32
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n [dthp-khh;r; 2018
Mrpahd;-,e;jpah epidT tpoh
cr;rp khehL 2018 25 Mz;L fhy $l;LwT nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ
FbauR jpdk; 2018: Mrpahd; ,e;jpahTf;F tUfpwJ
ehye;jh> gPfhh; tuyhw;Wld; xU re;jpg;G
epwq;fspd; gz;bif gy tz;zq;fspy; N`hypg; gz;bif
mQ;rypapy; ebfh; r\p fG+h;
fjk;gk; ,e;jpah KOtJk; elf;fTs;s epfo;Tfs;
Gj;j G+h;zpkh nfsjk Gj;jh; vd;W miof;fg;gl;ltUk; ehL KOtjpYKs;s gf;jh;fshy; tzq;fg;gLk; rpj;jhh;j;j nfsjkiu ,e;j tpoh rpwg;gpf;fpwJ.
vg;nghOJ: 2018 Vg;uy; 30 vq;Nf: ehL KOtJk;
ukyhd;
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,];yhkpa fhyz;lhpd; xd;gjhk; khjkhd ukyhd; MdJ ,];yhkpa r%fj;jpw;fhd Md;kPf Rj;jpfhpg;G> Nehd;G> Raj;ij Muha;jy; kw;Wk; gpuhh;j;jid fhykhFk;.
gQ;rhg; khepyj;jpd; kpfg; nghpa tptrha r%fkhd igrhf;fp r%fj;jpdh; fhh; fhy gaph;fis mWtil nra;tij rpwg;gpf;fpd;wdh;. ,e;j tpohtpd; NghJ> mth;fs; ehl;Lg;Gw ghly;fis ghLfpd;wdh;> NkYk; gq;fhuh kw;Wk; fpj;jh ehl;Lg;Gw eldq;fis MLfpd;wdh;.
vg;nghOJ: 2018 Nk 17 Kjy; [_d; 16 tiu vq;Nf: cyfk; KOtJk;
vg;nghOJ: 2018 Vg;uy; 14 vq;Nf: gQ;rhg;
Nkhl;Rg; gz;bif ehfyhe;jpd; MNth goq;Fbapdh; gaph;fis tpijj;j gpwF Nkhl;Rg; gz;bifiaf; nfhz;lhLfpd;wdh;. ehl;Lg;Gw eldkhLjy;> tpUe;jspj;jy; kw;Wk; ghly;fs; ghLjy; Mfpait ,e;j nfhz;lhl;lj;Jld; xUq;fpize;jitahFk;.
vg;nghOJ: 2018 Nk 2 vq;Nf: NkhNfhf;rq;> ehfyhe;J
Nuhfhyp gp`_ mrhk; khepyj;jpd; kpfg; nghpa gz;bifahd Nuhfhyp gp`{ MdJ mrhkp GJ tUlj;ij rpwg;gpf;fpwJ kw;Wk; mikjpiaAk; nropg;igAk; nfhz;lhLfpwJ. ,e;j khepyj;jpd; kpfTk; gpugykhd ehl;Lg;Gw eld tbtkhd gp`{ eldkhdJ nfhz;lhl;lj;jpd; xU gFjpahf Mlg;gLfpwJ.
vg;nghOJ: 2018 Vg;uy; 13 Kjy; 15 tiu vq;Nf: mrhk
fq;fh jruh nrhh;f;fk; Kjy; G+Nyhfk; tiu fq;if ejpapd; kuigf; nfhz;lhLk; ,e;j gz;bifahdJ ,e;j ejpapy; rk;gpujha Fspay; nra;J kw;Wk; ejpf;F rpy goq;fis fhzpf;if nrYj;jp gf;jh;fshy; rpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
vg;nghOJ: 2018 Nk 24 vq;Nf: cj;jug; gpuNjrk;
Kd;Diu 2018 [dthp 25 md;W ,e;jpahtpy; Kjy; Kiwahf eilngw;w Mrpahd;-,e;jpah epidT khehlhdJ Mrpahd; ehLfSld; ,e;jpahtpd; murpay; gazj;jpd; tuyhw;W iky;fy;iy gjpT nra;jJ. Mrpahd; ehl;Lj; jiyth;fSf;F GJ jpy;ypapy; md;ghd tuNtw;G nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ> NkYk; cr;rp khehlhdJ gu];gu eyd; Fwpj;j gpur;ridfspd; njhFg;ig ntspr;rj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;L te;jhYk;> uh[;ghj;jpy; 69tJ FbauR jpdj;jpw;F tpUe;jhspfshf te;jpUe;j mth;fspd; tUifahdJ ,e;j ePbj;j $l;Lwtpd; typikiaAk; cj;Ntfj;ijAk; kPz;Lk; cWjp nra;jJ. ,e;jpa jhprdq;fspd; ,e;j ntspaPl;by;> cr;rpkhehL kw;Wk; khngUk; FbauR jpd nfhz;lhl;lk; Fwpj;j ntw;wpfukhd eltbf;iffis Fwpj;j xU ghh;itiag; ghh;g;Nghk;. fle;j rpy khjq;fshf ,e;jpahtpd; murpay; fhyz;luhdJ gy Kf;fpakhd ,Ujug;G kw;Wk; gyjug;G re;jpg;GfSld; thpir fl;b epw;fpwJ. N[hh;lhd;> ghy];jPdk;> If;fpa muG ehLfs; kw;Wk; Xkd; Mfpa ehLfSf;F gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhbapd; ntw;wpfukhd muRKiwg; gazq;fs; kw;Wk; flNyhu mz;il ehLfSld; ,e;jpahtpd; cwit tYg;gLj;Jjy; Mfpait Fwpj;J thrpg;Nghk;. ,];Nuy;> <uhd; kw;Wk; fdlh Nghd;w gpw ehl;Lj; jiyth; ,e;jpahtpw;F muRKiwg; gazq;fs; Nkw;nfhz;lJ Fwpj;j fhhpaq;fisAk; ,e;j ntspaPL cq;fSf;F toq;FfpwJ. gpuahzk; vd;w gphptpy;> gPfhhpy; cs;s eye;jh vd;w goq;fhy klhyaj;jpw;F cq;fis mioj;Jr; nry;fpNwhk;> gy E}w;whz;Lfshf njd;fpof;F Mrpah KOtjpYk; cs;s khzth;fisAk; mwpQh;fisAk; fth;e;jpOj;j cyfpd; Kjy; FbapUg;G fy;tp ikakhd mjd; kfpikf;Fs; mjd; ,bghLfs; kPz;Lk; mioj;Jr; nry;fpd;wd. ekJ Gifg;glg; gphptpy;> capNuhl;lkhd N`hyp gz;bifia ePq;fs; ,jw;F Kd; ghh;j;jpuhj tpjj;jpy; fhZq;fs;. gQ;rhgpYs;s N`hyh k`hyh kw;Wk; cj;jpug; gpuNjrj;jpYs;s yhj;khh; N`hyp Kjy; Nkw;F tq;fhsj;jpy; cs;s Nlhy; [j;uh kw;Wk; NfushtpYs;s kQ;ry; Fyp tiu> ,e;jpahtpd; gue;j epyg;gug;ghdJ gy;NtW tz;z tpohtpd; jhafkhfj; jpfo;fpwJ. Jzpf;fhd tz;z Kfq;fspy; ,Ue;J> ,sk; Mil tbtikg;ghsh; Ur;rpfh rr;Njth ngz;kzpfSf;fhd gphptpy; Gfo;kpf;f rh;tNjr T+y;khh;f; ghpir nty;Yk; Kjy; ,e;jpa ngz;kzpahf jdJ gazj;ij epidT$Wfpwhh;. Rw;Wr;#oYf;fhd mtuJ mh;g;gzpg;G kw;Wk; mtuJ Muk;gq;fs; gw;wp thrpf;Fk; NghJ> M];jpNuypahtpd; Fapd;];Nyz;by; elf;fTs;s Nfhy;L Nfh];l; 2018 fhkd;nty;j; tpisahl;Lg; Nghl;bapy; ghlg; Nghfpw mrhkpa ghlfp fy;gdh gNlhthhpapd; ,irg; gazj;jpy; cs;s mNj czh;T vjpnuhypg;Gfis fhzyhk;. ,Wjpahf> ,e;jpahtpw;Fs;Sk; mjd; vy;iyfSf;F mg;ghYk; kpy;ypad; fzf;fhd ,jaq;fisf; nfhs;isabj;j kiwe;j ebfh; r\p fG+Uf;F ehk; mQ;ryp nrYj;JfpNwhk;. 32
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MrpupaH: utP\; FkhH cjtp MrpupaH: uh[j; ghj;efh; ntsptptfhu mikr;R miw ,y. 152> ~V| gpupT> rh];jpup gtd;> GJby;yp- 110001, ,e;jpah njh.: 91.11.23388949> 23381719 njhiyefy;.: 91.11.23384663 ,izak;: http://www.indiandiplomacy.in fUj;J my;yJ Nfs;tpfspw;F: osdpd2@mea.gov.in
khf;];NghrH kPbah F&g; ,e;jpah gpiuNtl; ypkpw;nwl; jiyik epu;thf mjpfhup & epu;thf ,af;Fdu;: gpufh\; N[h`up ,af;Fdu;: tpfh]; N[h`up jiyaq;fk; ,af;Fdu;: n[a;jh ge;Njhghj;gha jiyik mYtyfk; khf;n]f;]N ; ghrH kPbah F&g; #TheAddress, gpshl; vz; 62> Xf;yh fl;lk; -3> GJ by;yp - 110020 ,e;jpah njh: +91.11.43011111 > njhiyefy;: +91.11.43011199
CIN No: U22229DL2006PTC152087 fUj;J my;yJ Nfs;tpfspw;F:
indiaperspectives@maxposuremedia.com
Nfs;tpfspw;F | MMGIPL njh: +91.11.43011111 njhiyefy;: +91.11.43011199 www.maxposuremedia.com
,e;jpa juprdk; mNugpak;> g`rh> ,e;NjhNdrpak;> Mq;fpyk;> gpnud;Q>; N[Hkd;> ,e;jp> ,j;jhypak;>; gh\;Njh> ghurPfk;> NghHj;Jf;Nfak;> u\pak;> rpq;fsk;> ];ghdp\> jkpo;> rPdk;> ag;ghdpak; Mfpa nkhopfspy; gpuRupf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpa juprdk; MdJ miw ,y. 152> ~V| gpupT> rh];jpup gtH> GJby;yp – 110001 vd;w tpyhrj;jps;s $Ljy; nrayhsu;; (MEA) $l;Lr; nrayhsUk;> cj;jpNahfg+Htg; Ngr;rhsUkhd utP\; Fkhu;; gpuRupf;fg;gLfpwJ> NkYk; MEA-,d; rhHghf #TheAddress, gpshl; vz; 62> Xf;yh fl;lk; -3> GJ by;yp 110020 ,e;jpah vd;w tpyhrj;jpYs;s khf;]N ; gh\H kPbah F&g; ,e;jpah gpiuNtw; ypkpw;nwl; (MMGIPL) epWtdj;jhy; gpuRupf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;jpa juprdk; xU tUlj;jpy; MW jlitfs; ntspaplg;gLfpwJ. midj;J cupikfSk; ghJfhf;fg;gl;lit. ,jpYs;s vOj;jhf;fk;> glNtiy kw;Wk;/ my;yJ Gifg;glj;ij ‘,e;jpa juprdj;jpw;F” ed;wp njuptpj;J cgNahfpf;fyhk; my;yJ kW mr;rplyhk;. ,.nt.m kw;Wk; MMGIPL Mfpait kdkhuf; nfhLf;fg;gl;l nghUl;fs;> ifnaOj;Jg; gpujpfs;> Gifg;glq;fs;> glNtiy> xspa+LUT glq;fs; my;yJ kw;iwa nghUl;fspd; ,og;gpw;F nghWg;ig Vw;Wf;nfhs;s khl;lh. ,r;rQ;rpifapy; ntspg;gLj;jg;gLk; fUj;Jfs; ,.nt.m my;yJ MMGIPL ,d; fUj;Jf;fshf ,Uf;f Ntz;ba mtrpakpy;iy.
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,e;jpa juprdk; | 6 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
NkNy: uh\;bugjp gtdpy; ,e;jpa gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb kw;Wk; 10 Mrpahd; jiyth;fs; NkNy tyJGwk;: ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;j; mth;fs; tpal;ehk; mjpgh; epFad; Rthd; Gf; mth;fis re;jpf;fpwhh;
,e ;j Mz L ; [dth pa py ; 10 Mr pahd ; ehLfs pd ; jiyth ;fSk ; GJ j py ;y pf ;F te ;j NghJ> fhw ;whdJ tuyhw ;W czh ;t pdhy ; e puk ;g p to pe ;jJ. ,J cWg ;g pdh ; my ;yhj ehLfSld ; njd ; f pof ;F Mr pa FO elj ;Jk ; ,uz ;lhtJ r pwg G; cr ;r p khehlhFk ;. 2018 [dth p 25 md ;W eilngw ;w Mr pahd ;-,e ;j pa e pidthh ;e ;j cr ;r p khehlhdJ ,U jug ;g pdh ;fSf ;Fk ; xU mur pay ; ntw ;w pahf mike ;jJ> Vndd ;why ; ,J ,e ;j pahTldhd 25 Mz L ; fhy Mr pahd ; Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ij $l;lhz ;ikia gj pT nra ;Js ;sJ kw ;Wk ; ,d ;Dk ; gy Mz L ; fs ; xj ;Jiog G; k ; gu] ;gu tsh ;r ;r pAk ; njhlUk ; vd vj ph ;ghh ;f ;fg ;gLf pwJ.
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,e;jpa juprdk; | 8 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
10 Mrpahd; ehl;Lj; jiyth;fSk; gpujkh; Nkhb mth;fSk; Mrpahd;,e;jpa Ngr;Rthh;j;ij cwTfis tYg;gLj;Jk; jq;fs; epiyg;ghL Fwpj;J cWjpnkhop vLj;Jf; nfhz;ldh; 10 jiyr pwe ;j egh ;fSf ;F r pwg G; gj ;k t pUJfs ; toq ;fg ;gLk ; vd g pujkh ; Nkhb mw pt pj ;jhh ;.
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10 Mr pahd ; ehl;Lj ; jiyth ;fSk ; g pujkh ; NkhbAk ; xU $l;L cWj pnkho p mw pf ;if %yk ; Mr pahd ;-,e ;j pah e pidthh ;e ;j cr ;r p khehl;il r pwg ;g pj ;jdh ;. mNjNghy> 'If ;f pa ehLfs pd ; xg ;ge ;jj ;j py ; Fw pg ;g plg ;gl;L s ;s nfhs ;iffs ;> Nehf ;fq ;fs ;> gf pug ;gl;l kj pg G; fs ; kw ;Wk ; t pj pKiwfs ;> njd ;f pof ;F Mr paht pd ; el;G wT kw ;Wk ; xj ;Jiog G; Fw pj ;j xg ;ge ;jk ;> gu] ;gu eyd ; cwTfSf ;fhd Nfhl;ghLfs ; Fw pj ;J f pof ;F Mr pa cr ;r pkhehl;bd ; mw pf ;if kw ;Wk ; 2012 brk ;gh ; 20 ,y ; eilngw ;w 20tJ Mz L ; Mr pahd ;,e ;j pa Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ij cwTfis r pwg ;g pf ;f Mr pahd ;-,e ;j pa e pidthh ;e ;j cr ;r p khehl;by ; Vw ;Wf n ; fhs ;sg ;gl;l ,yl;r pa mw pf ;iffs "; Mf patw ;w pdhy ; to pelj ;jg ;gl;L Mr pahd ;-,e ;j pa Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ij cwTfis tYg ;gLj ;Jk ; jq ;fs ; e piyg ;ghL Fw pj ;J mth ;fs ; cWj pnkho p vLj ;Jf ; nfhz ;ldh ;. ,uz L ; g puhe ;j paq ;fSf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; fhzg ;gLk ; fyhr ;rhu kw ;Wk ; ehfh pf cwTfis mq ;f f P h pj ;j jiyth ;fs ; 'Mr pahd ;-,e ;j pah nray ;j pl;lj ;ij nray ;gLj ;Jtj py ; mikj p> Kd N; dw ;wk ; kw ;Wk ; gf pug ;gl;l nro pg G; (20162020) Mf patw ;w pw ;fhd Mr pahd ;,e ;j pa $l;lhz ;ikia nray ;gLj ;Jk ; nray ;j pl;lj ;j py ; Kd N; dw ;wk ; kw ;Wk ; 2016-2018 f ;fhd Kd ;Dh pikfs ; gl;bay "; Mf patw ;w py ; jq ;fs ; j pUg ;j pia nts pg ;gLj ;j pdh ;.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 9 |
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$l;lhz;ik
cwTfis
cUthf;Fjy; 2018 gpg;uthp 18 Kjy; 24 tiu> fdlh ehl;L gpujkh; [];bd; l;&Nj mth;fs; ,e;jpahtpy; Nkw;nfhz;l vl;L ehl;fs; muRKiwg; gazkhdJ ,U ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilapyhd murpay;> nghUshjhu kw;Wk; kdpjhgpkhd xj;Jiog;ig NkYk; tYg;gLj;jpapUf;fpwJ
[dehafk ;> gd ;Kf Nehf ;F> rkj ;Jtk ; kw ;Wk ; rl;l t pj pa pd ; gf pug ;gl;l kj pg G; fs pd ; mbg ;gila py ; ,e ;j pahTk ; fdlhTk ; gy Mz L ; fshf xU mur pay ; $l;lhz ;ikia gf ph ;e ;J te ;Js ;sd. ,U ehLfSf ;Fk ; ,ila pyhd ,Ujug G; cwTfis NkYk ; tYg ;gLj ;Jk ; Nehf ;f py ;> ,e ;j pa g pujkh ; eNue ;j pu Nkhba pd ; miog ;g pd ; Ngh py ;> 2018 g pg ;uth p 18 Kjy ; 24 tiu fdlh
,e;jpa juprdk; | 10 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
ehl;L g pujkh ; [] ;bd ; l;&Nj mth ;fs ; ,e ;j paht pw ;F muRKiwg ; gazk ; Nkw n ; fhz ;lhh ;. g pg ;uth p 23 md ;W GJ j py ;y pa py ; itj ;J ,U jiyth ;fSk ; re ;j pj ;Jf ; nfhz ;ldh ;> NkYk ; 'mur pay ; $l;lhz ;ika pd ; jw N; ghija gy N; ehf ;Fj ;jd ;ik kw ;Wk ; tsh ;r ;r pf ;fhd jq ;fs ; e piyg ;g ;ghl;il kz P L ; k ; cWj pg ;gLj ;Jf pNwhk "; vd ;W ,U ehl;Lj ; jiyth ;fSk ; $l;L mw pf ;if
nts pa pl;ljhf ,e ;j pa nts pAwTj ;Jiw mikr ;rfk ; njh pt pj ;jJ. 'cs ;ehl;bYk ; nts pehl;bYk ; kd pj ch pikfis ghJfhj ;jy ; kw ;Wk ; Nkk ;gLj ;Jjy ; kw ;Wk ; ghy pd rkj ;Jtj ;ijAk ; [dehaf rKjhaq ;fs pd ; Kf ;f pa e piyg ;ghl;il Cf ;fg ;gLj ;Jjy "; Mf patw ;w pd ; Kf ;f paj ;Jtj ;ij mth ;fs ; ty pAWj ;j pdh ; kw ;Wk ; gu] ;gu eyd ; Fw pj ;j Kf ;f pa gFj pfs py ; ,e ;j paht pw ;Fk ; fdlht pw ;Fk ; ,ila pyhd xj ;Jiog ;ig Nkk ;gLj ;Jtj py ; njhlh ;e ;J nray ;glTk ; xg G; f ; nfhz ;ldh ;.
xd ;whf tsUjy ;
,Ujug G; th ;j ;jf kw ;Wk ; nghUshjhu cwTfis t ph pTgLj ;Jtjw ;fhd kw ;Wk ; ngUf ;Ftjw ;fhd rhj ;j paf ;$WfisAk ; ,U jiyth ;fSk ; t pthj pj ;jdh ;. ,Ujug G; nts pAwT Kjy PlL ; Cf ;Ft pg G; kw ;Wk ; ghJfhg G; xg ;ge ;jj ;ij ,Wj p nra ;tjw ;fhd Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ijfs ; elj ;jg ;gl;ld> NkYk ; xU t ph pthd nghUshjhu $l;L xg ;ge ;jk ; ,U jug ;g py pUe ;Jk ; ty pAWj ;jg ;gl;lJ. Ntiytha ;g G; kw ;Wk ; Gj pa nghUshjhu tha ;g G; fis cUthf ;Ftjd ; %yk ; ,uz L ; ehLfs pd ; Fbkf ;fSf ;Fk ; ed ;ikgaf ;Fk ; th ;j ;jf xg ;ge ;jq ;fs py ; ifnaOj ;j pLtJ ,U muRj ; jiyth ;fshYk ; tuNtw ;fg ;gl;lJ.
mtUila tUifa pd ; NghJ> fy ;t p> jfty ; njho py E ; l;gk ;> MbNah t p\ ;tiy ,ize ;J jahh pj ;jy ;> cs ;ehl;L mZrf ;j p t pQ ;Qhdk ; kw ;Wk ; njho py E ; l;gk ;> t pisahl;L kw ;Wk ; mw pTrhh ; nrhj ;J Nghd ;wtw ;w py ; ftdk ; nrYj ;j ,U ehLfSf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; gy Kf ;f pakhd xg ;ge ;jq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; Gh pe ;Jzh ;Tfs ; ifnaOj ;jhf pd.
,Ujug;G th;j;jf kw;Wk; nghUshjhu cwTfis tphpTgLj;Jtjw;fhd kw;Wk; ngUf;Ftjw;fhd rhj;jpaf;$WfisAk; ,U jiyth;fSk; tpthjpj;jdh;
NkNy (,lkpUe;J tyk;): fdlh ehl;L gpujkUld; ,e;jpa FbauRj; jiyth; uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;j; ,e;jpa ntsptptfhuj; Jiw mikr;rh; R\;kh ];tuh[; mth;fis gpujkh; l;UNj re;jpf;fpwhh;; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: GJ jpy;ypapy; cs;s i`juhghj; ,y;yj;jpy; fdlh ehl;L gpujkh; [];bd; l;&Nj kw;Wk; ,e;jpa gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb ,UtUk; gj;jphpiffSf;F mwpf;if nfhLf;fpd;wdh;
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 11 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
$l;lhz;ik
jPtputhjk; kw;Wk; td;Kiw gaq;futhjj;ij xLf;Ftjpy; xj;Jiog;gjw;fhd ,Ujug;G fl;likg;ig cUthf;Ftij ,U jiyth;fSk; tuNtw;wdh; mikj p kw ;Wk ; ghJfhg G; vhprf;jpj; jpwd; tUifapd; NghJ tpthjpf;fg;gl;l gy gu];gu eyd;fspd; gpur;ridfspy;> 'kypthd> ek;gfkhd> epiyahd kw;Wk; etPd" vhprf;jp Mjhuq;fSf;F cyfstpy; khWtJ Fwpj;J typAWj;jg;gl;lJ. ,e;jpa ngl;Nuhypa kw;Wk; ,aw;if vhpthA mikr;rfj;jpw;Fk; fdlhtpd; ,aw;if Mjhuq;fs; mikr;rfj;jpw;Fk; ,ilapyhd ,e;jpafdlh mikr;ruf vhprf;jp Ngr;Rthh;j;ijf;fhd ghpe;Jiu tpjpKiwfs;| vd;W jiyg;gplg;gl;l xU Ghpe;Jzh;T xg;ge;jj;jpYk; ifnaOj;jplg;gl;lJ.
,e;jpa juprdk; | 12 | [dthp-khh;r;
NkNy (,lkpUe;J tyk;): gpg;uthp 18 md;W gpujkh; l;&Nj mtuJ FLk;gj;Jld; Mf;uh tUfpwhh; uh\;l;ugjp gtdpy; gpujkh; l;&Njit gpujkh; Nkhb tuNtw;fpwhh; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: gpg;uthp 19 md;Wk; fdlh ehl;L gpujkUk; mtuJ FLk;gKk; mfkjhghj; tUfpd;wdh;
2018
cyf mikj p> nro pg G; kw ;Wk ; e piyj ;jd ;ikf ;F mr ;RWj ;jyhf t psq ;Fk ; gaq ;futhjk ;> j t P puthjk ; kw ;Wk ; td ;Kiwf ;F fz ;ldk ; njh pt pj ;j g pjkh ; l;&Nj mth ;fSk ; g pujkh ; NkhbAk ; ,e ;j paht pw ;Fk ; fdlht pw ;Fk ; ,ila pyhd ghJfhg G; xj ;Jiog ;ig t ph pTgLj ;j xg G; f n ; fhz ;ldh ;. Njr pa ghJfhg G; MNyhrfh ; mst pyhd Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ij kw ;Wk ; nts pAwTj ;Jiw mikr ;rh ; mst pyhd Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ijia tof ;fkhf elj ;Jtjd ; %yk ; j t P puthjk ; kw ;Wk ; td ;Kiwthjj ;ij xLf ;Ftj py ; xj ;Jiog ;gjw ;fhd ,Ujug G; fl;likg G; rhh ;e ;j xg ;ge ;jj ;ij mth ;fs ; tuNtw ;wdh ;.
