2015 DEP 322-698 end of season report Dudley Pond by Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Surface Water Quality Committee March 27, 2016 Wayland Conservation Commission c/o Brian Monahan Town Building 41 Cochituate Road Wayland, MA 01778 Subject: Dudley Pond Order of Conditions (DEP 322-698) – 2015 End of Season Report *** FINAL DEP 322-698 REPORT *** Conditions:

MGL 131 §40 Wayland Ch. 194

#33 Post treatment season report. #13 Post treatment season report

Commissioners: Attached is the SWQC’s 2015 year-end report for Dudley Pond. This season, hand-pulling alone was used to control invasive weeds, but was not fully successful. This year we also continued our Dudley Pond water quality sampling program – a summary of findings is included, and three reports for 2015 are provided as an appendix. SWQC and the Health Department continued a 12 week e-coli sampling program at Mansion Beach. SWQC urged the Board of Health to adopt more stringent pumping and inspection of septic systems in proximity to water bodies. Eurasian Milfoil was difficult in 2015 and divers were not able to hand-pull all areas. Tapegrass has spread throughout the shore areas. An end-of-season weed survey was performed by Aquatic Control Technologies (now SOLitude) and is provided as an appendix. In 2016 we expect to treat portions of Dudley Pond with Sonar after a spring survey under our new order of conditions DEP 322-859. DEP 322-698 and our Chapter 194 permit were issued in March of 2008 for three years. The Permit Extension Act extended our permits through 2015. This is our final report under DEP 322-698. Best regards,

Michael P. Lowery, Applicant Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

DEP 332-698 Dudley Pond

2015

WSWQC member Mike Lowery gives status update during Dudley Pond Run

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee End of Season & FINAL Report for Dudley Pond

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................................. 3 2008-2015 COST COMPARISONS & HERBICIDE TREATMENT YEARS VS NON-TREATMENT YEARS .......................... 4 2015 HAND-PULLING – ........................................................................................................................................... 5 2011 - 2015 HAND-PULLING COMPARISONS .......................................................................................................... 6 2015 END OF SEASON TAPEGRASS AND NATIVE SPECIES ....................................................................................... 8 2015 END OF SEASON MILFOIL............................................................................................................................... 9 2015 PROBLEMS, HANDICAPS, & ISSUES .............................................................................................................. 10 2015 HERBICIDE RESIDUALS TESTING ................................................................................................................... 11 2015 LONG TERM HERBICIDE MINIMIZATION PROGRESS .................................................................................... 12 2015 WATER QUALITY TESTING ........................................................................................................................... 13 2015 E-COLI TESTING ........................................................................................................................................... 16 2015 COST & INVOICE RECAP ............................................................................................................................... 19 2016 SEASON PLANS ............................................................................................................................................ 20 2016 EXPECTED COSTS & FUNDING...................................................................................................................... 21 APPENDICES LIST ................................................................................................................................................. 21

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

SUMMARY The 2015 hand-pulling program was not fully successful at milfoil suppression Accomplishments:  2015 Hand-pulling: Kept Eurasian Water Milfoil under control. o 80 diver/snorkeler hours of hand pulling o 20,043 plants hand pulled o $10,110 spent (before DPA cost share)      

Funding: Continued 25% shared funding with the DPA whose members care deeply about Dudley Pond and who directly enjoy its benefits. Minimized chemical treatment through continued hand-pulling. Continued consensus for limiting herbicide with goals and programs to minimize its use. Continued monitoring beach safety Completed annual testing for detection of both fluridone and triclopyr in Happy Hollow wells #1 and #2. Continued Water Quality sampling & analysis 3x in 3 locations

Yearend status:  Partly Impaired. Observations:  Some floating algal mats early in the year  Tapegrass present on most shorelines, very dense in some areas.  Shorter than normal growing season.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2008-2015 Cost comparisons & Herbicide Treatment Years vs non-treatment years

After the whole lake treatment in 2008, two years later a spot treatment was done in 2010. The next spot treatment was three years later in 2013 – achieving a goal of lengthening the periods between herbicide treatments. No herbicide was used in 2014, or 2015 – another three hear no-herbicide interval, but herbicide will be necessary in 2016.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2015 HAND-PULLING – Pulling began in early May. Divers updated an internet map and data sheet. Notes were kept by location on plant sizes, ‘seeing’ conditions, water temperature, and other diver observations. These on-line notes and map keep divers, spotters, and management updated. Mid-season, divers were complaining about plucking small milfoil plants from masses of tapegrass. By season end tapegrass has come on strong – and dislodged floating mats were removed to prevent further spread. Ted Fiust and Allison LaClaire were again our principal divers. Both are very familiar with Dudley Pond during prior seasons. Ted’s firm Aquatic Vision was not able to supply significant resources during parts of the season. Dave Poole, pond abutter joined Allison for late season work in cold water. We did not have a paid summer intern in 2015 as we did in 2014 – this was a mistake because we missed having eyes on many parts of the pond.

Allison LaClaire & Ted Fiust

Milfoil Hand Pulling – start and end dates 2011 - 2015 Hand Pull started Hand Pull ended #Days in season

2011 5/5 9/11 130

2012 4/24 11/6 197

2013 4/15 10/10 179

2014 5/27* 10/6 133

2015 5/4 10/6 156

2014* Algae mats removed 5/6, 5/7, and 6/11

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2011 - 2015 HAND-PULLING Comparisons In 2011 –

10,485 EWM plants removed

In 2012 –

38,191 EWM plants removed

In 2013 –

44,699 EWM plants removed – an all-time record.

In 2014 –

2,744 EWM plants removed – lowest in years. 163 gallons of algal mat removed (6/2 – 6/9) 98 cu. ft. of tapegrass removed (10/3-10/6)

In 2015 -

20,043 EWM plans removed.

To pond users on the surface, there were impediments to use – both milfoil and tape grass. Milfoil tops with seeds did not appear above the surface. By the end of the season, in some areas south of Dudley Road peninsula, tapegrass was too thick to pass through.. MILFOIL – suppressed but not under control at the end of 2015 Although we pulled 20,043 plants we did not keep up with pulling in the Chateau (SE) arm nor in the Mansion Beach arm. We were unable to obtain the diver resources we needed and did not act fast enough to replace them.

Interactive, clickable map at: https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/edit?mid=z3RpSdSJOh4M.kJopq4O1EApM

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

TAPEGRASS – growing problem Vallisneria Americana, aka tapegrass, or eel grass has become even more prominent by the end of 2015. Tapegrass has taken over beds where milfoil used to predominate. First spotted in 2010 South of the peninsula in the Chateau arm, it has spread there and now forms thick mats making boating and swimming problematic. It can spread by seeds but mostly through its rhizomes – runners in the sediments. It has spread to most shorelines, interferes with milfoil hand pulling, is a hazard to swimmers, and interferes with recreational uses.

