest people of all ages, and the opportunity for community members to mingle with each other and engage with health professionals to learn about different disciplines in healthcare. Those who are still interested in donating blood for Blood for Memory may call Canadian Blood Services to book an appointment at 1 888 2 DONATE (1-888-236-6283). Upon donating, provide them with the code ARME343293, and be sure to register your donation on the bloodformemory.org website with your name, or as an anonymous donor. *ACMAO Executive Members Dr. Hampig Injeyan, Dr. Cyril Tahtadjian, Ms. Nanor Kevork, Ms. Lina Antounians, and Dr. Ani Hasserjian contributed to this report.

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Ararat: Music of Armenia the Unforgettable Concert of Toronto Symphony Orchestra Music lovers cherished an unforgettable experience with Ararat: Music of Armenia , a special concert at Roy Thomson Hall, marking the Centennial of the Armenian Genocide, on April 22, 2015. It was the initiative of renowned Canadian Armenian film Director Atom Egoyan who conceived the idea to commemorate the Armenian Genocide centennial with a musical landmark event that can draw in audiences from across many generations and backgrounds, add to that Toronto Symphony Orchestra conductor Peter Oundjian s enthusiastic response and their collaboration which later included other artists as well. The night saw performances by Canadian musical talents: soprano Isabel Bayrakdarian, violinist Sergey Khachatryan (Armenia) multitalented pianist, composer Serouj Kradjian and Oscar winning composer Michael Danna. Michael is well known for his work in film and during the night his music, the soundtrack for Egoyan s film Ararat, was heard in concert. In his opening remarks conductor Oundjian said: I welcome you to this concert celebrating the music of my ancestry. Tonight, we commemorate the 100th Anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. This moving music speaks directly about the history of the Armenian people. It is heartfelt, profound and brings us all in remembrance. The program began with breathtaking soprano Isabel Bayrakdarian singing Gomidas Vartabed songs Andouni , Dzirani Dzar and Shogher Jan . The songs were arranged and orchestrated by Serouj Kradjian for this concert

Soprano Isabel Bayrakdarian performs April 22 with TSO (conductor Peter Oundjian) at Roy Thomson Hall during Ararat: Music of Armenia musical dedicated to the centennial of the Armenian Genocide.

and mainly because he was inspired by the fact that before the Armenian Genocide started, Gomidas had been planning to arrange these songs for a larger ensemble. Aram Khachaturian called Gomidas his greatest teacher. Living in the Soviet system, he turned to his roots for inspiration using elements of folk music in his concert works. His Violin Concerto in D Minor, was presented by the mesmerizing performance of violin soloist Sergey Khachatryan, who was able to reflect on the often energetic, athletic but moody and soulful dazzling showpiece brilliantly. Alongside the haunting vocals of Bayrakdarian, Levon Ichkhanian on tar, Hampig Djabourian on duduk, and Siavash

Kavehmaryan on kamancheh, presented a suite from the score of Egoyan s film Ararat. This performance marked its world premiere and left the audience speechless with its profound music involving three classical Armenian musical instruments. Composer, Mychael Danna, gave the attendees a glimpse of what went into making the music about the history of the Armenians. Danna had travelled throughout Armenia with Egoyan researching the music that was eventually employed in Egoyan s critically acclaimed motion picture. The concert concluded with Aram Khachaturian s suite from Masquerade and Spartacus. The score for the former was infused with passion, while the latter concluded with a lively finale, giving the audience a taste

of Khachaturian s mastery. The audience was also treated to a surprise with a special performance of Groong by Bayrakdarian, which paid ultimate homage to the Armenian spirit. The concert was generously sponsored by Atom Egoyan, Arsinee Khanjian, Levon and Ani Hasserjian, Simon and Maral Hasserjian, Vahan and Suzy Kololian, Andre and Seza Nazarian and Gallery Gevik. After the concert the artists were treated to a special reception, where on behalf of the concert organizing committee archbishop Meghrig Parikian and the ambassador of Armen Yeganian thanked the performers. *Dr. Roubina Yeghoyan contributed to this report

100 Youth for 100 Years

Building Houses in 2015 in Honour of Those Who Lost their Homes During 1915 Armenian Genocide 100 Youth for 100 Years was the mantra for the 2015 Armenian Memorial Faith Build in support of Habitat for Humanity GTA--one of the many events organized by the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Canada to commemorate the 100th Anniversary of the Armenian Genocide. In 2006, the Armenian Family Support Services (AFSS) of Holy Trinity Armenian Church started a collaborative first-of-its-kind initiative with Habitat for Humanity GTA called the Armenian Memorial Faith Build. Every year since then, the Build has commemorated the Armenian Genocide by building homes for the underprivileged in order to make a difference in local communities. This year the Organizing Committee, led by Ani Kokorian, collaborated with the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee of Canada to mobilize youth from various Toronto area Armenian youth groups, schools, churches and community centres to make this event the biggest Build ever! The fundraising goal was to raise $20,000.00 to help cover the cost of one home. The response from the community was overwhelming. Over two build dates, in excess of 100 energetic youth and adults from around Toronto braved the cold temperatures to gather at the Brimley Road Project and participate in the Build. Many political and community leaders attended the opening ceremonies on both days. Speeches were made by Ene Underwood, CEO of Habitat for Humanity, David Sauve, CEO of the Board of Directors for Habitat, Members of Parliament Roxanne James (Scarborough Centre) and Rathika Sitsabaiesan, (Scarborough Rouge River) and David Warner, former MPP ScarboroughEllesmere. Also in attendance were Krikor Chitilian, Chair of the Armenian Genocide Centennial Committee, Fr. Zareh Zargarian, Pastor of the Holy Trinity Armenian Church, Maida Icliates, Chair of the Board of AFSS and Ani Kokorian Build Organizer. Everyone extended their support and encouragement

Habitat Build participants at work.

to those who were there to build in memory of lives and homes lost during the Armenian Genocide. Our Guest of Honour on March 28th was Mrs. Eugenie Kokorian-Yerganian. Orphaned as an infant during the Armenian Genocide, she was shipped off to an orphanage in Greece and eventually ended up in Cairo, Egypt as a foster child. Habitat for Humanity honoured her and celebrated her upcoming 100th birthday with a pink hard hat decorated with 100 ornamental gemstones. Prichila Kirubakaran, 26, a participant from both build dates, explains what the Habitat build meant for her, and why she felt it was important to participate. Many people asked me why I chose to volunteer for the Armenian Memorial Faith Build, as I am obviously not Armenian Although I am fortunate to have never lived through war or genocide, many people I hold near and dear to my heart are Armenian and have had many family members experience that she said. It was a reminder that even though we may not share the same history, may not look the same when it comes to the colour of our

Celebrating our Guest-of-Honour and Genocide Survivor Eugenie Kokorian-Yerganian s 100th Birthday.

Our group of volunteers holding the Armenian Memorial Faith Build banner and the cheque to Habitat for Humanity GTA for $20,000.

skin and we may not come from the same place, we all still cry the same tears, laugh with the same joy and love with the same hearts, she added. At our second build on April 11, 2015, AFSS Board Chair Maida Icliates and Project Organizer Ani Kokorian presented a $20,000

cheque to David Sauve, Chair of Board of Directors and Enloe Wilson, Director of Faith Habitat for Humanity. This unprecedented donation from the Armenians to Habitat was covered by Nor Hai Horizon, CTV News and CP24, who featured the Armenian Memorial Faith Build on their evening news.

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Why we commit to commemorate Raffi Sarkissian

Leaving a Legacy By Talyn Terzian Gilmour Being a parent is challenging I ve spoken about it, written about it and I m certainly living it! No Mother s Day brunch or gift certificate to a spa will sugarcoat it either! This past month, I got a real taste of what being a mom and parent is truly all about aside from the wiping of noses or preparation of lunches or chauffeuring children to school, activities, and birthday parties. It s about leaving a legacy about passing some very key lessons and qualities to our children. While the nuances may be different, we all want to leave them with some of the very basic tenets of humanity; to leave a small imprint of you and your ancestry for the future. Certainly, we want to teach our children to become independent and look after themselves, to be successful and to live happy and fulfilling lives. But for me, it s also important that my children become good, contributing citizens of the world to look beyond themselves. How? By learning the importance of truth and honesty, kindness and generosity, determination and ambition and given that this past month highlighted the Armenian Genocide, the significance of tenacity and justice. This past month I commemorated the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide on April 24 and in the lead-up I felt all sorts of mixed emotions: excitement, sadness, anger, bewilderment, anxiety and a reawakening On Friday, April 24, thousands upon thousands of Armenians and non-Armenians who believe that the truth of the Armenian and other genocides must be formally acknowledged and thereby have an unshakeable grounding in world history, marched in various cities all over the world. It should be noted that the Armenian Genocide is a proven historical fact yet it is shrouded in controversy thanks to its lack of recognition by Turkey and other key states (ahem, US ) Among those marching and chanting for justice were my two sons at just 8.5 and 5 years old in our nation s capital, Ottawa. An activist at heart; marching along city streets and shouting for what I want, well, it s right up my alley. And as part of my legacy, it was also going to have to be up their alley too I m sure it s not the case for every Armenian I would never dare paint a group with such a broad stroke but for me, I ve always known, since the times when I d dream about white wedding dresses, Ferraris and my own personal secret service detail (recall previous entries about personal ambitions of becoming Secretary of State or top secret CIA operative), that my children would be marching down Rideau Street in Ottawa, in front of the White House in Washington DC or in Times Square in New York City, along the streets of Paris and in Yerevan, Armenia for human rights and the betterment of their people. What I didn t think about were the actual logistics around leaving this legacy Getting to Ottawa for the April 24 demonstrations was nothing short of a