,aw ;if kw ;Wk ; fyhr ;rhuk ; fhye piy khw ;w g pur ;ridiaj ; j Ph ;f ;f> ghh p] ; xg ;ge ;jj ;j pw ;fhd jq ;fs ; Mjuit ,Ujug ;g pdh ;fSk ; cWj pg ;gLj ;j pdh ; kw ;Wk ; GJg ;g pf ;fj ;jf ;f vh prf ;j pia Cf ;fg ;gLj ;Jtjw ;F xU rh ;tNjr Nrhyhh ; $l;lz pia Vw ;gLj ;Jtjd ; Kf ;f paj ;Jtj ;ij ty pAWj ;j pdh ;. Nrhyhh ; vh prf ;j p kw ;Wk ; njho py E ; l;gj ;j py ; khngUk ; <Lghl;bw ;F
,e;jpah kw;Wk; fdlh ehl;L kf;fSf;F ,ilapyhd cwTfspd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; Fwpj;Jk; gpujkh; l;&NjTk; gpujkh; NkhbAk; jPtpukhf typAWj;jpdhh;
xj ;Jiog ;gjw ;fhf ,U ehLfs pYk ; cs ;s Muha ;r ;r p e pWtdq ;fis Cf ;Ft pg ;gjw ;fhf> k pd ;rhuk ;> vh prf ;j pj ; j pwd ; kw ;Wk ; GJg ;g pf ;fj ;jf ;f vh prf ;j p Mf patw ;iw xUq ;f pizf ;Fk ; fdlh-,e ;j pa ke ;j ph p mst pyhd vh prf ;j p Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ija pd ; Nehf ;fj ;ij t ph pTgLj ;JtJ Fw pj ;Jk ; mth ;fs ; t pthj pj ;jdh ;. ,aw ;ifa py pUe ;J rKjhaj ;j pd ; gf ;fk ; j pUk ;g pa ,U ehl;L g pujkh ;fSk ; ngz ;fSf ;F mj pfhuks pg ;gJ Fw pj ;Jk ; ty pAWj ;j pdh ; kw ;Wk ; MAs ; KOtJk ; ngz ;kz pfs ; kw ;Wk ; r pWk pfSf ;fhd
ghy pay ; kw ;Wk ; tYthd MNuhf ;f pak ; kw ;Wk ; kd pj ch pikfs ; Fw pj ;j Kf ;f paj ;Jtj ;ijAk ; ty pAWj ;j pdh ;.
kf ;fs ; fhh pak ; ,e ;j pah kw ;Wk ; fdlh ehl;L kf ;fSf ;F ,ila pyhd cwTfs pd ; Kf ;f paj ;Jtk ; Fw pj ;Jk ; g pujkh ; l;&NjTk ; g pujkh ; NkhbAk ; j t P pukhf ty pAWj ;j pdhh ;. cah ;fy ;t p njhlh ;ghd Gh pe ;Jzh ;T xg ;ge ;jj ;ij GJg ;g pg ;gij tuNtw ;w mth ;fs ; fdlht py ; ,e ;j pa khzth ;fs pd ; vz ;z pf ;if mj pfh pj ;J tUtijAk ; mw pe ;Jnfhz ;ldh ; kw ;Wk ; ,U ehLfs pd ; Mjut pdhy ; elj ;jg ;gLk ; 50 Mz L ; fhy rh] ;j ph p ,e ;j pa-fdl ,d ;] ;bbA +l; MdJ fy ;t p eltbf ;iffs ; %yk ; ,U ehLfSf ;F ,ila pyhd Gh pjiy Cf ;fg ;gLj ;j p tUtijAk ; xg G; f n ; fhz ;ldh ;. fdlh ehl;L g pujkh pd ; tUifa pd ; NghJ> mth ; g pujkh ; Nkhbia fdlht pw ;F tUk ;gb miog G; t pLj ;jhh ;> mtUk ; mij Vw ;Wf n ; fhz ;lhh ;.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 13 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
$l;lhz;ik
Kd;Ndhf;fp mb
vLj;J itj;jy; 2018 gpg;uthp 15 Kjy; 17 tiu <uhd; ehl;L mjpgh; lhf;lh; `hrd; U`hdp ,e;jpahtpw;F %d;W ehs; muRKiwg; gazk; Nkw;nfhz;lJ ,U ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilapyhd ,Ujug;G xj;Jiog;Gfspy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f Kd;Ndw;wj;ij gjpT nra;Js;sJ
,e ;j pa g pujkh ; eNue ;j pu Nkhba pd ; miog ;g pd ; Ngh py ;> 2018 g pg ;uth p 15-17 tiu> <uhd ; mj pgh ; lhf ;lh ; `hrd ; U`hd p ,e ;j paht pw ;F muRKiwg ; gazk ; Nkw n ; fhz ;lhh ;. i`juhghj ;Jf ;F te ;j mth ;> mtuJ tUifa pd ; Kjy ; ehs ; ,uT GJ j py ;y pf ;F Gwg ;gl;L r ; nrd ;whh ; kw ;Wk ; kWehs ; fhiya py ; uh\ ;bugj p gtd pd ; Kd ; tshfj ;j py ; itj ;J ,e ;j pa [dhj pgj p uhk ;ehj ; Nfht pe ;j ; kw ;Wk ; g pujkh ; eNue ;j pu Nkhb ,UtuhYk ; tuNtw ;fg ;glhh ;. g pd ;dh ; ,e ;j pa nts pt ptfhuj ; Jiw ,e;jpa juprdk; | 14 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
mikr ;rh ; R\ ;kh ] ;tuh[ ; mtiu re ;j pj ;jhh ;. muRKiwg ; gazj ;j pd ; NghJ> ,U ehLfSf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; gy xg ;ge ;jq ;fs ; ifnaOj ;j plg ;gl;ld. <uhd ; mj pgh pd ; Ke ;ija tUif gj ;jhz L ; fSf ;F Kd ; ele ;jJ> ,ilg ;gl;l fhyq ;fs py ; ,U ehLfSf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; ,Ujug G; cwTfs py ; nra ;ag ;gl;l Kd N; dw ;wj ;ij kj pg ;g P L nra ;tjw ;F ,e ;j gazk ; gaDs ;sjhf ,Ue ;jJ. mj pgh ; U`hd pf ;Fk ; g pujkh ; Nkhbf ;Fk ; ,ila pyhd
,lg;GwkpUe;J tyg;Gwk;: GJ jpy;ypapd; uh[;fhj;jpy; cs;s kfhj;kh fhe;jp rkhjpapy; <uhd; mjpgh; lhf;lh; `hrd; U`hdp; uh\;bugjp gtdpy; gpujkh; eNue;jpu NkhbAld; mjpgh; U`hdp Kfg;Gg; gf;fk; (,lg;GwkpUe;J tyg;Gwk;): gpujkh; Nkhb kw;Wk; ,e;jpa FbauRj; jiyth; uhk;ehj; Nfhtpe;j; MfpNahUld; mjpgh; U`hdp; ,e;jpa ntspAwTj; Jiw mikr;rh; R\;kh ];tuh[; mth;fs; mjpgh; U`hdpia re;jpf;fpwhh;
re ;j pg ;g pd ; NghJ> njhlh G; > vh prf ;j p> th ;j ;jfk ; kw ;Wk ; Kjy PlL ; xj ;Jiog G; > kf ;fSf ;f pila pyhd ehfh pf cwTfs ; kw ;Wk ; ,e ;j paht pw ;Fk ; <uhDf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; el;G wTg ; gh pkhw ;wq ;fis Cf ;Ft pj ;jy ; Mf pait t pthj pf ;fg ;gl;l Kf ;f pakhd mk ;rq ;fshFk ;. j t P puthjk ; kw ;Wk ; g pw g puhe ;j pa kw ;Wk ; rh ;tNjr gu] ;gu eyd ;fs ; njhlh ;ghd g pur ;r pidfs ; gw ;w pAk ; t ph pthf t pthj pf ;fg ;gl;ld. Gj pa gFj pfs py ; ,Ujug G; xj ;Jiog ;ig t ph pTgLj ;Jtjw ;F ,Ujug ;g pYk ; Kaw ;r pfs ; Nkw n ; fhs ;sg ;gl;ld kw ;Wk ; t ptrhak ;> ghuk ;gh pa kUj ;Jtk ;> Rfhjhuk ; kw ;Wk ; jfty n ; jhlh G; fs ; Mf pa Jiwfs ; njhlh ;ghd gy Gh pe ;Jzh ;T xg ;ge ;jq ;fs ;
jPtputhjk; kw;Wk; gpw gpuhe;jpa kw;Wk; rh;tNjr gu];gu eyd;fs; njhlh;ghd gpur;rpidfs; gw;wpAk; tpthjpf;fg;gl;ld
ifnaOj ;j plg ;gl;ld. cah ; fy ;t p> t pQ ;Qhdk ; kw ;Wk ; njho py E ; l;gk ; Mf pa Jiwfs pYk ; ,Ujug ;g py pUe ;J xj ;Jiog G; tuNtw ;fg ;gl;lJ. ,e ;j paht pw ;Fk ; <uhDf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; el;G wTg ; gh pkhw ;wq ;fis Cf ;Ft pg ;gjw ;fhf ,e ;j pah <uhd ; g pui[fSf ;F ,-t prh trj pia toq ;f Ntz L ; nkd ;Wk ;> mNj Nghy <uhDk ; ,e ;j pa g pui[fSf ;F toq ;f Ntz L ; nkd ;Wk ; xg G; f ; nfhs ;sg ;gl;lJ vd ,U ehLfs pd ; nts pt ptfhuj ; Jiw mikr ;rfq ;fSk ; $l;L mw pf ;if nts pa pl;L s ;sd. jdJ tUifa pd ; NghJ gj ;j ph pifahsh ;fSf ;F jdJ mw pf ;ifia ms pj ;j NghJ> g pujkh ; Nkhb ,e ;j paht pw ;Fk ; <uhDf ;Fk ; ,ila pyhd ,Ujug G; cwt pd ; rhuhk ;rj ;ij ,t ;thW $w pdhh ;: 'xU mz ;il ehl;ltuhf kw ;Wk ; ez ;guhf> ,e ;j paht pw ;Fk ; <uhDf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; ,g N; ghj pUf ;f pw cwT ,d ;Dk ; E }w ;Wf ;fzf ;fhd Mz L ; fs ; njhlh ;e ;J e Pbf ;Fk ;... ,U ehLfs pYk ; nro pg ;igAk ;> ekJ g puhe ;j paq ;fs pYk ; cyf pYk ; mikj p kw ;Wk ; e piyj ;jd ;ikf ;fhd ek ;g pf ;ifiaAk ; ehq ;fs ; t pUk G; f pNwhk ;."
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 15 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
$l;lhz;ik
25 Mz;L
fhy el;GwT ,e;jpahtpw;Fk; ,];NuYf;Fk; ,ilapyhd nts;sp tpoh Mz;Lfhy murpay; cwTfis rpwg;gpf;Fk; tpjkhf> 2018 [dthp 14 Kjy;19 tiu ,];Nuypa gpujkh; ngQ;rkpd; Nej;jhd;ahF ,e;jpahtpw;F muRKiwg; gazk; Nkw;nfhz;lhh; ciu v];. ntq;fl; ehuhaz;
,e ;j pa g pujkh ; eNue ;j pu Nkhba pd ; Kjy ; muRKiwg ; gazj ;ijj ; (2017 [_iy 4-6) njhlh ;e ;J ,] N; uy pa g pujkh ; ngQ ;rk pd ; Nej ;jd ;ahFt pd ; ,e ;j pa tUifahdJ (2018 [dth p 14-19) ,U ehLfSf ;Fk ; ,ila pyhd 25 Mz L ; fhy mur pay ; cwT nfhz ;lhl;lj ;ij gj pT nra ;f pwJ. ,e ;j tUifahdJ ,e ;j pa kw ;Wk ; ,] N; uy ; muRfSf ;F ,ila pyhd cwit tYg ;gLj ;j cjt pAs ;sJ kw ;Wk ; ,U ehLfSf ;Fk ; ,ila pyhd mur pay ; $l;L wt pw ;fhd ,e;jpa juprdk; | 16 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
mbj ;jsj ;ij tYg ;gLj ;j pAs ;sJ. ,e ;j tsh ;e ;JtUk ; $l;L wTf ;fhd ,] N; uy pa jiyth pd ; e piyg ;ghl;il ,J cWj pg ;gLj ;j paJ> NkYk ; ,J mLj ;j 25 Mz L ; fs py ; xU Gj pa jue piyf ;F gy N; tW Jiwfs py ; ,e ;j paht pw ;Fk ; ,] N; uYf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; ,Ujug G; xj ;Jiog ;ig tsh ;g ;gij mth ; g pujkh ; NkhbAld ; gf ph ;e ;J nfhz ;l jh prdj ;ij Mjh pj ;jhh ;. [dth p 14 md ;W g pujkh ; Nej ;jd ;ahF GJ j py ;y p te ;j NghJ> g pujkh ; Nkhb
Nky; (,lJ kw;Wk; tyJ) kw;Wk; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: GJ jpy;ypapy; cs;s Bd; %h;jp i`/gh nkNkhhpaypy; ,];Nuypa gpujkh; jdJ kidtp rhuh Nej;jd;ahF kw;Wk; ,e;jpa gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb MfpNahUld; fhzg;gLfpwhh;
mtiu jd pg ;gl;l Kiwa py ; md G; ld ; fl;bj ; jOt p tuNtw ;whh ;. ',e ;j paht pw ;F tuNtw ;f pNwhk ;> vdJ ez ;gh ; Nej ;jd ;ahFNt! ,e ;j paht pw ;fhd cq ;fs ; tUif tuyhw ;W r pwg G; tha ;e ;jjhFk ;. ekJ ehLfSf ;F ,ilNaahd neUq ;f pa cwit ,J NkYk ; tYg ;gLj ;Jk ;>" g pujkh ; Nkhb Mq ;f pyj ;j pYk ; vg pNua nkho pa pYk ; l;t Pl; nra ;jhh ;. ,e ;j paht pw ;F t pkhdk ; VWtjw ;F Kd ;> g pujkh ; Nej ;jd ;ahF $w pdhh ;: ',e ;j tUifahdJ cyfsht pa nghUshjhuk ;> ghJfhg G; > njho py E ; l;gk ; kw ;Wk ; Rw ;Wyh rf ;j p Mf patw ;Wldhd xj ;Jiog ;ig mj pfh pg ;gjw ;fhd xU tha ;g ;ghFk ;. Nkhb mth ;fs ; ,] N; uYf ;Fk ; vdf ;Fk ; neUq ;f pa ez ;guhf ,Uf ;f pwhh ;> NkYk ; vdJ tUifa pd ; ngUk ; gFj pfs py ; vd N; dhL cld ; tUtJ Fw pj ;J ehd ; mtUf ;F ghuhl;L njh pt pf ;f pNwd ;. ,] N; uYf ;Fk ; ,e ;j Kf ;f pakhd cyf rf ;j pf ;Fk ; ,ila pyhd cwit tYg ;gLj ;JtJ ghJfhg G; > nghUshjhuk ;> tz pfk ;> Rw ;Wyh kw ;Wk ; gy mk ;rq ;fs py ; vq ;fSf ;F cjTf pwJ." t ptrhak ; kw ;Wk ; e Ph ;g ;ghrdj ; Jiwfs py ; mur pay ; xj ;Jiog G; f ;fhf Ie ;J Mz L ; $l;Lj ; j pl;lj ;j py ; ,U ehLfSk ; xd ;whf ,ize ;J
[dthp 14 md;W gpujkh; Nej;jd;ahF GJ jpy;yp te;j NghJ> gpujkh; Nkhb mtiu jdpg;gl;l Kiwapy; md;Gld; fl;bj; jOtp tuNtw;whh; nray ;gLf pd ;wd. fz L ; g pbg G; > njho py ; kw ;Wk ; th ;j ;jfk ;> t pz n ; ts p> jha ;ehL kw ;Wk ; irgh ; ghJfhg G; > cah ; fy ;t p kw ;Wk ; Muha ;r ;r p> mw pt pay ; kw ;Wk ; njho py E ; l;gk ;> Rw ;Wyh kw ;Wk ; fyhr ;rhuk ; Mf pa Jiwfs pYk ; xj ;Jiog ;ig Mog ;gLj ;j mth ;fs ; xg G; f ; nfhz L ; s ;sdh ;. ,e ;j paht pd ; gy N; tW khe pyq ;fs py ; ,Ugj ;j p vl;L vf ;]yd ;] ; ikaq ;fs ; $l;lhf cUthf ;fg ;gl;L tUf pd ;wd kw ;Wk ; fle ;j VO khjq ;fs py ; VO vf ;]yd ;] ; ikaq ;fs ; nray ;gl;Lf ;F te ;Js ;sd. g pujkh ; Nej ;jd ;ahF jdJ tUifa pd ; NghJ g pujkh ; NkhbAld ; Nrh ;e ;J F[uhj ;j pd ; tj ;uhj ;j py ; cs ;s vf ;]yd ;] ; ikaj ;ij ghh ;ita pl;lhh ; kw ;Wk ; F[uhj ;j pd ; G[ ; efh pYs ;s vf ;]yd ;] ; ikaj ;ij j pwe ;J itj ;jhh ;.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 17 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
$l;lhz;ik
fhye piy khw ;w #oy py ; e piyahd tsh ;r ;r pf ;fhf GJg ;g pf ;fj ;jf ;f vh prf ;j pia Cf ;Ft pg ;gjw ;fhf rh ;tNjr Nrhyhh ; $l;lz pia cUthf ;Ftjw ;fhd ,e ;j paht pd ; Kaw ;r pia ,] N; uy pa jiyth ; tuNtw ;whh ; kw ;Wk ; $l;L wT ehlhtjw ;fhd ,] N; uy pd ; t pUg ;gj ;ijAk ; njh pt pj ;jhh ;. Nkf ; ,d ; ,e ;j pah> ] ;lhh ;l; mg ; ,e ;j pah kw ;Wk ; b[ pl;ly ; ,e ;j pah Nghd ;w ,e ;j paht pd ; tsh ;r ;r pj ; j pl;lq ;fs ; cl;gl ,U ehLfs pYk ; cs ;s Kjy PlL ; tha ;g G; fis j t P pukhf Muha ,U g pujkh ;fSk ; jd pahh ; Jiwfis ty pAWj ;j pdh ;. Nkf ; ,d ; ,e ;j pah j pl;lj ;j pd ; f Po ; ghJfhg G; j ; Jiwa py ; ,e ;j pa e pWtdq ;fSld ; $l;L Kaw ;r pfis Nkw n ; fhs ;tjw ;fhd jq ;fs ; t pUg ;gj ;ij ,] N; uy pa e pWtdq ;fs ; njh pt pj ;jd. gaq ;futhj nray ;fis vt ;t pjj ;j pYk ; e pahag ;gLj ;j KbahJ vd ,U jiyth ;fSk ; mw pt pj ;jdh ;. ,] N; uy ;ghy] ;j d P rkhjhd nray ;ghl;ilf ; ,e;jpa juprdk; | 18 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
tyJ: ,lJ: GJ jpy;ypapy; ,e;jpa-,];Nuy; jiyik eph;thf mjpfhhpfs; fUj;juq;fpd; ,uz;lhtJ $l;lj;jpy; FO Gifg;glj;jpw;F gpujkh; Nej;jd;ahFk; gpujkh; NkhbAk; Ngh]; nfhLf;fpd;wdh;. NkNy: gpujkh; Nej;jd;ahF uh];l;ugjp gtdpy; itj;J ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;ij re;jpf;fpwhh;; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: ntsptptfhuj; Jiw mikr;rh; R\;kh ];tuh[; gpujkh; Nej;jd;ahFit re;jpf;fpwhh;
gy;NtW Jiwfspy; ,U jug;G cwTfis NkYk; Nkk;gLj;j mtuJ tUifapd; NghJ xd;gJ gu];gu Ghpe;Jzh;Tfspy; ,e;jpahTk; ,];NuYk; ifnaOj;jpl;ld Fw pj ;Jk ; mth ;fs ; t pthj pj ;jdh ; kw ;Wk ; rkhjhdg ; Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ijfs ; t piut pNy Muk ;g pg ;gjw ;F jq ;fs ; Mjuit k z P L ; k; cWj pg ;gLj ;j pdh ;. ,e ;j tUifa pd ; NghJ> irgh ; ghJfhg G; xj ;Jiog G; > vz n ; za ; kw ;Wk ; vh pthA Jiwa py ; xj ;Jiog G; > t pz n ; ts p njho py E ; l;gk ;> fly ; kw ;Wk ; t pkhd Nghf ;Ftuj ;Jj ; njhlh G; fs ; kw ;Wk ; j piug ;gl ,iz jahh pg G; Nghd ;w gy N; tW Jiwfs py ; ,Ujug G; cwTfis
NkYk ; Nkk ;gLj ;Jtjw ;fhf ,e ;j pahTk ; ,] N; uYk ; xd ;gJ gu] ;gu Gh pe ;Jzh ;Tfs py ; ifnaOj ;j pl;ldh ;. GJ j py ;y pa pd ; Bd ; %h ;j p nrsf ; MdJ ,g N; ghJ ,] N; uy pa efuk ; i`/ghitj ; ; jOt p Bd ; %h ;j p-i`/gh nrsf ; vd kWngah plg ;gl;L s ;sJ. Kjyhk ; cyfg ; Nghh pd ; NghJ i`/ghit ghJfhf ;Fk ; NghJ mj pfst pyhd ,e ;j pa t Puh ;fs ; ,we ;jdh ;. ,] N; uiy ghJfhg ;gjw ;fhf jq ;fs ; ca piu t pl;l ,e ;j pa gil t Puh ;fs pd ; fhuzkhf 'xU ed ;w p nts pg ;ghl;il" czh ;tjhf Nghh ; e pidt plj ;ij ghh ;ita pl;l g pujkh ; Nej ;jd ;ahF njh pt pj ;jhh ;. jdJ kidt p rhuh Nej ;jd ;ahFTld ; jh[ ; k`hiyg ; ghh ;g ;gjw ;fhf Mf ;uht pw ;Fr ; nrd ;whh ;> nua ;r pdh ciuahly py ; gq N; fw ;whh ;> F[uhj ;j py ; cs ;s rgh ;kj p Mr pukj ;ij ghh ;ita pl;lhh ;> Kk ;iga py ; xU th ;j ;jf fUj ;juq ;f py ; fye ;J nfhz ;lhh ;> ,] N; uy py ; ,e ;j pa j piug ;gl jahh pg ;ghsh ;fSf ;fhd th ;j ;jf tha ;g G; fis Muha j pl;lk plg ;gl;bUe ;j e pfo ;t py ; ghy pTl; g pugyq ;fis re ;j pj ;jhh ;.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 19 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
$l;lhz;ik
ekJ mz;il ehl;L cwit
tphpTgLj;Jjy; ,e;jpah jdJ fly; rhh;e;j mz;il ehLfSldhd jdJ cwTfis tYg;gLj;Jk; Nehf;fpy;> 2018 gpg;uthp 9 Kjy; 12 tiu gpujkh; Nkhb mth;fs; N[hh;lhd;> ghy];jPdk;> If;fpa muG ehLfs; kw;Wk; Xkd; Mfpa ehLfSf;F Rw;Wg; gazk; Nkw;nfhz;lhh;
,e;jpa juprdk; | 20 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
GJ j py ;y pa py ; 69 tJ FbauR j pd nfhz ;lhl;lq ;fs py ;> 10 Mr pahd ; ehLfs pd ; jiyth ;fisAk ; r pwg G; t pUe ;j pduhf tuNtw ;wJ 2018 Mk ; Mz ;by ; ,e ;j paht pd ; gugug ;ghd mur pay ; fhyz ;lh py ; xU iky ;fiy cUthf ;f paJ. e pyg ; gug ;g pd ; fz N; zhl;lj ;j py ; r pe ;j pg ;gJ kl;L k pd ;w p> fly ; vy ;iyfisAk ; kdj py ; itj ;J mz ;il ehl;L ldhd cwit tYg ;gLj ;jTk ; GJg ;g pf ;fTk ; ,e ;j pa mur pd ; xU gFj pahf xU ngh pa ,af ;fj ;j pd ; milahskhf gy to pfs py ; nray ;gLf pwJ. ,jd ; t ph pthf ;fkhf kw ;Wk ; ,e ;j paht pd ; ngh pa mur pay ; e pfo ;r ;r pe puy pd ; xU gFj pahf> g pujkh ; eNue ;j pu Nkhb mth ;fs ; kj ;j pa f pof ;F ehLfSf ;F muRKiwg ; gazk ; Nkw n ; fhz ;lhh ;. 2018 g pg ;uth p 9 Kjy ; 12 tiu> mth ; N[hh ;lhd py ; Jtq ;f p> ghy] ;j d P k ;>
If ;f pa muG ehLfs ; kw ;Wk ; Xkd ; Mf pa ehLfs ; tiu Rw ;Wg ; gazk ; Nkw n ; fhz ;lhh ;.