Tapegrass mat on Dudley Pond

TAPEGRASS – what management was possible? We removed floating mats, but pulling is not in our Order of Conditions, so no other action was taken. Unlike Eurasian Milfoil, tapegrass is considered a native plant and brings some benefits to the ecosystem. But even natives can become nuisance vegetation – the DEP now recognizes this. Per Tom Flannery, Mass DCR Lakes and Ponds group (2012): “This [tapegrass] isn’t listed as an invasive, but I have seen it get a little out of control on a rare occasion. Sounds like that’s what you have going on. It can be especially dense late summer as it goes through the reproductive cycle. It’s usually considered beneficial and I’ve heard it intentionally planted for habitat. I’ve never heard of a chemical treatment for this particular plant, but the root system is very shallow making it a good candidate for hand-pulling and/or dash.”

We mapped it in 2014 and 2015 and will request authorization to control it by harvesting plant tops to 1.5 ft from the bottom, and collecting floating mounds.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond â&#x20AC;&#x201C; DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2015 END OF SEASON Tapegrass and Native Species Tapegrass had spread considerably by the end of the season, and was especially plentiful in the Chateau (SE) arm. It was considerably more troublesome for swimmers and boaters than in 2014

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond â&#x20AC;&#x201C; DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2015 END OF SEASON milfoil We realized at the end of the season that significant stands of milfoil remained, and also that tapegrass was significantly affecting recreational uses. We hired Aquatic Control Technology (now SOLitude) to perform a weed survey on October 15th.

The full survey report of milfoil, pondweed, and native species with accompanying recommendations can be found in APPENDIX D.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2015 PROBLEMS, HANDICAPS, & ISSUES 

New Species Spreading: Tapegrass (significant, surveyed) and Clasping Leaf Pondweed (noted, not widespread)



E-coli levels at Mansion Beach peaked once requiring closure – average below that in 2014



Diver availability: One of our diving vendors did not provide sufficient hours in the mid and late summer. Management was slow to recognize growth in these areas. More ‘spotter’ for is planned in 2016.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond â&#x20AC;&#x201C; DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2015 HERBICIDE RESIDUALS TESTING Neither Fluridone nor triclopyr were detected in Happy Hollow water samples. Since the first use of fluridone in 2008, SWQC has, as required by its order of conditions, taken raw water samples from the Happy Hollow wells and tested for herbicide residuals. No detectable concentrations have been found. On July 14th, 2015 we took samples of raw water from the Happy Hollow wells, and sent them to SePRO for testing. One returned test reported 1.0 ug/L fluridone. We contacted SePro who rechecked their results and provided a corrected report. Both reports are in Appendix C We will continue this testing in 2016.

Happy Hollow Well Approx. 3300' from closest point on Dudley Pond, but connected by Dudley Brook.

Test reports are in Appendix C.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2015 LONG TERM HERBICIDE MINIMIZATION PROGRESS Our long term goal is to continue to reduce the viable root mass through hand-pulling and spot treatment when and where necessary. We have made good progress away from a boom-bust cycle toward year to year management and herbicide minimization. 

Two years between the full lake fluridone treatment in 2008 and the first triclopyr spot treatment in 2010.



Three years between the 2010 triclopyr spot treatment and the 2013 triclopyr spot treatment.



Three years between the 2013 triclopyr spot treatment and 2016.

Fluridone treatment anticipated in 2016 with a formulation which allows problem areas to receive more effective initial treatment (and thus less overall chemical). As we have done in years past, herbicide treatment will be contained in Dudley Pond by sandbagging the outlet until herbicide concentrations have substantially dissipated. As in years past, we will continue to do hand pulling of milfoil as necessary.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2015 WATER QUALITY TESTING Begun in 2011, in 2015 the SWQC did three rounds of water quality sampling – where samples were taken at 3 points. Samples were taken in April, August, and November.

Using a Secchi disk and YSI meter, barometric pressure, pH, ORP, Dissolved Oxygen, Temperature were taken at three depths per point. Water samples were analyzed by an analytical lab for total P, soluble P, Ammonia, Nitrate/Nitrite, Nitrogen, and Chlorophyll a. Using the Carlson Trophic index, Dudley Pond has been on the margin between mesotrophic and eutrophic since 1978. Spring Highlights:  Due to late ice out and schedule conflicts, the sampling on April 21, 2015 was approximately one 



month later than in past years The Secchi depths found on April 21, 2014 were better than last year but worse than during the Spring samplings done in 2011, 2012 and 2013. Based on the trophic state indexes (TSI) shown below the water quality found on April 21, 2015 was well within the mesotrophic range. Pond water quality in the mesotrophic range (37 – 53) is acceptable for recreational purposes.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

Date April 4, 2011 March 18, 2012 March 24, 2013 April 2, 2014 April 21, 2015

TSI 31 - 49 39 - 47 35 - 43 39 - 54 41 - 46

Chlorophyll a 2.72 – 3.99 ppb 1.98 – 4.62 ppb 1.39 – 4.46 ppb 2.24 – 5 ppb 0.74 – 4.53 ppb

Secchi Depth 12’ 1” 12’ 6” 14’ 4” 5’6” – 9’2” 11’ 6”

Total Phosphorus 10 – 40 ppb 10 – 20 ppb Non-detect 10 – 20 ppb Non-detect

Summer Highlights: 

Based the Trophic State Index and on a number of parameters shown below the water quality found on August 3, 2015 the one of best measured so far and was much better than August 24, 1981.

TSI *  Date August 24, 1981 49 - 54 Sept. 11, 2011 44 - 48 August 5, 2012 48 - 52 August 5, 2013 43 - 48 August 3, 2014 47 - 53 August 3, 2015 42 - 46 * Above the thermocline (~ 12 feet) **Contaminated samples

Chlorophyll a * 7.0 4.41 – 6.3 ppb 2.9 – 17.29 ppb 4.65 – 13.03 ppb 7.48 – 10.83 ppb 2.81 – 6.56 ppb

Secchi Depth 2.1’ 9.83’ 6.75’ 10.75’ 8.24’ 10.67’

Total Phosphorus* 30 ppb ND ND 20 ppb ** ND 0.04 ppb**

Fall Highlights: 

The water quality found on November 16, 2015 was the best November water quality of the last four years, based on TSI values, and is largely the result of very good visibility (Secchi Depth) in the water column.

