UNUSUAL ISLANDS (continued): • In the far northern part of Canada there is a chain of islands known as the Arctic Archipelago. There are 94 islands with Ellesmere Island being the farthest north and the tenth largest island in the world.
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MOMENTS IN TIME
• On Aug. 1, 1498, Italian explorer Christopher Columbus sets foot on the American mainland for the first time, in present-day Venezuela. Thinking it was an island, he christened it Isla Santa and claimed it for Spain. Columbus, a deeply religious man, decided that Venezuela was the outer regions of the Garden of Eden. • On July 29, 1862, Confederate spy Marie Isabella "Belle" Boyd is arrested by Union troops and detained for providing crucial information to the Confederates during the war. It was the first of three arrests. Boyd was just 18 years old. • On Aug. 2, 1876, "Wild Bill" Hickok, one of the greatest gunfighters of the American West, is murdered in Deadwood, South Dakota. Hickok was playing cards with his back to the saloon door when a young gunslinger named Jack McCall shot him in the back of the head. • On July 31, 1937, Charles Martine, an Apache scout who played an important role in the surrender of Geronimo in 1886, dies on the Mescalero Reservation in New Mexico. After being found, Geronimo agreed
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to a meeting with Gen. Nelson Miles, during which he gave his unconditional surrender. Martine and Geronimo were exiled, and Martine never did receive his promised reward. • On July 28, 1945, a United States military plane crashes into the Empire State Building, killing 14 people. Upon impact, the plane's jet fuel exploded. One engine from the plane went straight through the building and landed in a penthouse apartment across the street. • On July 30, 1956, two years after pushing to have the phrase "under God" inserted into the pledge of allegiance, President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a law officially declaring "In God We Trust" to be the nation's official motto and be printed on all U.S. paper currency. • On Aug. 3, 1965, CBS-TV news shows pictures of men from the First Battalion, Ninth Marines setting fire to huts in the village of Cam Na, Vietnam, despite reports that the Viet Cong had already fled the area. The film report sparked indignation and condemnation of the U.S. policy.
• Ellesmere Island is only 497 miles from the North Pole and 15 miles from Greenland. It is a polar desert with an average annual precipitation of only 2 ¾ inches, making it drier than the Sahara Desert! • On the southern coast of Ellesmere Island, Grise Fiord is the northernmost permanent community in Canada with a hardy but small population of 148. • An island with a population at the other end of the population spectrum is Java, Indonesia. It is the thirteenth largest island in the world and is home to 136 million people. • Known for its millions of peppers instead of people is Avery Island, Louisiana. The island is one of five salt domes that rise out of the marshes of the Louisiana Gulf Coast. This island is only 163 feet above sea level. • The McIlhenny Company and their acres of hot peppers and facilities for producing the famous TABASCO® products occupy most of Avery Island. The family-owned hot sauce company has been at the site since its founding in 1868. • An island not known for hot peppers, but for beautiful flowers, red soil, shorelines, and a famous novel is Prince Edward Island (PEI). Anne of Green Gables, published in 1908 by Lucy Maud Montgomery, is famous all over the world. Thousands of tourists come to the island off the eastern coast of Canada annually to visit Green Gables Heritage Place and Montgomery’s home, both part of PEI National Park.
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