N[hh ;lhd ; N[hh ;lhd pw ;F te ;j g pwF> g pujkh ; Nkhb mth ;fs ; N[hh ;lhd ; kd ;dh ; ,uz ;lhk ; mg ;Jy ;yh g pd ; my ; {`ird ; mth ;fshy ; mtUila t Pl;by ; itj ;J tuNtw ;fg ;gl;lhh ;. g pujkh ; Nkhb mth ;fs ;jhd ; N[hh ;lhd ; ehl;bw ;F muRKiwg ; gazk ; Nkw n ; fhz ;l
gpujkh; Nkhb mth;fs;jhd; N[hh;lhd; ehl;bw;F muRKiwg; gazk; Nkw;nfhz;l Kjy; ,e;jpa gpujkh; Mthh;
NkNy: gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb mth;fs; mk;khdpy; itj;J N[hh;lhd; kd;dh; mg;Jy;yh ,uz;lhk; my; `_ird; mth;fis re;jpf;fpwhh;
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 21 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
$l;lhz;ik
Kjy ; ,e ;j pa g pujkh ; Mthh ;. g pujkh pd ; tUifia ,e ;j paht pw ;Fk ; N[hh ;lhDf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; 'Gj pa mj ;j pahak ; Muk ;gk "; vd ;W kd ;dh ; mg ;Jy ;yh t pth pj ;jjhf ,e ;j pa mur pd ; nts pt ptfhuj ; Jiw mikr ;rfk ; mw pf ;if nts pa pl;L s ;sJ.
ghy] ;j d P k; ghy] ;j d P j ;j pw ;F muRKiwg ; gazk ; Nkw n ; fhz ;l Kjy ; ,e ;j pa g pujkh ;
Mdjd ; %yk ; g pujkh ; Nkhb xU tuyhw ;W r pwg G; k pf ;f iky ;fy ;iy cUthf ;f pAs ;shh ;. 2017 Mk ; Mz L ; Nk khjj ;j py ; ,e ;j paht pw ;F muRKiwg ; gazk ; Nkw n ; fhz ;l ghy] ;j d P mj pgh ; k` ;%j ; mg ;gh] ; mth ;fshy ; tuNtw ;fg ;gl;l g pujkh ; Nkhb mth ;fs ; kiwe ;j ghy] ;j d P mj pgh ; ahrh ; muhgj ;j pd ; rkhj pa py ; mtUf ;F kh pahij nrYj ;Jtjw ;fhfr ; nrd ;whh ;. ,jidj ; njhlh ;e ;J> ,U jiyth ;fSf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; gaDs ;s t pthjq ;fs ; eilngw ;wd kw ;Wk ; MW Kf ;f pakhd Gh pe ;Jzh ;T xg ;ge ;jq ;fs py ; ifnaOj ;j plg ;gl;ld. ghy] ;j d P j ;j pd ; k pfTk ; cah pa Fbkfd ; t pUjhd ghy] ;j d P pa mur pd ; f puhz ;l; fhyh ; t pUJ g pujkh ; Nkhbf ;F toq ;fg ;gl;lJ. mj pgh ; mg ;gh] ; cldhd mtuJ t pthjj ;j pd ; NghJ> mikj p eltbf ;iff ;fhd ,e ;j paht pd ; Mjuit mth ; k z P L ; k ; cWj pg ;gLj ;j pdhh ; kw ;Wk ; ghy] ;j d P j ;j pd ; tsh ;r ;r pa py ; rhj ;j pakhd midj ;Jt pjkhd cjt pfisAk ; ,e ;j pah toq ;Fk ; vd ;gijAk ; mth ; kz P L ; k ; cWj pg ;gLj ;j pdhh ;. ,e ;j paht py ; jw N; ghJ fl;lg ;gl;L f ; nfhz ;bUf ;Fk ; njho py E ; l;g G +q ;fh Nghd ;w eilngw ;Wf ; nfhz ;bUf ;Fk ; $l;Lj ; j pl;lq ;fs ;
,lJ (NkypUe;J fPo;): uhky;yhtpy; ghy];jPd mjpgh; k`;%j; mg;gh]; mth;fSld; gpujkh; Nkhb; If;fpa muG ehLfspy;> mGjhgp ,sturh; N\f; KfkJ gpd; iraj; my; e`;ahd; mth;fis gpujkh; Nkhb re;jpf;fpwhh; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: gpujkh; Nkhb k];fl; te;jJk; Xkd; Jiz gpujkh; /ghj; gpd; k`;%j; my; iraj; mth;fshy; tuNtw;fg;gLfpwhh;
,e;jpa juprdk; | 22 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
ghy];jPdj;jpw;F muRKiwg; gazk; Nkw;nfhz;l Kjy; ,e;jpa gpujkh; Mdjd; %yk; gpujkh; Nkhb xU tuyhw;W rpwg;Gkpf;f iky;fy;iy cUthf;fpAs;shh; kw ;Wk ; mur pay ; mfhlk pia fl;L tj py ; ,e ;j pah ms pj ;j MjuT Mf patw ;Wf ;fhf ghy] ;j d P muR ,e ;j pahTf ;F ed ;w p njh pt pj ;jJ.
If ;f pa muG ehLfs ; If ;f pa muG ehLfs pd ; jiyttUk ; mG jhg pa pd ; ,sturUkhd N\f ; fy / P gh g pd ; iraj ; my ; e` ;ahd ; mth ;fs ; mur FLk ;g cWg ;g pdh ;fSld ; Nrh ;e ;J g pujkh ; Nkhb mth ;fis mGjhg p t pkhd e piyaj ;j py ; tuNtw ;whh ;. ,e ;j pa g pujkh ; jhd ; Gj pa mj pgh ; khs pifa py ; tuNtw ;fg ;gl;l Kjy ; mur pay ; jiyth ; Mthh ;. ,U jiyth ;fSf ;Fk ; ,ila py ; gaDs ;s t pthjq ;fs ; eilngw ;wijj ; njhlh ;e ;J gy Gh pe ;Jzh ;T xg ;ge ;jq ;fs py ;
ifnaOj ;j plg ;gl;lJ. I.X.r p kw ;Wk ; g p.g p.Mh ;.vy ; kw ;Wk ; mGjhg p Ne\dy ; Ma py ; fk n ; gd p cl;gl X.vd ;.[ p.r p t pNj\ ; y pk pnll; elj ;j pa ,e ;j pa e pWtdq ;fs pd ; $l;likg G; f ;F ,ila py ; ifnaOj ;jhdJ ,tw ;w py ; k pfTk ; Kf ;f paj ;Jtk ;tha ;e ;jjhFk ;.
Xkd ;; g pg ;uth p 11 md ;W g pujkh ; Nkhb Xkd ; te ;j g pwF> mtUf ;Fk ; mtUld ; te ;j pUe ;j g puj pe pj pfSf ;Fk ; Xkd ; kd ;dh ; Ry ;jhd ; fG +] ; g pd ; iraj ; mth ;fs ; r pwg G; t pUe ;ij toq ;f p cgrh pj ;jhh ;. mth ;fSila t pthjq ;fs py ;> ,U jiyth ;fSk ; gy Kf ;f pakhd g puhe ;j pa> cyfsht pa kw ;Wk ; ,Ujug G; gu] ;gu eyd ;fs pd ; g pur ;r pidfs ; Fw pj ;j fUj ;Jf ;fis gh pkhw pf ; nfhz ;ldh ;. 'cah ;kl;l mj pfhh pfs pd ; tUiffis gh pkhw pf n ; fhs ;tjd ; %yk ; tof ;fkhd ,Ujug G; Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ij" elj ;Jtjd ; Kf ;f paj ;Jtj ;ij ,Ujug ;g pdh ;fSk ; kz P L ; k ; cWj p nra ;Js ;sdh ; vd ;W ,e ;j pa mur pd ; vk ;.,.V nts pa plg ;gl;l $l;L mw pf ;if njh pt pf ;f pwJ.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 23 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
$l;lhz;ik
,izg;ig
cUthf;Fjy; Mrpahd; ,e;jpa gputhrp ghujPa jpth]; 2018 MdJ Mrpahd; ehLfSldhd ,e;jpahtpd; cwTfis tYg;gLj;Jk; Nehf;Fld; Kf;fpa mbia vLj;J itj;jJ kw;Wk; Ke;ija Mf;l; <];l; nfhs;ifia Mjhpj;jJ
Mrpahd; ,e;jpa gputhrp ghujPa jpth]; 2018 MdJ ,e;j Mz;L [dthp 6 kw;Wk; 7 Mfpa Njjpfspy; rpq;fg;G+hpy; eilngw;wJ> ,J Kjy; Kiwahf ,e;jpahtpw;F ntspNa ele;j tUlhe;ju epfo;r;rpahf gjpT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e;j Mz;L gjpg;gpd; fUg;nghUs; 'gz;ila topj;jlk;> Gjpa gpuahzk;: rf;jptha;e;j Mrpahd;-,e;jpah $l;Lwtpy; Gyk;ngah;e;Njhh;˜ vd;gjhFk; fhyh bd;dhpy; Ngrpa ,e;jpa ntsp tptfhuj;Jiw mikr;rh; R\;kh ];tuh[; mth;fs; ,e;jpah kw;Wk; Mrpahd; ehLfSf;F ,ilapy; tsh;e;J tUk; cwTfs; kPJ ftdk; nrYj;jp Ngrpdhh;. Mrpahd; ehLfspd; tYthd ,e;jpa Gyk;ngah;e;Njhh; ,Ug;gJ mth;fSld; ,e;jpa cwTfis tYg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd xU rpwe;j jsj;ijf; nfhLj;Js;sJ vd;gij mth; cWjpg;gLj;jpdhh;. 'vq;fs; epiyg;ghl;il kPz;Lk; cWjpg;gLj;jTk;> cyfpy; ,e;jpah kw;Wk; Mrpahd; ehLfspd; vjph;fhyj;ij Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;Yk; ekJ gazg; ghijia gfph;e;J nfhs;sTk; ehk; ,q;Nf ,Uf;fpNwhk;>˜ vd;W Rkhh; 3>000 gpujpepjpfSf;F kj;jpapy; mth; ciuahw;wpdhh;. ,e;jpahtpd; gLNtfkhd nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp %yk;> Mrpahd; ,e;jpa juprdk; | 24 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
ehLfSld; ekJ ehl;bd; th;j;jf kw;Wk; KjyPl;L cwTfs; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f msT tphptila tha;g;Gs;sJ vd;gijAk; mth; Fwpg;gpl;lhh;. ,e;jpahtpd; Mf;l; <];l; ghyprpAk; $l gpuhe;jpaq;fspd; kPJ ftdk; nrYj;jpaJ kw;Wk; ehl;bd; murpay; epfo;tpy; xU Kf;fpakhd mq;fkhf ,Uf;fpwJ. 'Mrpahd; gFjpfSldhd ,e;jpahtpd; <LghlhdJ ehk; gfph;e;Jnfhs;Sk; nfhs;iffspd; njsptpy; ,Uf;fpwJ. midj;J ehLfSk; rh;tNjr tpjpfs; kw;Wk; tpjpKiwfis filgpbf;Fk; NghJ kw;Wk; G+uz rkj;Jtk; kw;Wk; gu];gu khpahijapd; mbg;gilapy; ehk; elj;jg;gLk; NghJ> ekJ ehLfs; ghJfhg;ghf czh;tjhfTk; ekJ nghUshjhuk; nropg;giltjhfTk; ehk; ek;GfpNwhk;>˜ vd;W mth; cWjpgl njhptpj;jhh;. tlfpof;F khepyq;fSf;Fk; njd;fpof;F Mrpahtpw;Fk; ,ilapy; ,izg;Gfis cUthf;Fk; ,e;jpahtpd; jpl;lq;fis mth; Fwpg;gpl;lhh;. ,e;j khepyq;fs; ,e;j gpuhe;jpaj;jpw;F ,e;jpahtpd; ghykhfyhk; kw;Wk; ,e;j nray;ghl;by; jq;fSf;Fs;shf khngUk; nropg;ig cUthf;fyhk; vd;gijAk; mth; Fwpg;gpl;L Ngrpdhh;. b[pl;ly; Afj;jpw;fhf jpwikahd
NkNy (,lkpUe;J tyk;): Mrpahd;-,e;jpa gputhrp ghujPa jpth]; 2018 ,y; ,e;jpa ntsptptfhuj; Jiw mikr;rh; R\;kh ];tuh[;; rpq;fg;G+hpy; ele;j epfo;r;rpapy; ,e;jpa Gyk;ngah;e;Njhh; cWg;gpdh;fSld; ntsptptfhuj; Jiw mikr;rh; ];tuh[;
Mrpahd; ,e;jpa gpuhtrp ghujPa jpth]; Kjy; Kiwahf ,e;jpahTf;F ntspNa eilngw;w tUlhe;ju epfo;r;rpahf gjpT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ kdpjtsj;ij cUthf;Fjy;> Ntiytha;g;Gfis cUthf;Fjy;> gy;Yaphpaiyg; ghJfhj;jy; kw;Wk; vhprf;jp Mjhuq;fs; Rj;jpfhpg;ig cUthf;Fjy; cl;gl ,g;gpuhe;jpak; vjph;nfhs;Sk; rthy;fis Fwpg;gpl;L Ngrpa mth; cyfk; ,g;NghJ njhopy; Afj;jpy; ,Ue;J jfty; Afj;jpw;F khwp tUfpwJ vd;W mth; cWjpgl njhptpj;jhh;. ,e;jpahtpypUe;J jha;yhe;jpw;F nry;Yk; Kj;jug;G neLQ;rhiyj; jpl;lj;ij Fwpg;gpl;l ntsptptfhuj; Jiw mikr;rh; ,J gpw Mrpahd; ehLfis ,izg;gjw;F cjTk; vd $l;lj;jpdhplk; njhptpj;jhh;. ',d;W> 16 ,e;jpa efuq;fs; rpq;fg;G+Uld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd> ,e;jpahtpypUe;J jha;yhe;jpw;Fr; nry;Yk; Kj;jug;G neLQ;rhiyj; jpl;lkhdJ Ntfkhf Kd;Ndwpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ kw;Wk; gpw Mrpahd; ehLfSld; ,e;jpahit ,izf;f ,ij NkYk; tphpTgLj;j ehq;fs;
jpl;lkpLfpNwhk;>˜ vd;W mth; njhptpj;jhh;. Mrpahd; ehLfSldhd cwit Mog;gLj;Jk; ,e;jpahtpd; efh;tpd; xU mq;fkhf> jha;yhe;J> ,e;NjhNdrpah kw;Wk; rpq;fg;G+h; Mfpa ehLfSf;F Ie;J ehs; Rw;Wg;gazk; Nkw;nfhz;ljd; ,Wjpf; fl;lj;jpy; mikr;rh; rpq;fg;G+hpy; ,Ue;jhh;. rpq;fg;G+hpd; Jiz gpujkh; bNah Nr `Pd; mth;fs; ,uz;L ehs; ntspehl;L tho; ,e;jpah;fs; epfo;r;rpapd; epiwT tpohtpy; rpq;fg;G+hpy; cs;s Vuhskhd tha;g;Gfs;> Fwpg;ghf cs;ehl;L tpkhd Nghf;Ftuj;J> th;j;jfk; kw;Wk; epjp Nghd;w Jiwfspy; cs;s tha;g;Gfis ikag;gLj;jp ,e;jpa th;j;jfq;fs; Fwpj;j tYthd gjpit Kd; itj;J Ngrpdhh;. 'xU cs;ehl;L tpkhd Nghf;Ftuj;J> th;j;jf kw;Wk; epjp ikakhf> njd;fpof;F Mrpahtpw;Fk; mjw;F mg;ghYk; tphpTgLj;Jtjw;fhf Ntiy nra;a ,e;jpa epWtdq;fSf;fhd xU ey;y jskhf ehq;fs; ,Uf;fpNwhk;>˜ vd;W mth; $wpdhh;. rpq;fg;G+hpy; cs;s ntspehl;L tho; ,e;jpah;fs; KjyPL> nghUshjhuk;> Rw;Wyh> fyhr;rhuk;> ,izg;G kw;Wk; Jtf;f epWtdq;fs; cl;gl gue;j mstpyhd tsh;r;rpa vl;bAs;sdh; kw;Wk; Kf;fpa ntspehl;L ,e;jpah;fs; kw;Wk; Mrpahd; ehLfspd; gp.I.X gpujpepjpfs;> khz;GkpF ke;jphpfs; kw;Wk; Kf;fpakhd njhopyjpgh;fs; kw;Wk; murpay; jiyth;fis <h;j;Js;sdh;.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 25 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
$l;lhz;ik
xj;Jiog;G
nghUshjhuk; cyf nghUshjhu fUj;juq;fpd; (2018 [dthp 22-23) KOikahd mkh;tpy; NgRtjw;fhf Rtpl;rh;yhe;jpd; lhNth];-FNsh];lh;]; efUf;F gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb mth;fs; tp[ak; nra;jJ cyf muq;fpy; ,e;jpahtpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;jpw;fhd mq;fPfhuj;ij gjpT nra;Js;sJ
g pujkh ; eNue ;j pu Nkhb mth ;fs ; [dth p 22 kw ;Wk ; 23 Mf pa j pfj pfs py ; Rt pl;rh ;yhe ;j pd ; lhNth] ; FNsh] ;lh ;] ; efh py ; eilngw ;w cyf nghUshjhu fUj ;juq ;f pd ; KO mkh ;t py ; Kf ;f pa ciuahw ;Wtjw ;fhf mq ;F nrd ;w pUe ;jhh ;. mtuJ ciuiaj ; njhlh ;e ;J> 2018 [dth p 22 md ;W Rt p] ; $l;likg ;g pd ; jiyth ; ,e;jpa juprdk; | 26 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
myd ; ngh n ; rl; mth ;fSld ; ,Ujug G; Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ijia elhj ;j pdhh ;. Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ija pd ; NghJ> th ;j ;jfk ; kw ;Wk ; nghUshjhu xj ;Jiog ;ig vt ;thW t ph pTgLj ;JtJ Fw pj ;J ,U jiyth ;fSk ; jq ;fs ; fUj ;Jf ;fis gh pkhw pf ; nfhz ;ldh ;> NkYk ; th ;j ;jf kw ;Wk ; nghUshjhu $l;lhz ;ik xg ;ge ;jk ;
,lJ: 2018 [dthp 23 ,y; lhNth]py; eilngw;w rh;tNjr th;j;jf fTd;rpypy; cyfpd; Kd;ddp jiyikr; nrayjpfhhpfSld; gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb NgRfpwhh;;@ NkNy: cyf nghUshjhu fUj;juq;fpd; KOikahd mkh;tpy; Rtp]; $l;likg;Gj; jiyth; myd; ngh;nrl; kw;Wk; cyf nghUshjhu fUj;juq;fpd; jiyth; Nguhrphpah; fpsh]; ];thg; MfpNahUld; gpujkh; Nkhb
Fw pj ;j Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ija pd ; Kd N; dw ;wk ; Fw pj ;Jk ; t pthj pj ;jdh ;. ghh p] ; fhye piy khw ;w xg ;ge ;jk ; Fw pj ;Jk ; t pthj pf ;fg ;gl;lJ> NkYk ; ,e ;j pa g pujkh ; jdJ GJg ;g pf ;fj ;jf ;f vh prf ;j p j pl;lq ;fisAk ; Fw pg ;g pl;lhh ;. g pujkh ; Nkhb mth ;fs ; jdJ tUifa pd ; NghJ ,uT czT Ntisa py ; cyfk ; KOtj pYk ; ,Ue ;J te ;j pUe ;j 64 jiyikr ; nray ; mj pfh pfs plk ; ciuahbdhh ;> ,th ;fs py ; 24 Ngh ; ,e ;j pahitr ; Nrh ;e ;jth ;fshfTk ; kw ;Wk ; 40 Ngh ; g pw ehl;ilr ; Nrh ;e ;jth ;fshfTk ; ,Ue ;jdh ;. ,e ;j e pWtdq ;fs pd ; nkhj ;j re ;ij %yjdk ; 3.6 bh py ;y pad ; lhyh ; MFk ;.
cyf nghUshjhu fUj ;juq ;F 'cUf ;Fiye ;j cyf py ; gf pug ;gl;l vj ph ;fhyj ;ij cUthf ;Fjy "; vd ;gNj ,e ;j tUl cyf nghUshjhu fUj ;juq ;f pd ; jiyg ;ghf ,Ue ;jJ. ,e ;j mkh ;thdJ cyf nghUshjhu fUj ;juq ;f pd ; e pWtdUk ; e ph ;thfj ; jiytUkhd Nguhr ph pah ; f psh] ; ] ;thg ;
mth ;fshy ; elhj ;jg ;gl;lJ. e pfo ;r ;r pa py ; Kf ;f pa ciuahw ;w pa g pujkh ; Nkhb mth ;fs ; mikj p> ghJfhg G; > Rw ;Wr ;#oy ; ghJfhg G; > e piyahd tsh ;r ;r p kw ;Wk ; Ngr ;Rthh ;j ;ij %yk ; Kuz ;ghl;L f ;F j Ph ;T fhZjy ; Mf patw ;iw Cf ;fg ;gLj ;Jtj py ; ,e ;j pah vg n ; ghOJNk xU Neh ;ikahd gq ;F tf pf ;f pwJ vd ;w cz ;ikia ty pAWj ;j pg ; Ngr pdhh ;. ,e ;j paht py ; ,g N; ghJ xU j pwe ;j nghUshjhuk ; cUthf ;fg ;gl;L s ;sJ> Kjy Pl;bw ;fhd ey ;y tha ;g G; fs ; ,Uf ;f pd ;wd> vs pjhf th ;j ;jfk ; nra ;tjw ;F cjtg ;gLf pwJ kw ;Wk ; mjd ; tsh ;r ;r p %yk ; rh ;tNjr th ;j ;jfk ; nra ;a gy Gj pa tha ;g G; fis toq ;fg ;gLf pwJ vd ;gijAk ; mth ; Rl;bf ;fhl;bdhh ;. ,e ;j paht pw ;F te ;J njho py ; nra ;J Rfhjhuk ;> eyd ; kw ;Wk ; nry ;tj ;ij rk ;ghj pj ;jy ; Nghd ;w ,e ;j pah ms pf ;Fk ; gyd ;fisg ; ngw ;Wf ; nfhs ;tjw ;F mth ; midtUf ;Fk ; miog G; t pLj ;jhh ;. cyf nghUshjhu fUj ;juq ;f pd ; KOikahd g ph pt py ; ,e ;j p g pujkh ; ciuahw ;w paJ ,JNt Kjy ; KiwahFk ;.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 27 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
$l;lhz;ik
$l;LwT
vd;Dk; fiy ehl;bd; fyhr;rhu gd;Kfj;jd;ik kw;Wk; ,uhZt typik jtpu> rpwg;G tpUe;jpdh;fshf 10 Mrpahd; ehl;Lj; jiyth;fSk; fye;J nfhz;lNj ,e;jpahtpd; 69 tJ FbauR jpd nfhz;lhl;lq;fis rpwg;gpj;jJ
60 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;G> ,e;jpahtpd; Ml;rpKiw Mtzkhf ,Ue;j ,e;jpa murpd; rl;lj;ij (1935) khw;wpAk;> xU Rje;jpukhd [dehafkhf khWk; ,e;jpahtpd; tpUg;gj;ij epiwNtw;wpAk; ,e;jpahtpd; murpayikg;Gr; rl;lk; eilKiwf;F te;jJ. ,e;j tUlq;fs; Ntfkhf fle;JNghf> ,e;jpah jdJ 69 tJ FbauR jpdj;ij GJ jpy;ypapYs;s uh[;gj;jpy; nfhz;lhbaJ. njd;fpof;F Mrpa ehLfs; $l;likg;gpd; ,e;jpa juprdk; | 28 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
(Mrpahd;) jiyth;fs; 10 NgUk; rpwg;G tpUe;jpdh;fshf fye;J nfhz;lJ Kf;fpaj;Jtk;tha;e;j rpwg;gk;rkhf ,Ue;jJ.