Date Nov 16, 2015 Nov 12, 2014 Nov 15, 2013 Nov 11, 2012 Nov 13, 2011 Nov 18, 2007

TSI 26 - 43 47 - 48 49 - 51 42 - 46 42 - 44 -

Chlorophyll a ppb 0.39 – 3.29 4 – 6.3

4.24 – 9.79 2.2 – 4.6 2.6 – 6.6 -

Secchi Depth 4.39 m (14.5ft) 2.73 m (9 ft) 2.12 m (7 ft) 3.4 m (11.25 ft) 3.4 m (11.25 ft) 2.85 m (9.4 ft)

Total Phosphorus ND ND ND ND 0 – 0.01 ppm -

On the next page is a graphical representation of the water clarity, chlorophyll and phosphorus combined to show the ‘trophic’ state of Dudley Pond – the chart uses November data.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond â&#x20AC;&#x201C; DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

Three season reports are in Appendix B.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2015 E-COLI TESTING HISTORY: After a leaking septic system was noted near the pond in 2011, in cooperation with the Health Department, SWQC organized periodic testing for e-coli. Samples are collected and analyzed per state protocols for beaches. At one points in 2015 the state limits were exceeded at Mansion Beach, and the beach was closed by the Health Department, based on state beach standards. This was thought to have more to do with waterfowl and dogs. Peaks can be exaggerated by rain evens which wash animal waste into the water. Since starting the sampling, there were  No exceedances in 2012  one exceedance in 2013  two exceedances in 2014  one exceedance in 2015 Average CFU/100ml over sampling years:  2012 - 25  2013 - 66  2014 – 188  2015 - 99

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond â&#x20AC;&#x201C; DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

In 2012 to 2015 - DPA volunteer Lisa Newton took samples at Mansion Beach for analysis by the Health Departmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s state-certified lab.

2012 e-Coli Levels - Mansion Beach 250

200 150

CFU/100ml 100

Danger CFU/100ml

50 0 5/23/2012

6/23/2012

7/23/2012

8/23/2012

A peak count of 244 on 6/2/13 was repeated 6/5/13 at 136, under the state limit.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond â&#x20AC;&#x201C; DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2015 COST & INVOICE RECAP

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2016 SEASON PLANS Well Sampling: We will continue annual spring tests of water from the Happy Hollow wells for fluridone and triclopyr. Samples will be analyzed by SePRO, and copies of test reports will be provided to the Conservation Commission, the DPW, and Board of Health. Hand-pulling: Hand-pulling will continue, likely at a lower level than 2015. We will use part time summer labor to help set and remove markers and assist divers from the surface, and assist with collection of tapegrass fragments. Herbicide: We anticipate herbicide spot treatment in 2016. Water Quality Testing: We will continue a 3x per season water quality sampling and testing plans begun in Dudley Pond in 2011. Mansion Beach eColi monitoring – We will continue to collaborate with the Health Department to monitor eColi levels at Mansion beach weekly during the swim season. Storm water – New MS4 permit requirements are expect to go into effect soon. SWQC will collaborate with Conservation and DPW to inspect and evaluate the condition of manholes and catch basins and perform water quality analysis. Research & actions to reduce nutrients SWQC has prepared a flyer for homeowners urging them to pump their septic systems. It will be distributed in 2016. Dudley Pond is still a category 5 (most impaired) due to high nutrient levels. In 2010-2011 WSWQC created the East Dudley Area Study Committee, and has developed a householdlevel septic model to identify likely high-nutrient contributors. We will continue to press the Board of Health for mandatory septic system inspections.

Because our OOC has ended, we will seek our Certification of Compliance for DEP 322-698. We will submit a Notice of Intent with substantially the same management strategy for Eurasian water milfoil (myriophyllum spicatum) and adding clasping-leaf and curly leaf pondweeds (potamogeton perfoliatus, potamogeton crispus). We will seek permission for manual controls on tapegrass (vallisneria spiralis) over specified densities and heights.

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

Dudley Pond – DEP 332-698 2015 End of Season & FINAL Report

2016 EXPECTED COSTS & FUNDING WSWQC has budgeted  $44,000 for Dudley Pond herbicide treatment during the 2015 season (partly in FY15, partly in FY16).  $4,000 analytical lab costs for water chemistry and herbicide residue testing  $15,000 - $20,000 for diver hand pulling and mechanical tapegrass cutting. Unspent funds are returned to the town at the end of each fiscal year. WSWQC has accumulated over $30,000 from prior DPA reimbursements. Substantially all of that will be used this year for herbicide treatment The Dudley Pond Association has indicated that it will continue to provide a 25% match of monies spent suppressing milfoil in Dudley Pond, partly offsetting the town’s costs.

APPENDICES LIST A

2015 DP Hand Pulling & Survey Maps

2015 DP Water Quality Sampling Reports

2015 Herbicide Residuals Test Results

2015 Season End ACT weed Survey

Wayland Surface Water Quality Committee

2015 Dudley Pond Hand Pulling

DEP 622-398

name 2015-06-14-AL

description In western lilies and near culvert

Activity diving

Date 6/14/2015

Viz-Ft 5

W-temp-F 73

HRS 2.5

#S 35

#M 80

#L 0

#F 0

2015-06-14-AL

diving

6/14/2015

2015-06-23-AL

MF tangled in lilies and small groups growing near culvert in middl of lilies

Darack Cove

2.5

diving

6/23/2015

2015-06-24-AL

just off Coffee Connection hse. Thunderstorm One grouping 40

Turtle Sea

diving

2015-04-26-AL

ft off Johnson dock. Najas dying around MF 1 scattered group

6/24/2015

Turtle Sea

near the outlet weir and 2nd group near in L MF found

diving

4/26/2015

outlet

diving

7/6/2015

Darack Cove

3.5

2015-07-07-AL

lilies at mouth of cove w/ school of baby big mouth Scattered tall

diving

7/7/2015

Turtle Sea

1.5

2015-07-07-AL

plants b/t 20-40 ft off shoreline. Usuallarge places One MF

diving

7/7/2015

Lowery Hub

2.5

2015-07-08-AL

patch blended w/ tape grass off Olgetree MF scattered

diving

7/8/2015

Olin Cove

2015-07-08-AL

closer to 30 ft from shore than middle 1 lg MFand patch off

diving

7/8/2015

North Transect

2015-07-10-AL

Swan point. Very poor viz. Assessedafter area scouting

Diving

7/10/2015

Outlet

0.5

2015-07-06-AL

Initials Surface Initials AL Darack Cove

finding 1 L plant.

