A Unified Approach to Measuring Poverty and Inequality
longer. A good approach is to obtain the result you want without standard errors, then generate final results with standard errors. • To calculate frequencies: Before clicking the Generate button, activate the Frequencies option.
Tables with frequencies show the unweighted number of observations that were used in the calculation of a particular cell in a table. No significant additional time is needed to calculate frequencies. Results of standard error and frequency calculations associated with a table are provided in separate worksheets, labeled SE and FREQ, within the output report.
Applying If-Conditions to Outputs The purpose of if-conditions is to include observations from a particular subgroup of a population in the analysis. The inclusion condition is formulated as a Boolean expression—a function of the variables existing in the dataset. Each particular observation is included in the analysis if it satisfies the inclusion condition (the Boolean expression evaluates to value true). In many cases, the conditions we use are quite simple. Consider the following examples: If-condition urban=1 region=5 age_yrs>=16 sland!=0
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Interpretation Only those observations having the value of variable urban equal to one will be included in the analysis. Only observations from the region with code 5 are included in the analysis. Only those individuals who are 16 years old or older are included in the analysis. Exclude from analysis those individuals who are not landowners (given that the variable sland denotes the area of the land owned).