Kjy; ehs; ghJfhg;G mikr;rh; eph;kyh rPjhuhkd; kw;Wk; Kg;gilfspd; jsgjpfs; MfpNahhpd; Kd;dpiyapy; mkh; [thd; N[hjpapy; gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb mth;fs; kyh; tisak; itj;jjpy; ,Ue;J
NkNy (,lkpUe;J tyk;): gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb mth;fs; FbauRj; jiyth; uhk; ehj; Nfhtpe;j; mth;fSf;F tho;j;J njhptpf;fpwhh;; gpujkh; Nkhb mth;fs; mkh; [thd; N[hjpapy; jdJ khpahijia nrYj;Jfpwhh;; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: GJ jpy;ypapy;> 69 MtJ FbauR jpd tpohtpy;> Mrpahd; ehl;Lj; jiyth;fSld; gpujkh; Nkhb kw;Wk; [dhjpgjp Nfhtpe;j;
nfhz;lhl;lk; Jtq;fpaJ. mjd;gpd;> gpujkh; mth;fs; uh[;ghj;jpw;F te;J FbauRj; jiyth; uhk;ehj; Nfhtpe;j; mth;fisAk; Mrpahd; ehl;Lj; jiyth;fisAk; tuNtw;whh;. GUid> fk;Nghbah> ,e;NjhNdrpah> yNth gpbMh;> kNyrpah> kpahd;kh;> gpypg;igd;];> rpq;fg;G+h;> jha;yhe;J kw;Wk; tpal;ehk; Mfpa 10 Mrpahd; ehl;Lj; jiyth;fSk; rpwg;G tpUe;dh;fshf gq;Nfw;wdh;. GUid Ry;jhd; `h[p `]hdy; Nghy;fpah> fk;Nghbahtpd; gpujkh; `d; nrd;> ,e;NjhNdrpa mjpgh; N[hNfh tpLNlh> yNth gpbMh; ,d; gpujkh; jhq;FNyhd; rpNrhypj;> kNyrpa gpujkh; e[pg; urhf;> kpahd;kh; muR MNyhrfh; Mq; rhd; # fpap> gpypg;igd;]; mjpgh; Nuhl;hpNfh Nuh ll;ul;Nl> rpq;fg;G+h; gpujkh; yP `rpd; Y}q;> jha;yhe;J gpujkh; n[duy; gpiuAl; rhd;X-rh kw;Wk; tpal;ehkpd; gpujkh; epFahd; Rthd; Gf; MfpNahh; ,lk; ngw;wpUe;jdh; ,e;jpa-Mrpahd; $l;likg;gpd; 25 Mz;L fhy cwit Fwpg;gpLk; tpjkhf eilngw;w ,e;jpah Mrpahd; epidT tpoh cr;rp khehl;by; fye;J nfhs;tjw;fhfTk; ,th;fs; ,e;jpahtpw;F te;jpUe;jdh;. ,e;j tUlk;> Mrpahd; cWg;G ehLfSldhd ,e;jpahtpd; tuyhw;W> fy;tp> rka kw;Wk; fyhr;rhu cwTfis rpj;jhpf;Fk; ,uz;L tiuglq;fs;
,e;jpa murpd; ntspAwTj; Jiw mikr;rfj;jpdhy; cUthf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. xU tiuglj;jpy; ehye;jh gy;fiyf;fofk; ,lk;ngw;wpUe;jJ> kw;nwhd;W ,e;jpahtpw;Fk; Mrpahd; ehLfSf;Fk; ,ilapyhs rka cwTfisf; fhz;gpj;jJ. ,e;jpahtpd; ghJfhg;Gg; gilapd; gyk; nghpa mstpy; fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gl;bUe;jJ. flw;gilahdJ 2020 ,y; Vtg;glTs;s cs;ehl;L tpkhdk; (I.V.rp) tpf;uhe;ijf; fhl;rpg;gLj;jpaJ; ghJfhg;G Muha;r;rp kw;Wk; Nkk;ghl;L mikg;ghdJ (b.Mh;.b.X) ~eph;gha;| VTfiz kw;Wk; m];tpdp Nulhh; rp];lj;ijf; fhl;rpg;gLj;jpaJ. ,e;j epfo;r;rpapd; xU gFjpahf> [k;K fh\;kPhpy; ,uz;L jPtputhjpfs; kPJ Jg;ghf;fpr; #L elj;Jk; NghJ ehl;Lf;fhf caph;tpl;l ,e;jpa tpkhdg;gil jsgjp N[hjp gpufh\; epuhyh (,we;j gpwF) mth;fSf;F ,e;jpahtpd; kpf cahpa Nghh; tPuDf;Fhpa tpUjhd mNrhf rf;fuh tpUJ toq;fg;gl;lJ. ~rPkh gthdp| vdg;gLk; Gjpa gp.v];.vg; Jzpfukhd ngz;kzp tpUjhdJ Kjy; Kiwahf toq;fg;gl;l kw;nwhU tpUjhFk;. 27 Ngh; nfhz;l FO jq;fs; Nkhl;lhh; irf;fps;fspy; rhfrq;fs; nra;J jq;fSila mrhj;jpa jpwikfs; %yk; ghh;itahsh;fis nka;rpyph;f;f itj;jdh;.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 29 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
tpisahl;L
tpisahl;bd; Gjpa
ghpkhzk; gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb mth;fshy; Jtq;fg;gl;l NfNyh ,e;jpah ];$y; Nfk;]; vd;w xU tUl tpisahl;Lj; jpl;lkhdJ ,e;jpahtpy; tpisahl;Lj; jpwikAs;sth;fis tsh;f;fTk; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;il epiyapy; ,Uf;Fk; tpisahl;il kPl;nlLg;gjw;fhfTk; Kidg;Gld; nray;gLfpwJ ciu vd; gp uht;
,e;jpa juprdk; | 30 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
tpisahl;L kw;Wk; ,isQh; tptfhuj; Jiw mikr;rh; fh;dy; uh[;ath;jd; rpq; uj;Njhh; mth;fs; NfNyh ,e;jpah ];$y; Nfk;]; jpl;lj;jpd; Jtf;f tpohtpy; gq;Nfw;Fk; tpisahl;L tPuh;fSld; Ngh]; nfhLf;fpwhh;
2018 [dth p 31 md ;W g pujkh ; eNue ;j pu Nkhb mth ;fshy ; Jtq ;fg ;gl;l NfNyh ,e ;j pah ] ;$y ; Nfk ;] ; vd ;w nray ;j pl;lj ;j py ; e pfo ;j ;jg ;gl;l Fw pg ;g plj ;jf ;f e pfo ;Tfisf ; fz L ; Kd ;dhs ; t pisahl;L t Puhq ;fiz m] ;t pd p ehr ;rg ;gh t pag ;gile ;jJs ;shh ;. 'ekJ ehl;by ; fhzg ;gLk ; j pwikfs pd ; nrq ;Fj ;J caukhdJ Mok ; fhz Kbahjjhf ,Uf ;f pwJ> vdNt t pisahl;L g ; Gul;r pf ;fhd xU ngh pa ek ;g pf ;if Mjhuk ; ,Uf ;f pwJ>" vd ;W mth ; xU gj ;j ph pifa py ; vOj pdhh ;. t pisahl;bd ; tsh ;r ;r pf ;fhf r Puikf ;fg ;gl;l Njr pa j pl;lj ;j pd ; xU gFj pahf> t pisahl;by ; r pwe ;J t psq ;Fk ; kw ;Wk ; j pushf gq n ; fLj ;jy ; vd ;w ,uz L ; Fw pf N; fhs ;fisAk ; Cf ;fg ;gLj ;Jtjd ; %yk ; ehl;bd ; t pisahl;L r ; #oiy tYg ;gLj ;Jtjw ;F NfNyh ,e ;j pah ] ;$y ; Nfk ;] ; j pl;lk ; ,yf ;f pl;L s ;sJ. GJ j py ;y pa py ; eilngw ;w ,jd ; Jtf ;f t poh 100 k py ;y pad ; njhiyf ;fhl;r p ghh ;itahsh ;fis <h ;j ;jJ. NfNyh ,e ;j pah ] ;$y ; Nfk ;] ; vd ;gJ ,e ;j pa gs ;s p t pisahl;L $l;likg G; (SGFI) kw ;Wk ; Njr pa t pisahl;L $l;likg G; (NSF)
Mf patw ;Wld ; ,ize ;J elhj ;jg ;gLk ; xU tUlhe ;ju t pisahl;L g ; Nghl;bfshFk ;. ,e ;j ,uz L ; mikg G; fSk ; NfNyh ,e ;j pah ] ;$y ; Nfk ;] ; j pl;lj ;j py ; f Po ; e piy Kjy ; rh ;tNjr mst pyhd Nghl;bfSf ;fhd xU tUlhe ;ju fhyz ;liu cUthf ;f p Nghl;bfis elhj ;Jk ;. ,e ;j puh fhe ;j p ,d N; lhh ; ikjhdj ;j py ; ,j ;j pl;lj ;ij Jtf ;f p itj ;j g pwF> g pujkh ; Nkhb mth ;fs ; ,isQh ;fs ; jq ;fSila g p] pahd gz pfSf ;F kj ;j pa pYk ; t pisahl;L fSf ;F Neuj ;ij xJf ;Fk ;gb mth ;fs plk ; ty pAWj ;j pdhh ; kw ;Wk ; ,e ;j pah t pisahl;Lj ; j pwika py ; ngUk ; tsh ;r ;r pailAk ; vd cWj pas pj ;jhh ;. 'ekJ ehL xU ,sikahd ehL> t pisahl;by ; ehk ;
NfNyh ,e;jpah ];$y; Nfk;]; MdJ ,e;jpa gs;sp tpisahl;L $l;likg;G (SGFI) kw;Wk; Njrpa tpisahl;L $l;likg;G (NSFs) Mfpatw;Wld; ,ize;J elhj;jg;gLk;
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 31 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
tpisahl;L
,d ;Dk ; r pwg ;ghf nray ;ghlyhk ;>" vd ;W mth ; $w pdhh ;> NkYk ;> 'gz Kbg G; fSf ;fhf my ;y> Fw pf N; fhSld ; t pisahl;il Ner pf ;f Ntz L ; k ;. xU ,e ;j pa t pisahl;L t Puh ; ntw ;w p ngWk ; NghJk ; mtd ; my ;yJ mts ; %th ;zf ; nfhbiag ; cah ;j ;j pg ; g pbf ;Fk ; NghJk ;> k pfTk ; r pwg ;ghd czh ;itj ; jUf pwJ kw ;Wk ; KO Njrj ;ijAk ; cw ;rhfg ;gLj ;Jf pwJ." NfNyh ,e ;j pah vd ;gJ gl;laq ;fis nty ;tJ gw ;w paJ kl;L k pd ;w p> t pisahl;L %yk ; xU <Lghl;il Cf ;fg ;gLj ;Jk ; xU khngUk ; ,af ;fj ;ij tYg ;gLj ;Jk ; Kaw ;r pahfTk ; ,Uf ;f pwJ vd g pujkh ; Fw pg ;g pl;lhh ;. 'ehL KOtJk ; t pisahl;L f ;fis k pfTk ; g pugyg ;gLj ;Jk ; xt n ; thU mk ;rj ;j pd ; k J P k ; ehk ; ftdk ; nrYj ;j Ntz L ; k ;>" vd ;W mth ; njh pt pj ;jhh ;.
tpisahl;Lfs; ,isQh;fspd; tho;tpy; xU Kf;fpa ,lj;ijg; gpbf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,J MSikia tsh;g;gjw;fhd xU Kf;fpakhd topKiwahFk; eNue;jpu Nkhb ,e;jpa gpujkh;
,e;jpah KOtJKs;s tpisahl;L urpfh;fSf;F kj;japy; NfNyh ,e;jpa ];$y; Nfk;]; jpl;lj;jpd; tpisahl;LfSf;F fpilj;j tuNtw;gpdhy; ehd; ngUkfpor; r; paile;jpUf;fpNwd; uh[;ath;jd; rpq; uj;Njhh; tpisahl;L kw;Wk; ,isQh; tptfhuj; Jiw mikr;rh;
,e;jpa juprdk; | 32 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
fPNo (NkNyapUe;J fPNo): GJ jpy;ypapd; fd;dhl; Ngy]py; eilngw;w NfNyh ,e;jpa ];$y; Nfk;]; jpl;lj;jpd; tpisahl;Lfspy; ,isQh;fs; gq;Nfw;fpd;wdh;; GJ jpy;yp ,e;jpuh fhe;jp ,d;Nlhh; ];Nlbaj;jpy; NfNyh ,e;jpa ];$y; Nfk;]; Jtf;fk; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: GJ jpy;ypapy; NfNyh ,e;jpa ];$y; Nfk;]; Jtf;f tpohtpy; gy;NtW gphpTfisr; Nrh;e;j tpisahl;L tPuh;fSld; gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb
tpisahl;lhdJ Kf;fpa ghlj;jpl;lj;jpy; ,Ue;J khWgl;lJ vd;w kdepiyia khw;Wtjw;F NfNyh ,e;jpah Kidg;Gld; nray;gl;L tUfpwJ ehl;by ; t pisahlg ;gLk ; midj ;J t pisahl;L fSf ;Fk ; xU tYthd fl;likg ;ig cUthf ;Ftjd ; %yk ; t pisahl;L fyhr ;rhuj ;ij GJg ;g pf ;f NfNyh ,e ;j pah j pl;lk ; Kaw ;r p nra ;f pwJ> NkYk ; Kf ;f pa ghlj ;j pl;lj ;j py pUe ;J t pisahl;il xJf ;f p itf ;Fk ; kde piyia khw ;Wtjw ;fhf t piue ;J nray ;gl;L tUf pwJ. 't pisahl;L fs ; ,isQh ;fs pd ; tho ;t py ; xU Kf ;f pa ,lj ;ijg ; g pbf ;f Ntz L ; k ;. ,J MSikia tsh ;g ;gjw ;fhd xU Kf ;f pakhd to pKiwahFk "; vd ;W g pujkh ; Nkhb $w pdhh ;. NfNyh ,e ;j pah ] ;$y ; Nfk ;] ; j pl;lj ;j pd ; Jtf ;f t pohthdJ [dth p 31 Kjy ; g pg ;uth p 8 tiu GJ j py ;y pa py ; eilngw ;wJ> NkYk ; t py ;t pj ;ij> jlfsg ; Nghl;b> Ngl;k pd ;ld ;> $ilg ;ge ;J> Fj ;Jr ;rz ;il> fhy ;ge ;J> [ pk ;dh] ;bf ;] ;> `hf ;f p> [{Nlh> fgb> Nfh-Nfh> Jg ;ghf ;f pr ;
RLjy ;> e r P ;ry ;> ifg ;ge ;J> vil J }f ;Fjy ;> kw ;Wk ; ky A ; j ;jk ; Nghd ;w 16 g ph pTfs py ; gq N; fw ;gjw ;fhf 17 taj pw ;F cl;gl;l t pisahl;L t Puh ;fs ; miof ;fg ;gl;bUe ;jdh ;. e pfo ;r ;r pa py ; toq ;fg ;gLjw ;fhf fhj ;j pUe ;j 199 jq ;fg ; gjf ;fq ;fis nty ;tjw ;fhf 3>700 f ;Fk ; mj pfkhd t pisahl;L t Puh ;fs ; Nghl;ba pl;ldh ;. NfNyh ,e ;j pah j pl;lj ;j py ; r%f Nfhr ;r pq ;if cUthf ;Fjy ;> khe py mst pyhd NfNyh ,e ;j pah ikaq ;fs ;> t pisahl;L cs ;fl;likg ;ig gad ;gLj ;Jjy ; kw ;Wk ; cUthf ;Fjy̸ N kk ;gLj ;Jjy ;> ngz ;fSf ;fhd t pisahl;L fs ;> CdKw ;wth ;fSf ;fhd t pisahl;il Cf ;fg ;gLj ;Jjy ; kw ;Wk ; f puhgg G; w kw ;Wk ; cs ;ehl;L t pisahl;L f ;fis Cf ;fg ;gLj ;Jjy ; cl;gl 12 g ph pTfs ; mlq ;Fk ;. t pisahl;L vd ;gJ mZff ;$ba njho py ; t pUg ;gk ; my ;y vd ;w gutyhf Vw ;Wf n ; fhs ;sg ;gl;l fUj ;ij e f P ;FtJk ; Foe ;ija pd ; gbg ;igg ; NghyNt t pisahl;L k ; k pfTk ; Kf ;f pakhd mk ;rk ; vd ;gij czu itg ;gJNk NfNyh ,e ;j pah ] ;$y ; Nfk ;] ; j pl;lj ;ij nray ;gLj ;Jtd ; ,Wj p ,yf ;fhFk ;. NfNyh ,e ;j pah ] ;$y ; Nfk ;] ; j pl;lj ;j pd ; Nfh\ khdJ ,e ;j ,yf ;if Kd ;d piyg ;gLj ;Jk ;: ~NfNyh> Fl;N [> Njh gdhN[ y[hthg !; | (t pisahl;L f ;fis t pisahLtJ cq ;fis r pwe ;jth ;fshf ;Fk !; )
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 33 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
ntw;wp
,e;jpa juprdk; | 34 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
cyNfhL
,ire;jpUj;jy; mrhkpa ehl;Lg;Gw ghuk;ghpaj;ijf; Nrh;e;j Ngh[;G+hp gpd;dzpg; ghlfp fy;gdh gl;Nlhthpapd; Cf;fkspf;Fk; ,irg; gazkhdJ ,g;NghJ mtiu Nfhy;L Nfh];l; 2018 fhkd;nty;j; tpisahl;Lf;fhd xU fiyQuhf mioj;Jr; nrd;Ws;sJ! ciu rpypg;gp V rpq;
ghlfp fy;gdh gl;Nlhthp
mrhkpy; cs;s xU rpwpa fpuhkj;jpy; ,Ue;J te;J 30 ,e;jpa nkhopfspy; ghly;fisg; ghba Gfo;ngw;w ,e;jpa ghlfp fy;gdh gl;Nlhthp jdJ fPhplj;jpy; NkYk; xU ,wifr; #bAs;shh;. Vg;uy; 4 Kjy; 15 tiu M];jpNuypahtpy; eilngWk; Nfhy;L Nfh];l; 2018 fhkd;nty;j; Nghl;bapy; ghLtjw;fhf miof;fg;gl;bUf;fpwhh;. Gfo;ngw;w rh;tNjr tpisahl;L epfo;r;rpapd; epiwT tpohtpy; jahhpg;ghsh;fs; [_l; fd; kw;Wk; Nfl; ngd;-Nlhtp MfpNahh; Vw;ghL nra;Js;s> 'Mde;jg; gutrk;: Jizf; fz;lj;jpd; ,ir" vd;W jiyg;gplg;gl;l ,ir epfo;r;rpapd; xU gFjpahf ntw;wpthif #ba ,e;j ghbfp ghLthh;. M];jpNuypa muR toq;fpa khpahijapy; gutrg;gl;Lg; Nghd ekJ ghlfp ,e;j nky;ypir epfo;r;rpay; ,e;jpahit gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf
Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l NghJ 'gpuk;kpg;gile;jJ" Fwpj;J epidTg;gLj;jpg; ghh;f;fpwhh;. 'epfo;r;rp tptuq;fs; kiwj;J itf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd> Mdhy; vdJ ,ir gazk; KOtJk; vdf;F Mjutspj;J> vd;id Nerpj;J> vd;id MrPh;tjpj;j midtUf;Fk; ed;wp njhptpf;fpNwd;. khngUk; ngUik xd;Nw ,e;j rh;tNjr epfo;r;rpapy; vdJ tpUg;gkhFk;> NkYk; ,J vdf;Fs; cz;ikapNyNa jho;ikiaf; nfhz;Lte;Js;sJ. me;j mDgtj;ij ehd; vjph;ghh;j;J fhj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpNwd;>" vd;W mth; njhptpj;jhh;. ',e;j $l;L Kaw;rpahdJ ghh;itahsh;fis czh;r;rp nts;sj;jpy; jpisf;fr; nra;Ak; kw;Wk; nky;ypirapd; ntF Moj;jpw;F mth;fis vLj;Jr; nry;Yk;>" vd;W mth; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;. ehd;F Foe;ijfspy; %j;jtuhd
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gl;Nlhthp ,ir kPjhd jdJ fhjiy ehl;Lg;Gw ghlfuhd jdJ je;ij gpgpd; gl;Nlhthpaplk; ,Ue;J ngw;Wf; nfhz;lhh;. ,e;jpahtpd; gue;j epyg;gug;G KOtJk; rpjwpf;fplf;fpw gy jpwikahd Kj;Jf;fspy; xd;whf mth; jdJ kfis ehd;F tajhf ,Uf;Fk; NghNj ehl;Lg;Gw ,irapy; gapw;rpaspj;jhh;. 'mth; khepyk; KOJk; gazk; nra;J Nkilf; fhl;rpfis elj;Jk; NghJ ehd; mtUld; nry;Ntd;>" vd;W mth; epidT$Wfpwhh;. fTfhj;jpapy; cs;s fhl;ld; fy;Y}hpapy;; Mq;fpyj;jpy; ,sq;fiyg; gl;lKk; cj;jugpuNjrj;jpy; yf;Ndhtpy; cs;s ghl;fhz;Nl kpA+rpf; ,d;];bbA+l;by; ,irapy; gl;lKk; ngw;w ekJ ghlfp jdJ cah;epiyg; gs;spj; Njhoiu jpUkzk; nra;Jnfhz;l gpwF Kk;igf;F Fb ngah;e;jhh;. Kk;igapy; jdJ Muk;g fhy tUlq;fis epidT$Wfpwhh;> 'mit Nghuhl;lk; epiwe;j Jaukhd tUlq;fshf ,Ue;jd. ehd; ghLtJ Kf;fpakhdth;fshy; Nfl;fg;gl Ntz;Lk; ftdpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lnkd;W tpUk;gpNdd; kw;Wk; tpUg;gj;jpdhy; my;y> Mdhy;
ghl;L tuyhW 1917 Mk ; Mz L ; eilngw ;w rk G; +uz rj ;j pahf pufj ;j pd ; 100 tJ tUlj ;ij r pwg ;g pf ;Fk ; nfhz ;lhl;lj ;j py ; kfhj ;kh fhe ;j p Nkhj p`hh pf ;F tUtij mth ; ghbf ; fhz ;g pj ;jhh ;
r%f Mh;tk; ngz ;kz pfs pd ; ch pikfs ; gw ;w pa t po pg G; zh ;it Vw ;gLj ;j rf ;j p Nkd p/ng] ;l; vd ;w mikg ;ig ,th ; e pWt pdhh ;
Gfo; muq;fk; ,th; jphpNyhf; FUJ> Nuhyz;l; fNgrh]; kw;Wk; gpy; buk;kp cl;gl rpy kpfr; rpwe;j ,irf;fiyQh;fSld; Nrh;e;J cyfk; KOtJk; ghbAs;shh;
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2018
fPNo kw;Wk; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk; (NkNy ,lJGwkpUe;J tyg;Gwk;): gl;Nlhthp muR rhuh epWtdkhd rf;jp Nkdp/ng];l; elj;jpa epfo;r;rpapy;> epfo;r;rpapy; mth; xU tajhd ngz;kzpAld; ghLfpwhh;> xU CdKw;w rpWkp gl;Nlhthpf;fhf ghLfpwhs;> epfo;r;rpapy; Mjutw;w Foe;ijjfSf;fhf ghLfpwhh;
gy tUlq;fshf> gl;Nlhthp gy goq;Fb ehl;Lg;Gw ,irf; fUtpfis ghJfhg;gjw;F gq;fspg;G nra;Js;shh;
vg;gbahtJ Ngh[;G+hp ,irj; Jiwapy; gpd;dzpg; ghlfuhf njhlh;e;J Kaw;rpj;Njd;>" vd;W gl;Nlhthp $Wfpwhh; Ml;lk; #Lgpbj;jJ> gPfhhpy; cs;s jpushd kf;fshy; mtuJ ghly;fs; Nerpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. 'eh `k;N] gq;f;th gprha; V fNz\; Nf gg;gh vd;W ehd; ghba Kjy; Ngh[;G+hp gf;jpg; ghly;jhd; vd;id kiwtpy; ,Ue;J ntspr;rj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;L te;jJ. gy gf;jp ghly;fs; kw;Wk; fhy; jhsk; Nghl itj;j ghly;fSf;Fg; gpwF ehd; nkhopia fhjypf;f Muk;gpj;Njd;. Ngh[;G+hp nkhop vdf;F xU milahsj;ijf; nfhLj;jJ kw;Wk; Ngh[;G+hp ehl;Lg;Gw ,iria gpugyg;gLj;Jtjpy; vdJ kpjkhd gq;fspg;ghdJ vdJ ,jaj;ij njhlh;e;J kfpo;tpj;J tUfpwJ>" vd;Wk; mth; njhptpj;jhh;.
gj;k tpG+\z; tpUJ ngw;w Fyhk; K];jgh fhdpd; rp\;iaahd gl;Nlhthp mjd;gpd; tph;[pd; <.vk;.I nuf;fhh;l;]; vd;w gphpl;b\; nuf;fhh;bq; fk;ngdpf;fhf ghbdhh;> ,e;j fk;ngdp ,tuJ Kjy; My;gj;ij ntspapl;lJ> me;j My;gk; Gfo;ngw;w Ngh[;G+hp ehlf MrphpaUk;> ebfUk;> ehl;Lg;Gw ghlfUk;> r%f Mh;tyUkhd gpf;fhhp jh$h; mth;fSf;fhd ,ir mQ;rypahf ntspaplg;gl;lJ. 38 tajhd ghlfhpd; ghly;fs; ,g;NghJ ,isa jiyKiwapdiu ,e;jpahtpd; tskhd ehl;Lg;Gw ,ir ghuk;ghpaj;ij Ghpe;J nfhs;sTk;> ghuhl;lTk; kjpg;gspf;fTk; itf;fpwJ. gy tUlq;fshf> ,th; ,e;jpah KOtJk;> tlf;fpy; gph;fh kw;Wk; ehJq;fp Kjy; tlfpof;fpy; gp{` kw;Wk; ghh;fPj; Nghd;w ghuk;ghpa ehl;Lg;Gw ghly;fs; tiu gy ehl;Lg;Gwg; ghly;fisg; ghbAs;shh;. ,e;j gazj;jpy;> ehl;Lg;Gw ,irapd; gz;Gfisg; Ghpe;Jnfhs;tjw;fhd Muha;r;rpapy; gy tUlq;fis nrytopj;j gpwF> mth; gy goq;Fb ehl;Lg;Gw ,irf; fUtpfis ghJfhg;gjw;F gq;fspg;G nra;Js;shh; kw;Wk; Ngh[;G+hp kw;Wk; mrhkp goq;Fb ,iria ehl;bd; gy;NtW gFjpfSf;F vLj;Jr; nrd;W ngUik Nrh;j;Js;shh;.