1/9

11:58 AM

2015 Dudley Pond Hand Pulling name 2015-07-10-AL

DEP 622-398

2015-07-10-AL

description clearing scattered MF from Little Darack. 1 grp found 1 MF grpon

Activity diving

Date 7/10/2015

Initials Surface Initials AL Little Darack Cove

Viz-Ft 3

W-temp-F 78

HRS 1.5

#S 26

#M 30

#L 10

#F 8

diving

7/10/2015

Lowery Hub

2015-07-13-AL

off of Ormondes next door neighbors. Found Follow a line of

diving

7/13/2015

Turtle Sea

2015-07-14-AL

scattered MF about 30 ft off shoreline. more MF spotted

diving

7/14/2015

Turtle Sea

2015-07-14-AL

near shore and in middle of lily pad off Coffee spotted MF at

diving

7/14/2015

Outlet

2.5

2015-07-17-AL

Bayfield pipe. W/ such poor viz, having survey Poor viztow/ boat

diving

7/17/2015

outlet

2015-07-18-AL

scan so underwater scanned. Most scan outlet.

diving

7/18/2015

outlet

2015-07-23-AL

Plants mostly near shore line of weir outlet, 2 spots, 1 grp off

diving

7/23/2015

outlet

2015-07-23-AL

Lucy's shore on Bayfield side, andplants 1 grp found at No

diving

7/23/2015

North Transect

1.5

2015-07-24-AL

swimming through TS. 3 lg grpsgrp, found in 3rd >150

diving

7/24/2015

North Transect

100

2015-07-30-AL

plants cleared. Only 1 plant seen from surface. assessing area

diving

7/30/2015

Turtle Sea

known for past plant growth but only found 5 MF,

2/9

11:58 AM

2015 Dudley Pond Hand Pulling name 2015-07-31-AL

DEP 622-398

2015-07-31-AL

description 2 plants near lilies at Island hse then 3 diff MF grpsfound in 1 patch off

Activity diving

Date 7/31/2015

Initials Surface Initials AL North Transect

Viz-Ft 5

W-temp-F 84

HRS 3

#S 111

#M 125

#L 4

#F 10

diving

7/31/2015

Turtle Sea/Olin Cove

2015-07-31-AL

swan point. scanned area around. BADalong 2 MF found

diving

7/31/2015

outlet

2015-08-03-AL

Priscilla Path shoreline. Rest found 30-80 survey outlet.ft off

diving

8/3/2015

outlet

2015-08-03-AL

Individual MF found scattered. 1 Lg, branchy survey TS in on

diving

8/3/2015

Turtle Sea

2015-08-10-AL

areas not visited and known growing MF foundareas. in

diving

8/10/2015

Lowery Hub

2015-08-10-AL

known locations. Visited other locations and 3 plants seen

diving

8/10/2015

outlet

2015-08-13-AL

from surface near lilies at outlet weir. Rest 1 MF 50 ft off

diving

8/10/2015

outlet

2015-08-14-AL

Priscilla Path shoreline, 2 small grpings 1 lg grp near of s & m

diving

8/14/2015

outlet

2015-08-14-AL

of ~55 MF 50ft off Molly's dock and heading and MF scattered

diving

8/14/2015

Olin Cove

2015-08-24-AL

small/med. Clasping leaf choking 87 plantsnorthern

diving

8/24/2015

Darack Cove

125

110

scattered in main part of cove. 178 found in area

3/9

11:58 AM

2015 Dudley Pond Hand Pulling name 2015-09-02-AL

DEP 622-398

2015-09-03-AL

description grp of 10 plants near northeast lilies near rock outlet, 30from scanned

Activity diving

Date 9/2/2015

Initials Surface Initials AL outlet

Viz-Ft 6

W-temp-F 82

HRS 5

#S 103

#M 55

#L 38

#F 10

diving

9/3/2015

Turtle Sea

5.5

2015-09-07-AL

middle to the north ofTS from boat 2then back to saw plants and

diving

9/7/2015

Outlet

2015-09-07-AL

came up w/ 27. One grping b/t lily patches towards knock down 1st

diving

9/7/2015

Lowery Hub

100

150

220

2015-09-08-AL

real MF forest (2 patches and scattered Tall MF, near

diving

9/8/2015

Lowery Hub

200

2015-09-09-AL

scattered and in patches of 1050+ along Took out lgthe MF

diving

9/9/2015

Lowery Hub

4.5

200

180

2015-09-09-AL

forest (490 plants) in middle eastern side of scanned area,

diving

9/9/2015

North transect

0.5

2015-09-15-AL

esp picked area a mn ago. So far little branchy regrowth.w/ 523

diving

9/15/2015

Chat cove

180

160

135

2015-09-16-AL

seed-pod topped MF blended in the thick Scattered

diving

9/16/2015

Chat cove

5.5

115

130

125

2015-09-17-AL

individual and small patches of MF. 1/3 of theSW cont to push

diving

9/17/2015

chat cove

140

180

130

2015-09-18-AL

into pond. Lot's of patches of 425 plants. Cont cont to cover the

diving

9/18/2015

Chat cove

5.5

120

160

eastern part of chat cove. Scattered

4/9

11:58 AM

2015 Dudley Pond Hand Pulling name 2015-09-21-DP

DEP 622-398

2015-09-21-AL

description diving to clear Rocky Cove. Scattered plants and 2 fighting diving from

diving

9/21/2015

Rocky Cove and Fiust Cove

3.5

100

140

2015-09-23-DP

Rocky cove (40 MF) into Fiust Cove (354 MF). finishing Rocky

diving

9/23/2015

Fiust and Rocky Cove

120

100

2015-09-24-AL

Cove and onto a big patch in middle of Fiust clearing

diving

9/24/2015

Fiust Cove

3.5

120

140

2015-09-24-DP

scattered and large patches of MF from diving lg cove.