breeze: pack an overnight bag, stay at a nearby hotel, and wake up early enough to have breakfast and get to the action. Mr. Niceguy even thought of bringing the stroller for tired little legs and enough snacks to feed not only our children, but everyone else s too (he s truly converted to the Armenian Way ). We were ready and when things got underway, the air was electric this was our moment. This was my moment my children (and incidentally, Mr. Niceguy too) were participating in their very first political demonstration, and not just any demonstration, one that impacted them directly a legacy from their ancestry. As the day went on, my hopes began to fade especially when the 8.5 year old and 5 year old began to act, well, predictably: I m tired. I m hungry I want a different snack! When are we going home? Didn t they get that this moment would shape them forever? Couldn t they appreciate my need to impart this lesson? Hadn t they realized that fulfilling a legacy was hanging in the balance?! Before I could pause and remember that I AM A MOM TO TWO YOUNG BOYS, I snapped: We re all here because we want justice and recognition for our ancestors who were subjected to unprovoked and targeted killings. They were hungry too when they were marched out of their homes and into the desert without any warning and at gunpoint. I m sure they would ve preferred to just go home but they couldn t and so the least we could do for them is march on! I guess I shouldn t have expected them to fully understand at this point at this stage in their lives. But I was prey to the images I had branded in my mind all those years: of men being separated from their wives and children, of horrific and inhumane murder, of women teaching their children the alphabet in the sand, of my grandparents struggling to survive and escaping What came next completely surprised me. Somehow they knew that what was going on was really important not just to their mother but to everyone around them. They started to ask more questions about what happened, why it happened, and how it could even happen. How could the world just stand by and watch? What can we do to make sure that everyone accepts the truth? And they marched on, chanting alongside me, calling for justice. What my children demonstrated to me, was a real eye-opener: they showed me that they understood the importance of truth and honesty, of kindness and generosity, of determination and ambition and most of all, of tenacity and justice. With Mother s Day just around the corner, I feel like I got the best present of all my legacy, my ancestors legacy, was being passed on. Until of course, they ran out of questions, the chants got too repetitive, and they succumbed to the nature of all young children and I guess, I ll pause for a while and succumb to mine: I ll have two eggs, bacon, pancakes and a one hour massage please!

(Contributed to The Globe and Mail Published Friday, Apr. 24) Friday marks the official commemoration of the centenary of the Armenian Genocide (1915-1923). As we reflect on this event and how it has been addressed over the past century, collective commemoration becomes evermore crucial since it helps in healing and establishing justice, while preventing future genocides. St r o n g e x a m p l e s o f c o l l e c t i v e commemoration were Pope Francis s recent message and the European Parliament s resolution on the Armenian Genocide. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan publicly responded to both these international calls for justice with insolence, warning the Pope not to make similar mistakes again and stating that the EU resolution would go in one ear and out the other. The Turkish government insists that such statements are divisive and counterproductive. To the contrary: These calls have strengthened the will of brave Turkish citizens and civilsociety groups who are demanding Turkish recognition of the Armenian Genocide. An umbrella group of Turkish humanrights organizations, working under the name 100th Year Stop Denialism, recently called for Turkey to apologize and make compensation for the genocide. Collective commemoration supports the rights and desires of these agents of change, who despite threats of legal consequences, embody the righteous Turks of the genocide era memories of whom have been drowned in state denial while the perpetrators are lionized. Genocide is a breach of international agreements to maintain peace and stability in the world. Thus, the great suffering caused by this crime must be seen as shared by all humankind. In Canada, our commitment to multiculturalism should not be limited to feelings of joy and celebration alone. It must also facilitate the sharing of pain and calls for justice, so that we can all mourn and seek repair together. This is especially true in cases where perpetrator states and their successors continue to deny past crimes and actively evade justice. Collective commemoration, through actions such as government resolutions, allows Canadians to reaffirm their willingness to remember and condemn past violence. It renews our commitment to preventing future injustices. It recalibrates and sharpens Canada s moral compass and has an impact on our everyday lives and collective values.

Recognizing the importance of collective commemorations, the Ontario Ministry of Education incorporated the assessment of acknowledging past injustices into its revised 2013 Canada and World Studies curriculum. Students are asked to describe some of the ways in which Canada and Canadians have, since 1982, acknowledged the consequences of and/or commemorated past events, with a focus on human tragedies and explain the significance of these commemorations for identity and/or heritage in Canada. The collective voice of Canadians has improved the lives of many throughout the past; we have on many occasions left our mark on history s pages of peacemaking and humanitarianism. One such example was the formation of the Armenian Relief Association of Canada in 1916, which was established to co-ordinate fundraising efforts for victims of the genocide. The group had among its patrons Toronto s Roman Catholic archbishop and Anglican archdeacon, an Ontario Supreme Court justice and two governors-general. It had more than 25 chapters and co-ordinated its work with the British Lord Mayor s Fund and the American Near East Relief. In 1920, The Globe started a campaign to raise funds for Armenian Genocide victims called The Call from Armenia. In recognition of this successful initiative, the American Near East Relief s secretary Charles V. Vickery wrote that he did not know of any benevolent fund raised by any daily paper that has equalled in size the contributions that [The Globe has] forwarded for Near East Relief. The response is a tribute to the high standing and high standards of The Globe, to the recognized generosity of the Canadian people, and to the growing sense of world brotherhood. Some of this money was used to bring 110 boys and 37 girls, mostly orphaned survivors of the genocide, to Canada. The boys were raised and educated in Georgetown, Ont., and came to be known as the Georgetown Armenian Boys. The consequences of genocide are transgenerational, making the prevention of this crime even more pressing. Our failure to prevent genocide and impunity toward past genocides has caused transgenerational trauma, suffering and losses often irreparable in nature. It is imperative that we build on the legacies of the past by applying the lessons we have learned over time. *Raffi Sarkissian is founder and chair of the Sara Corning Centre for Genocide Education.

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Surviving and rebuilding life with determination and love

Arpi Boyajian Kassabian s paternal grandparents story as told to Arsho Zakarian: Sahag Boyajian, the youngest of seven brothers from the mountainous Amanos area of Cilicia, was only 9 years old when the death march and deportations started. The only survivors were his father and one brother. They found refuge in Iskandaroun, then in Beirut. Their first temporary settlement was under tents in Ashrafieh region, later with the help of the Armenian Prelacy, the Lebanese Government and catholic clergy, Karantina section of housing was built for the refugees. These houses were temporary. Sahag, with utmost determination, rebuilt his life, opened up a coffee shop, which became the centre for all the other refugees from the Amanos area. Aghavni Ghazerian, also from the Amanos region s Ghoyakh village, was only a toddler when the deportations started. Her mother and sister-in-law took turns carrying her on their back. Only her two brothers and she survived from the whole family. After much hardship they ended up in Port Said, Egypt, where they stayed under tents for a few years, always hoping to return to their homeland. Finally, when all avenues to return were shut down, they made their way to Lebanon. Aghavni grew up under the protection of her brothers. Sahag married Aghavni in 1927. They were blessed with four sons. Sahag named each one of them after his perished brothers, Taniel, Apraham, Giragos and Haroutiun He also named his first grandson, Setrag, after his fifth brother. Sahag and Aghavni always lent a helping hand when needed without discrimination. In 1952, Sahag and Aghavni went to their birthplace and homeland Amanos, where they found remnants of their homes. At age 52, in 1958, during the Armenian internal conflicts, he lost his life to senseless bullets. His loss was felt by his family and community because he was a peacemaker, a caring and loving Armenian. His oldest grandson, Seto Boyajian, carries his legacy by serving in the for the Armenian cause, community, culture, schools and press. All Boyajian grandchildren, in Lebanon, U.S. and Canada serve the Armenian communities in one-way or another. Their grandparents shining example inspires them. Sahag and Aghavni survived the horrific years of deportation and death march. They rebuilt their lives, gave a loving home to their sons and grandchildren, never lost faith in God, felt proud being from Cilicia and passed the sense of belonging to a great nation to the next generations.

By Tro Iskedjian

A gripping story of survival Nazig Kalian Garabedian told the survival story of her father, Garabed Hovhannes Kalian, to Arsho Zakarian. Garabed was born in the Ovajekh village of the Izmir region. His parents and older brothers were massacred killed, as was his whole village. Nine-year-old Garabed, with his four-year-old sister Parantsem, escaped at night by crawling through the mud to the next village. It took them days, finally they found a refuge in a barn where they hid and slept a little, but hunger pains and extreme thirst made them very uncomfortable. At dawn, a young woman came to the barn to feed the animals, her silhouette reminded him of his oldest sister, Armineh, who was kidnapped by a Turkish Bey a few years back he did not dare approach her. The following morning, the same young woman came to the barn for her chores, this time Garabed whispered Armineh . She suddenly stood still, not believing her ears. Garabed repeated her name. The second time, she looked around frantically and in panic. Garabed came out of his hide out. Instantly, they recognized each other and embraced tightly. She promised to return soon with food and water and cautioned them to be careful and discreet. For the following few days, she fed them and brought them fresh clothes as they started planning their freedom. One early morning, the three of them escaped to a port, hopped on an Italian ship and reached Varna Bulgaria the year was 1922, Armineh, unfortunately, died a year later. The kidnapping, the forced marriage, the fear, the unwanted pregnancies took their toll and Armineh could not fight anymore, but she had the satisfaction of rescuing her younger brother and baby sister. Garabed learned to be a shoemaker and a textile printer. His sister stayed at home long hours, while he was gone to work. One day, an Armenian couple residing in a hotel across the street noticed the lonely girl, they approached her and asked her family situation. Later they met with Garabed and asked his

Garabed Kalian with his fiancé Hrisprimeh Apigian, 1934; with his sister Parantsem in Bulgaria, 1933.

permission to adopt Parantsem, they promised to send her to school, give her a big trousseau, find her a suitable husband and leave their wealth to her. Brother and sister thought long and hard about this childless couple s proposal, they were well-to-do carpet merchants. Garabed knew that he could not give his sister the education and the comforts that the couple promised. Both agreed reluctantly to the proposal but parting was the hardest emotion they had to endure. Garabed rebuilt his life. moved to Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, became the chairman of the Ardziv organization, married Heripsimeh Apigian in 1934. They were blessed with two daughters Hasmig and Nazig. Garabed became an active

member of the Armenian Bulgarian community, he was known for his sense of humor, his talent to master any ceremony and his social skills. The rich couple who adopted Parantsem fulfilled their promise and married her off to an Armenian young man. Later, Soviet Union had a vast propaganda to all Diaspora Armenian communities to return to Armenia. This was during post WWII era. Parantsem with her family moved to Armenia without being able to see her brother Garabed. Bulgaria too became a communist country. Garabed with his resourcefulness was able to get a special permission and visit his sister in 1952. This visit was unheard of during the iron curtain era. They embraced each other