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2018
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nfhy;fj;jhitr; Nrh;e;j Xtpah; mtp[pj; jj;jh rh;tNjr GfOf;F Gjpjhdtuy;y. fle;j gj;jhz;LfSf;F Nkyhf> ,e;j Gfo;ngw;w thl;lh;fyh; Xtpah; Mdth; Mh;l; ghry; kpahkp> \hq;fhapYs;s \d; Mh;l; Nfyhp kw;Wk; epA+rpyhe;J> fphp]; kw;Wk; fk;Nghbah cl;gl gy;NtW rh;tNjr Xtpa fz;fhl;rpfs; kw;Wk; fhl;rpafq;fspy; rpe;jidiaj; J}z;Lk; tpjj;jpy; jdJ Xtpaq;fis fhl;rpg;gLj;jpAs;shh;. Mdhy; ,e;j Mz;L gpg;uthpapy; GJ jpy;ypapd; tUlhe;ju Xtpa tpohthd ,e;jpa Xtpa fz;fhl;rpapy; (IAF)> jj;jh jdJ rpwe;j Xtpaq;fis cs;ehl;L $l;lj;ij epd;W ftdpf;f itj;Js;shh;. fhuzk;
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,e;jpa juprdk; | 40 | [dthp-khh;r;
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Fiwjy; Mfpait cyfshtpa gpur;ridfshFk;. vdJ gilg;ghdJ ,e;j gpur;ridfs; Fwpj;J mofhf NgRfpwJ>" vd;W Xtpah; $Wfpwhh;. ',e;j tUlk;> ,e;jpa Xtpa fz;fhl;rpapy; rh;tNjr epWtdq;fisr; Nrh;e;j mUq;fhl;rpafq;fs; kw;Wk; Nrfhpg;ghsh;fs; cl;gl ghh;itahsh;fs; kj;jpapy; Gjpa cWg;gpdh;fs; ,Ue;jdh;>" vd mfh; gpufhhpd; ,af;Fdh; hpdh yhj; $Wfpwhh;. ',g;NghJ jPtpukhf thq;Fgth;fs; gyh; ,Uf;fpd;wdh; kw;Wk; Gjpa ngah;fs; kw;Wk; fUj;jhd rkfhyj;jpa Xtpaj;jpw;F ngUk; tuNtw;G cs;sJ>" vd Nfyhp kph;rhe;jdp kw;Wk; ];nla;d;&f; Mfpatw;wpd; ,af;Fduhd uQ;rdh ];nla;d;&f; njhptpj;jhh;. fle;j fhyq;fspy; epA+ahh;f;> kpahkp kw;Wk; ,j;jhyp Mfpa ehLfspy; ntw;wpfukhd Xtpa fz;fhl;rpfis elj;jpa ahy; Xtpag; gs;spapd; gl;ljhhpahd jhd;ah Nfhay; Nghd;w cs;ehl;by; tsh;e;j ,sk; jpwikahsh; kPJ ,e;jpa ghh;itahsh;fspd; ngUfp tUk; Mh;tj;ij ];nla;d;&f; Fwpg;gpLfpwhh;. Nfhaypd; gilg;ghdJ gpynly;gpah Xtpa mUq;fhl;rpafj;jpYk; A+dpad; ghq;f; Mg; Rtpl;rh;yhe;jpYk; xU mq;fkhf ,Uf;fpwJ. khh;r; khjj;jpy;> Nfhay; 21 tJ rpl;dp gpad;dNyapd;
n[a];hp rf;uth;j;jpapd; fiy eak; #oypay; kw;Wk; Rw;Wr;#oy; NguopT Fwpj;j mtuJ jPtpukhd ftiyia ntspg;gLj;JfpwJ xU mq;fkhf ,Ug;ghh;> mjd;gpd; Nk khjj;jpy; epA+ahh;f;fpd; /gphp]; Xtpa fz;fhl;rpapYk; mtuJ gilg;G fhl;rpgLj;jg;gLk;. 32 tajhd gioa jpy;ypiar; Nrh;e;j Xtpah; Vw;fdNt Xtpa Mh;tyh;fSf;fhd Gj;jprhypj;jdkhd KjyPlhfp tUfpwhh;> mtuJ fUj;Jtsk; kpf;f Nfd;th];fs; kw;Wk; Xtpaq;fs; fhyk;> nkhop> fl;blf;fiy> njhopy;El;gk; Mfpa fUj;Jf;fis ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. Rz;zhk;G> fz;zhb> <ak;> fhp> mYkpdpak;> fhd;fphpl; kw;Wk; ikf;fh Nghd;w fl;llf;fiy nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;jp cUthf;fg;gl;l Nfhaypd; Xtpaq;fs; Vw;fdNt 10 Kjy; 15 yl;rk; &gha; tiu tpiy Nghfpd;wd. yz;ldpy; tpf;Nlhhpah kw;Wk; My;gh;l; mUq;fhl;rpafj;jpy; rkPgj;jpy; jdJ Xtpaq;fis fhl;rpg;gLj;jpa yz;lid Nrh;e;j Yg;dh nrsj;hpf;F ,e;jpa Xtpa fz;fhl;rpahdJ mwpKfkhf ,Ue;jhYk; mtuJ Gfo; NkNyhq;fpNa ,Ue;jJ. [Nthp rkfhyj;jpa Nfyhpapy; ifahy; nra;ag;gl;l mtuJ
fl;llf;fiy khjphpfs; kw;Wk; mOj;jkhd> tz;zkakhd> thl;lh; n[l;-ntl;L kw;Wk; ifahy; nkU$l;lg;gl;l rpj;jhpg;G gilg;Gfs; Fwpg;ghf ,sk; Nrfhpg;ghsh;fSf;F xU tpUe;jhf ,Ue;jJ. 'xU ,e;jpadhf> vdJ gilg;ig ,e;jpahtpy; fhl;rpg;gLj;JtJ mtrpakhdjhFk;. Nkw;fpy; elf;Fk; tof;fkhd tifahf ,y;yhky; xU Xtpadhf ,e;j jsj;jpy; fhl;rpg;gLj;JtJ gilg;ig cUthf;f vdf;F Rje;jukspf;fpwJ." 'fUj;jhsk; kpf;f Xtpak; kPjhd ,e;jpa Xtpa Mh;tyh;fspd; ghh;itahdJ xU rhjfkhd khw;wj;jpw;F MshfpapUf;fpwJ vd;W ehd; epidf;fpNwd;." vd;W mtp[pj; jj;jh $Wfpwhh;> ',e;jpahtpy; rka Xtpak; kw;Wk; fiyfspy; ePz;l fhy ghuk;ghpa Nfhl;ghL kw;Wk; fUj;jhsk;kpf;f rpe;jid fhzg;gLfpwJ>" vd;Wk; nrsj;hp njhptpj;jhh;. etPd ,e;jpa fUj;jpay; XtpakhdJ gy topfspy; me;j ghuk;ghpaj;jpd; xU njhlh;r;rpahf ,Uf;fpwJ." ,e;j tUl ,e;jpa Xtpa fz;fhl;rpahdJ ,e;jpahtpy; mhpjhfNt fhl;rpg;gLj;Jk; Gfo;ngw;w ,e;jpa Xtpah;fspd; gilg;Gfs; fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. cjhuzkhf> vd;gJ taijj; jhz;ba fNz\; `Nyhapd; gilg;ghdJ 2014 Mk; Mz;by; ngh;ypd; gpdhNyypYk;> VNjd;]pd; Gfo;ngw;w lhf;Fnkd;lh 14 kw;Wk; 2017 Mk; Mz;by; fhN]ypYk; fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ fhz;fhl;rpfspd; $Ljy; rpwg;ghFk;.
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2018
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,e;jpa juprdk; | 44 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
Nkthhpd; N`hyp (NkNy): uh[];jhd; khepyj;jpy; ,d;Dk; trpj;J tUk; mur FLk;gq;fs; ,ir kPl;b eldq;fs; Mb gpukhz;lkhd Kiwapy; ,e;j epwq;fspd; gz;bifiaf; nfhz;lhLfpd;wdh;. N`hypfh Njfd; rlq;fpd; NghJ cja;G+hpd; mur FLk;gj;jpdh; ghuk;ghpa uh[];jhdpa cilia mzpfpd;wdh;. Nlhy; [j;uh (Kfg;Gg; gf;fk; NkNy): Nlhy; [j;uh (my;yJ Nlhy; G+h;zpkh) vd;gJ Nkw;F tq;fhsk; N`hypia nfhz;lhLk; KiwahFk;. ngz;fs; jq;fSf;Fj; jhq;fNs cil mzpe;J nfhz;L vf;juh> Jh;gp kw;Wk; tPiz Nghd;w thj;jpaf; fUtpfSld; ghb Mb kfpo;fpd;wdh;> mNjNeuj;jpy; Mz;fs; mth;fs; kPJ tz;zg; nghbiaj; J}Tfpd;wdh;. N`hyh nkh`hyh (Kfg;Gg; gf;fj;jpd; mbapy;): gQ;rhgpd; Mde;j;G+h; rh`pg;gpy; N`hypg; gz;biff;Fg; gpwF xU ehs; fopj;J N`hyh nkh`hyh nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. ,uhZt gapw;rpfSf;fhfTk; Nghh; gapw;rpfSf;fhfTk; rPf;fpah;fs; xd;W $Ltjw;fhf 10 tJ rPf;fpa FUthd FU Nfhtpe;j; rpq; Vw;gLj;jpa ,e;j gz;bifahdJ epwg; gz;bifapd; xU cw;rhfkhd gz;bifahf nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 45 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
];dhg;\hl;];
ahrhq; (NkNy): ,e;J fhyz;lhpy; ghy;Fzh khjj;jpd; ngsh;dkpapy; Jtq;Fk; ahrhq; gz;bifia kzpg;G+h; khepyk; Ie;J ehl;fs; nfhz;lhLfpwJ. kzpg;G+hp ehl;Lg;Gw eldkhd jghy; Nrhq;gh eldkhJ ,e;j gz;bifapd; xU gFjpahf Mlg;gLfpwJ. tpUe;jhtdpd; N`hypg; gz;bif (Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;): cj;jug;gpuNjrj;jpd; tpUe;jhtdpy; cs;s tuyhw;W rpwg;Gkpf;f Nfhgpehj; NfhtpyhdJ ,e;jg; gFjpaps;s tpjitg; ngz;fs; G+f;fSlDk; epwj;JlDk; N`hypg; gz;bifiaf; nfhz;lhLtjw;fhf MW tUlq;fshf jpwe;Nj itf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.
,e;jpa juprdk; | 46 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
njd;dpe;jpa khepykhd Nfushtpy;> N`hypg; gz;bahdJ kQ;rs; Fop vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ> ,jpy; kf;fs; fhjy; flTs; fkNjtid (Nghjd;) itf;Nfhy; cUt nghk;ik Ch;tyj;Jld; nfhz;lhLfpd;wdh;
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 47 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
];dhg;\hl;];
,e;jpa juprdk; | 48 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
yhj;khh; N`hyp (tyJ kw;Wk; Kfg;Gg; gf;fj;jpd; Nky; gFjpapy;): ,e;jpahtpy; kpfTk; mjpf nghOJNghf;F mk;rq;fs; nfhz;l yhj;khh; N`hyp gz;bifahdJ cj;jpug;gpuNjrj;jpy; cs;s gh;rdhtpy; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ> ,jpy; ngz;fs; Mz;fis Fr;rpfisf; nfhz;b mbj;J tpisahLfpd;wdh;. fpU\;zh; mtuJ fhjyp uhijiaAk; mtsJ NjhopfisAk; Nfyp nra;jw;fhf Juj;jg;gLk; Guhzf; fijia epidTgLj;Jk; tpjkhf ,e;j ehspy; gh;rhdh ngz;fs; ,ij nra;fpd;wdh;. kQ;rs; Fop (Kfg;Gg; gf;fjpd; mbapy;): njd;dpe;jpa khepykhd Nfushtpy;> N`hypg; gz;bahdJ kQ;rs; Fop vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ> ,jpy; fkNjtid (Nghjd;) nfhz;lhLfpd;wdh;. kf;fs; mtiug; gpujpgypf;Fk; itf;Nfhy; cUt nghk;ikfis njU topahf Ch;tykhf vLj;Jr; nrd;W Nfhtpy; tshfj;jpw;F mUfpy; vhpf;fpd;wdh;.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 49 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
gazk;
mikjpia
miljy;
,e;jpa juprdk; | 50 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
,e;j tUlk; Kjd; Kjyhf jh;khjk;kh khehl;il gPfhh; elhj;jpajdhy;> ehk; ehye;jhtpd; tskhd ghuk;ghpaj;ij Muha;fpNwhk; Gj;j Nth;fisAk; gz;ila ,e;jpahtpy; mwpTf;fhd ikakhf tpsq;fpa mjd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijAk; fz;lwpfpNwhk;
2018 [dth p 11 md ;W ,e ;j pa [dhj pgj p uhk ; ehj ; Nfht pe ;j ; mth ;fs ; gf P hh py ; cs ;s uh[ ;f ph ; ,d ;lh N; e\ dy ; fd n ; td ;\d ; nrd ;lh py ; itj ;J 4tJ rh ;tNjr jh ;k jhkh khehl;ilj ; Jtq ;f p itj ;jhh ;. cyf pd ; k pfTk ; goikahd mw pT Mrdq ;fs py ; xd ;whd ehye ;jht pd ; m] ;j pthuj ;ij cUthf ;FNthk ; vd ;w nfhs ;iffs ; e pfo ;r ;r pa py ; cUthf ;fg ;gl;l ciuahly py ; fye ;j pUe ;jJ. j pngj ;j pa my ;yJ kfhahd Gj ;jkjk ;> Fw pg ;ghf jyha ; yhkh Fw pg ;g pLk ; 'ehye ;jh ghuk ;gh pak Ë&#x153;; vd ;gJ ehye ;jh kug pd ; xU ca pUs ;s MjhukhFk ;. jr ;rr y P h> t pf ;f puk ;kr y P h> NrhkGuh> thyg` p> [fjhyh> Xle ;j G; h p kw ;Wk ; G\ ;gf ph p Nghd ;w gy r pwg ;ghd fy ;t p ] ;jyq ;fSf ;F ,e ;j pah jhafkhfj ; j pfo ;e ;jJ. Mdhy ; ,it midj ;j pYk ; k pfTk ; Gfo n ; gw ;wjhfTk ; kh pahijf ;Fh pajhfTk ; t psq ;f pa ehye ;jh cyf pd ; Kjd ; Kjy ; gy ;fiyf ;fofk ; vd ;w ,lj ;ijg ; g pbf ;f pwJ> ,q ;F ngsj ;j> i[d kw ;Wk ; Ntj jj ;Jtq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ;
ciu gp. hpJ
,lJ kw;Wk; NkNy: goikahd ehye;jhtpd; ,bghLfspy; mjd; rpy Rth;fspy; cs;s Gj;jhpd; mofhd rpw;gq;fs; mlq;Fk;
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 51 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
gazk;
,lJ: klhyak; gpujhdkhf ngsj;j> i[d kw;Wk; Ntj jj;Jtq;fspd; Qhdj;ij tsh;j;jJ NkNy: ehye;jhtpd; xU rpwpa gFjp kl;LNk ,Jtiu fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;ljhf $wg;gLfpwJ
,e;jpa juprdk; | 52 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
Kf;fpakhf Fg;j Ml;rpahsh;fspd; fPo>; 5 Kjy; 12 Mk; E}w;whz;L tiu ehye;jh tsh;rr ; paile;jJ ghuk ;gh paq ;fs ; Fw pj ;j mw pT fw ;Wf ; nfhLf ;fg ;gl;lJ. ,J 5 Mk ; E }w ;whz ;by ;> Fg ;j Nguurh ; rf ;uhj pj ;ah my ;yJ Kjyhk ; FkuFg ;jh pd ; (f p.g p 415 - 455) gz ;ila kfjh uh[ ;aj ;j pd ; jiyefukhd uh[f ph pfht py ; (murh ;fs pd ; tr pg ;g plk ); Gj ;j klhyakhf e pWtg ;gl;lJ. ehye ;jh kfht pfhuh gbg ;gbahf cyf pd ; Kjy ; Fba pUg G; fy ;t p ikakhf mq ;f f P huk ;
ngw ;wJ> ,J Rkhh ; 700 tUlq ;fshf njd ;f pof ;F Mr pah KOtj pYk ; ,Ue ;J khzth ;fisAk ; mw pQh ;fisAk ; <h ;j ;jJ. ,J Kf ;f pakhf Gj ;jFg ;jh> ghyhj pj ;ah> jjfjFg ;jh kw ;Wk ; t[ ;uh cl;gl Fg ;j Ml;r pahsh ;fs pd ; Ml;r pf ; fhyj ;j py ;> 5 Kjy ; 12 Mk ; E }w ;whz L ; tiu ehye ;jh tsh ;r ;r paile ;jJ. g pd ;dh ; Nguurh ; mNrhfh ;> `h ;\th ;jd ; kw ;Wk ; ghyh Nghd ;w mur Fyj ;jth ;fs ; ,jd ; tshfj ;j py ; mj pf Nfht py ;fisAk ; klhyaq ;fisAk ; cUthf ;f pdh ;. me ;j Neuj ;j py ; Nrh ;f ;if eilKiw k pfTk ; fLikahf ,Ue ;jJ> Nru t pUk G; k ; 10 Ngh py ; ,uz L ; Ngh ; kl;L Nk ,e ;j Gd pj tshfj ;j pw ;Fs ; Nrh ;f ;fg ;gl;ldh ;. Mdhy ; ehye ;jh tuyhw ;W Gfo ;
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 53 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
gazk;
,q;F nry;tJ vg;gb rhiy khh ;f ;fk ;: uh[ ;f ph ; (12 f p.k P )> Nghj ; fah (110 f p.k P )> fah (95 f p.k P ) kw W ; k ; ghl;dh (89 f p.k P ) Mf pa ,lq ;fs py ; ,Ue ;J rhiy khh ;f ;fkhf ehye ;jht pw ;F vs pjhfr ; nry ;yyhk ;
vd ;gJ xU rk Pgj ;j pa fz L ; g pbg ;ghFk ;. 1811-1812 ,y ; ,e ;j gFj pa py ; cs ;s ghoile ;j ngh pa tshfj ;ij Muha ;tjw ;fhf te ;j g ph pl;b\ ; Muha ;r ;r pahsh ; g puhd ;r p] ; Gr ;rdd ;`hk py ;ld ; cs ;Shh ; thr pfs pd ; ftdj ;ij <h ;f ;Fk ; tiu ,e ;j khngUk ; gy ;fiyf ;fofk ; fz ;lw pag ;glhkNy ,Ue ;jJ. Gr ;rdd ;-`hk py ;ld ; ,e ;j ,lj ;ij Ma ;T nra ;jhh ;> Mdhy ; 1847 Mk ; Mz L ; tiu ngh pa kh ;fk ; f pl;N lh %yk ; kzy ; NkLfSk ; Fg ;igfSk ; ehye ;jhTld ; fye ;j pUe ;jd. 1861-1862 Mk ; Mz L ; fs py ;> mnyf ;]hz ;lh ; fd ;d pq ;`hk ; kw ;Wk ; Gj pjhf cUthf ;fg ;gl;l ,e ;j pa njhy n ; ghUs ; Ma ;T ikak ; Nrh ;e ;J xU mj pfhug G; +h ;t Ma ;it elj ;j paJ> NkYk ; 1915 Kjy ; 1937 tiu ,e ;j pa njhy n ; ghUs ; Ma ;T ikak ; ,bghLfs py ; Ma ;it elhj ;j paJ. ,q ;F khztuhf ,Ue ;j r d P g; gaz pfshd `{ad ; rhq ; kw ;Wk ; a p[ pq ; ,Uth pd ; Fw pg G; fisAk ; gad ;gLj ;j p kfht Puh pd ; tuyhw ;iwAk ; Nrh ;j ;J fd ;d pq ;`hk ; fz ;lw pe ;jjw ;Fg ; g pwF ,J ele ;jJ.
Mfha khh ;f ;fk ;: ghl;dh mUf pYs ;s t pkhd e piyakhFk ; ,ua py ; khh ;f ;fk ;: uh[ ;f ph ; mUf py ; cs ;s ,ua py ; e piyakhFk ;> mNjNeuj ;j py ; fah mUf pYs ;s Kf ;f pa ,ua py N; t jiyikafkhFk ; uh[ ;f ph ;h py ; ,Ue ;J g p`hh ;\h pg pw ;F g] ;] py ; nry ;yTk ;. ehye ;jht py ; ,wq ;f p gf ph ;e ;J gazk ; nra A ; k ; xUl Nlhq ;fhitg ; g pbj ;J 10 e pk pl gazj ;j py ; gy ;fiyf ;fof Eiotha pYf ;Fr ; nry ;yyhk ;. uh[ ;f ph ;h py ; ,Ue ;J gf ph ;e ;J gazk ; nra A ; k ; [ Pg G; fs ; cs ;sd. ehye ;jht py pUe ;J te ;J nry ;tjw ;F lhf ;] pf ;F Rkhh ; &. 2>000 ghh ;ita pl r pwe ;j Neuk ;: tUlj ;j pd ; Kjy ; fhyhz L ; j pwe ;j pUf ;Fk ; Neuk ;: Vg ;uy ; Kjy ; nrg ;lk ;gh ; tiu fhiy 7 kz p Kjy ; khiy 5.30 kz p tih ; mf N; lhgh ; Kjy ; khh ;r ; tiu fhiy 7.30 kz p Kjy ; khiy 5 kz p tiu ehye ;jh gy ;fiyf ;fofj ;j pw ;F nts ;s pf ;f poik t pLKiw to pfhl;bfs ;: k pfTk ; gh pe ;Jiuf ;fg ;gLf pwJ. 2 kz pNeuj ;j pw ;F 200 &gha py ; f pilf ;f pwJ mUf pYs ;s ghh ;f ;ff ;$ba ,lq ;fs ;: g f P hh py ; rhj ; G +[h gz ;bifa pd ; NghJ Ruh[ G; +h ; ghuhfhd py ; cs ;s #h ;a Nfht py ; Vh p xU Gd pj ahj ;j piu ] ;jykhFk ;. `{ad ; rhq ; e pidt plj ;ijAk ; ghh ;ita plTk ;. ,q N; f lhf ;] pfSf ;F mDkj p f pilahJ. e Pq ;fs ; xU Nlhq ;fhit thliff ;F vLf ;f Ntz L ; k;
,e;jpa juprdk; | 54 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
fPNo (,lkpUe;J tyk;): rPd mwpQh; `{ad; rhq;fpd; tUifia epidT+l;Lk; eye;jhtpYs;s xU epidTr; rpd;dk;; goikahd klhyaj;jpy; cs;s xU kzp Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: jpngj;jpa Gj;j kj Jwtp ehye;jh gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; tshfj;jpy; vQ;rpAs;stw;iw Ma;T nra;fpwhh;
ehye;jh 10>000 khzth;fs;> 2>000 Mrphpah;fs; kw;Wk; gy FbapUg;G klhyaq;fSf;F jhafkhfj; jpfo;e;jjhf tuyhw;Wr; rhd;Wfs; $Wfpd;wd
,e ;j gy ;fiyf ;fofj ;j py ; vy klhya fl;blq ;fs ; ,Ue ;jd kw ;Wk ; xUth ; my ;yJ gyh ; gf ph ;e ;Jnfhs ;Sk ; miwfisf ; nfhz ;l gy t pfhh ;fs ; ,Ue ;jd. xt n ; thU klhya fl;blj ;j pYk ; mjw ;Fh pa nrhe ;j Nfht py ;> jd pg ;gl;l yhf ;fh ; mikg G; > rikayiw kw ;Wk ; rhg ;g pLk ; gFj p kw ;Wk ; jhd paf ; fsQ ;r pak ; vd midj ;Jk ; ,Ue ;jd. ehye ;jht py ; jh ;kfhQ ;[h (gf ;j p fil) vd miof ;fg ;gl;l gy khb E }yfk ; ,Ue ;jJmjd ; %d ;W jsq ;fs py ; uj ;duhQ ;fh (md pag ;gl;l eif)> uj N; dhjhj p (eifff ;
fly ); kw ;Wk ; uj ;dhrhfuh (eif rKj ;j puk ); rka ifnaOj ;Jg ; g puj pfs ;> kUj ;Jtk ;> thd pay ;> jj ;Jtk ;> N[hj plk ; kw ;Wk ; ,yf ;f pak ; kw ;Wk ; g pw ghlq ;fs ; ,lk ; ngw ;w pUe ;jd. gy fl;L khdq ;fs pd ; gy fl;likg G; fs ; gy E }w ;whz L ; fisr ; Nrh ;e ;j Mjhuq ;fisf ; fhz ;g pf ;f pd ;wd> ,g N; ghJ gioa fl;llq ;fSf ;F Nky ; Gj pa fl;blq ;fs ; fl;lg ;gl;L tUf pd ;wd. ehye ;jh And] N; fht pd ; cyf ghuk ;gh paj ; jskhf mw pt pf ;fg ;gl;L s ;sJ> Njhz ;bnaLf ;fg ;gl;l Gj ;j kj kw ;Wk ; ,e ;J kj r pw ;gq ;fs ;> ehzaq ;fs ;> Kj ;j piufs ;> fy n ; tl;L fs ; kw ;Wk ; Kjy ; E }w ;whz ;ilr ; Nrh ;e ;j ,uz L ; ngh pa [hbfs ; kw ;Wk ; vh pe ;j mh pr p khj ph pfs ; Mf pait mq ;Fs ;s njhy n ; ghUs ; mUq ;fhl;r paj ;j py ; ghJfhf ;fg ;gLf pd ;wd. Gj ;j kw ;Wk ; i[d r%fq ;fSf ;F kj ;j pa py ; Kf ;f paj ;Jtk ; nfhLf ;fg ;gLf pw ,e ;j gy ;fiyf ;fofj ;j pw ;F Fw pg ;ghf njd ;f pof ;F Mr paht py pUe ;J xt n ; thU Mz L ; k ; Ma puf ;fzf ;fhd Rw ;Wyh gaz pfs ; tUif jUf pd ;wd.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 55 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
,ir
ghuk;ghp ,ir
rpfpr;ir
,e;jpa uhfq;fs; euk;gpay;> cstpay; kw;Wk; cly; hPjpahd rpfpr;irKiwfSld; njhlh;Gilathf ,Uf;fyhk; vd;W Ma;Tfs; njhptpf;fpd;wd ciu iry[h fd;dh
Filr;ryhd jiytyp vd;gJ Ntiyapy; ePz;l ehshfj; njhlUk; Nkhrkhd mDgtkhFk;. M];gphpd; ifapy; ,y;iynadpy;> vy;yhk; njhiye;jJ Nghd;w czh;Tf;Fs; ePq;fs; js;sg;gLtPh;fs;. MdhYk;> uhf fy;ahzp uhfj;ij cq;fs; ,irf; fUtpapy; kPl;LtJ Mr;rhpakhd tpjj;jpy; MWjyhf ,Uf;Fk; kw;Wk; typiaAk; Fiwf;Fk;! ,e;j uhfj;ij vl;L ];tuj;jpy; nkd;ikahf 30-40 epkplq;fSf;F ,irg;gJ jiytypia Fiwf;fTk; Fiwthd ,uj;j mOj;jj;ij mjpfhpf;fTk; cjTk;. mNjNghy> rpy ,e;jpa ghuk;ghpa uhfq;fis Ntfkhd njhdpapy; ,irg;gJ cah; ,uj;j mOj;jj;ijf; Fiwf;fpwJ. xU ,dpikahd mDgtk; vd;dntd;why;> ,irapdhy; xUtiu Fzg;gLj;jNth my;yJ kfpo;r;rpaspf;fNth KbAk;. ePq;fs; Ntiy nra;jhYk;> clw;gapw;rp nra;jhYk;> gbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhYk;> thfdk; Xl;bf; nfhz;bUe;jhYk; my;yJ jpahdk; nra;J nfhz;bUe;jhYk;> Fwpg;gpl;l tifahd ,iriaf; Nfl;gJ cq;fs; kdjpYk; clypYk; kfpo;r;rp epiwe;j mikjpiaf; nfhLf;Fk;. ,irapdhy; ,e;jpa juprdk; | 56 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