diving

9/24/2015

Fiust Cove

140

120

2015-09-25-AL

patches/forests of MF in center to western edge cont finding lg of

diving

9/25/2015

Fiust Cove

4.5

100

230

300

124

2015-09-25-DP

patches of dense MF plants. Some plants >10 stems fighting to pull

diving

9/25/2015

Fiust Cove around Ted Williams Point

100

250

300

2015-09-28-DP

through dense patches and forests of lg, tall, attacking

diving

9/28/2015

South Transect

125

130

200

2015-09-28-AL

thick, tall (10-12 ft) seed-top MF forest.2, Only found tall,able

diving

9/28/2015

South Transect

100

200

2015-09-28-DP

thick, seed-top forest. Dave hit one while after bag I

diving

9/28/2015

2.5

100

2015-09-28-AL

dumping, dove off the point to a thick dumping patch. Filled after

Chat Middle Cove

diving

2015-09-28

Middle Chat Cove

100

bags, refilled them in a patch just off the point

5/9

Activity diving

Date 9/21/2015

Initials Surface Initials DP Rocky Point Cove

Viz-Ft 10

W-temp-F 72

HRS 3

#S 12

#M 32

#L 5

#F 10

11:58 AM

2015 Dudley Pond Hand Pulling name 2015-09-29-DP

2015-09-29-AL

description revisiting same forest. Working around the edges. away at chipping

2105-10-01-AL

Forest. 12 ft multistemmed and easily picking a few

DEP 622-398 Activity diving

Date 9/29/2015

Initials Surface Initials DP South Transect

Viz-Ft 12 ft

W-temp-F 68

HRS 3.5

#S 120

#M 100

#L 150

#F 80

diving

9/29/2015

South Transect

150

200

120

diving

10/1/2105

outlet

0.5

diving

10/1/2105

Turtle Sea

0.5

plants on way out to forest. 2105-10-01-AL

2105-10-01-AL

picking last area. few small to med, 1 stemmed plants, 55area. air finishing

diving

10/1/2105

North Transect

0.5

2105-10-01-AL

New growth of 1 stemmed, small to med size picking scattered

diving

10/1/2105

Lowery Hub

2105-10-01-DP

plants. Mostly 1 stemmed, branchypatch med to cleared in

diving

10/1/2105

Lowery Hub

2105-10-01-DP

middle then picked on the waythe to forest. the North hit No

diving

10/1/2105

South Transect

2.5

100

200

diving

10/1/2105

South Transect

100

10/6/2015

dent made in the density 2105-10-01-AL

50x50 ft Forest

found another patch near forest. Thick ~8x10 in size. Smaller Dense grouping

of MF 50x50 w/ plants scattered near by. packed 25x25 MF Forest Densely grouping of 12 ft tall plants. Dave Poole and I

6/9

11:58 AM

2015 Dudley Pond Hand Pulling name description 30x30 MF Forest scattering of plants almost connecting 2 12rising ft tall 20x20 MF Large forests. seed tops Patch 2015-10-06-AL

above water in this patch. Not as tightly packed scattered grpsas of

2015-10-06-DP

MF. Branchy, easily fragmenting big patch b/t 1st

INVOICE 11/07

dock and Jackson's dock. Scattered plants

DEP 622-398 Activity

Date 10/6/2015

Initials Surface Initials AL

Viz-Ft

W-temp-F

HRS

10/6/2015

diving

10/6/2015

Mansion Cove

100

120

diving

10/6/2015

Mansion Cove

100

74.5

1857

2806

2906

1158 8727

SEASON TOTAL ALLISON

171.5

3507

4705

4146

1636 13994

7/9

11:58 AM

2015 Dudley Pond Hand Pulling

DEP 622-398

Name Activity 015-06-30 Looking for plants from Surface searching TF(MM) surface outboard boat Survey

Notes

Date Initials Surface Location VX Wtemp 6/30/2015 TF (MM) All around the pond 8 -very na calm water on surface

HRS 2

#S 0

#M 0

#L 0

#F 2

2015-06- Search and Pick 29 TF(MM)

Search and Pick

6/29/2015 TF

(MM)

Chateau to Dudley Point

6 na

2015-07- Picked 294 milfoil 06 TF(MM)

Picked 294 milfoil

7/6/2015 TF

(MM)

Mansion Arm

7 na

150

100

2015-07- Handpulling in Filurin 07 Cove TF(MM)

Handpulling in Filurin Cove

7/7/2015 TF

(MM)

Filurin Cove

7 na

100

353

2015-07- pulled milfoil in Filurin 08 Cove TF(MM)

pulled milfoil in Filurin Cove

7/8/2015 TF

Filurin Cove

7 na

3.5

400

300

200

125

2015-0709 TF (MM) Handpulling on shore swim

Pulled as I swam the basic shore at six foot depth while Mike tossed buoys ahead. This completes an entire handpulling swim in the periphery of "our" area.

7/9/2015 TF

Miller Cove to Mansion Beach

7 na

4.5

300

100

2015-07- Handpulling in Filurin 10 TF Cove (MM)

Cleaned up the area. It appears that almost all the milfoil is gone from the hotspots in Filurin Cove.

7/10/2015 TF

(MM)

Filurin Cove

7 na

3.5

200

100

103

2015-07- Handpull milfoil in 13 Peters Cove TF(MM)

Handpull milfoil

7/13/2015 TF

(MM)

Peters Cove

4 na

1.5

2015-07- handpull off Rocky 14 Point and Miller Cove TF(MM)

found hotspots off Rocky Point as per years past

7/14/2015 TF

(MM)

Rocky Point and Miller Cove and Southeast Chat Cove

3 na

2.5

7/21/2015 TF

(MM)

Chat Cove to Rocky Point

3.5 na

3.5

130

2015-07- Handpulling in Chat Handpulling in known 20 Cove and off Rocky hotspots TF(MM) Point. Water clarity was awful due to several times worse algae of many types in the water.

1/2

3/27/2016

2015 Dudley Pond Hand Pulling

DEP 622-398

Name Activity Notes Date Initials Surface Location 2015-07- Handpull off Rocky Handpull off Rocky Point 7/21/2015 TF (MM) Rocky Point 21 Point - nasty hotspot TF(MM)

VX Wtemp 5 na

HRS 4

#S 200

#M 100

#L 200

#F 92

4.5

150

250

101

2015-07- Handpulling 661 milfoil Handpulling in Mansion 24 and Mike found forest Beach arm TF(MM) hotspot in deep water off Mansion Beach. Picked fairly clean.

7/24/2015 TF

(MM)

Mansion Beach arm

7 na

2015-07- Handpulling in Filurin 27 Cove. Hotspot looking TF(MM) good now. Just some leftovers and some small ones in deep water.

Handpulling Filurin Cove.

7/27/2015 TF

(MM)

Filurin Cove

6 na

2015-08- handpulling off Rocky 09 TF Pt. Algae puffs of light green cover all the bottom out from Miller Cove to the middle of the handpulling area.

handpulling

Locus directly south of Chat Cove and west of Rocky Point

5 na

2.5

120

100

8/9/2015 TF

3 100

2015-08- Handpulling at Mansion Handpulling at Mansion 19 Cove. Some large Cove TF(MM) plants, but not overly dense.

8/19/2015 TF

From Doran house to boathouse

5 na

2015-09- Handpulling in Chat 14 Cove eastern shore. TF(MM) Some large plants found

9/14/2015 TF

Chat Cove eastern shore

10 na

150

240

250

1940

1650

1786

671

TOTALS

2/2

Handpulling

6047

3/27/2016

RECEIVED 7/20/2015

16013 Watson Seed Farm Road, Whitakers, NC 27891

Chain of Custody:

2015-46591-00

Accreditation #: 777497

LABORATORY REPORT

Page 1 of 1 Total

Customer Company

Customer Contact

Company Name:

Aquatic Control Tech Inc

Contact Person:

Marc Bellaud

Address:

11 John Road

E-Mail Address:

mbellaud@aquaticcontroltech.com

Sutton, MA 01590-2509

Phone:

(508) 865-1000

Fax: Waterbody Information Waterbody:

Dudley Pond - MA

Sample Information Sample Lab ID Location 38823 HH1-T

Waterbody Size (acres): 86.00

Test Method

Sampling Date

Sampling Temp at Time Receipt (C)