I am a Victim of the Armenian Genocide

On April 24, 2015, Armenians and non-Armenians across the world will commemorate the centennial of the Armenian Genocide. 100 years ago, Armenians were subject to genocide by the Ottoman Turks. 100 years later, the same genocide continues to be fueled by denial. Time heals all wounds, so surely a century can heal this one. False. On the contrary, time has only opened more wounds. Growing up in a society filled with security, comfort, morals, and endless opportunities, it can become very difficult to try to picture what exactly genocide would feel like. Canada has blessed its current citizens with the shelter of never needing to know the struggle and horrific reality of genocide. However, taking a moment to consider what exactly is meant by the intent to cease the existence of a particular culture is surely going to bring some reality to the term. I consider myself a victim of this cruel intent because the same leaders who organized the deportations and murders of my family a century ago continue to be glorified today in Turkey. As the commemoration for the centennial approaches, I had the opportunity to speak to Mr. Raffi Sarkissian and Dr. Fatma Göçek. Mr. Raffi Sarkissian is the Founder & Chair of the Sara Corning Centre for Genocide Education. During our interview, Mr. Sarkissian highlighted the importance of the recognition of the Armenian Genocide as integral not only for Armenians, however Turks as well. Citizens within the country [Turkey] have been deprived of very important information that would ultimately encourage a completely different view of the other within the country and today, unfortunately minority groups continue to be treated poorly. The importance of the initiatives for the Turkish Republic

to recognize the Armenian Genocide is to realize that this is a collective issue both for Armenians and Turks. During the Academic Conference of Genocide held at the University of Toronto, we also heard Dr. Jermaine McCalpin who stated, the issue with Armenian Genocide and all other genocides is not a question of truth vs. lies, it is truth vs. denialism. It is not that the truth doesn t exist, it is that it s denied. It is important for Turks to understand that they too are unfortunately victims of the Turkish initiatives aimed at denying genocide. Mr. Sarkissian expressed his thoughts on this, stressing the following: It is important for Turkish citizens to know that our [Armenians ] demands aren t to blame them and aren t to harm them. This is an important point because it highlights the need for a collective effort from Armenians and Turkish counterparts to put the blame on the Turkish Republic, to denounce genocide denial, and to receive justice. This allows for the possibility to approach reconciliation, because as Mr. Sarkissian puts it, reconciliation won t happen without justice. Alongside the interview with Mr. Sarkissian, we had the privilege to interview Dr. Göçek. Dr. Göçek is a Professor of Sociology and Women s Studies at the University of Michigan. She is one of many Turkish scholars who have refused to succumb to denial, voicing concerns through research in the field of genocide. Throughout her research, she has been subject to death threats and many obstacles, however her determination to produce honest academia is an inspiring accomplishment worth praising. During the interview, as well as the Academic Conference held at UofT during which she also spoke, Dr. Göçek acknowledged a key point, I am not guilty, but I am responsible . Separating responsibility and guilt paves the way for justice to be served and for reconciliation to be approached. It was during Dr. Göçek s speech at the

one more time and that was the last time. Throughout the years they corresponded, sent each other family photos, kept the family ties and story alive. Garabed was indeed a survivor. At the age of nine he fled in the most difficult circumstances, took his younger sister under his frail wings, and did not flinch in front of danger, fear, hunger and thirst. He rebuilt his life in the Bulgarian Armenian community and formed a loving family with his wife Heripsimeh. He sent his daughters to Armenian schools, gave them opportunities to have an education and married them off to Armenian men. Nazig Kalian Garabedian s son carries his grandfather s name, Garabed. His legacy stays with all Kalian family descendants.

conference where I truly felt the continuing suffering of the genocide within me. Although I am not a direct victim, my ancestors open wounds remain open through me. Dr. Göçek apologized for the Armenian Genocide, and this apology brought many of my emotions to life. I fully accept and praise Dr. Göçek for her brave apology, however it reminded me that the apology I seek is not from her. From Dr. Göçek, I sought an acknowledgement of a horrifying past, one which she bravely took responsibility for, and deserves my full praise. However the apology I seek is one from the Turkish Republic, where the perpetrators of the genocide to which my culture was subject are denounced and no longer glorified. I live in Canada today because of the undeserving, yet glorified murderers who forced my ancestors away from their home. I am very thankful to be living in Canada, a country that has provided me with unlimited commodities, and a country which denounces organized genocide. Although I am privileged with many things, I am nevertheless deprived of a life I could have had in the same place where my ancestors were one day deprived of as well. Although one hundred years have passed, my wounds remain open. This centennial is not an end of a chapter, it is a beginning of a new one. Dr. McCalpin was able to express my emotions though this remarkable statement during his speech: If you do not replace the injustice with justice, the genocide will continue to flourish. So [when] we continue to say 100 years since the Armenian Genocide, I say 100 years of the Armenian Genocide. Why? Because if a genocide has not been properly repaired, it continues to flourish. *Tro Iskedjian is Vice-President of the Armenian Students Association at York University

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Putin, Hollande Join Armenian Genocide Remembrance In Yerevan

(RFE/RL)-Presidents Francois Holland of France and Vladimir Putin of Russia and officials representing more than 50 other states joined Armenia s leaders on April 24 in commemorating the 100th anniversary of the Armenian genocide. The two men as well as the presidents of Cyprus and Serbia delivered speeches during a remembrance ceremony held at the Tsitsernakabert genocide memorial in Yerevan. The foreign dignitaries attending it included a U.S. government delegation led by Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew. The heads of the visiting delegations walked to the memorial one by one, escorted by Armenian schoolgirls holding the national flags of their respective countries. Each foreign leader then a put a yellow rose into a wreath shaped as a forget-me-not flower, the official emblem of the commemorations of the genocide centennial. '3f '3f I bow to the memory of the victims and I have just told my Armenian friends that we will never forget the tragedies that your people went through, Hollande told the several hundred participants of the event. One hundred years ago, destructive hatred wanted to exterminate a population because it was Armenian, he said. This

hatred committed considerable massacres but it could not achieve its ultimate end. You are standing there, alive. Armenia bears a remarkable memory, but its message is universal, it is one of resistance, it is one of recognition, it is one of hope. We are also aware that it is with the disappearance of 1.5 million Armenians 100 years ago that the word genocide was invented, so to speak, Hollande went on, pointing to Raphael Lemkin, a Polish Jewish intellectual who coined the term in

1944. Putin, meanwhile, described the 1915 slaughter as one of the most appalling tragedies in the history of humankind. The events of 1915 shocked the entire world and were perceived in Russia as its own calamity, he said in his speech. And today we mourn together with the Armenian people, added Putin. Remembrance events will take place in hundreds of Russian cities -- I want to stress that, dear friends: in hundreds of Russian cities.

'3f '3fBoth Putin and Hollande emphasized the fact that the Russian Empire, France and Britain jointly condemned the mass killings and deportations of Armenians as a crime against humanity in May 1915, one month after they were ordered by the rulers of the Ottoman Empire. The French president also stated that international condemnation of the Armenian and other genocides is important for preventing more crimes against humanity. In that context, he pointed

to the continuing barbarity of the terrorists from the Islamic State militants controlling large parts of Iraq and Syria. Russia and France are among two dozen countries that have officially recognized the Armenian genocide. One of those nations, Cyprus, has also criminalized public denial of the genocide. We are here to honor the resilience of the Armenian people, Cypriot President Nicos Anastasiades declared at Tsitsernakabert.

Genocide Centennial Commemorated in Armenia (RFE/RL) Tens of thousands of people marched to the Tsitsernakabert memorial in Yerevan on April 24 to pay their respects to some 1.5 million Armenians who were massacred by the Ottoman Turks 100 years ago in the first genocide of the 20th century. In what has been an annual ritual in Armenia for almost 50 years, they laid flowers by the hilltop memorial s eternal fire surrounded by 12 inward-bending columns symbolizing Armenian-populated provinces of the Ottoman Empire. The daylong procession began amid heavy rain after an official ceremony during which Armenia s political and spiritual leaders as well as dozens of foreign dignitaries marked the 100th anniversary of the start of the genocide. The western part of the Armenian people, who had for millenniums lived in their homeland, in the cradle of their civilization, were displaced and annihilated under a statedevised plan with direct participation of the army, police, other state institutions, and gangs comprising criminals released from the prisons specifically for this purpose, President Serzh Sarkisian said in a speech at Tsitsernakabert. Human language is powerless to describe what an entire people endured, he said. Around 1.5 million human beings were slaughtered merely for being Armenian. The three-hour ceremony also involved

speeches by the visiting presidents of Cyprus, France, Russia and Serbia and a prayer service led by Catholicos Karekin II, the supreme head of the Armenian Apostolic Church. It ended with an address by Esther Mujawayo, a prominent survivor of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. It is very important that we stand by our Armenian sisters and brothers sharing their pain, their struggle, and of course their rebirth, Mujawayo told the participants of the event. As one of the participants of the Global Forum Against the Crime of Genocide, held in Yerevan over the last two days, I would like to extend our gratitude to the government and people of Armenia for furthering prevention agenda and raising public awareness to combat the crime of genocide and reach the noble goal of its complete exclusion, she added. Mujawayo also read out the forum s concluding declaration that calls on the outside world to ensure a greater international recognition of the Armenia genocide and condemns its denial by Turkey. The declaration also calls for a worldwide strengthening of genocide prevention mechanisms. In his speech, Sarkisian similarly denounced Turkey s continuing claims that Ottoman Armenians died in smaller numbers and not as a result of a premeditated government policy. As Pope Francis rightly

pointed out [on April 12,] Concealing or denying evil is like allowing a wound to keep bleeding without bandaging it, he said. Sarkisian went on to thank foreign nations and various international bodies that have officially recognized the Armenian massacres as genocide. Recognition of the genocide is a victory of human conscience and justice

over intolerance and hatred, he said. The Armenian leader further praised scores of Turks who were due to gather in Istanbul later in the day to commemorate the genocide victims. They are strong people who are doing the right thing for their homeland, he said.