cliyAk; kdijAk; Fzg;gLj; KbAk; vd;W mbf;fb $wg;gl;lhYk;> uhfq;fs; euk;gpay;> cstpay; kw;Wk; cly; hPjpahd rpfpr;irKiwfSld; njhlh;Gilathf ,Uf;fyhk; vd;W ,e;jpa ghuk;ghpa ,iriaf; Fwpj;j Ma;Tfs; njhptpf;fpd;wd. cjhuzkhf> 72 euk;G ikaq;fspYk; cs;s fh;ehlf ,irapYs;s 72 nky;ypir uhfq;fspd; (,tw;wpypUe;Jjhd; gpw ,uhfq;fs; midj;Jk; cUthfpd;wd) jhf;fk; Fwpj;J mbf;fb Ngrg;gLfpwJ> MdhYk; mJ Fwpj;J ep&gpf;fg;gl;l Mjhuk; NghJkhd msT ,y;iy. igut;> `pe;jhy;> jPgf;> => Nkfh kw;Wk; ky;fh]; Mfpait ,e;J];jhdp ghuk;ghpa ,irapy;> cs;s MW goikahd
`pe;jhy; uhfj;ijf; Nfl;gJ Klf;Fthjj;ijf; Fzkhf;Fk; vd;Wk;> mNjNeuj;jpy; = vd;w uhfk; kd mOj;jj;ijf; Fiwj;J rhe;jg;gLj;Jk; vd;Wk; $wg;gLfpwJ
Image is for representational purposes only
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 57 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
,ir
Fzkspf;Fk; uhfq;fs;
`pe;jhy; tre ;j fhyj ;Jld ; njhlh G; ila goikahd uhfkhd ` pe ;jhy ; tl ,e ;j pa ghuk ;gh paj ;j py ; fye ;Js ;sJ
fPNo: ghk;Ng n[a];= (Bombay Jayashri)
= r ptngUkhDld ; njhlh G; ila = uhfkhdJ ,e ;J] ;jhd pa f pshr pf ;fy ghuk ;gh paj ;j py ; Njhd W ; f pwJ
Kfg;Gg; gf;fk; (NkNy ,lJGwkpUe;J tyg;Gwk;): jNghyh> Mh;Nkhdpak;> rhul;> kw;Wk; re;J}h; Nghd;w ,e;jpa thj;jpaf; fUtpfisf; Nfl;gJ xU rpfpr;irKiwahf ek;gg;gLfpwJ
ky;fh]; eL ,ut py ; ghlf ;$ba ky ;fh] ; ,e ;j pa ghuk ;gh pa ,ira py ; goikahd xd ;whFk ;
,e;jpa juprdk; | 58 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
uhfq;fshFk;> ,tw;wpy; ,Ue;Jjhd; gpw uhfq;fs; cUthfpd;wd. `pe;jhy; ,iriaf; Nfl;gJ gf;fthjj;ijf; Fzg;gLj;j cjTk; vd;Wk;> = uhfj;ijf; Nfl;gJ kd mOj;jj;ijf; Fiwj;J rhe;jg;gLj;j cjTk; vd;Wk; kw;Wk; ky;fh]; uhfj;ijf; Nfl;gJ fha;r;ry; kw;Wk; rpy tapw;W tpahjpfisAk; Fzkhf;f cjTk; vd;Wk; $wg;gLfpwJ. gy fh;ehlf kw;Wk; ,e;J];jhdp ghuk;ghpa ,iraikg;ghsh;fs; ,irapd; Fzg;gLj;Jk; jd;ikia ghpNrhjpj;Jg; ghh;j;Js;sdh;. Gfo;ngw;w ,e;J];jhdp ghuk;ghp taypd; fiyQh; fyh uhk;ehj; mth;fs; mnkhpf;fhtpy; Gw;WNehapdhy; mtjpg;gLfpw Foe;ijfSld; tof;fkhf ciuahb tUfpwJ> mth;fSf;F taypd; ,irj;J fhz;gpf;fpwhh; kw;Wk; jdJ ,irg; gjpTfisAk; mDg;gp tUfpwhh;. mitfis Nfl;gJ fPNkhnjugp typia Fiwj;J Foe;ijfis J}q;f itf;fpwJ vd;gij mth;fSila guhkhpg;ghsh;fs; cWjp nra;Js;sdh;. Gfo;ngw;w fh;ehlf ghlfpahd ghk;Ng n[a];= mth;fshy; rpy tUlq;fSf;F Kd; epWtg;gl;l `pjk; mwf;fl;lisahdJ NgRtjpy; rpukKs;s Foe;ijfsplk; Vw;gl;Ls;s ,irapd; jhf;fq;fis cWjpg;gLj;jpAs;sJ. ,irapd; jhf;fq;fs; mrhjhuzkhf ,Ug;gjhfTk;> Fwpg;gpl;l fhyj;jpw;F mit ntspg;gLtjhfTk; mjd; Muha;r;rpahsh;fs; cWjp
fh;ehlf ,irf; fiyQh; b.v];. rj;jpahtjp mth;fs; rpy uhfq;fs; jiytyp kw;Wk; ,uj;j mOj;jg; gpur;rpidfis Fiwf;f cjTfpd;wd vd;gijf; fz;lwpe;Js;shh; nra;Js;sdh;. ,irapy; ftdk; nrYj;JtJ Foe;ijfSf;F cly; hPjpahfTk; cjTtjhf $wg;gLfpwJ. 'ehd; ciuahba ghjpf;fg;gl;l xt;nthU Foe;ijAk; ,iria xU Kbthfg; ghh;f;fpwJ> ,J mrhjhuzkhdjhFk;>" vd n[a];= $Wfpwhh;. kw;nwhU Gfo;ngw;w fh;ehlf fiyQh; Nguhrphpah; b.v]; rj;atjp mth;fs; uhfq;fspd; Fzkhf;Fk; jpwd;fs; Fwpj;J jdpg;gl;l Kiwapy; Nrhjid nra;J mtw;wpy; rpy jiytyp kw;Wk; ,uj;j mOj;jj;Jld; Nfl;gth;fSf;F cjTtijf; fz;lwpe;Js;shh;. mtuJ Nrhjidfs; gb> rhkh> rq;fuhguzk;>
m]Nthp kw;Wk; ePyhk;ghp Mfpait cah; ,uj;j mOj;jj;ijf; Fiwf;f cjTk; uhfq;fshFk;. MdhYk;> mth; fz;lwpe;jitfs; kUj;Jt hpjpahf ep&gpf;fg;gl;l Nrhjidfs; my;y vd;gijAk; njhptpf;fpwhh;. kUe;Jfs; ,y;yhky; ,ir rpfpr;iria gad;gLj;Jtjw;F vjpuhf jdJ vr;rhpf;fifiaAk; gjpT nra;fpwhh; kw;Wk; ve;j Fzg;gLj;Jk; gyd;fis mDgtpj;jhYk; kUj;JtUld; fye;jhNyhrpf;Fk;gb MNyhid toq;Ffpwhh;. kw;nwhU Gfo;ngw;w fh;ehlf ghlfp lhf;lh; fPh;j;jzh FzpFyhah $Wfpwhh;> ',irapd; Fzg;gLj;Jk; rf;jpiag; gw;wpg; NgRk; Mapuf;fzf;fhd fl;Liufs; ,izaj;jpy; fpilf;fpd;wd. kdpj clypYk; kdjpYk; Vw;gLk; ,irapd; jhf;fq;fs; Fwpj;J xUth; gbf;Fk; NghJ> ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;ba gy fhuzpfs; cs;sd. cjhuzkhf> jhsq;fs;> ];tuq;fs;> uhfq;fs; kw;Wk; Neuk; Mfpait xUtUf;F xUth; khWk; uridAs;sitahf ,Ug;gjdhy;> xU Foe;ijf;F gyidf; nfhLj;J kw;nwhUtUf;F nfhLf;fhky; ,Uf;fyhk;> vdNt ,jd; rpfpr;ir tbtk; ntt;NtW jhf;fj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ."
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 59 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
eldk;
,lJ kw;Wk; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: xU N[hb $bahl;lk; eldf; fiyQh;fs;
,e;jpa juprdk; | 60 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
ehlfKk;
gf;jpAk;
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ekJ fhyj;ijAk; ,lj;ijAk; jhz;ba fjhghj;jpuq;fs;; rg;jq;fisAk; ghh;itfisAk; ehk; jpdKk; ghh;g;gjpy;iy; NkYk; tpsf;fj;ij Vw;f kWf;Fk; xU fhl;rp. mJjhd; $bahl;lkhFk; (rpy Neuq;fspy; Fl;bahl;lk; vdTk; $wg;gLfpwJ)> goikahd rk];fpUj tbt ehlfkhd ,e;j $bahl;lk; And];Nfhtpdhy; kdpj Fyj;jpd; tha;nkhop kw;Wk; mwpTf;F vl;lhj ghuk;ghpaj;jpd; rpwe;j fiyahf gl;bayplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ~$bahl;lk;| vd;w thh;j;ijf;F ~,ize;J nray;gLjy;| vd;W mh;j;jkhFk;> Mdhy; ,e;j eld tbtj;jpd; ,ay;ghd ngauhdJ mjd; rpf;fyhd mLf;Ffspy; jhd; ,Uf;fpwJ. ehlfj;jdkhd Nkf;mg;> kpfg; nghpa fhJkhl;b kw;Wk; Milfs; kw;Wk; ngh;F]d; ,irf; fUtpfSld; Nrh;e;J xt;nthU eldf; fiyQUk; ntt;NtW cyfj;ijr; Nrh;e;j J}Jtuhf ,Uf;fpd;wdh;> ,th;fs; kdpjh;fSk;> flTsh;fSk; kw;Wk; Nga;fSk; xd;whf ,Ue;j fhyj;jpYs;s fijfisf; $Wfpd;wdh;. $bahl;lj;jpd; mgpeak; my;yJ gy;NtW tpjkhd if iriffs;> cly; mikg;Gfs; kw;Wk; mirTfs;> Kf kw;Wk; fz; ghtizfs; kw;Wk; Rthrg; gapw;rpfs; Mfpatw;iw gad;gLj;Jk; fiyeakhd ebg;G El;gNk ,jd; jdpr; rpwg;ghFk;. nfhl;Lf;fhuh;fs; eldf; fiyQh;fspd;
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 61 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
eldk;
,lJ: $bahl;l Nkij fgpy NtZ Nkilapy; eldkhLfpwhh; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: $bahl;lk; fiyQh; xUth; xU epfo;r;rpf;F Kd;ghf jd;id xg;gid nra;J nfhs;fpwhh;
$bahl;lkhdJ gf;jpAld; gpizf;fg;gl;Ls;s xU eldkhFk;. Nkilapd; ikaj;jpy; Kd;Gwj;jpy; itf;fg;gLk; vz;nza; tpsf;F Kf;fpakhdjhFk; gpd;dhy; epWj;jg;gl;bUe;jhYk;> xt;nthU tpuy; miritAk; mth;fspd; xt;nthU fz; rpkpl;ly;fisAk; gad;gLj;jp xU ehlfj;jd;ikia mth;fshy; cUthf;f KbfpwJ. ftdkhd cstpay; Ma;thf $wg;gLk; fjhghj;jpu rpj;jhpg;Gf;fSld; Nrh;j;J tphpthd ,aw;if rpj;jhpg;Gf;fshdit $bahl;lj;ij ghh;itahsh;fSf;Fk; eldf; fiyQh;fSf;Fk; xU jPtpu mDgtkhf;Ffpd;wd. Gfo;ngw;w rk];fpUj ehlf Mrphpah;fshy; nfhz;lhlg;gLk; ehlfq;fspd; fUg;nghUs;fs; gz;ila ,e;jpa Guhzq;fspy; ,Ue;Nj ngUk;ghYk; vLf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j capNuhl;lkhd ,e;jpa juprdk; | 62 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
ehlf tbtkhdJ ,yf;fpa tuyhw;wpy; xU kfpo;r;rpfukhd rk;gtj;jpw;F nghWg;ghdjhf ,Uf;fpwJ> 1900 fspd; Kw;gFjpapy;> $bahl;lk; ghuk;ghpaj;jpy; 13 ehlfq;fs; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;Ls;sd> ,it Muk;gfhy rk];fpUj ehlf Mrphpah;fspy; xUtuhf fUjg;gLk; gh\h mth;fSilaJ vd mwpQh;fs; $Wfpd;wdh;. mJtiu> ,e;j ehlf Mrphpahpd; gilg;Gfs; Mope;Jtpl;ljhfNt fUjg;gl;ld. ,e;j ehlfq;fs; $bahl;lk; gl;baypy; ,Ue;jhYk;> ,it ,g;NghJ jw;Nghija ehlff; FOf;fshYk; jahhpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. Muk;gj;jpy; $j;jhk;gyq;fspy; (Nfushtpd; Nfhtpy;fspy; cs;s eld muq;Ffs;) kl;LNk ele;J te;j $bahl;lkhdJ gf;jpAld; xd;whf gpizf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Nkilapd; ikaj;jpy; Kd;Gwj;jpy; itf;fg;gLk; vz;nza; tpsf;F Kf;fpakhdjhFk;. tpsf;if gw;w itj;jy;> jz;zPiuj; njspg;gjd; %yk; Nkilia Gdpjg;gLj;Jjy; cl;gl Muk;g rlq;Ffs; kw;Wk; ehlfj;jpw;fhd Ngr;R kw;Wk; ghl;L mwpKfq;fs; Mfpait gpujhdkhd rpwg;gk;rq;fshFk;. rpy mirTfs; ifalf;f jpiuf;Fg; gpd;dhy; cs;s xU
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 63 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
eldk;
,lJ: $bahl;lj;jpd; jdpj;Jtkhd ebg;gpy; gy;NtW Kf kw;Wk; fz; ghtizfs; mlq;Fk; fPNo: epfo;r;rpapy; khh;[p kJ rhf;ahh; ,uhtzdhf ebf;fpwhh; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: nfhl;L mbg;gth;fs; gpd;dhy; ,Ue;J nfhl;lbf;Fk; NghJ xU $bahl;lk; fiyQh; ,uhtzdhf ebf;fpwhh;
Image credit: Margi Madhu Chakyar
ebfh; %ykhf nra;ag;gLfpd;wd. fiyapd; Gdpjg; gz;Gfshf rpy rlq;Ffs; ,t;thW ghh;itahsh;fsplkpUe;J kiwf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ehlfj;jpd; Muk;gg; gphpthd eph;thdh vd;gJ epfo;r;rpapd; xU jdpj;Jtkhd mk;rkhFk;. xU fiyQh; fjhghj;jpuj;jpy; tho;tpd; fle;j fhy nray;ghLfs; kw;Wk; #o;epiyfis /gpsh\;Ngf;fhf epidj;Jg; ghh;f;fpwhh; kw;Wk; ehlfk; Jtq;Fk; ,lk; tiu topelj;Jfpwhh;. rpj;jpuj;ij moFgLj;Jtjw;F gpw trdq;fspy; ,Ue;J fld; thq;fp fiy El;gj;jpw;Fs; Nkk;ghLfs; nra;a ebfUf;F Rje;jpuk; nfhLf;fg;gLfpwJ. tha; %ba Nfhs tbt xU jhkpuf; nfhl;lhd kp]T vd;gJ $bahl;lj;Jld; ,ize;J tUk; Kf;fpakhd thj;jpaf; fUtpahFk;. kp]T thrpf;fpw ,uz;L fiyQh;fs; gue;j mstpyhd nfhl;L jhsq;fs;> rg;j msTfs; kw;Wk; Kiwfis cUthf;f jq;fspd; ,uz;L iffshYk; nfhl;Lf;fis mbf;fpd;wdh;. xU rpwpa Fr;rp kw;Wk; cNyhf [hyuhf;fis gad;gLj;jp thrpf;fg;gLk; kzpf; FLit tbtKs;s vlf;fh vdg;gLk; nfhl;L kw;nwhU cld; tUk; thj;jpaf; fUtpahFk;. ePz;l; nrhy; mirfspy; ,Ue;J vLj;j thrfq;fis kpfTk; fiyeakhf> jhsj;Jld; gbj;jy; $bahl;lj;jpd; Fuy; El;gkhFk;. ,e;jpa juprdk; | 64 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
$bahl;lj;jpd; ghuk;ghpak; Rkhh; 2>000 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;ghdjhf ek;gg;gl;lhYk;> Mjhuq;fSk; ,yf;fpaKk; ,it 1>000 Mz;LfSf;F Ke;jpait vd;gjw;F cWjpahd Mjhuq;fisf; nfhLf;fpd;wd. 9tJ E}w;whz;by; murhz;ljhf ek;gg;gLk; Nru mur Fyj;jpd; kd;duhd FyNrfu th;kd; mth;fs; $bahl;lj;jpw;F GJ tbtk; nfhLj;J kiyahsj;jpy; Ngrg;gl;l tpJ\hrhfh my;yJ ieahz;b Nghd;w fhhpaq;fis mwpKfg;gLj;jp mjpfhuj;jpy; cs;sth;fisAk; rKjhaj;jpd; FiwghLfisAk; Ntbf;ifahf NjhYhpj;Jf; fhz;gpj;j ngUikf;Fhpatuhf ,Uf;fpwhh;. ieahz;b> r%f fUj;J kw;Wk; cs;Shh; nkhop Mfpatw;wpd; mwpKfk; ,e;j fiy tbtj;jpw;F Gjpa ghpkhzq;fisf; nfhLj;jJ.
jhkpuf; nfhl;lhd kp]T vd;gJ $bahl;lj;Jld; ,ize;J tUk; Kf;fpakhd thj;jpaf; fUtpahFk;
$bahl;lk; ghuk;ghpakhf gy ,uTfshf eilngw;wJ - ehlfj;jpd; xU fhl;rpahdJ xU khjj;jpw;F Nky; vLj;jJ. ebfh;fspd; Nkk;ghl;Lj; jpwikfisr; rhh;e;jpUf;Fk; $j;jpd; mjpf mstpyhd tphpthf;fNk ,jw;F fhuzkhf ,Ue;jJ. ,d;W> ebg;Gfs; Fiwf;fg;gl;Ls;sd> fiyQh;fs; ngUk;ghYk; RUf;fkhfNt ebf;fpd;wdh; kw;Wk; Njitfs; Gjpa tsh;r;rpf;F tpj;jpl;Ls;sd. cjhuzkhf> ek;gpahh; ngz;kzpfs; MLk; xU gFjpahd ehq;fpahh; vd;gJ $bahl;lj;jpd; xU Kf;fpakhd mk;rkhFk;. eph;thzhit toq;FtNj mjd; gpujhdkhd Nehf;fkhFk;. ,Ug;gpDk;> 20 Mk; E} w;whz;bd; gpw;gFjpapy; ,Ue;J> ehq;fpahh; $j;jhdJ ngUk;ghYk; xU jdpg;gl;l epfo;r;rpahf elj;jg;gLfpwJ> NkYk; fiyQh;fs; JNuhgjp> rPjh kw;Wk; ghh;tjp Nghd;w tYthd ngz;kzpfspd; fjhghj;jpuq;fspy; ebf;fpd;wdh;. c\h ehq;fpahh;> ,e;J [p kw;Wk; fgpy NtD MfpNahh; Gfo;ngw;w ehq;fpahh; $j;Jf; fiyQh;fs; Mthh;fs;.
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 65 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
ehlff;fiy
xU Gjpa
];tuj;jpy; ,e;jpah kw;Wk; cyfk; KOtjpYkpUe;J ngwg;gl;l eldk;> ehlfk;> b[pl;ly; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; kw;Wk; gpw fiyfs;- etPd ,e;jpa ,irf;F xU tskhd vjph;fhyk; cs;sJ ciu rugh];jp khypf;
xU rpy epkplq;fSf;F> Mbl;Nlhhpaj;ij ,Us; Kw;wpYkhf #o;e;J nfhz;lJ> ehlfg; nghUl;fs; kPz;Lk; xOq;F nra;ag;gl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd vd;W ehd; epidj;Njd;. ehd; ebf;fTk; ehd; ghh;f;f Ntz;Lnkd;W fiy ,af;Fdh; tpUk;gpa Kfyhag; Nguurh; mf;ghpd; muz;kidapd; gFjpiaAk; ghh;f;fj; jahuhf ,Ue;Njd;. ntspr;rk; kPz;Lk; te;jJ> ehd; mjph;r;rpapy; %o;f;fpg; NghNdd;. etPd ,e;jpa ,irapd; xU gFjpahf kW cUthf;fk; nra;ag;gl;bUe;j fw;gidahd rp\; k`hiy ehd; ghh;j;Njd;. mjd;gpd;> jpiufSf;F gpd;dhy; ,Ue;J te;j mdhh;fyp [g; gpahh; fpah Njh jh;dh f;ah vd;w Gfo;ngw;w ,e;jp ghliy ];tuk; khwhky; ghbdhh;. ebfh; ];tuq;fs; midj;ijAk; rhpahf ghbaJ kl;Lkpd;wp> eldk; %yk; gue;j mstpyhd czh;r;rpfisAk; ntspg;gLj;jpaij ehd; gutrj;Jld; ftdpj;Njd;. ,t;thWjhd; ,e;jpa jpiug;gl jahhpg;ghsuhd Nf. Mrp/g;gpd; khngUk; gilg;ghd Kfy;-,-m]hk; (1960) vd;w khah[hyj;ij ,af;Fdh; /ngNuh]; mg;gh]; fhd; kPz;Lk; muq;Nfw;wpdhh;. ",e;j jpiug;glf; fijahdJ Kjypy; xU ehlfkhf vOjg;gl;lJ gyUf;F njhpahJ. vdNt> fijia tpthpf;Fk; epfo;Tfs; kpfTk; ehlfj;jd;ikAilaitahfNt ,Uf;fpd;wd> rkPgj;jpa tUlq;fspy;> xU fiy ,e;jpa juprdk; | 66 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
NkNy ,Ue;J tyg;Gwkhf: [{k;& vd;gJ Gfo;ngw;w ,e;jpa gpd;dzp ,ir ghlh; fpN\hh; Fkhhpd; tho;f;ifia mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l ,ir ehlfkhFk;; b];dp ,e;jpahtpd; gpA+l;b md;l; jp gP];l; ehlfj;jpy; ,e;jpa ebfh;fs; kw;Wk; FOtpdh; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sdh;; fhe;jp - jp kpA+]pf;fyhdJ kfhj;khtpd; tho;f;if Fwpj;J Fiwthf mwpag;gl;l mk;rq;fs; kPJ ftdk; nrYj;JfpwJ@ [q;$uhtpy; ,Ue;J xU fhl;rp
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 67 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
ehlff;fiy
NkNy: fhe;jpapd; jp kpA+rpf;fy;ypy; ,Ue;J xU fhl;rp ,lJ: Kfy;,-m]hk; ,y; ,Ue;J xU fhl;rp
,e;jpa juprdk; | 68 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
tbtkhdJ mjpf Gjpdj;ijAk; GJikahd ghpkhzq;fisAk; ngw;W tUfpwJ>" vd;fpwhh; ,e;jpahtpd; ,ir Kd;Ndhbfspy; xUtuhd fhd;. gof;fg;gl;l fijfspy; ,Ue;J Gjpa FOf;fSf;F KO <Lghl;Lld; fijfisf; $Wjy; Kjy; b[pl;ly; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; tiu> ,e;jpa ,ir xU ePz;l gazj;ijf; fle;J te;Js;sJ. cjhuzkhf> ehlfk;> fhjy; kw;Wk; $j;J Mfpatw;wpd; fzpf;ff;$ba fyit njhlh;ghd tho;if rjp jpl;lq;fSld; ,J njhlh;Gilajhf ,y;iy. jNd\; fk;ghlhtpd; fhe;jp - jp kpA+rpf;fy; MdJ Nkhfd;jh]; fuk;re;j; fhe;jpapd; tho;f;ifia rpj;jhpf;fpwJ> mtUila tho;tpd; Fiwthf mwpag;gl;l mk;rq;fs; kPJ ftdk; nrYj;Jtij Njh;e;njLj;Js;sJ. fhd; kw;Wk; fk;ghlh mrhjhuz ,irapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij xg;Gf; nfhz;lhYk;> ,uz;lhkth; [h];> ghuk;ghpa ,e;jpa gh[idfs; (gf;jpg; ghly;fs;)> F[uhj;jp
ehl;Lg;Gw ,ir kw;Wk; lg;];nlg; Mfpatw;wpd; Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;l xU fyitiag; gad;gLj;jpdhh;. ,J ,e;jpa ,ir ehlfj;jpy; fpshrpf;fy;> ehl;Lg;Gw kw;Wk; rh;tNjr tbtpyhd ,ir kw;Wk; eldk; Mfpait xd;whf Nrh;e;j kw;nwhU ,af;fj;ij Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. 'xt;nthU fiyAk; Fwpg;gpl;l fhl;rpapd; czh;it typAWj;Jtjw;fhf cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. njd;dhgphpf;f ePjpkd;wj;jpy; fhe;jp[p xU ghhp];luhf Njhd;Wk; NghJk; kw;Wk; jdJ jiyg;ghifia fow;w kWg;gjw;fhf ePjpgjpahy; fz;ldj;jpw;F MshFk; NghJk;> Nkilapy; cs;s midj;J fjhghj;jpuq;fSk; Mh;g;ghpf;fpd;wd. ,NjNghyNt> gpugykhd lg;];nlg; ghlYk; Mrpa gjpTr; rl;lj;ij rpj;jhpf;fpwJ>" vd;W fk;ghlh tpthpf;fpwhh;. rh;tNjr ,ir ehlf tbtq;fis Nrh;e;j mk;rq;fs; ,e;jpa jahhpg;GfspYk; vjpnuhypf;fpd;wd. `hpahdhtpYs;s FUf;uhk; efhpy; fdTfspd; ,uh[;[paj;jpy; mNuq;Nfw;wg;gl;l tp];fpuhg;bd; [q;$uh jhd; gpuhl;Nt uridia Nrh;j;j Kjy; ,e;jpa ,ir ehlfkhFk;. tp];fpuhg;l; jahhpj;j> ghypTl;lhy; J}z;lg;gl;l ,e;j jahhpg;Gk; ,lq;ifsAk; tho;f;if nray;ghLfisAk; Nkilf;Ff; nfhz;Ltu i`l;uhypf;]; kw;Wk; vy;.<.b jpiuia gad;gLj;jpaJ. mjd;gpd; fijfSk; cs;sd. Kfy;,-m]hk; kw;Wk; fhe;jp Mfpa ,ir ehlfq;fs; ,e;jpahtpy Nt&d;wg;gl;l gof;fg;gl;l fijfisfspy; ,Ue;J cUthd mNj Neuj;jpy;> nkhop kw;Wk; fyhr;rhu gpd;Gyj;ij fle;j gpugykhd rh;tNjr fijfSk; Gjpa tpsf;fq;fisj; NjLfpd;wd. fle;j ,uz;L Mz;Lfspy;> b];dp epWtdkhdJ gpA+l;b md;l; jp gP];l; md;l; mlypd; vd;w gpuhl;Nt ,ir gjpg;Gfis ,e;jpa Nkilf;F nfhz;L te;Js;sJ. ,uz;L fijfSk; ehl;bd; flw;fiufSf;F mg;ghy; ,Ue;J te;jhYk;> ,e;jpa ebfh;fs;> eldf; fiyQh;fs; kw;Wk; ,irf;fiyQh;fisf; nfhz;L jdJ ghh;itahsh;fSf;fhf kPz;Lk; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 'ehlfk; vd;gJ ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s tYthd fiy tbtq;fspy; xd;whFk;. xU ,ir ehlfkhf> Kfy;-,-m]hk; $l fiyeakhd fijak;rj;jpdhy; ehlfj;jpw;F nry;yhj $l;lj;ijAk; nfhz;L te;Jtpl;lJ. kWGwk;> [q;$uh kw;Wk; [{k;& MdJ GJikiaj; NjLk; ghh;itahsh;fis <h;j;Js;sJ. ,J ntWk; Muk;gk;jhd;> tug;Nghfpw tUlq;fspy; ,e;jpa ,irfs; ,d;Dk; gy ,jaq;fis <h;f;Fk; vd;W ek;GfpNwd;>" vd;fpwhh; fk;ghlh.
