Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University Architecture and Urban Planning
Aija Ziemeļniece. The Development of Cultural Historical Space as One of the Factors for the Preservation of Local Landscape Originality
2010
Volume 4
and part of the park have disappered from the courtyard. During the 80ties a 2-storied school has been built up to the building in a L-line planning in such a way to extend the oblong axis of the old building which cover the bottomland meadows of the both banks of Vircava river from the principal road for driving up. Unfortunately while transforming the function of the monument in the protection in the final lake zone behind which the historical space has been hidden. The new industrial zone has a characteristic large height which exceed the height of the lane trees. Its location 100 m from the parade countyard suppresses the expression of the principal sight lines from the lane. Lielplatone estate like Lielvircava has a long lane of old trees the expressiveness of which is emphasized by a small relief rise of the road. At the end of the road the lane converges with a huge landscape park stretching to the right bank of Platonīte. In the near sight line the huge crowns of the trees at the contrast of a wide agrolandscape surprise the spectators and invite in the park space. Lielplatone is one of the rare cultural historical structures having the old building scale of the contyard and tree groups as well as walk paths of the park, glades and principal sight lines, which has not lost harmony in the principal sight lines, because during the post war years the new village building has been located outside of the protection zone of monuments and does not compete visually. The northern part of park is at Platone river where the sight lines pass over to a wide landscape of field plain. From Lielplatone in the soulh direction 5km is Eleja estate ensemble which is the most expressive from Eleja highway parallel to the oblong axis of the landscape space composition. Its northern part begins with Vaitkūnu large farm building to which in the southerm part the composition oblong axis in the middle span is connected with a planted historical birch grove [3]. It is a uniting landscape element connecting with a tree group and including the zone of the estate place of burial the configuration of plan is made by regular geometric form grave system, as well as a pompons gate showing the entrance. To the northern part of the castle park (100 m long) there is a meadow where in far sight lines Sesava church and park silhouette of parsons estate are seen particularly expressive sight lines are in the plays of autumn colours. The oblong axis of the landscape composition includes the fourth part of the park, castle building and wide parade courtyard which in the southern part crosses with the lane cross axis. The further development in the southern part historically has beenn as a conneection to the forest landscape. The development load of Eleja building structure during the 60–80ties has removed the forest territory which at present forms a breach of the oblong axis of the historical composition which united the estate landscape with that of the forest. At present the southerm part of the estate ensemble is connected with the infrastructure of the town building, the scale of which is in a noticeable contrast with the next existing historical landscape. It is seen by the exaggerated width of the street at the estate cross lane next tto the elegant form of entrance semicircle of the parade contyard. In the sight line from Sesava church is seen the common composition axis of the large farm and the iestate. The most expressive sight lines are particularly picitoorial in the morning sun. The perception of the visually esthetic qualities of the landscape are suppressed by the location of agricultural production buildings in the foreground of
Fig. 4. Kroņvircava estate historical spatial structure and park next to the Vircava river.
Fig. 5. Elejas estate and Vaitkūnu estate historical development and park.
old bridge in the sight lines the western part of the park will be seen which at present in the sight perspectives from the river meadows is particularly beautiful in the light of the evening sun. The park has not suffered so dramatically as the other landscape of Svēte castle garden belonging to the dukedom, however the park composition has neffered by the road bed built in 1927. The new village building has not touched the zone of the historical monument and the development of the detail planning has been done radially from the castle centre to the outside. A similar cultural historical lanndscape having the building and park on the left bank of Vircava river is Lielvircava estate (4 km above from Kroņvircava) where a small continuation of a part of the landscape park on the opposite part of the river. An agrolandscape includes the estate building and a park on large areas which visually closely encircles the historical environment. A majestatic old tree lane approximately 1 km long help to feel the emotional expression of the cultural landscape on the largest scale which neeps in the axis of the composition the moment of intrique and surprise for perceiving the cultural historical space. The lane has no connection with the estate park but with the parade courtyard of the masters house the form and perimetral building of which have disappeared in the course of time. The tree and bushes groups providing the connection with the lane
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