Obama Again Bows to Turkish Pressure in his April 24 Statement President Barack Obama issued his annual statement on the Armenian Genocide. Once again he failed to use the word Genocide to describe the systematic killing and deportation of Armenians during the Ottoman Empire, instead choosing, once again, to bow to Turkish pressure. The full text of the White

House Statement is provided below: Statement by the President on Armenian Remembrance Day This year we mark the centennial of the Meds Yeghern, the first mass atrocity of the 20th Century. Beginning in 1915, the Armenian people of the Ottoman Empire were deported,

massacred, and marched to their deaths. Their culture and heritage in their ancient homeland were erased. Amid horrific violence that saw suffering on all sides, one and a half million Armenians perished. As the horrors of 1915 unfolded, U.S. Ambassador Henry Morgenthau, Sr. sounded

the alarm inside the U.S. government and confronted Ottoman leaders. Because of efforts like his, the truth of the Meds Yeghern emerged and came to influence the later work of human rights champions like Raphael Lemkin, who helped bring about the first United cont.on page 32

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(A.W.) Human rights organizations in Turkey, under the umbrella group 100th Year Stop Denialism, gathered in front of the Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts in Sultanahmet Square on April 24. The building was known as the central prison in 1915; individuals from the Istanbul Armenian community, including intellectual and cultural leaders, were arrested in their homes, detained here, and then sent off to the Haydarpasha train station. After a moment of silence, the crowd began the Genocide March, walking from Sultanahmet to Eminönü, and then crossing over to Haydarpasha by sea. The detainees of April 24, 1915, were deported from Haydarpasha to the depths of the country in actual fact, to their deaths. A commemoration was held at Haydarpasha with participants holding photographs of the intellectuals arrested and killed in 1915, and placards that demanded recognition and reparations for the Armenian Genocide. From Haydarpasha, the crowd proceeded to the Sisli Armenian Cemetery to commemorate Sevag ahin Bal kç , a victim of an ethnic-hate murder on April 24, 2011, while on mandatory military duty in Batman, and to express its support to the Bal kç family in their pursuit of justice. In the early afternoon, thousands held a commemoration in Istanbul s Taksim Square. The commemoration event included a Wishing Tree ceremony, when participants from Turkey

and abroad tied strips of fabric to a tree as homage to the victims and survivors of the genocide. Following the Wishing Tree ceremony, participants held pictures of the Armenian intellectuals who were murdered a century ago in Istanbul, including Taniel Varoujan, Rupen Zartarian, and Krikor Zohrab. During the sit-in, they were joined by thousands of protesters who held banners and signs urging the Turkish government to recognize the Armenian Genocide. The demonstration, which was organized by the Nor Zartonk youth movement of Istanbul, began at Galatasaray High School (Galatasaray Lisesi), and saw participants marching down Istiklal Street to join the commemoration. During the commemoration, Dr. Heghnar Zeitlian Watenpaugh delivered a speech in Armenian and Turkish on behalf of Project 2015. The voices of our ancestors, she said, are calling for justice. We are calling for justice. We are here today with Armenians from around the world and citizens of many nationalities who have traveled to stand against denial. We are here today with citizens of Turkey who are standing with us in our quest for redress and restitution. Project 2015 has been a two-year-long effort to organize members of the Armenian Diaspora and others committed to human rights and genocide prevention in the U.S., Europe, and the Middle East to travel to Turkey to join the centennial commemoration.

Turkish and diaspora Armenians together with Turkish human rights activists hold a commemoration at Haydarpasha train station in Istanbul, Turkey, April 24.

Armenian Genocide Commemorated in Diyarbakir

In Diyarbakir, a march from the site of the Armenian deportation, Mardin Gate, to the ruins of Surp Sarkis Church drew over a thousand people. The mayor, HDP leader Selahattin Demirtas and Ara Sarafian condemned the Armenian Genocide. Photo: Vincent Lima.

( A . W. ) H u n d r e d s g a t h e r e d t o commemorate the Armenian Genocide in Diyarbakir on April 24. The commemoration began with a march from Mardinkapi Street to the Surp Sarkis Armenian Church, where the co-chair of the leading pro-Kurdish party, Selehattin Demirtas; Diyarbakir Mayor Gültan Kisanak; chair of the Diyarbakir Bar Association, Tahir Elçi; chair of the Human Rights Association Diyarbakir chapter, Raci Bilici; and director of the Gomidas Institute, Ara Sarafian, spoke.

Speaking in Armenian, Sarafian noted that as the Turkish state s denial continues, Kurds have taken meaningful steps in the right direction. Demirtas challenged those who question the Armenian Genocide. He noted that when it s expedient, the Turkish government attacks the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) that carried out the genocide, but when it comes to the Armenian Genocide, it becomes the Committee of Union and Progress. Kisanak noted that Armenians chose the

forget-me-not flower as a symbol of the Armenian Genocide Centennial, and said, We will never forget it, and we are ready any time to stand with you in your pain. Elçi, in turn, called on Turkey and the world to recognize the Armenian Genocide. Bilici demanded an apology and reparations for the Armenian Genocide from the Turkish state. The evening before, Raffi Bedrosyan gave a piano recital at the Surp Giragos Church in commemoration of the Armenian Genocide.

Dudan Massacre Site, Diyarbakir Province Ara Sarafian Reports from Turkey.Today (April 24) we commemorated the Armenian Genocide at Dudan, a seemingly endless chasm in the earth's surface, where over 10,000 Armenians were thrown in July 1915. One can only imagine the terror in the hearts of the victims, and their screams and cries, as they were led to the edge. They reportedly had their throats slit, before being hurled into the chasm. Some preferred to jump. The victims were mostly women, children and elderly. The Dudan massacre was organised by the governor of Diyarbakir, Reshid Bey, and his henchmen. This commemorative event was organised by IHD (Diyarbakir), Diyarbakir Bar Association, and Gomidas Institute (London). The main speaker was Nursel Aydogan, a HDP member of the Turkish Parliament, who expressed her deepest condolences to Armenians, and reiterated her party's commitment to a formal Turkish recognition of the Armenian Genocide. Today's event once more demonstrated the importance of Diyarbakir as a key platform to engage the Armenian Genocide in Turkey.

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1.5 Million Victims of the Armenian Genocide Canonized at Etchmiadzin The Armenian Church held a ceremony on April 23 at the Holy See of Etchmiadzin near Yerevan to canonize 1.5 million Armenians killed in massacres and deportations by Ottoman Turks during the Armenian Genocide. The church says the aim of the ceremony was to proclaim the martyrdom of those killed for their faith and homeland. After the ceremony, bells tolled in Armenian churches around the world, except

for those in Turkey. Aril 23 marked the first time in 400 years that the Armenian Church has used the rite of canonization. Catholicos Aram I of the Holy See of Cilicia, who partook in the canonization service, said: Today the church celebrates the sacred memory of saints who in the power of the Holy Spirit won the war against evil. These simple yet deeply penetrating words of prayer, said at the celebration of saints in the Armenian

Church, depict the particular importance of saints in the life and witness of the church. Saints are those persons who, being endowed with spiritual and moral virtues, live their life according to the Gospel values and sacrifice their lives for their Christian faith, Aram I said. This is a unique moment in our modern history; a moment marked by profound meaning and message. This moment calls us not only to look backward by remembering

our martyrs, but also to look forward by reaffirming our commitment to carry on, with renewed vigor and sense of responsibility, the cause of our martyrs. Indeed, the cause of the martyrs is a cause of justice and human dignity. We do believe that truth must be accepted and the human rights of our people restored. Only the acceptance of the truth will lead to reconciliation.

Holy relics used during canonization service of the martyrs of the Armenian Genocide Hand reliquary contains the relics of the Apostle Anania, one of the 72 disciples of Jesus Christ.

A church ceremony canonized 1.5 million victims of the Armenian Genocide During the canonization ceremony, by order of His Holiness Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, the following fourteen Holy Relics, out of the numerous Holy relics of the Armenian Church, were used during the landmark service. 1. The Holy Lance Geghard The Holy Lance is the tip of the metal spear which was used by the Roman soldier to pierce the side of our Lord Jesus Christ while he hung on the cross. According to historical tradition, the Apostle St. Thaddeus, one of the 12 disciples of Christ, brought this sacred relic of the Lord to the Armenian world in the first century. For centuries the Holy Christian relic has been kept at different monasteries in Western (historical) Armenia, and in Ayrivank since the 13th century, which later was renamed Geghardavanq (the Monastery of Holy Geghard) after the Holy Lance. In the second half of the 18th century the Holy Lance was brought to the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin and is still kept in Ahead of the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide takes place canonization of the the spiritual center of All Armenians. The Holy martyrs of the Armenian Genocide at the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin. Photo by Vahram Baghdasaryan Lance is also one of the three Holy Relics used to bless and consecrate the Holy Chrism (Muron) of the Armenian Church. 2. The Right Hand of St. Gregory the Illuminator The Right Hand of St. Gregory the Illuminator is the symbol of the highest spiritual authority of the Armenian Church, the Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians. The newer silver gilded reliquary was made in 1657, on which is depicted the twelve sufferings of the Illuminator. The Right Hand is also one of the three Holy Relics used to bless and consecrate the Holy Chrism (Muron) of the Armenian Church.

cont. from page 30 Nations human rights treaty. Against this backdrop of terrible carnage, the American and Armenian peoples came together in a bond of common humanity. Ordinary American citizens raised millions of dollars to support suffering Armenian children, and the U.S. Congress chartered the Near East Relief organization, a pioneer in the field

9. The Right Hand of St. Sarkis the Warrior The Right Hand reliquary was commissioned in 2008 by His Holiness Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians. The silversmith is Mamikon Mkhitaryan. The reliquary contains the relics of St. Sarkis the Warrior, which were discovered during excavations of the St. Sarkis Monastery in Ushi, in the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia. 10. The Right Hand of St. Gevork the Warrior The reliquary contains the relics of St. Gevork the Warrior. The Right Hand reliquary was made in Kolkata, India in 1928, and is silver gilded. 11. Cross-reliquary of St. Thaddeus and St. Virgin Sandukht The eighteenth century made crossreliquary contains the relics of the Apostle St. Thaddeus, one of the Armenian first illuminators, and the relic of the first Armenian Martyr St. Sandukht the Princess. 12. Cross-reliquary of St. John the Baptist The cross-reliquary, created in Cilician Armenia in the fourteenth century, contains the relics of St. John the Baptist.