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2018
| 69 |
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/Ng\d;
epiyj;jd;ikf;fhd
vOr;rpg; ghly; ghuk;ghpa ,e;jpa fiyQh;fisAk; M];jpNuypa nkhpNdh fk;gspiaAk; xd;whf; nfhz;L te;j Ur;rpfh rr;Njth mth;fs; 2017 Mk; Mz;by; rh;tNjr T+y;khh;f; ghpR ntd;w Kjy; ,e;jpa ngz;kzp Mthh;. mth; jdJ tbtikg;G jj;Jtj;jpw;Fs; xU ghh;itia cq;fSf;Ff; nfhLf;fpwhh; ciu Ur;rpfh rr;Njth
rh ;tNjr T +y ;f ;khh ;f ; gh pRf ;fhd t ptuj ;ij ehd ; Kjypy ; thr pj ;j NghJ> ehd ; Foe ;ijahf ,Ue ;j NghJ Jy ;ypakhf nry ;Yk ; ijay ;fisf ; nfhz ;L gioa Nriyfs pd ; gy mLf ;Ffis xd ;whf ijj ;J vdJ ghl;b cUthf ;Fk ; fe ;jh gLf ;ifAiwfis ehd ; epidT $WfpNwd ;. ,e ;jpaht pd ;> Kk ;iga pYs ;s xU fiy rhh ;e ;j kWRow ;r p trjpia gad ;gLj ;J fe ;jh E}iy jahh pg ;gjw ;fhf kWRow ;r p nra ;ag ;gl;l nkh pNdh fk ;gs pia ehd ; gad ;gLj ;Jtjw ;F ,e ;j tskhd Qhgfk ; jhd ; vd ;id Cf ;fg ;gLj ;jpaJ. vdJ jahh pg G; fs py ; ,e ;j E}iy gad ;gLj ;Jtjd ; %yk ;> ghuk ;gh pa kWRow ;r p El;gj ;jpd ; %yk ; Milf ; fopT g pur ;ridia j Ph ;g ;gjd ; mtruj ;ijAk ; Jz p Fw pj ;j Md ;k f P rf ;jp k J P s ;s fyhr ;rhu ek ;g pf ;iffisAk ; kw ;Wk ; ekJ ,e;jpa juprdk; | 70 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
eyd py ; mtw ;w pd ; jhf ;fj ;ijAk ; ehd ; xUq ;fpizj N; jd ;. fiyrhh ;e ;j ift pidahdJ nkJthd Mil cw ;gj ;jp Nfhl;ghLfisf ; nfhz ;bUf ;fpwJ> ,jw ;fhf ehd ; ,kakiy mbthuq ;fs pYk ; kj ;jpa ,e ;jpaht pYk ; nerthsh ;fSld ; gz pGh pe N; jd ;. ghuk ;gh pa El;gq ;fs py ; xU GJikahd mZFKiwia Nkw n ; fhs ;Sk ;gb ehd ; mth ;fis Cf ;fg ;gLj ;jpNdd ;. xUGwk ; epfo ;r ;r pf ;fhf mz paf ;$ba Milf ;fhd mbg ;gilahf nkd ;ikahd ijay ;fshy ; ehd ; fth ;e ;jpOf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;s mNjNtisa py ;> ,e ;jpaht pd ; ghuk ;gh pa MilfSf ;F Fw pg ;ghf Nriy kw ;Wk ; Ntl;b Nghd ;w njhq ;fy ; Milfs py ; xUq ;fpize ;Js ;s trjp kw ;Wk ; gd ;Kfj ;jd ;ika pdhy ; ehd ; Cf ;fg ;gLj ;jg ;gl;Nld ;. vdJ rh ;tNjr T +y ;f ;khh ;f ; gh pR Nrfh pg G; f ;fhf> Jtf ;fg ; Gs ;s pfs pd ;
jdJ ntw;wp ngw;w tbtikg;Gfis mzpe;j ,uz;L khly;fSld; Ur;rpfh rr;Njth rh;tNjr T+y;khh;f; ghpR 2017-18 cld; Ngh]; nfhLf;fpwhh;
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kj ;jpa py ; czh ;r ;r pia nts pg ;gLj ;Jk ; ,e ;jpa Xt pauhd jNag ; Nkj ;jh (19252009) gad ;gLj ;jpa epwq ;fs ; ,Ue ;jd. Gjpa Rje ;jpu ,e ;jpaht pd ; cj N; tfj ;ijg ; g pujpgypf ;f xU fhl;r p nkhopia mth ; cUthf ;fpdhh ;. epwk ; nts pg ;gLj ;Jk ; czh ;Tg G; +h ;tkhd gjpyhy ; <h ;f ;fg ;gl;l Nkj ;jh kd pj epiyikia Fw pg ;g pl J}a ;ikahd epwj ; njhFg G; fis gad ;gLj ;jpdhh ;. vdJ Nrfh pg ;g py ;> nkh pNdh
vdJ Nrfhpg;gpy;> thpfs; %ykhf tbtKk; mikg;Gk; nfhLf;fg;gl;l epwq;fs; capNuhl;lkhd rf;jpia cUthf;Ffpd;wd
,e;jpa juprdk; | 72 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
fk ;gs pa pd ; tYthd NfhLfs ; kw ;Wk ; Mf ;fg G; +h ;tkhd gjg ;gLj ;Jjy ;fs ; %ykhf tbtKk ; mikg G; k ; nfhLf ;fg ;gl;l epwq ;fs ; ca pNuhl;lkhd rf ;jpia cUthf ;Ffpd ;wd. Fw pg ;ghf> fhy ;rl;ilfs ; kw ;Wk ; ghthilfs pd ; g pbg ;ghd cil tbtj ;jpy ;> ,e ;jpaht pd ; eldf ; fiyQh ;fs pd ; (ghuk ;gh pa eldkhLk ; njhopy ;Kiw eldf ; fiyQh ;fs pd ); RoYk ; cilfs py ; ,Ue ;J r pe ;jid g pwe ;jJ. ngz ;z pa milahsj ;jpd ; rf ;jptha ;e ;j nkhopiag ; NgRtjw ;F ghb] ; tbtikg G; ifnaOj ;ijg ; gad ;gLj ;jp> ehl;baj ;jpd ; czh ;Tg G; +h ;tkhd moF> ngz ;ik kw ;Wk ; typik t pth pf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sd. ,e ;j ngz ;kz pfs ; jq ;fk ; kw ;Wk ; nts ;s p eiffs ; mz pe ;jdh ;> ,J
gad;ghl;by; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; cl;nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; rhaq;fs; kw;Wk; ,ilg;gl;l midj;jpypUe;Jk;> [rr;Njthtpd;] Nrfhpg;G cz;ikapy; xU etPd ngz;kzpiaf; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ gpypg; ypk; mnkhpf;fhitr; Nrh;e;j Mil tbtikg;ghsh;
mth ;fs ; eldkhba NghJ xs pahf g pujpgypj ;J mth ;fs pd ; mofhd kw ;Wk ; kh ;kkhd xs pia Nkk ;gLj ;jpaJ. vdJ Nrfh pg ;g py ;> mtw ;Wf ;F fl;likg ;igAk ; xU El;gkhd xs p t pyFk ; gsgsg ;igAk ; nfhLg ;gjw ;fhf ,j ;jhypa kpy ; %yk ; nkh pNdh fk ;gs pf ;Fs ; jq ;f kw ;Wk ; nts ;s p E}y ;fs ; nea ;ag ;gl;ld. vdJ tbtikg G; nray ;Kiwa py ; NfhL kw ;Wk ; tbt pay ; Kd ;djhfNt e Pbj ;j ,lj ;ijg ; g pbj ;Js ;sd. ,e ;j Nrfh pg ;g pw ;fhf> ,e ;jpa Xt pah ; e] ;h pd ; Kfkjp (1937-1990) mth ;fshy ; ehd ; J}z ;lg ;gl;Nld ;> mtUila NfhL rhh ;e ;j Xt paq ;fs ; kw ;Wk ; mtUila fl;lk ; Nghd ;w tbtq ;fs py ; cs ;s cah ;thd jhsk ; ~fl;likg G; fSf ;Fs ; mike ;j ft pijahf| t pth pf ;fg ;gl;Ls ;sd.
NkNy kw;Wk; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: rr;Njth tbtikg;ghsh; Nygps; ghb]pypUe;J tbtikg;Gfis fhl;rpg;gLj;Jfpwhh;
ghb]; MdJ jOty;> th;j;jf ek;gfj;jd;ik kw;Wk; gilg;ghw;wy; Mfpatw;wpy; mjpf kjpg;ngz; ngw;Ws;sJ... cyf re;ijapy; ,e;j tbtikg;Gfs; vt;thW ngwg;gLk; vd;gijg; ghh;f;f Mtyhf ,Uf;fpNwhk; kdp\; ky;N`hj;uh ,e;jpa Mil tbtikg;ghsh;
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ghuk;ghpa kWRow;rp El;gq;fSld; Milapy; thbf;ifahshpd; fopit jPh;f;Fk; mtruj;jpy; ehd; ,ize;Njd;
xU khly; rr;Njthtpd; tbtikg;ig fhl;rpg;gLj;Jfpwhh;
,e;jpa juprdk; | 74 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
xOf ;fkhd> kpf vs pikahd Kfkjpd ; gilg ;ghdJ Ntiy th p %yk ; xNu Neuj ;jpy ; ,aw ;if epfo ;Tfs pd ; rf ;jpiaAk ; ,af ;fj ;ijAk ; nts pa pLfpwJ. vdJ Milfs py ;> ,e ;j rf ;jpahdJ gy topfs py ; t pth pf ;fg ;gLfpwJ. Kjyhtjhf> kbg ;ghd kw ;Wk ; tbt pay ; epw njhFg G; Nghd ;w $uhd mikg G; ila ,d ;Dk ; jput t ptuj ;Jld ; t pth pf ;fg ;gLfpwJ. ,uz ;lhtjhf> fhyk ;> ,lk ;> kd pj tho ;f ;if kw ;Wk ; ,aw ;if Mfpatw ;Wf ;F ,ila pyhd Mw ;wy ; gh pkhw ;wj ;jpw ;F ghtiz nfhLf ;f xU th pf ;fhd Mw ;wyhdJ ghuk ;gh pa fe ;jh vk ;g ;uha ;lh p %yk ; Muhag ;gLfpwJ. Fy ;Y vd ;w ,ikakiy efh py ;> nghJthf xU tiuglj ;jpy ; ,Ue ;J xU tbtj ;ijg ; ngUk ; nerthsh ;fNshL ehd ; gz pahw ;w pa pUf ;fpNwd ;. ift plg ;gl;l tiuglq ;fs py ; ehd ; $Ljy ; CL ,ioa pd ; ghuk ;gh pa El;gq ;fis tiue N; jd ;> ,jpy ; xU tbtj ;ij cUthf ;Ftjw ;F ghTf ;Fk ; CL ,iof ;Fk ; ,ila py ; E}y ;fs ; Nrh ;f ;fg ;gl;ld. ,J tbtikg ;g pd ; kpfTk ; xUq ;fpize ;j kw ;Wk ; jpUg ;jpfukhd nray ;Kiwf ;fhf mDkjpf ;fg ;gl;lJ. epwq ;fSf ;fhf ehd ; kfhuh\ ;buht pd ; rhte ;thba pYs ;s gNah-ila py ; Ntiy nra N; jd ;. rhak ; fpilf ;Fk ; %ytsq ;fs ; ngUk ;ghYk ; MAh N; tjj ;jpy ; cs ;s cl;nghUl;fshfNt fz ;lw pag ;gl;Ls ;sd> mtw ;w py ; ve ;j er ;Rj ; Jfs ;fSk ; fpilahJ kw ;Wk ; NjhYf ;F ghJfhg ;ghdjhfNt ,Uf ;fpd ;wd. fopT rfjpahdJ cukhf ;fg ;gl;L
rh;tNjr T+y;khh;f; ghpR 2017-18 ,y; fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gl;l rr;Njthtpd; ntw;wpngw;w Nrfhpg;G
ehd; ntl;L tpspk;G njhopy;El;gj;ijj; jOtpdhYk; fiy rhh;e;j tho;thjhuq;fis Mjhpg;gNj vdJ jj;JtkhFk; cukhfTk ; fopT e PuhdJ ghrdj ;jpw ;Fk ; gad ;gLj ;jg ;gLfpwJ. vq ;fsJ gl;ld ;fSk ; Njq ;fha ; nel;Lfs ;> fly ; r pg ;g pfs ; kw ;Wk ; kuk ; Nghd ;w GJg ;g pf ;fj ;jf ;f tsq ;fs py ; ,Ue ;J vLf ;fg ;gLfpd ;wd vd ;gNj ghbr py ; vq ;fs ; KOikahd mZFKiwahFk ;. ,J rk ;ge ;jkhf ehq ;fs ; mofpaYf ;Fk ; new pKiwfSf ;Fk ; cWjpas pj ;Js N; shk ;. ghyp] ;lh ; kw ;Wk ; vh prf ;jp J}z ;ly ; ntg ;g nray ;Kiwfisg ; gad ;gLj ;Jtjw ;Fg ; gjpyhf> guhkh pf ;f vs pjhd fl;likg ;ghd kbg G; fis cUthf ;Ftjw ;F ehq ;fs ;
igz ;bq ;if gad ;gLj ;JfpNwhk ;. thbf ;ifahsUf ;F e z P ;l ehs ; ciog G; Jk ; Kf ;fpakhdjhFk ;> vdNt gy ghb] ; Jz pfs ; kd pj clk ;g py ; ,aw ;ifahd khw ;wq ;fis mDkjpg ;gjw ;fhf rh pnra ;af ;$ba nghUj ;Jjy ; rhjdq ;fisf ; nfhz ;bUf ;fpd ;wd. xU Mil tbtikg ;ghsuhf> ehd ; ntl;L t ps pk G; njhopy ;El;gj ;ijj ; jOt pdhYk ; Rw ;Wr ;#oy ; h pjpahf epiyj ;J epw ;ff ;$ba MilfSf ;fhd GJikahd tbtikg G; j Ph ;Tfis Muha ;e ;jhYk ; fiy rhh ;e ;j tho ;thjhuq ;fis Mjh pg ;gNj vdJ jj ;JtkhFk ;. rh ;tNjr T +y ;khh ;f ; gh pR> M] ;jpNuypa nkh pNdh fk ;gs p kw ;Wk ; ,e ;jpa ift pidQh ;fis nfsut pf ;Fk ; xU Nrfh pg ;ig ehd ; cUthf ;fpa pUf ;fpNwd ; vd ;gJ vdJ kdjpy ; ,Ue ;jJ. vdJ ntw ;w p ,uz ;ilAk ; njhlh ;e ;J nfsut pj ;J tUfpwJ.
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rpdpkh
,e;jpa juprdk; | 76 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
xU ebfUk;
khkdpjUk; jdJ je;ijapd; ehlff; fk;ngdpapy; gzpahsuhfj; Jtq;fp ,e;jpahtpd; rpwe;j ebfuhfTk; jahhpg;ghsuhfTk; tpsq;fp fiyf;fhd jdJ Mh;tj;Jld; tho;e;J khw;W rpdpkhit cUthf;fpa r\p fG+h; xU mw;Gjkhd kuGr; nrhj;ij tpl;Lr; nrd;wpUf;fpwhh; ciu ee;jpdp b jphpghjp
Nkhp gh]; kh i`. ,e;j ehd;F thh;j;ijfSk; cr;rj;jpypUe;j mkpjhg; gr;rid mikjpahf;fp rpdpkh tuyhw;wpd; xU mq;fkhf khwpajdhy;> ,e;jpa jpiug;glq;fspy; rpy thf;fpaq;fs; rpd;dq;fshf jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpAs;sd. ,it r\p fG+uhy; jPthh; (1975) jpiug;glj;jpy; rpkpl;Lk; fz;fshy;> ,jag;G+h;tkhd rphpg;G kw;Wk; ebg;Gj; jpwik %yk; ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;litahFk;. %d;W fG+h; rNfhjuh;fspy; ,isatuhd r\p fG+h; brk;gh; 2017 ,y; fhykhdhh;> NkYk; ,th; rpdpkh cyfpy; kl;Lky;y> mtuJ Kjy; fhjyhd ehlfj; njhopypYk; xU khngUk; rfhg;jkhf tho;fpwhh;.
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Nkilia cUthf;Fjy; 'mth ; jdJ je ;ija pd ; ehlff ; fk n ; gd pahd g ph pj ;t p j pNal;lh py ; gz pahsuhf Ntiyf ;F Nrh ;e ;J Ntiyiaf ; fw ;Wf ; nfhz ;lhh ;>" vd ;W kiwe ;j ebfh pd ; kfs ; rQ ;rdh $Wf pwhh ;. mjd ;g pd ; mth ; xU jahh pg G; Nkyhsh ;> cil kw ;Wk ; xs p tbtikg ;ghsh ; Mdhh ;> ,Wj pahf ebfh ; Mdhh ;. ,t ;thWjhd ; ehlfk ;
fG+h; /gpypk;tpyh]; vdg;gl;l xU jahhpg;G epWtdj;ij cUthf;fpdhh;> ,J xU khw;W kw;Wk; Rje;jpu rpdpkhTf;fhd xU Fuiyf; nfhLg;gjhfj; njhpfpwJ
,e;jpa juprdk; | 78 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
mtuJ tho ;t pd ; xU mq ;fkhdJ> mth ; mg ;gbg ;gl;l xU kd pjuhfj ; j pfo ;e ;jhh ;. ebfUld ; g ph pj ;t pthyh] ; vd ;w Gj ;jfj ;ij vOj pa j piug ;gl t pkh ;rfUk ; vOj ;jhsUkhd j Pgh fhNyhl; mtUf ;F xU mQ ;ry pahf vOJf pwhh ;> 'g ph pj ;t p j pNal;lh ;] ; FOthdJ %d ;whk ; tFg ;g py ; g puahzk ; nra ;J rhjhuz czit rhg ;g pl;lhh ;fs ;. g ph pj ;t puh[ ; fG +h ; jdJ kfd ;fs plk ;> 'ehk ; [f ph ;jhh ;fs ; [e pyf ;f pohh ;fs ;] my ;y> Mdhy ; k] ;J}h ;fs ; [njho pyhsh ;fs ;]>" vd ;W nrhy ;y p itj ;j pUf ;f pwhh ;. fG +h pd ; mikj pahd Fzk ;> xOf ;fk ; kw ;Wk ; vj ph ;fhyk ; Fw pj ;j mtuJ ghh ;it Mf patw ;iw mth ; Fw pg ;g pLf pwhh ;. g ph pj ;t p j pNal;lh py ; ga pw ;r pahsuhf gz pGh pe ;j NghJ> ebfh ; jdJ vj ph ;fhy kidt p> g ph pl;b\ ; ebif n[d pgh ; nfz ;lhy ; mth ;fis re ;j pj ;jhh ;. fG +h pd ;
mth; cjtp nra;j kf;fs;> mtUld; Ntiy nra;jth;fSila eyDf;fhd mtuJ mf;fiw> mtuJ jhuhs kdg;ghd;ik Mfpait nghJ kf;fspd; ghh;itapy; ,Ue;J kiwj;J itf;fg;gl;l mtuJ MSikapd; mk;rq;fshFk; rg;dh M];kp ,e;jpa ebfh;
NkNy: ebfh; jdJ %d;W gps;isfspy; ,uz;L gps;isfshd rQ;rdh (,lJ) kw;Wk; Fzhy; (tyJ) MfpNahUld; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk: rrp fG+h; mth;fSf;F 2015 Mk; Mz;L gphpj;tp jpNal;lhpy; itj;J jhjh r`Pg; ghy;Nf tpUJ toq;fp fTutpf;fg;gl;lJ
mLj ;j e pWj ;jkhf ,Ue ;j N\f ;] ;g paudh ehlff ; fk n ; gd pia mtuJ je ;ij [ pNah/g N; u nfz ;lhy ; elj ;j pdhh ;. '1960 fs py ; vdJ ngw N; whh ; $j ;J ehlfq ;fis vLj ;Jf ; nfhz L ; N\f ;] ;g paudhf ;fSld ; ehL KOtJk ; g puahzk ; nra ;Js ;sdh ;>" vd ;W rQ ;rdh NkYk ; $Wf pwhh ;> 'e z P ;l fhykhf> Kk ;iga py ; g ph pj ;t p j pNal;liu cUthf ;FtJ vdJ mk ;kht pd ; Nahridahf ehd ; e pidj N; jd ;> NkYk ; ,Nj Nghy mNefh ; ,d ;Dk ; e pidf ;f pd ;wdh ;. ,Ug ;g pDk ;> vd ; mj ;ij /ngy pr pl;b mtuJ rNfhjh pa plk pUe ;J ngw ;w xU e pidTf ; fbjj ;j py ; jdJ je ;ij mtuJ mw pit ,oe ;J j pNal;lh ; fl;l t pUk G; f pwhh ; vd ;W $w pdhh !; mth ; jdJ k j P Ks ;s tho ;ehs ; KOtJk ; ehlfj ;ij jd N; dhL nfhz L ; nry ;y t pUk ;g pdhh ; vd ;W e pidf ;f pNwd ;> mij mth ; Kw ;w pYk ; Ner pj ;jhh ;."