07/15/2015 Renovate/Triclopyr (µg/L) SOP: FAST 02

38824

Results

Depth Average: 8.0

< 1.00

HH2-T

07/15/2015 Renovate/Triclopyr (µg/L) SOP: FAST 02

< 1.00

ANALYSIS STATEMENTS: SAMPLE RECEIPT /HOLDING TIMES: All samples arrived in an acceptable condition and were analyzed within prescribed holding times in accordance with the SRTC Laboratory Sample Receipt Policy unless otherwise noted in the report. PRESERVATION: Samples requiring preservation were verified prior to sample analysis and any qualifiers will be noted in the report. QA/QC CRITERIA: All analyses met method criteria, except as noted in the report with data qualifiers. ACCREDITED METHODS: This laboratory is not accredited for the tests marked "‡" COMMENTS: No significant observations were made unless noted in the report. MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY: Uncertainty of measurement has been accounted for with regards to determination of compliance of instruments used for analysis; uncertainty measurements are available upon request. Laboratory Information 07/16/2015 Date Received: Time Received: 11:00am Date Results Sent: 07/20/2015

Date Analysis Performed:

07/20/2015

Disclaimer: The results listed within this Laboratory Report relate only to the samples tested in the laboratory. The analyses contained in this report were performed in accordance with the applicable certifications as noted. All soil samples are reported on a dry weight basis unless otherwise noted in the report. This Laboratory Report is confidential and is intended for the exclusive use of SRTC Laboratory and its client. This report shall not be reproduced, except in full, without written permission from SRTC Laboratory. The Chain of Custody is included and is an essential component of this report. This entire report was reviewed and approved for release.

Reviewed By: Quality Control Analyst CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This electronic transmission (including any files attached hereto) may contain information that is privileged, confidential and protected from disclosure. The information is intended only for the use of the individual or entity named above and is subject to any confidentiality agreements with such party. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient or any employee or agent responsible for delivering the message to the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any disclosure, dissemination, copying, distribution, or the taking of any action in reliance on the contents of this confidential information is strictly prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please destroy it immediately and notify the sender by telephone. Thank you

u_labresults21 Deacom version: 14.5.70

Original

RECEIVE 7/20/2015

16013 Watson Seed Farm Road, Whitakers, NC 27891

Chain of Custody:

Accreditation #: 777497

LABORATORY REPORT

2015-46592-00

Customer Company

Customer Contact

Company Name:

Aquatic Control Tech Inc

Contact Person:

Marc Ballaud

Address:

11 John Road

E-Mail Address:

info@aquaticcontroltech.com

Sutton, MA 01590-2509

Phone:

(508) 865-1000

Page 1 of 1 Total

Fax: Waterbody Information Waterbody:

Dudley Pond - MA

Sample Information Sample Lab ID Location 38821 HH1-F

Waterbody Size (acres): 86.00

Test Method

Sampling Date

Sampling Temp at Time Receipt (C)

07/15/2015 Sonar/Fluridone (µg/L) SOP: FAST 10

38822

Results

Depth Average: 8.0

< 1.00

HH2-F

07/15/2015 Sonar/Fluridone (µg/L) SOP: FAST 10

1.0

Date Analysis Performed:

07/20/2015

u_labresults21 Deacom version: 14.5.70

Original

16013 Watson Seed Farm Road, Whitakers, NC 27891

Chain of Custody:

2015-46840-00

Accreditation #: 777497

LABORATORY REPORT

Page 1 of 1 Total

Customer Company

Customer Contact

Company Name:

Aquatic Control Tech Inc

Contact Person:

Marc Bellaud

Address:

11 John Road

E-Mail Address:

mbellaud@aquaticcontroltech.com

Sutton, MA 01590-2509

Phone:

(508) 865-1000

Fax: Waterbody Information Waterbody:

Dudley Pond - MA

Sample Information Sample Lab ID Location 38821 HH1-F

Waterbody Size (acres): 86.00

Test Method

Sampling Date

Sampling Temp at Time Receipt (C)

07/15/2015 Sonar/Fluridone (µg/L) SOP: FAST 10

38822

Results

Depth Average: 8.0

< 1.00

HH2-F

07/15/2015 Sonar/Fluridone (µg/L) SOP: FAST 10

< 1.00

ANALYSIS STATEMENTS: SAMPLE RECEIPT /HOLDING TIMES: All samples arrived in an acceptable condition and were analyzed within prescribed holding times in accordance with the SRTC Laboratory Sample Receipt Policy unless otherwise noted in the report. PRESERVATION: Samples requiring preservation were verified prior to sample analysis and any qualifiers will be noted in the report. QA/QC CRITERIA: All analyses met method criteria, except as noted in the report with data qualifiers. ACCREDITED METHODS: This laboratory is not accredited for the tests marked "‡" COMMENTS: No significant observations were made unless noted in the report. MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY: Uncertainty of measurement has been accounted for with regards to determination of compliance of instruments used for analysis; uncertainty measurements are available upon request. Laboratory Information 07/22/2015 Date Received: Time Received: 11:00am Date Results Sent: 07/22/2015

Date Analysis Performed:

07/22/2015

u_labresults21 Deacom version: 14.5.70

Original

Dudley Pond Water Quality Sampling Program April 21, 2015 Report Author - Toni Moores This document is part of an ongoing Surface Water Quality Committee (SWQC) water quality sampling program initiated for Dudley Pond. The objectives of the Program are to gather Dudley Pond water quality data that will be used to:  Compare to similar water quality data gathered in the past at Dudley Pond.  Track the trophic index of Dudley Pond during the spring, summer and fall of each year. Summary  

    

On April 21, 2015 water quality data was gathered at three sample points and at three depths at each sample point. Water quality parameters such as, pH, oxidation – reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved oxygen % saturation and temperature were measured at three depths at each of the three sample points by SWQC members using a YSI Multimeter. Water and Secchi depths were measured at each of the three sample points. Samples were gathered by SWQC members and analyzed by Nashoba Analytical LLC. Due to late ice out and schedule conflicts, the sampling on April 21, 2015 was approximately one month later than in past years. Based on somewhat uniform parameter values top to bottom, the Pond was mixed and therefore it is assumed that the sampling occurred near the time of the spring turnover (water column mixing). The Secchi depths found on April 21, 2014 were better than last year but worse than during the Spring samplings done in 2011, 2012 and 2013. Based on the trophic state indexes (TSI) shown below the water quality found on April 21, 2015 was well within the mesotrophic range. Pond water quality in the mesotrophic range (37 – 53) is acceptable for recreational purposes. The trophic state of Pond has been in the mesotrophic range during Spring samplings for the past five years. The very low concentrations of Chlorophyll a found at Sample Point 27 were thought to be an anomaly and therefore discounted when determining the TSI.