3. Relic of the True Cross The Reliquary of the True Cross, made in 1651, contains a small piece of the lifegiving wooden cross of our Lord Jesus. The Cross relic is one of the three Holy Relics used to bless and consecrate the Holy Chrism Clergy during the historic mass. Photo by Hayk Badalyan (Muron) of the Armenian Church. and others. In 2000, during a Pontifical visit XVIII centuries, contains the relic of St. Stephen 4. Reliquary of Skevra of the Catholicos of All Armenians to the the Proto-Deacon, the first Christian martyr. One of the priceless gems of Armenian Armenian Diocese of New Nakhichevan and ecclesiastical art is the reliquary of Skevra Russia, the Hermitage returned the relics of 6. The Right Hand of the Virgin St. Hripsime which was made in Cilician Armenia in 1293, the 18 saints to the Armenian Church, and The silver gilded Right Hand reliquary contains and is kept in the State Hermitage in St. they were placed in a duplicate reliquary that the relic of the virgin St. Hripsime. The relic Petersburg. The reliquary contains the relics had been specially made. dates back to the XVII-XVIII centuries. of 18 saints: the Apostles St. Paul, St. Peter, 5. The Right Hand of St. Stephen the ProtoSt. Thaddeus and St. Bartholomew; St. 7. The Right Hand of the Apostle Ananias Gregory the Illuminator, Patriarch James of Deacon and First Martyr of the Church The Seventeenth century silver gilded Right The silver Right Hand reliquary, from the XVIINisibis, Saint John Chrysostom, St. Catherine,

Obama Again ...

8. The Right Hand of Catholicos St. Sahak I Parthev The XVII-XVIII centuries Right Hand reliquary contains the relic of the 10th Catholicos of All Armenians, St. Sahak I Parthev (387-428). The Right Hand of Catholicos Sahak Parthev was brought to the Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin from Western Armenia, Anapat Armenian onastery, Lim Island, Lake Van , Turkey.

of international humanitarian relief. Thousands of Armenian refugees began new lives in the United States, where they formed a strong and vibrant community and became pillars of American society. Rising to great distinction as businesspeople, doctors, scholars, artists, and athletes, they made immeasurable contributions to their new home. This centennial is a solemn moment. It calls on us to reflect on the importance of

historical remembrance, and the difficult but necessary work of reckoning with the past. I have consistently stated my own view of what occurred in 1915, and my view has not changed. A full, frank, and just acknowledgement of the facts is in all our interests. Peoples and nations grow stronger, and build a foundation for a more just and tolerant future, by acknowledging and reckoning with painful elements of the past.

13. St. Gregory of Narek and other Saints Made in the nineteenth century, the octagon star-shaped reliquary contains the relics of St. Gregory of Narek and the relics of other Pan-Christian Saints. The relic was presented to the Catholicos of All Armenian in 2012 and given to the Armenian Church. 14. The Gospel of Zeytun The Gospel of Zeytun was written in Hromkla in 1256 by Toros Roslin, the most prominent Armenian manuscript illuminator in the High Middle Ages. It is one of numerous treasures kept in the The Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts (Matenaderan). The manuscript was commisioned and received by the 69th Catholicos of All Armenians, Constantine I of Bartzrapert (1221-1267). The Holy Gospel was donated to the Matenadaran by the Catholicos of All Armenians Vazgen I. We welcome the expression of views by Pope Francis, Turkish and Armenian historians, and the many others who have sought to shed light on this dark chapter of history. On this solemn centennial, we stand with the Armenian people in remembering that which was lost. We pledge that those who suffered will not be forgotten. And we commit ourselves to learn from this painful legacy, so that future generations may not repeat it.

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Unprecedented Vatican Mass dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide Pope Francis Reaffirms Genocide Recognition (RFE/RL) Pope Francis on April 12 again described the massacres of 1.5 million Armenians in Ottoman Turkey as the first Genocide of the 20th century during an unprecedented Vatican Mass dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the tragedy. Francis remembered the victims of that immense and senseless slaughter at the start of the Mass at St. Peter s basilica, which was attended by President Serzh Sarkisian, the supreme heads of the Armenian Apostolic Churches and hundreds of Armenian Catholics. It is necessary, and indeed a duty, to honor their memory, for whenever memory fades, it means that evil allows wounds to fester. Concealing or denying evil is like allowing a wound to keep bleeding without bandaging it, he declared. The pontiff spoke of three massive and unprecedented tragedies of the past century. The first, which is widely considered the first genocide of the twentieth century, struck your own Armenian people, the first Christian nation, as well as Catholic and Orthodox Syrians, Assyrians, Chaldeans and Greeks, he said. Humanity, he went on, did not learn lessons from those tragedies as evidenced by the mass killings in Cambodia, Rwanda, Burundi and Bosnia later in the 20th century. Sadly, today

too we hear the muffled and forgotten cry of so many of our defenseless brothers and sisters who, on account of their faith in Christ or their ethnic origin, are publicly and ruthlessly put to death or forced to leave their homeland, he said in a clear reference to the beleaguered Christian communities in Iraq and Syria. Francis s characterization of the 1915 mass killings and deportations of Armenians was in tune with his views on the subject repeatedly voiced in the past. He publicly called them the first genocide of the 20th century in 2013 just a few

months after becoming supreme head of the Roman Catholic Church. The Turkish government condemned that statement. The two-hour Mass was concelebrated by Armenian Catholic Patriarch Nerses Bedros XIX and featured medieval Armenian religious hymns performed by two choirs from Gyumri. Underlining its ecumenical spirit, Catholicos Karekin II, Catholicos Aram I and over a dozen bishops of the Armenian Apostolic Church sat in a place of honor in the basilica along with President Sarkisian.

In another unprecedented development, Karekin II and Aram I embraced Francis at the altar and delivered sermons at the end of the ceremony broadcast live to Armenia. Our ancient people were uprooted from their cradle and historic homeland and scattered around the world, Garegin said in reference to the Armenian genocide. Our centuries-old Christian heritage was torn down, destroyed and seized. However, nothing neither suffering, nor persecution or even death forced our people to renounce their sacred faith, he added. Both Karekin II and Aram I expressed their deep gratitude to the Roman Catholic Church for its attempts to stop the genocide and support its survivors. They specifically paid tribute to Pope Benedict XV who protested to Ottoman Sultan Mehmed V against the massacres. We will never forget the continuous concern, assistance and solidarity of the Church of Rome towards Armenians that is to say towards justice, said Aram. Francis also honored Armenia and its worldwide Diaspora by bestowing the title of Doctor of the Universal Church on St. Gregory of Narek, a 10-11th century Armenian cleric renowned for his religious writings. Only 35 Christian figures have received the Catholic title to date. A large picture of Gregory was put on display during Sunday s Mass.

The Pope s Message Dear Armenian Brothers and Sisters, A century has passed since that horrific massacre which was a true martyrdom of your people, in which many innocent people died as confessors and martyrs for the name of Christ (cf. John Paul II and Karekin II, Common Declaration, Etchmiadzin, 27 September 2001). Even today, there is not an Armenian family untouched by the loss of loved ones due to that tragedy: it truly was Metz Yeghern , the Great Evil , as it is known by Armenians. On this anniversary, I feel a great closeness to your people and I wish to unite myself spiritually to the prayers which rise up from your hearts, your families and your communities. Today is a propitious occasion for us to pray together, as we proclaim Saint Gregory of Narek a Doctor of the Church. I wish to express my deep gratitude for the presence here today of His Holiness Karekin II, Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians, His Holiness Aram I, Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia, and His Beatitude Nerses Bedros XIX, Patriarch of Cilicia of Armenian Catholics. Saint Gregory of Narek, a monk of the tenth century, knew how to express the sentiments of your people more than anyone. He gave voice to the cry, which became a prayer, of a sinful and sorrowful humanity, o p p r e s s e d b y t h e a n g u i s h o f i ts powerlessness, but illuminated by the splendour of God s love and open to the hope of his salvific intervention, which is capable of transforming all things. Through his strength I wait with certain expectation believing with unwavering hope that I shall be saved by the Lord s mighty hand and that I will see the Lord himself in his mercy and compassion and receive the legacy of heaven (Saint Gregory of Narek, Book of Lamentations, XII). Your Christian identity is indeed ancient, dating from the year 301, when Saint Gregory

the Illuminator guided Armenia to conversion and baptism. You were the first among nations in the course of the centuries to embrace the Gospel of Christ. That spiritual event indelibly marked the Armenian people, as well as its culture and history, in which martyrdom holds a preeminent place, as attested to symbolically by the sacrificial witness of Saint Vardan and his companions in the fifth century. Your people, illuminated by Christ s light and by his grace, have overcome many trials and sufferings, animated by the hope which comes from the Cross (cf. Rom 8:31-39). As Saint John Paul II said to you, Your history of suffering and martyrdom is a precious pearl, of which the universal Church is proud. Faith in Christ, man s Redeemer, infused you with an admirable courage on your path, so often like that of the Cross, on which you have advanced with determination, intent on preserving your identity as a people and as believers (Homily, 21 November 1987). This faith also accompanied and sustained your people during the tragic experience one hundred years ago in what is generally referred to as the first genocide of the twentieth century (John Paul II and Karekin II, Common Declaration, Etchmiadzin, 27 September 2001). Pope Benedict XV, who condemned the First World War as a senseless slaughter (AAS, IX [1917], 429), did everything in his power until the very end to stop it, continuing the efforts at mediation already begun by Pope Leo XIII when confronted with the deadly events of 189496. For this reason, Pope Benedict XV wrote to Sultan Mehmed V, pleading that the many innocents be saved (cf. Letter of 10 September 1915) and, in the Secret Consistory of 6 December 1915, he declared with great dismay, Miserrima Armenorum gens ad interitum prope ducitur (AAS, VII [1915], 510). It is the responsibility not only of the Armenian people and the universal Church

