Index
decompositions of generalized entropy measure by income source, 284–86, 284t of generalized entropy measures, 280–81, 280t Gini coefficient, 278–80, 279t headcount ratio and subnational, 181–83, 181t of inequality measures, 21–22 of inequality using second Theil measure, 282–84, 283t Oaxaca, 19 poverty changes in growth and redistribution, 222–23, 222t degenerate income distributions, 65 demographic composition, headcount ratio by, 192–94, 192t density function, 50–52, 51f, 157–58, 157f deprivation cutoff, 232 deprivation measures, dimension-specific, 234 deprivation vector, 29 desirable properties income standards, 54–58 inequality measures, 81–87 poverty measures, 106–13 dimension-specific deprivation measures, 234 dimensional indicators, dashboard of, 235–36 diminishing marginal utility, 9, 57 distributions. See also income distributions base, 105 computing inequality of, 150n9 density function, 157–58, 157f doubly censored, 34 effect, 43 FSD using quantile functions and cdf, 71f headcount ratio and poor, 172–73, 172t income types of, 4–6 joint, 237–38 mean of, 149n5 of population across quintiles, 169–70, 169t of population across quintiles by household head’s characteristics, 187–88, 187t of population across quintiles by subnational region, 180–81, 180t
rural and urban poor, 162–63, 162t sensitive measures, 236–37 sensitive poverty measures, 34–35, 129–30, 133–34 smoothed, 20 spread, 13 dominance properties analysis, 207–16 conducting analysis of, 70–71 first-order stochastic. See first-order stochastic dominance inequality measures, 81 Lorenz, 23–25, 102 poverty measures, 31, 107, 109 second-order stochastic, 11–12, 39 third-order stochastic, 39 types of, 54 unanimous relation and, 69–70, 101–3 doubly censored distributions, 34 dual cutoff approach to identification, 233
E economies of scale, 47–48 ede (equally distributed equivalent income), 9 education levels, headcount ratios by, 190–92, 191t effect, distribution and growth, 43 efforts, identity variables, 239 elasticity consumption expenditures and, 275–76, 275t of FGT poverty indices to per capita consumption, 199–201, 199t poverty line and, 42 employment categories, headcount ratio by, 188–90, 189t entropy measures, generalized. See generalized entropy measures equal-weighted sample, 4–5 equally distributed equivalent income (ede), 9 equivalence scale, 47–48 Euclidean means, income standards, 8, 17, 64 European Union’s country-level poverty lines, 28
295