Date April 4, 2011 March 18, 2012 March 24, 2013 April 2, 2014 April 21, 2015 

TSI 31 - 49 39 - 47 35 - 43 39 - 54 41 - 46

Chlorophyll a 2.72 – 3.99 ppb 1.98 – 4.62 ppb 1.39 – 4.46 ppb 2.24 – 5 ppb 0.74 – 4.53 ppb

Secchi Depth 12’ 1” 12’ 6” 14’ 4” 5’6” – 9’2” 11’ 6”

Total Phosphorus 10 – 40 ppb 10 – 20 ppb Non-detect 10 – 20 ppb Non-detect

This is the second Spring sampling out of five Spring samplings that no phosphorus was found at any sample points. Had the sampling been completed a month earlier there may have been phosphorus compounds found in the water column, but as the Spring sampling in 2015 was a month later in the growing season algae and weed growth may have consumed available phosphorus.



Chlorophyll a concentrations were very low at Sample Point 27 compared to Sample Points 25 and 24. Chlorophyll a concentrations were also found to be relatively low at Sample Point 27 compared to the other sample points during the 2014 Spring sampling, but concentrations were not nearly as low as in 2015. The reasons for this are unknown. Chlorophyll a is an indirect measure of algae in the water column. Compared to past Spring samplings ORP values found on April 21, 2015 were low and the ORP at Sample Point 25 increased with depth, both of which are unusual. The reasons are not known.

Background Historically Dudley Pond has been sampled most frequently at the “deep hole” (Sample Point 25) on Dudley Pond. In order to have data sets that are comparable to historical data, samples were gathered at locations 24, 25 and 27 as indicated in Figure 1. Two of these sample locations correspond to the sample locations used in the Larkin (1978) and IEP (1983) reports. Line-of-site intersections were used to locate sampling points.

Figure 1 – Dudley Pond Sampling Points Sample Point 24 is located at the intersection of the lines-of-sight between Rocky Point – Bayfield Rd and Mansion Beach – “The Chat”. Sample Point 25 is located at the intersection of the lines-of-site between Mansion Beach –Southern point of the Dudley Rd. peninsula and Lowery’s dock – Williams

Point. Sample Point 27 is located at the intersection of the lines-of-site between the Dudley Pond outlet – 107 Dudley Rd. and the foot of Maiden Lane – the 20” outfall adjacent 27 Bayfield Rd.

Methods Samples were gathered at depths of one foot (Top), at mid depth (Middle) and one foot off the bottom (Bottom) at Sample Points 24, 25 and 27. A water sampler as shown at http://www.aquaticeco.com/subcategories/2912/Water-Sampler?green=12823266105 with a sample volume of 1.0 – 1.5 liters was used to gather samples at various depths. Samples and data were/are to be gathered during March, August and November each year, in an attempt to understand seasonal variations. Sample Handling - Multiple sample catches at each depth were composited from the sampler into a one-gallon container in order to get the volume of sample needed for the various analyses. The onegallon container was mixed and aliquots were poured into sample bottles provided by the analytical laboratory. The labels on the sample containers were filled out. One of the sample bottles contained sulfuric acid necessary to “fix”(preserve) the sample for total phosphorus (TP) analysis. All of the samples were stored in a cooler containing ice and delivered with chain of custody documents to the analytical laboratory the day after the samples were gathered. Sample Analyses - A SWQC owned YSI 556 Multimeter was used to measure the following parameters at the same time that the samples are collected. Date Time Weather Barometric Pressure Location Depth pH ORP Dissolved Oxygen Dissolved Oxygen % Saturation Temperature Secchi Depth (http://water.epa.gov/type/rsl/monitoring/155.cfm) Nashoba Analytical, LLC was used to perform analyses of samples from Sample Points 24, 25 and 27. Analyses were performed by Nashoba Analytical, LLC for the following parameters.

Total Phosphorus, ppm (as P) (Soluble + Insoluble) Orthophosphate, ppm (as P) (Soluble) Ammonia, ppm (as N) Nitrate/Nitrite, ppm (as N) Total Nitrogen, ppm (as N) Chlorophyll a, ug/l (ppb)

Carlson Trophic State Index â&#x20AC;&#x201C; TP concentrations, Chlorophyll a and Secchi depths were used to plot the Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI) for the three sample points in Dudley Pond. Since the Secchi Depths for Sample Points 24 and 27 were greater than the depth of the water, it was assumed that the Secchi Depths for all of the sample points were the same as Sample Point 25. In order to obtain an average TP concentration for each sample point the three Total Phosphorus concentrations for the sample point were averaged. In order to obtain an average Chlorophyll a concentrations for each sample location, the average of the chlorophyll a concentration at each sample point was calculated using the average of the chlorophyll a concentrations at the three depths. (see http://www.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_22/issue_2/0361.pdf for information re Carlson Trophic State index)

Results The results of the March 24, 2013 sampling are shown in Figure 2. The analytical data was plotted to determine the TSI and is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; April 21, 2015 Dudley Pond Water Quality Data

Figure 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Carlson Trophic State Index Results for April 21, 2015 at Sample Points 24, 25 & 27

Discussion YSI Measurements - Measurements taken with the YSI 556 Multimeter varied from location to location and by depth.  pH – The pH for all three sample points ranged from 5.84 at the bottom (24’) of Sample Point 25 to 7.3 at all three depths at Sample Point 24. There was not much variation from top to bottom at Sample Points 24 and 27, which indicates mixing within the water column. With a pH of 7.3 at Sample Point 24 there was an indication of some photosynthesis. The disparity between the pH values at Sample Points 24 and 27 is unknown. The low pH at the bottom of Sample Point 25 is an indication of no photosynthesis and biodegredation.  DO Percent Saturation – DO percent saturation measurements ranged from 144 % at twelve feet at Sample Point 25 to 119.7 % at the bottom (24’) of Sample Point 25. Super saturation is usually associated with active photosynthesis. DO Percent Saturation values were relatively uniform top to bottom at Sample Points 24 and 27, which indicates that water column mixing and photosynthesis was occurring. At Sample Point 25 DO Percent Saturation measurements were 140.3% at the surface, 144.8% at a depth of 12 feet and 119.7% at a depth of 24 feet, which is thought to indicate vertical mixing as well as photosynthesis at the shallower depths. The lower percent saturation levels a twelve and twenty-four feet are most likely due to a lack of sunlight penetration (no photosynthesis), bacterial decomposition with vertical mixing.  Temperature – The temperature variation was 6.9 C at the bottom of Sample Point 25 to 13.15 C at the surface of Sample Point 27. The lack of significant temperature variation from top to bottom at Sample Points 24 and 27 indicates vertical mixing in the water column.  Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) – The ORP ranged from 132.1 mv at the bottom of Sample Point 25 to 67.8 mv at he surface of Sample Point 24. Compared to past Spring samplings ORP values found on April 21, 2015 were low and the ORP at Sample Point 25 increased with depth, both of which were unusual. The reasons for these anomalies are unknown. ORP values at Sample Points 24 and 27 were relatively uniform top to bottom, but somewhat different from sample point to sample point. The following table is a comparison of ORP and DO % Saturation values at the bottom of Sample Point 25 (24 feet deep) for spring samplings for the past five years. Date ORP (mv) DO % Sat April 4, 2011 251 97.9 March 18, 2012 214.6 95 March 24, 2013 196.4 106.0 April 2, 2014 140.7 27.5 April 21, 2015 132.1 119.7 The reason for these variations is not known. 