to recall all that has taken place, but of the entire human family, so that the warnings from this tragedy will protect us from falling into a similar horror, which offends against God and human dignity. Today too, in fact, these conflicts at times degenerate into unjustifiable violence, stirred up by exploiting ethnic and religious differences. All who are Heads of State and of International Organizations are called to oppose such crimes with a firm sense of duty, without ceding to ambiguity or compromise. May this sorrowful anniversary become for all an occasion of humble and sincere reflection, and may every heart be open to forgiveness, which is the source of peace and renewed hope. Saint Gregory of Narek, an extraordinary interpreter of the human soul, offers words which are prophetic for us: I willingly blame myself with myriad accounts of all the incurable sins, from our first forefather through the end of his generations in all eternity, I charge myself with all these voluntarily (Book of Lamentations, LXXII). How striking is his sense of universal solidarity! How small we feel before the greatness of his invocations: Remember, [Lord,] those of the human race who are our enemies as well, and for their benefit accord them pardon and mercy Do not destroy those who persecute me, but reform them, root out the vile ways of this world, and plant the good in me and them (ibid., LXXXIII). May God grant that the people of Armenia and Turkey take up again the path of reconciliation, and may peace also spring forth in Nagorno Karabakh. Despite conflicts and tensions, Armenians and Turks have lived long periods of peaceful coexistence in the past and, even in the midst of violence, they have experienced times of solidarity and mutual help. Only in this way will new generations open themselves to a better future and will the sacrifice of so many become

seeds of justice and peace. For us Christians, may this be above all a time of deep prayer. Through the redemptive power of Christ s sacrifice, may the blood which has been shed bring about the miracle of the full unity of his disciples. In particular, may it strengthen the bonds of fraternal friendship which already unite the Catholic Church and the Armenian Apostolic Church. The witness of many defenceless brothers and sisters who sacrificed their lives for the faith unites the diverse confessions: it is the ecumenism of blood, which led Saint John Paul II to celebrate all the martyrs of the twentieth century together during the Jubilee of 2000. Our celebration today also is situated in this spiritual and ecclesial context. Representatives of our two Churches are participating in this event to which many of our faithful throughout the world are united spiritually, in a sign which reflects on earth the perfect communion that exists between the blessed souls in heaven. With brotherly affection, I assure you of my closeness on the occasion of the canonization ceremony of the martyrs of the Armenian Apostolic Church, to be held this coming 23 April in the Cathedral of Etchmiadzin, and on the occasion of the commemorations to be held in Antelias in July. I entrust these intentions to the Mother of God, in the words of Saint Gregory of Narek: O Most Pure of Virgins, first among the blessed, Mother of the unshakeable edifice of the Church, Mother of the immaculate Word of God, ( ) Taking refuge beneath your boundless wings which grant us the protection of your intercession, we lift up our hands to you, and with unquestioned hope we believe that we are saved .

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Post-1915, Picture-Brides Gave Armenians Fresh Start in US

By Liana Aghajanian (Eurasianet)-Landing in the United States, Canada, and Cuba, Armenian women, who survived the 1915 massacre in Turkey, arrived to start new lives and meet the unknown men, who would soon became their husbands. The phenomenon of the Armenian Picture Brides gave way to one of the first modern dating agencies and changed the course of the Armenian diaspora forever. They came by the hundreds, even thousands ethnic Armenian women who had survived the WorldWar-I-era massacres in Turkey and were brought by ship to the United States to meet the equally anxious Armenian men, complete strangers, who would become their partners for life. Love was scarce, but the hunger for survival wasn t. In a patchwork-effort to reconstruct Armenian bloodlines and the culture that had been lost during the violent upheaval of 1915, the phenomenon of the 1920s Armenian picture-brides foreshadowed modern dating agencies and changed the course of the Armenian Diaspora forever. Their passages were organized by informal networks of friends, family and Armenian-American communities; often, the prospective husbands had only seen a photo of their brides-to-be. Both of 63-year-old Los Angeles realtor Dianne Bedrosian Ohanesian s grandmothers were picture-brides. In fact, every woman in Ohanesian s ex-tended family was matched up with an Armenian husband who had emigrated to the US years before. Within Armenians family-centric culture, such marriages were seen as critical for the survival not only of an individual family, but the Armenian nation at large. Whenever they could get a sister out, she was supposed to bring others with her and there were men ready, Ohanesian said of her own family. I ve been floored reading about it. It amazes me what they went through and how their lives were so different. Ohanesian s paternal grandmother was marched with relatives as refugees from Kessab in northwestern, Turkish-controlled

Syria to the deserts of Deir ez-Zor in the east. Another brother kept her hidden in an abandoned structure until it was safe for her to escape. We heard there was a younger brother who died on the march, Ohanesian said. A brother who already lived in the United States eventually paid for her travel to Cleveland, Ohio. When she arrived, her husband-to-be was waiting for her. Her maternal step-grandmother, who had been seized by a Turkish man and bore a child by him also came to Cleveland from Malatya, Turkey. Her brother, who secured her passage, had also been living in the U.S. and she was asked to bring another woman along for him to marry. However, she was forced to leave her child, a daughter, behind. She never saw her again. Before she married Ohanesian s b i o l o g i c a l g r a n d f a t h e r, h e r prospective groom was a divorced Armenian man a choice that reflected her step-grandmother s damaged status since she had had a child out of wedlock. The family of 58-year-old hairsalon employee Debbie Hovasapian, a resi-dent of Onset, Massachusetts, has a similar history. Hovasapian s paternal grandfather, Hovsep, escaped Turkey in 1915 and, after time spent in France and Argentina, settled in Watertown, Massachusetts, still an Armenian-American stronghold today. There, he met two ethnic Armenian brothers, who wanted to see their Istanbul-based sister married and safely living in the US. Hovasapian s grandmother, Helen, had been living in Istanbul with a Turkish family after fleeing her hometown of Arabkir in Turkey s eastern Malatya region. Hovsep Hovasapian, by then a naturalized US citizen, agreed to be the groom. In 1929, he traveled to Cuba to meet and marry the sister, sight un-seen. All I know is that they said they have a sister who needs help to get in this country, and at that point, it had been almost 12 years that my grandfather had been here, recounted Debbie Hovasapian. He was single and he said yes. To avoid immigration regulations that put stringent restrictions on specific ethnic groups, including

Debbie Hovasapian s grandmother (left) in 1929 in Cuba, where she met and married her grandfather. The identity of the other woman is unknown.

Armenians, many couples like the Hovasapians initially traveled to Cuba, already the site of a growing Diaspora community, before coming to the US. As of 1929, under the JohnsonReed Immigration Act , the quota for Armenians stood at 124 people per year. Armenian men, who had become American citizens, found a way around this by meeting their potential brides in Cuba, getting married through the US consulate and making their way back to the US with their wives. It was a backdoor to the US, commented Isabel KaprielianChurchill, a California State University, Fresno professor of Armenian history and the daughter of a picture-bride. It was a very important passage to the United States. The practice of arranging such marriages gave way to the development of ethnic Armenian communities across North America, with churches, political parties and organizations taking shape as a

Dianne Bedrosians Ohanesian s grandparents in what she believes is their engagement photo.

result of these unions, said Kaprielian-Churchill, who has written on the phenomenon in the Journal of American Ethnic History. Today, the continent contains one of the world s largest Armenian Diaspora populations. They started new families and they kept the Armenian life alive, she said. In one way or another, the man needed the woman and the woman needed the man. The marriages, though, were sometimes fraught with deception in one instance in Québec City, Kaprielian-Churchill wrote, a man who had de-scribed himself to his prospective Armenian bride as a barber with a big house proved to be an unskilled laborer sharing a house with another man. In another case, a man kept his newly arrived picture-bride in a room by herself for some time until they married. Quite short and plump, he feared that she would like someone else better and run off. Despite this, the majority of these couples, although at first

strangers, apparently managed to make a life together. There was a lot of respect, and, gradually, love, Churchill said. Hovasapian s grandparents, at least, were very close. We knew she had the arranged marriage growing up and we never thought twice about it, said Debbie Hovasapian in reference to her stepgrandmother. It was just wonderful. On the 100th anniversary of the massacres this April 24, the picturebrides American-born grandchildren are reflecting back on the stories that not just changed their families, but ensured the continuation of their heritage, as well. It was like they were bringing their own people and restarting their village, said Ohanessian, whose grandmothers married men from their hometowns. I m grateful that they survived and got here, so I could have this great place to live. Liana Aghajanian is a freelance writer based in Los Angeles.

Turkey s Armenians Rediscover Their Identity by Gayane Abrahamyan (Eurasianet)- Five years ago, 53-year-old freelance columnist Miran Pirgiç, a resident of the eastern Turkish region of Tunceli, decided to disclose a tightly held secret his Armenian ethnicity. Increasingly, scores of ethnic Armenians whose ancestors survived the 1915 massacre and were raised as Turks, Kurds or Alevis are choosing to do the same. For decades, fearing repercussions, many of Turkey s ethnic Armenians have kept themselves concealed; observing religious rituals and Armenian customs such as coloring eggs for Easter privately, if at all. But the 2007 assassination of ethnic Armenian journalist Hrant Dink, an outspoken, Istanbul-based advocate for reconciliation between Turks and Armenians, proved a catalyst for change. Hiding was no longer an option. The sense of injustice was choking me, said Pirgiç, who traveled to Armenia recently as part of a group from Tunceli, known to Armenians as Dersim. After an Istanbul court authorized his name-change from the Turkish Selahattin

Gultekin, Pirgiç, whose name means savior in Armenian, converted to Christianity and went on to found the Union of Dersim Armenians, a regional group for raising awareness about Turkey s Armenian community. Within several months it had enrolled a few hundred members. But despite growing tolerance within Turkish society for its tiny remaining Armenian minority, such choices are not simple. Ironically, many of the obstacles come from an unexpected source the Istanbul patriarchate of the Armenian Apostolic Church. In 301, Armenia became the first country in the world to adopt Christianity as a state religion. To this day, Armenian communities usually view membership in the Armenian Apostolic Church, part of the so-called Oriental Orthodox branch of Christianity, as synonymous with a person s Armenian heritage. But for those ethnic Armenians who were raised as Muslim Alevis, Kurds or Turks, and had no previous knowledge of their background or kept it hidden, the change is not straightforward.