mth; Ngrpa NghJ> mtuJ Fuy; Fwk;Gj;jdkhf ,Ue;J> Vwf;Fiwa Nfl;f Kbahjjhf ,Ue;jJ> mtuJ Fuy; nkd;ikahd rj;jKilajhf ,Ue;jJkpfTk; md;ghdjhfTk; MWjyhfTk; ,Ue;jJ mkpjhg; gr;rd; ,e;jpa ebfh;
jpiu kw;Wk; jpiuf;Fg; gpd;dhy; ` pe ;j p r pd pkht pd ; ~Kjy ; FLk ;gj ;j py |; g pwe ;j rr p fG +h ; MW taj pNyNa Mf ;
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epidTg; ghij
jp `T];N`hy;lh; (1963) ,J xU ,sk; ,e;jpaidAk; mtdJ kidtpiaAk; gw;wpa fijahFk;> ,J r%fj;ij Nfyp nra;Ak; rpj;jpukhf tpkh;rdk; nra;ag;gl;lJ
N\f;];gpah; thyh (1965) ,e;j jpiug;glk; 50 kw;Wk; 60 fspy; n[/g;hp kw;Wk; /ngyprpl;b nfz;lhy; ,Uthpd; tho;f;if kw;Wk; gazq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;bUe;jJ
fPNo: ebfh; mth;fs; 2011 Mk; Mz;by; Kd;dhs; ,e;jpa [dhjpgjp gpujpgh gl;By; mth;fsplkpUe;J gj;k G+\d; tpUJ ngWfpwhh;; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: gphpjpt; jpNal;lhpy; eilngw;w xU gpuhh;j;jidf; $l;lj;jpy; fG+h; FLk;gk;
jPthh; (1975) ,e;j gpugykhd ghypTl; jpiug;glj;jpy; r\p fG+Uk; mkpjhg; gr;rDk; rNfhjuh;fshf ebj;jdh;
[{D}d; (1978) ,J u];fpd; ghz;l; vd;w jiyg;igAila xU rpWfijia mbg;gilahff; nfhz;ljhFk;> ,J rpwe;j jpiug;glj;jpw;fhd Njrpa tpUij ntd;wJ
,e;jpa juprdk; | 80 | [dthp-khh;r;
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(1948) kw ;Wk ; Mthuh (1956) Nghd ;w glq ;fs py ; Foe ;ij el;rj ;j pukhf ebj ;jhh ;. g ph pt pid Fw pj ;J Ngr pa Kjy ; ,e ;j pa j piug ;glq ;fs py ; xd ;whd ah\ ; Nrhg ;uht pd ; jh ;kGj ;j puh (1961) j piug ;glk ; r pd pkh tuyhw ;w pd ; kw n ; whU gilg ;ghf mtUf ;F xU Kj ph ;r ;r pahdtuhf cyfj ;ij mw pKfg ;gLj ;j paJ. ehd ;F tUlq ;fSf ;Fg ; g pwF> ghy pTl;bd ; Kjy ; gy ebfh ;fSs ; xUtuhf mth ; Nrhg ;uhTld ; tf ;j ; (1965) vd ;w glj ;j py ; kz P L ; k ; ,ize ;J Ntiy nra ;jhh ;. jt P hh ; (1975)> fg P fg P (1976)> [g ; [g ; G +y ; f py p (1965)> `r d P h khd ; n[af p (1969)> j ph p#y ; (1978) kw ;Wk ; J mTh ; Njh ghQ ;r ; (1980) Nghd ;w Gfo n ; gw ;w j piug ;glq ;fs py ; mtuJ ebg ;g pw ;fhf fG +h ; ngah ; ngw ;whh ;. fG +h ; /g py pk ;t pyh] ; vdg ;gLk ; xU jahh pg G; e pWtdj ;ij cUthf ;f pdhh ;> ,J mtuJ rNfhjuh ; uh[ ; fG +h pd ; Mh ;.Nf /g py pk ;] ; Nghyy ;yhky ; xU khw ;W kw ;Wk ; Rje ;j pu r pd pkhTf ;fhd xU Fuiyf ; nfhLg ;gjhfj ; njh pf pwJ
xU ebfuhf gphpl;b~; kw;Wk; mnkhpf;f rpdpkhtpy; ebj;j mth; gy;NtW jpwikfis ntspg;gLj;jpdhh; fG +h ; jdJ fhyj ;j py ; \pahk ; ngNdfy ; ,af ;f pa [{D}d ; (1979) kw ;Wk ; fy A ; +f ; (1981)> mtuJ kidt p ebj ;j pUe ;j mgh ;dh nrd ;d pd ; 36 nrsh pq ;f p Nyd ; (1981)> Nfht pe ;j ; e pfhy pd pa pd ; t pN[jh (1982) kw ;Wk ; f ph p\ ; fh ;dhbd ; cl;rt ; (1984) cl;gl gy r pwe ;j glq ;fs py ; ebj ;Js ;shh ;.
rh;tNjr rpdpkhf;fspy; Xk ; G +h p> mDgk ; fh ; kw ;Wk ; g ph paq ;fh Nrhg ;uh Mf pNahh ; rh ;tNjr r pd pkhTf ;F ntw ;w pfukhd ~ghijfis| cUthf ;Ftjw ;F ntF fhyj ;j pw ;F
Kd N; g> r\p fG +h ; `T] N; `hy ;lh ; (1963)> N\f ;] ;g pah ; thyh (1965)> ` Pl; md ;l; l] ;l; (1983) kw ;Wk ; ,d ; f] ;lb (1994) kw ;Wk ; mnkh pf ;f ,af ;Fdh ; fd ;uhl; &f ;] ; cld ; r pj ;jhh ;j ;jh (1972) Nghd ;w gy t pkh ;rdj ;j pw ;Fh pa Mq ;f py j piug ;glq ;fs py ; j piug ;gl jahh pg ;ghsh ;fs ; ,] ;kha py ; nkh ;r ;rd ;l; kw ;Wk ; N[k ;] ; Ith p Mf pNahUld ; Nrh ;e ;J gz pahw ;w pa pUf ;f pwhh ;. ,d ;W> g ph pj ;t p j pNal;luhdJ g ph pj ;t puh[ ; fG +h pd ; fdTr ; r pd ;dkhfTk ; ,e ;j paht py ; fG +h ; FLk ;gj ;j pd ; t piykj pg ;gw ;w gq ;fs pg ;ghfTk ; Kk ;iga py ; cah ;e ;J e pw ;f pwJ. fle ;j %d ;W jrhg ;jq ;fshf g ph pj ;t pd ; vz ;zj ;ij ca ph ;g G; ld ; itj ;j pUe ;j r\p fG +h pd ; g ps ;isfs ;> rQ ;rdh kw ;Wk ; Fzhy ; ,UtUk ; j pNal;lUf ;fhf Nguh ;tkhf FLk ;gr ; nrhj ;ij vLj ;Jr ; nry ;f pd ;wdh ;> ,ij mth ;fs ; jq ;fSila mg ;gh kw ;Wk ; mk ;kht plk pUe ;J ngw ;Wf ; nfhz ;ljhfj ; njh pf pwJ.
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,e;jpa juprdk; | 82 | [dthp-khh;r;
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cs;ehl;by; tpisAk;
ed;ik ,it Rkhh; gy E}w;whz;Lfshf ,Ue;J tUfpd;wd kw;Wk; ,it gy E}w;whz;Lfshf ,Ug;gjdhy;> cly; MNuhf;fpaj;jpw;F ,d;Dk; mtrpakhditahf ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,e;j gUt fhyj;jpy; cq;fSila mykhhpf;F xU mj;jpatrpakhd $Ljy; Nrh;f;ifahf ehd;F ,e;jpa #g;gh; czTfs; gw;wp Muhag; NghfpNwhk;
ciu kJypfh Nj~;
thlhky;ypif fQ;rpapd; xU gFjpahf fhiy cztpy; Nrh;f;fg;gLfpwJ kw;Wk; mj;jpg;gok; kw;Wk; ghjhKld; Nrh;e;J ey;y Jiz czthf ,Uf;fpwJ
jhkiu kzp> tpspk;gpg; gok;> tpshk;gok; kw;Wk; thlhky;ypif Mfpa midj;jpYk; fhzg;gLk; nghJthd xw;Wik vd;d? ,it nghJthd kuGtopiar; rhh;e;jitahf ,Ug;gJ jtpu> ,it midj;Jk; gz;ila fhyj;Jf;FhpaitahFk;> Fwpg;ghf ,e;jpa #oypy; ,tw;wpd; GfohdJ ,uz;L etuhj;jphpfs; Nghd;w gz;biffspd; NghJ tpujj;jpw;fhd czthf ,Uf;fpd;wd vd;w cz;ikapypUe;J cUthfpwJ> ,e;j gz;biffspy; xd;W khh;r; khjj;jpy; nfhz;lhlg;gLfpwJ. gUtepiy khWtjdhy;> fhyepiy khWtJ kl;Lkpd;wp> kdpj clYk; mbf;fb Neha; Vw;gLk; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpwJ. ghuk;ghpa MAh;Ntj kUj;Jtk; gw;wp NgRk; gz;ila rk];fpUj E}yhd rhuf; rk;`pjh MdJ ,e;j czTfs; xt;nthd;Wk; clYf;fhd Cl;lr;rj;jhf kl;Lkpd;wp> vt;tpjkhd jPq;fhd Neha;fSf;Fk; vjpuhd ghJfhg;ghdhf tpsq;FfpwJ vd;gijf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sJ.
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tpshk;gok; tapw;Wg;Nghf;F> rPjNgjp kw;Wk; tapw;Wg; Gz;fSf;F xU gpugykhd kUe;jhf ,Uf;fpwJ> NkYk; xU kpjkhd kykpsf;fpahfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ
tpshk;gok; FlYf;F cfe;j czT vd;W tUk; NghJ> ,ij NtW ve;j czthYk; mbj;Jf; nfhs;s KbahJ. nkshpag; Nguurh; mNrhfh; xUKiw ntw;wp ngw;w NghJ> xU tptrhap jz;zPUf;Fg; gjpyhf ,e;j goj;jpd; rhiw mtUf;F nfhLj;j NghJ> ,e;j goj;jpd; mw;Gjkhd gf;fj;ij mth; fz;lwpe;jhh;. c\;zkhd khjq;fspy; ,e;j goq;fspd; ed;ikfs; kpfTk; cfe;jjhf ,Ue;jhYk;> ,jd; itl;lkpd;> jhJ kw;Wk; Mf;]p[Ndw;wj;; jLg;ghd; epiwe;j
tyJ: tpshk;gok; B NkNy: eWf;fpa> ,dpg;gplg;gl;l tpshk;goj;ij xU Jhpj jpd;gz;lkhfTk; rhg;gplyhk; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: mThpney;yp kw;Wk; thy;el;fs; fye;j thlhky;ypif fQ;rp
,e;jpa juprdk; | 84 | [dthp-khh;r;
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fyitahdJ ,ij vy;yh gUtj;jpYk; rhg;gpl Ntz;ba czT tifahf khw;WfpwJ. ,dpg;Gfspy; xU nrwpT+l;lg;gl;l> RitA+l;Lk; fhuzpahf ,Ue;jhYk; my;yJ Kug;ghthf (kpllha; tbtj;jpy;) ,Ue;jhYk;> ,J tapw;Wg;Nghf;F> rPjNgjp kw;Wk; tapw;Wg; Gz;fSf;F xU gpugykhd kUe;jhf ,Uf;fpwJ> NkYk; ,J xU kpjkhd kykpsf;fpahfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ. ed;ikfs;: Mapuf;fzf;fhd tUlq;fshf ,e;jpa cs;ehl;L czthfj; jpfOk; ,e;jg; gokhdJ mjd; kUj;Jt Fzj;jpw;F kl;Lkpd;wp> ,aw;ifahd Fsph;r;rp jUk; mjd; gz;Gf;fhfTk; Gfo; ngw;wjhf tpsq;FfpwJ.
thlhky;ypif thlhky;ypif etPd cyfpy; xU #g;gh; czthf miof;fg;gLtjw;F Kd;> thlhky;ypifAk; mjd; 60 jdpj;Jtkhd tiffSk; KJikailtij jLf;Fk; khah[hyj; jd;ikapy; xUkpj;jitahfNt ,Ue;jd. NkYk; ,J uh[;fpuh my;yJ uhk; jhdh vdTk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ> MAh;Ntjk; ,ij cztpy; Nrh;g;gij mtrpakhdjhf fUJfpwJ kw;Wk; ,uj;j Nrhifapy; mtjpg;gLgth;fSf;F ,ij ghpe;Jiuf;fpwJ. rikay; gad;ghl;ilg; nghWj;j tiuapy;> ,J xU tug;gpurhjkhd gapuhf epiyj;J
,Uk;G> Jj;jehfk;> fhy;rpak;> gh];gu]; kw;Wk; ehh;r;rj;J epiwe;j thlhky;ypifahdJ Cl;lr;rj;J mstpd; mbg;gilapy; jpidia tpl mjpf kjpg;ngz; ngWfpwJ
epw;fpwJ> Gj;Jzh;r;rpahd gapuhf ,Uf;Fk; NghJ kl;Lkpd;wp> cyh;e;j jhdpakhf ,Uf;Fk; NghJk; rhpahd cldb fhiy czT jhdpakhf ,Uf;fpwJ. ed;ikfs;: ,Uk;G> Jj;jehfk;> fhy;rpak;> gh];gu]; kw;Wk; ehh;r;rj;J epiwe;j thlhky;ypifahdJ Cl;lr;rj;J mstpd; mbg;gilapy; jpidia tpl mjpf kjpg;ngz; ngWfpwJ.
jhkiu kzp jhkiu kzpfs; fz;lwpag;gl;l NghJ> ,it Gujk; epiwe;j irt czthf ,Ue;jpUf;fyhk;> Mdhy; ehp nfhl;ilfs; vdTk; miof;fg;gLk; jhkiu kzpfs; ,e;jpahtpy; gy E}w;whz;Lfshf gapug;gl;L tUfpd;wd vd;gij goikahd ,e;jpa E}y;fs; njhptpf;fpd;wd. Fsph;fhyj;jpd; Jtf;fj;jpy; G+j;Jf; FYq;Fk;> ,e;j rpwpa nts;is cUz;ilfs; gz;ila fhyj;jpy; jpd;gz;lq;fshf rhg;gpLtjw;fhf Nrfhpf;fg;gl;ld> ,d;W ,it kUe;jhfTk; Cl;lr;rj;jhfTk; rhg;gplg;gLfpd;wd. ,tw;wpy; Nrhbak; kw;Wk; nrwpT+l;lg;gl;l
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,lJ: xU fpz;zk; tWj;j jhkiu kzp fPNo: xU nfhj;J jhkiu kzp fha;fs; kw;Wk; kyh;fs; Kfg;Gg; gf;fk;: tpspk;gpg; go jpukpR ghpkhWjy;
nfhOg;Gfs; Fiwthf fhzg;gLtjdhy;> ,it ,e;jpa rikaypy; xU Ritahd %yg;nghUshf ,Uf;fpd;wd> ,it cUisf;fpoq;F kw;Wk; Fok;Gld; ed;F nghUj;jkhd cld; czthf ,Uf;fpd;wd. ed;ikfs;: rh;f;fiu> Gujk;> m];fhh;gpf; mkpyk; kw;Wk; gPNdhy; msT Mfpatw;wpd; mbg;gilapy; ,it ghjhk;> thy;el;fs; kw;Wk; Ke;jphpfis tpl cz;ikapy; rpwe;jitahf ,Uf;fpd;wd.
tpspk;gpg; gok; el;rj;jpu tbtk; jtpu> nghd;dpw kQ;rs; tpspk;gpg; gokhdJ Nfhilfhyj;ij Nehf;fp gUtk; khWk; NghJ mw;Gjkhf
tpspk;gpg; goj;jpy; Mf;]p[Ndw;w jLg;Gfs;> itl;lkpd; rp> itl;lkpd; gp> nghl;lhrpak;> jhkpuk; kw;Wk; ehh;r;rj;J Mfpait epiwe;J fhzg;gLfpd;wd kw;Wk; rh;f;fiu kw;Wk; mkpyq;fs; Fiwthf fhzg;gLfpd;wd ,e;jpa juprdk; | 86 | [dthp-khh;r;
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MuQ;R> khq;fha; kw;Wk; tpspk;gpg; gof; fyit Njitahd nghUl;fs;: 1 tpspk;gpg; gok;; 2 khq;fha;; 1 ̸ 2 MuQ;Rg; gok;; 3 Njf;fuz;b rh;f;fiu; 1 ̸ 4 Njf;fuz;b tWj;J miuj;j rPufk;; 1 ̸ 2 Njf;fuz;b ghiw cg;G;@ 3 Gj;Jzh;r;rpahd Gjpdh ,iyfs;; NkNy J}Ttjw;fhf $Ljyhd xd;W; xU rpl;bif cg;G.
nray;gLtJ ,jd; kw;nwhU gd;Kfg; gz;ghFk;. rl;dpahf jahh; nra;J my;yJ Ritahd ghdkhf jahhpj;J> rpW kpl;lhahf cUl;b kw;Wk; ghiw cg;G kw;Wk; gytw;Wld; Nrh;j;J ,ij fhahfNth my;yJ gokhfNth rhg;gplyhk;. jw;Nghija rikayiwfspy;> ,J ,dpg;Gfspy; xU RitA+l;Lk; fhuzpahf gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. ghuk;ghpakhd ,e;jpa rikay; vd;W tUk; NghJ> njd; ,e;jpahtpy; ,jd; Rthu];akhd Rit mk;rj;jpy; gy;NtW tifahd urk; jahhpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
nra;Kiw: ,uz;L khq;fha;fisAk; Njhy; chpj;J> Ntf itj;J> $ohf;fp jdpahf itj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. tpspk;gpg; goj;ij nky;ypa Jz;Lfshf eWf;fTk;> mjpy; fhy; gFjpia NkNy J}Ttjw;fhf jdpahf itj;Jf; nfhs;sTk;. MuQ;Rg; goj;ij tpijnaLj;J rhW gpopaTk;. $ohf;fpa khq;fha;> eWf;fpa tpspk;gpg; gok; kw;Wk; MuQ;Rg;go rhiw Nrh;j;J fyf;fTk;> mjd;gpd; rh;f;fiu> tWj;J nghb nra;ag;gl;l rPufk;> ghiw cg;G> Gjpdh ,iyfs;> tof;fkhd cg;G kw;Wk; Njitahd msT ePh; Nrh;f;fTk;. Gjpdh ,iy kw;Wk; tpspk;gpg; goj; Jz;Lfis NkNy J}tp Fsh;r;rpahf ghpkhwTk;.
ed;ikfs;: Mf;]p[Ndw;w jLg;Gfs;> itl;lkpd; rp> itl;lkpd; gp> nghl;lhrpak;> jhkpuk; kw;Wk; ehh;r;rj;J Mfpait epiwe;J fhzg;gLfpd;wd kw;Wk; rh;f;fiu kw;Wk; mkpyq;fs; Fiwthf fhzg;gLfpd;wd. gy Neha;fSf;F ,J xU rpwe;j tPl;L kUe;jhf ,Ue;J tUfpwJ.
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,e;jpa juprdk; | 88 | [dthp-khh;r;
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mjpfkhd mZfy;jd;ik fhuzkhf mjpNtf ,uapy; %yk; ,izf;fg;gLk; epiyaq;fs; mjpfkhd egh;fisAk;> njhopiyAk; kw;Wk; njhopw;rhiyfisAk; <h;f;Fk;
xU ehl;bd; Kd;Ndw;wj;ij jPh;khdpf;Fk; kpf Kf;fpakhd fhuzpfspy; Nghf;Ftuj;Jk; xd;whFk;. fhuzk; ,y;yhkyh ,J xU ehl;bd; 'caph;ehb" vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ. cyfpd; VohtJ kpfg; nghpa nghUshjhu ehlhd ,e;jpah ,g;NghJ cyfpNyNa mjpNtfkhf tsh;e;J tUk; ehlhf jd;id cUthf;fpAs;sJ. ,e;j tsh;r;rp tpfpjj;ijj; jf;fitj;Jf;nfhs;s> cs;fl;likg;G kw;Wk; Nghf;Ftuj;ij fl;likg;gjpy; ,e;jpa muR kpf mjpfkhf KjyPL nra;Js;sJ. fle;j ,UgJ Mz;Lfspy;> kpfg; nghpa ehd;F top Njrpa neLQ;rhiyj; jpl;lk;> mh;g;gzpf;fg;gl;l uapy; ruf;F eilf;$lk; kw;Wk; gy nkl;Nuh ,uapy; jpl;lq;fs; cl;gl gy nray;jpl;lq;fis Fwpg;ghf Nghf;Ftuj;J Jiwapy; muR nra;J tUfpwJ. eilngw;W tUk; ,e;j jpl;lq;fspd; xU gFjpahf> Kk;igiaAk; mfkjhghj;ijAk; ,izf;Fk;
,e;jpahtpd; Kjy; mjpNtf Gy;yl; ,uapy; jpl;lk; vd;w xU Gjpa jpl;lj;ij muR fle;j tUlk; Jtf;fpAs;sJ. 2017 nrg;lk;gh; 14 md;W rgh;kjp efhpy; itj;J ,e;jpahtpd; gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb kw;Wk; [g;ghd; gpujkh; \pd;Nrh mNg MfpNahuhy; ,e;j khngUk; jpl;lj;jpw;fhd mbf;fy; ehl;lg;gl;lJ. ,e;j jpl;lk; Fwpj;J Vuhskhd gugug;G fhzg;gLfpwJ kw;Wk; ,j;jpl;lj;jpd; ed;ikfs; kw;Wk; jPikfs; Fwpj;j tpthjq;fs; ,d;Dk; eilngw;Wf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wd. ,e;j Gy;yl; uapy; mjpf fl;lzk; nrYj;Jk; gazpfSf;fhdJ vd;w jtwhd fUj;ij njspTgLj;JtJ mtrpakhdJ vd;W ehd; epidf;fpNwd;. Vw;fdNt tpkhdj;jpy; gazk; nra;gth;fSf;Fk; ,J xU khw;W topahf gaDs;sjhf ,Uf;Fk; vd;gjw;F ve;j re;NjfKk; ,y;iy vd;whYk;> tpuhh;> Ngha;rhh;> thgp> ty;rhj;> gpypNkhuh> Mde;j;> ghUr; Nghd;w rpW efuq;fspy; cs;s eLj;ju th;f;fj;jpdh;fSf;Fk; kpfTk; gaDs;sjhf ,Uf;Fk;. mjpNtf uapy; epiyaq;fisf; nfhz;Ls;s> Fwpg;ghf ngU efuq;fs; kw;Wk; khefuhl;rpfspy; mike;Js;s gFjpfspy; nghUshjhu cw;gj;jpj;jpwdpd; gyd; mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk; vd [g;ghdpd; mjpNtf uapy;Nt Ma;Tfs; njhptpf;fpd;wd. vdNt> ,JNghd;w ,lq;fspy; ,Ue;J gazk; nra;Ak; gazpfs; Fiwthd gaz Neuj;jpd; Neubahd gaid ngWtJ kl;Lkpd;wp> ,e;j rpwpa efuq;fspd; re;ij tphpthf;fj;jpy; Gjpa ed;ikfisAk; cjtpfisAk; ngWthh;fs;. mjpfkhd mZfy;jd;ik fhuzkhf mjpNtf ,uapy; %yk; ,izf;fg;gLk; epiyaq;fs; mjpfkhd egh;fisAk;> njhopiyAk; kw;Wk; njhopw;rhiyfisAk; <h;f;Fk;> ,jd; tpisthf epyk; kw;Wk; nrhj;J kjpg;G mjpfhpf;Fk;. ,j;jpl;lk; nray;ghl;Lf;F te;jJk; mjpNtf ,uapy;Ntapd; rhjfkhd
[dthp-khh;r;
2018
| 89 |
w w w. i n d i a p e r s p e c t i v e s . i n
Kd;Ndw;wk;
fle;j tUlk; mfkjhghj;jpy; Gy;yl; ,uapy; jpl;lj;jpw;fhd epyj;ij Njhz;Lk; rlq;fpy; ,e;jpa gpujkh; eNue;jpu Nkhb kw;Wk; [g;ghdpa gpujkh; \pd;Nrh mNg
Gy;yl; ,uapyhdJ epyk; kw;Wk; nrhj;J re;ijapy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; gyd;fs; cz;ikapNyNa ghuhl;ilg; ngWk;> [g;ghdpd; xl;Lnkhj;j tsh;r;rpapy; mjpNtf ,uapy;Ntapd; rhjfkhd gyd;fis ek;khy; kWf;f KbahJ. ,e;jpahtpYk; ,Nj gyd; fpilf;Fk; vd;W vjph;ghh;f;fpNwhk;. nryT gFg;gha;T vd;gJ Vw;fdNt Vuhskhd Ma;T Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l xU jiyg;ghFk;> NkYk; [g;ghdplkpUe;J 0.1% tl;bapy; ,e;jpah ngw;w &gha; 88>000 Nfhb fld; gutyhf guhl;lg;gLfpwJ. cs;Shh; nghUshjhuj;jpy; mjpNtf ,uapy;Ntapd; nghpjhd gyd; vy;iyaw;wjhf ,Uf;Fk;. ,j;jpl;lj;jpw;F jpwikahd kw;Wk; XusT jpwik ngw;w gzpahsh;fs; mjpfstpy; Njitg;gLfpd;wdh;> ,jdhy; fl;Lkhdj;jpd; NghJ Ntiytha;g;Gfs; cUthFk;. ,J ,aq;fj; Jtq;fpa gpwF> Fiwthd gazj;jpd; Neub gad; mjpf cw;gj;jpiaAk; cw;gj;jpj;jpwidAk; mjpf ,e;jpa juprdk; | 90 | [dthp-khh;r;
2018
mstpy; nfhLf;Fk;. Gy;yl; ,uapyhdJ epyk; kw;Wk; nrhj;J re;ijapYk; Rw;Wyhj; JiwapYk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk;. epyj;ij ifafg;gLj;Jjy; vd;gJ tpthjpf;fg;gLk; kw;nwhU gpur;ridahFk;. epyk; vd;gJ kpf Kf;fpakhd ,aw;if MjhukhFk;> ,J ,e;jpahtpy; khngUk; rKjha> nghUshjhu kw;Wk; milahs xw;Wikia Vw;gLj;Jk; vd;W mjpNtf ,uapy; fhh;g;gNu\d; njhptpj;jJ. jpl;lj;jpd; Muk;g fl;lq;fspy;> ,uapy;Nt jz;lthsj;ij caukhd ,lj;jpy; fl;Ltjd; %yk; epyj;jpd; Njit Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ. mfkjhghj;Jf;Fk; Kk;igf;Fk; ,ilNaahd nkhj;j jz;lths J}uk; 508 fp.kP ,y; 92% (467 fp.kP) cauj;jpy; fl;lg;gLfpwJ. kPjKs;s 21 fp.kP Kk;igAk; mjd; Gwefh;g; gFjpiaAk; cs;slf;FfpwJ> ,q;F epyj;jpw;F mbapy; jz;lthsk; Nghl jpl;lkplg;gl;Ls;sJ. vdNt> epyj;jpd; NjitahdJ ngUkstpy; Fiwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. tof;fkhd ,uapy; jz;lthsq;fspy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; 3540 kPl;lh; mfyj;jpypUe;J 17.5 kPl;luhf Fiwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
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