Faith alone is not enough to join the Armenian Apostolic Church. To perform baptisms, the Istanbul Armenian Patriarchate, which represents the Church in Turkey, requires that non-Church-members take part in a six-month-long training course in Istanbul on Christianity, be able to speak Armenian and present proof of Armenian identity, noted Erol Saltik, an ethnic Armenian who heads the Union of 38 Mayors of Dersim, a group of local Alevi mayors. Finding documents that would prove these individuals ethnic identity is challenging, and, in some cases, impossible. Researchers claim that period-documents about the killings and deportations of ethnic Armenians in southeastern Turkey indicate that local Turkish, Kurdish and Alevi families took in thousands of ethnic Armenian children, but raised them without any reference to their background. There are many Armenians in Dersim who are unaware of their ethnicity, claimed Pirgiç. Apart from graves, oral narratives passed down from older generations are often the

strongest proof of an Armenian family-history. Language is another obstacle. Many of Turkey s ethnic Armenians have had no exposure to Armenian before, and speak only Turkish, or Turkish and Kurdish. As do other Armenians, Ara Papian, a former Armenian ambassador to Canada now active in promoting awareness of the events of 1915, questions the rationale behind the Patriarchate s requirements. The requirement of proof of identity and knowledge of the Armenian language make no sense, scoffed Papian, whose organization, Modus Vivendi, has conducted Armenian-language lessons in Tunceli. Children born in half of the Armenian families in Russia do not speak Armenian, yet nobody requires a language test for them to be baptized in church. The Patriarchate refused to comment to EurasiaNet.org by phone and did not respond to a written request for elaboration about its requirements for Muslim Armenians who wish to convert to Christianity. In a March 20 interview with the news cont. on page 35

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Armenians Should Now Pursue Legal Claims By Harut Sassounian Armenians experienced unforgettable days last week during the Centennial commemorations of the Armenian Genocide. In many respects, Turkish denialists muchfeared Tsunami became a reality! While Armenians around the world were busy organizing commemorative events in recent years, their efforts were amplified by some unexpected developments, including Turkish President Erdogan s irrational rhetoric and reaction. The year began with Erdogan s childish maneuver, switching the Gallipoli War Centennial to April 24, to derail the observances planned for the Armenian Genocide Centennial. The international media quickly exposed the Turkish President s ploy, providing extensive publicity for the upcoming genocide anniversary. In early April, the Kardashians visit to Armenia generated thousands of articles and TV reports, and millions of social media posts. A few days later, Pope Francis created his own Tsunami by uttering his courageous words on the Armenian Genocide. Once again, Erdogan made matters worse for Turkey by insulting not only the Pope, but also one billion Catholics, and the nation of Argentina, the

Pontiff s birthplace. Shortly thereafter, the European Parliament adopted a resolution on the Armenian Genocide providing further media coverage of this issue. Being in Armenia for the first time on April 24, and on the occasion of the Centennial, was a deeply moving experience. The Armenian government did monumental work inviting 1,000 dignitaries from 60 countries, including prominent scholars, legal experts, political leaders, parliamentarians from 30 countries, and survivors of other genocides. On April 22-23, the distinguished guests participated in a Global Forum Against the Crime of Genocide, where I delivered brief remarks castigating Pres. Obama s failure to keep his promise on using the term Armenian Genocide. I explained that contrary to a widelyheld misperception, the United States has repeatedly recognized the Armenian Genocide. On April 23, all six political parties represented in the Austrian Parliament issued a joint declaration recognizing the Armenian Genocide. As expected, Turkey overreacted by withdrawing its Ambassador from Vienna. This is the second Turkish Ambassador to be recalled to Ankara this month. As an increasing number of countries recognize the Armenian Genocide, Turkey may soon have fewer

Cilicia See Officially Files Lawsuit in Turkish Court to Reclaim Sis Catholicosate

envoys, isolating itself from much of the world! Also on April 23, German President Joachim Gauck delivered a powerful speech at a memorial service in Berlin, acknowledging not only the Armenian Genocide, but also Germany s complicity in the Ottoman Turkish genocidal campaign. Despite heavy pressures from Turkish leaders, the German Bundestag is expected shortly to adopt a similarly-worded resolution which would send shock waves throughout the 1,000 rooms of Pres. Erdogan s newly-built palace, since Germany was Turkey s ally in 1915, and continues its close relationship until today! In the evening of April 23, the Catholicos of All Armenians Karekin II and the Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia Aram I jointly presided over a historic rite of canonization in Etchmiadzin, declaring the Armenian Genocide victims to be Saints. Following this moving ritual, at the exact hour of 19:15 or 7:15 pm, churches throughout the world began ringing their bells 100 times. Later that night, the System of a Down band performed a free concert at Yerevan s Republic Square. The thousands of young people in attendance were highly energized despite the heavy downpour. The concert was aired live, disseminating the band s Genocide message to millions of people worldwide.

Turkey s Armenians ... cont. on page 35

The attorney representing the Catholicosate of the Great House of Cilicia on April 28 officially filed a lawsuit in the Turkish Constitutional Court to regain ownership of the historic headquarters of the Church, which includes the Catholicosate, the monastery and cathedral of St. Sophia, a major Armenian Christian holy site located in the Sis (currently Kozan), in south-central Turkey. This site was confiscated by the Turkish Government following the Genocide of 1915 in which an estimated 1.5 million Armenians were killed or deported by the Ottoman Empire. Convinced that recognition of the Genocide and compensation should go together, His Holiness Aram I, on the year of the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide, has filed the lawsuit at the Turkish, thus setting a precedent for the descendants of the martyrs to reclaim their family belongings. On April 29th, Armenian Church leaders will host a press conference at the National Press Club to discuss the launch of the legal action. Another press conference is scheduled to be held in Geneva in the coming weeks. Participating in the press conference will be Eastern Prelate Archbishop Oshagan Choloyan; Payam Akhavan, former UN prosecutor at The Hague and lead international counsel in this case; Cem Sofuogleu, Turkish human rights lawyer and local counsel in this case; Teny Pirri-Simonian, Senior Advisor to

On April 24, a memorable observance took place on the grounds of Tsitsernagapert, the Armenian Genocide Monument in Yerevan, with the participation of hundreds of religious leaders, Ambassadors, officials, and presidents of Russia, France, Cyprus and Serbia. While the heads of two superpowers came to Yerevan on April 24, Turkey was unable to attract to Gallipoli the same caliber of leaders, despite its considerable efforts. It was perfectly fitting to this solemn occasion that the distinguished guests at the Yerevan Memorial spent several hours huddled in blankets like refugees, in freezing temperatures, sheltered under a large canvass from the rain. One of the most stunning developments last week was Turkish Prime Minister Davutoglu s declaration that the Armenian deportations were a Crime Against Humanity which under international law is tantamount to recognizing the Armenian Genocide. No one should be surprised if Erdogan dismisses Davutoglu after the June Parliamentary elections. Now that the Centennial is behind us, it is high time that Armenians turn the page on Armenian Genocide recognition and begin to systematically pursue their claims from Turkey through international, regional and local tribunals.

Ara Papian Calls for Legal Fight for Reparations A prominent Armenian political analyst, Ara Papian, has called for the creation of a governmental body for the development of a legal portfolio of Armenian reparation demands from Turkey. The body, Papian says, should be given the authority to invite experienced specialists of international law from around the world. Speaking at a press conference on May 1, Papian said, The process of the Armenian Genocide recognition is meaningless without a clear legal formulation of our demands, because we do not gain anything from it. But, if we put forward clearly formulated legal demands to Turkey, then we can get some

Aram Suren Hamparian, Archbishop Oshagan Choloyan, lawyer Payam Akhavan, Teny PirriSimonian and Cem Sofuoglu present the case at the Press Club in Washington. DC

assistance in that issue from certain countries, which are interested in restraining Turkey and seeing it geographically more limited. He noted that the lawsuit brought forth by His Holiness Aram I, Catholicos of Cilicia, who has demanded the return of the historical Catholicosate of Sis, has been initiated at the right time. Years ago, His Holiness Aram I convened a conference on the issue of the return of the Catholicosate of Sis, during which we decided to raise that issue. I think that Catholicos Aram I was right in putting forward the aforesaid issue during the Centennial of the Armenian Genocide, which was a justified step from a political viewpoint, Papian said. Turkey, commented Ali Sunar, a man of Armenian descent from the Tunceli village of Mazgirt. The court must deliberate [for a long time] and decide what reason would be sufficient to allow a change of name. In Pirgic s case, documents from his grandfathers proved that he was an ethnic Armenian. Yet despite the difficulties, those ethnic Armenians who have gone public about their background are determined to persevere. After his own baptism a few months ago, 42-year-old Zeki-Armenak Sarijan began working with his friends on a project to restore Tunceli region s Armenian churches, most of which are half-ruined. This is an important step for us. We were unable to preserve either our identity or our heritage, and now is the time for that, said Sarijan, who was baptized with the Armenian name Armenak. Nonetheless, the desire for broader acceptance within the Armenian Apostolic Church lives on. We have made our identity public. And now Istanbul s Armenian Patriarchate and Etchmiadzin s Catholicos [Karekin II] need to accept us as Armenians, said Pirgic.

site Hetq.am, however, Archbishop Aram Ateshian, the acting head of the Istanbul the Armenian Catholicosate of Cilicia; and Armenian Patriarchate, objected that Muslim Aram Hamparian, Executive Director of the Armenians in Turkey want to become a Armenian National Committee of America. member of the Armenian Church but, on the The restoration of the Catholicosate other hand, to show that they are Muslim. would represent an act of justice, a first step They want the flexibility to use both variants. toward the legal return of the Armenian Church Many Turkey-born Armenians cannot and its faithful to their lawful place in their accept this explanation. The Patriarchate is rightful homeland, and a meaningful milestone simply trying to justify its actions, charged in the Armenian nation s journey toward a just Pirgiç. It s not easy for people living very far resolution of the Armenian Genocide, said from Istanbul, from rural areas, to leave their Armenian National Committee of America job, farms, gardens for six months to take Executive Director Aram Hamparian. part in the Patriarchate s training course. A representative of the Armenian Apostolic Since 2012, Aram I has presided over a committee of Turkish and international human Church s central press office commented, rights lawyers, preparing the current litigation. however, that the Church in Armenia only The committee will explain the lawsuit through requires an identity card for baptisms of ethnic Armenians from Turkey. Within Armenia itself, two press conferences. The Catholicosate of Cilicia settled in Sis, Armenians generally welcome such the former capital of the Cilician Kindgom, conversions. But conversions to Christianity are not in1295, after moving from several places due the only obstacle Muslim-born Armenians from to the political uncertainties in the region. In Turkey face. 1921, following the 1915 Genocide, the It is very difficult to change a name in Ottoman authorities ordered Catholicos Sahak II Khabayan and the clergy to vacate the location within two days. The Catholicos and the clergy left the monastery in Sis, taking with them very few objects, such as the basin pot for the preparation of holy chrism (muron), §ÂáñáÝÃáÑ³Û¦ å³ï³ëË³Ý³ïáõ ã¿ some manuscripts and liturgical items. After Çñ ¿ç»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç ÉáÛë ï»ë³Í Í³ÝáõóáõÙÝ»ñáõ µáí³Ý¹³ÏáõÃ»³Ý: moving between Jerusalem, Aleppo, Ø»½Ç ÛÕáõ³Í µáÉáñ ÃÕÃ³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Damascus and Cyprus, in 1930 the »ÝÃ³Ï³Û »Ý áñáß ËÙµ³·ñáõÙÇ: Catholicosate settled in Antelias.

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Kardashians Tell Prime Minister they Will Fight for Genocide Recognition

Kim Kardashian, her family, rapper Kanye West and daughter North, and her sister Khloe Kardashian accompanied with cousins visited Armenia on the second week of April to explore their ancestral homeland. The Kardashian s met with the Prime Minister Hovik Abrahamyan. They told Abrahamyan that they will fight for the recognition and condemnation of the Armenian Genocide, pledging to advance unity among Armenians, reported the Public Radio of Armenia. The Prime Minister stressed the importance of the Kardashian family s contribution to the international recognition and condemnation of the Armenian Genocide and welcomed their visit on the threshold of the Armenian Genocide centennial. Abrahamyan hailed the fact that members of the Kardashian family never forget their roots and added that their visit would Kim Kardashian in Gyumri visiting her ancestral home. make our country better recognizable. Kim and Khloe thanked the Prime Minister for the welcome and said they were impressed by Armenia and the hospitality of its citizens. The guests said they intend to visit different historical-cultural sites in Armenia to explore their legacy and the Motherland of their ancestors. The sisters confessed that visiting their historic Motherland had been their long-time dream and added that they are happy to be in the country of their dreams. They apologized for not speaking Armenian and said they re working to learn the language. During their week-long stay they will be filming episodes to air later in the year for their popular reality series Keeping Up with the Kardashians, which airs in the United States on the E! Network. The Kardashian entourage visited the Monastery of Geghart, after taking a stroll in Yerevan, where they took the escalators at Cascade up to the Mother Armenia statue. Later, they travelled to the city of Gyumri and visited a dilapidated ancestral home. The Kardashian sisters visited the Dzidzernagapert Kim with daughter North in Keghart monastery. Armenian Genocide monument and laid wreaths at the eternal with the young Armenians who attend the center s programs. flame, in memory of the 1.5 million victims of the Armenian Later West gave an open air concert staged around Swan Genocide. Lake in Yerevan to a huge crowd. Grammy Award-winning musician Kanye West visited The Kardashians visit to Armenia was organized by the the Tumo Center for Creative Technologies, where he met joint efforts of the Armenia Development Fund and SIMA

Kim and Khloe Kardashian together with their cousins visit Dzidzernagapert memorial in Yerevan.

Tours USA travel company, with the support of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Armenia. The Director of Armenia Development Fund (ADF) Arman Khachaturyan said that the visit of the Kardashian family should be regarded as a family pilgrimage to the homeland of their ancestors, an act which should be but very highly praised. At the end of their visit to Armenia and in a quick detour to Jerusalem, Kardashian and rapper Kanye West had their toddler daughter, North West, baptized at a 12th century Armenian church in the old walled city.

SOAD Rocks Yerevan on Eve of Armenian Genocide Commemoration

SOAD greet fans during the Wake Up the Souls concert in Yereavn.

On April 23, the eve of the 100th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide, the rock band System of a Down performed in Armenia for the first time. The band embarked on their Wake Up the Souls tour earlier this month to coincide with the centennial commemorations of the Armenian Genocide. The band s ArmenianAmerican members chose to conclude the tour in their homeland, where they performed in Yerevan s Republic Square. Thousands of fans gathered under the rain on for the nearly two-and-a-half hour concert where the band performed 37 songs and played a mini-documentary in three parts throughout the concert that aimed to raise

awareness about the Genocide and call on world leaders to recognize this crime against humanity. The concert was live-streamed by Rolling Stone to a worldwide audience. The band s frontman Serj Tankian spoke about his grandparents, survivors of the Armenian genocide. The fact that the U.S. government picks the wrong word to recognize what we know is genocide is not only appalling to us, it s appalling to Americans, he said. Tankian went on to say that Armenia, as a nation of survivors, should never be a client state to Russia or any other country. We ve come a long way, but we still have a lot of

Tankian and Dolmayan in their element.

work to do, he added. It is the responsibility of the Government of the Republic of Armenia to bring in the principles of egalitarian civic society, get rid of the institutional injustice abound, and stop the depopulation that is occurring. The band said it was its responsibility to say these things and rock you at the same time. The four-member rock band is composed of Serj Tankian, lead singer and keyboardist, Daron Malakian, guitarist and vocalist, Shavo Odadjian, bass and backing vocalist, and John Dolmayan, drums. The band says the Wake Up the Souls tour s main objective is to create awareness

and recognition of the Armenian genocide to the entire world, particularly in Turkey, where the government still does not recognize the genocide. The band s announcement on their website called for the good people of conscience in Turkey to take a stand for truth and justice, and ask their President and Parliament to accept the Republic of Turkey s moral and material responsibility for the Armenian Genocide. The band is set to continue touring in June, when they will play in Detroit, Toronto, Montebello (California), Rio de Janeiro, Bogota and Mexico City.

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Èáéáõ³Û Èáµ³Ë³ßáõ

ä³ïñ³ëïáõÃÇõÝÁ Ü³Ë³å¿ë Ãñç»É ÉáõµÇ³Ý. ³é³ï çáõñáí »÷»É, ³õ»ÉóÁÝ»É ß»ñïáõ³Í ëáËÁ »õ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»É »÷»É Ù³ñÙ³Ý¹ Ïñ³Ïáí: ºñµ ³ñ¹¿Ý ÇëÏ å³ïñ³ëï ¿ É»óÝ»É Ù³Ýñáõ³Í ÁÝÏáÛ½Á, Áëï ó³ÝÏáõÃ»³Ý Ý³»õ ëËïáñÁ (Û³×³Ë ëËïáñÁ ×½Ùáõ³Í ÏÁ µ»ñáõÇ ë»Õ³Ý, Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñÁ Çñ ³Ù³ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ³õ»ÉóÁÝ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ), å³Õ çáõñáí Ýûëñ³ó³Í ³ÉÇõñÝ áõ Ï³Ý³ãÇÝ. »é³óÝ»É 15 í³ÛñÏ»³Ý »õë: ÎáÕùÇÝ Ù³ïáõó»É É³õ³ß, Ï³Ý³ãÇ, Ï³Ý³ã Ï³Ù ·ÉáõË ëáË-ëËïáñ, µáÕÏ, ÃáõñßÇ:

Ø²ÚÆê 2015 Ä. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 115

We have to make sure...

cont. from page 25

breakthrough with Turkey, but obviously it hasn t happened. It needs to happen, and in my view it will happen. It just costs both countries too much for that relationship not to be thriving and that very close historical connection between Western Armenia and today s Armenia, between Turkey and all the territories where Armenians historically lived, to be open. So we will continue to work to that end. We can t accept that relations to be held hostage to a false interpretation of history, and economic benefit to both sides will be enormous when it comes. It s nice to see people in Istanbul commemorating the Genocide peacefully, there have been some steps in the past two years to speak more honestly about it but obviously in recent months we ve seen some backsliding as well. Ultimately, logic and market relations will prevail but in the meantime this artificial blockage in the history of two nations remain and I think Armenia is very intelligently trying to succeed in spite of that. With the move towards the Eurasian Economic Union but they also want to pursue an association agreement and other enhancements of their relationship with Europe obviously because the 500 million people, 16 trillion dollar economy that Europe represents are as attractive to Armenia as they are to us in Canada, and we re pursuing free-trade with European Union and why wouldn t Armenia do the same? Q- Minister Alexander, thank you for your time and thank you for being a friend of the Armenian community for so many years. A- You re welcome it s an inspiring community, and talking to people like you who are so committed and who are so wellinformed is inspiring and I d just like to say in spite of the blockade, the talent of Armenian people and the strength of the Diaspora have never impressed me more than on this last trip so I m quite confident that the country is going to keep moving forward using all of the tools available to it and it will always have a very strong and principled friend in Canada and this government.

¶ñ»ó¿ù Ù»½Ç §ÂáñáÝÃáÑ³Û¦ Çñ ÁÝÃ»ñóáÕÝ»ñ¿Ý ³ÝÓÝ³Ï³Ý ·ñáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñ, ÇÝãå¿ë Ý³»õ ËÙµ³·ñáõÃ»³Ý áõÕÕáõ³Í Ï³ñÍÇùÝ»ñ ÏÁ ëï³Ý³Û Ù»ù»Ý³·ñáõ³Í »õ áõÕÕáõ³Í Ñ»ï»õ»³É »É»ÏïñáÝÇù Ñ³ëó¿ÇÝª

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Ø²ÚÆê 2015 Ä. î²ðÆ, ÂÆô 115

ÞÜàðÐ²Î²ÈÆø ²Ûëáõ, Ïáõ ·³Ýù Ù»ñ ËáñÇÝ ßÝáñÑ³Ï³ÉáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ Û³ÛïÝ»Éáõ µáÉáñ ³ÝáÝó áñáÝù ³ÝÓ³Ùµ, Í³ÕÏ»åë³Ïáí »õ ÝáõÇñ³ïáõáõÃ»³Ùµ ó³õ³ÏÇó »Õ³Ý Ù»ñ ëáõ·ÇÝª

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