Secchi Depths – Secchi depth (water transparency) and is effected by color, turbidity and suspended solids, such as algae and fine soil particles. At Sample Point 25 the Secchi depth on April 21, 2015 was 11.5’’ (3.5 m), which was better than April 2, 2014 but not as good as in April 4, 2011, March 18, 2012 or March 24, 2013. An accurate Secchi depth at Sample Point 24 and 27 could not be obtained because the bottom was clearly visible implying the Secchi depth was greater than the bottom depth.

Phosphorus Concentrations – Phosphorus is generally accepted as the growth limiting nutrient in fresh water systems. Total phosphorus is a measure of orthophosphate, condensed phosphates and organic phosphate and no phosphorus was detected in the samples gathered on April 21, 2015. This finding is somewhat unusual in that total phosphorus concentrations have ranged from 10 – 40 ppb for three of the five Spring samplings. Nitrogen Compounds – Nitrate concentrations ranged from 0.34 mg/l to 0.42 mg/l and were found at the bottom of Sample Points 25 and the bottom of Sample Point 27. The concentrations of nitrate found were relatively the same for all depths and sample points indicating water column mixing. The presence of nitrate indicates an oxidizing environment and very limited bacterial decomposition going on in the water column. As the season progresses nitrate concentrations will disappear as a result of the nitrogen moiety being incorporated as a nutrient into algae/weeds and/or via bacterial de-nitrification of nitrate to gaseous nitrogen, which will exit the Pond as nitrogen gas. No Ammonia was found in any of the samples gathered on April 21, 2015. TKN, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, includes ammonia and organic nitrogen compounds and was present in all samples and concentrations ranging from 0.45 mg/l at one foot at Sample Point 25 and at the bottom of Sample Point 27 to 0.56 mg/l at three feet at Sample Point 27. The concentrations found in samples were similar top to bottom at all sample points. The fact that nitrate concentrations and TKN concentrations varied very little at all sample points indicates mixing in the water column. Alpha Chlorophyll (Chlorophyll a) – On April 21, 2015 Chlorophyll a, an indirect measure of the algae concentration, ranged from 0.64 ug/l (ppb) at the top of the water column at Sample Point 27 to 4.53 ug/l (ppb) at the surface at Sample Point 25. Chlorophyll a concentrations were uncharacteristically low at Sample Point 27. The reason for these low concentrations is unknown Carlson Trophic State Index – As Dudley Pond is primarily used for recreational purposes a TSI less than 50 is tolerable and less than 40 would be great. Discounting the low chlorophyll a concentrations found at Sample Point 27, the TI on April 21, 2015 for the three sample points ranged from approximately 41 to 46 indicating that the Dudley Pond TSI was in the low to mid mesotrophic range, which is good.

August 3, 2015 Report Dudley Pond Water Quality Sampling Program Author - Toni Moores This document is part of an ongoing Surface Water Quality Committee (SWQC) water quality sampling program initiated for Dudley Pond. The objectives of the Program are to gather Dudley Pond water quality data that will be used to:  Compare to similar water quality data gathered in the past at Dudley Pond.  Track the trophic index of Dudley Pond during the spring, summer and fall of each year. Summary  

  

On August 3, 2015 water samples were gathered at three depths at three sample points. Water quality parameters such as, pH, oxidation – reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved oxygen % saturation and temperature were not measured because of problems with the sensors on the YSI 556 Multimeter. Water and Secchi depths were measured at each of the three sample points. Samples were gathered by SWQC members and analyzed by Nashoba Analytical LLC. Based the Trophic State Index and on a number of parameters shown below the water quality found on August 3, 2015 the one of best measured so far and was much better than August 24, 1981. August 3, 2015 plus historical Dudley Pond water quality data appears below.

Date TSI * August 24, 1981 49 - 54 Sept. 11, 2011 44 - 48 August 5, 2012 48 - 52 August 5, 2013 43 - 48 August 3, 2014 47 - 53 August 3, 2015 42 - 46 * Above the thermocline (~ 12 feet) **Contaminated samples

Chlorophyll a * 7.0 4.41 – 6.3 ppb 2.9 – 17.29 ppb 4.65 – 13.03 ppb 7.48 – 10.83 ppb 2.81 – 6.56 ppb

Secchi Depth 2.1’ 9.83’ 6.75’ 10.75’ 8.24’ 10.67’

Total Phosphorus* 30 ppb ND ND 20 ppb ** ND 0.04 ppb**

Figure 1 – Dudley Pond Sampling Points Sample Point 24 is located at the intersection of the lines-of-site between Rocky Point – Bayfield Rd and Mansion Beach – “The Chat”. Sample Point 25 is located at the intersection of the lines-of-site between Mansion Beach –Southern point of the Dudley Rd. peninsula and Lowery’s dock – Williams Point. Sample Point 27 is located at the intersection of the lines-of-site between the Dudley Pond outlet – 107 Dudley Rd. and the foot of Maiden Lane – the 20” outfall adjacent 27 Bayfield Rd. Methods Samples were gathered at depths of one foot (Top), at mid depth (Middle) and one foot off the bottom (Bottom) at Sample Points 24, 25 and 27. A water sampler as shown at http://pentairaes.com/watersampler-1.html with a sample volume of 1.0 – 1.5 liters was used to gather samples at various depths. Samples and data were/are to be gathered during March, August and November each year, in an attempt to understand seasonal variations. Sample Handling - Multiple sample catches at each depth were composited from the sampler into a one-gallon container in order to get the volume of sample needed for the various analyses. The onegallon container was mixed and aliquots were poured into sample bottles provided by the analytical laboratory. The labels on the sample containers were filled out. One of the sample bottles contained sulfuric acid necessary to “fix”(preserve) the sample for total phosphorus (TP) analysis. All of the samples were stored in a cooler containing ice and delivered with chain of custody documents to the analytical laboratory the day after the samples were gathered.

Sample Analyses - A SWQC owned YSI 556 Multimeter was used to measure the following parameters at the same time that the samples are collected. Date Time Weather Barometric Pressure Location Depth pH ORP Dissolved Oxygen Dissolved Oxygen % Saturation Temperature Secchi Depth (http://water.epa.gov/type/rsl/monitoring/155.cfm) Nashoba Analytical, LLC was used to perform analyses of samples from Sample Points 24, 25 and 27. Analyses were performed by Nashoba Analytical, LLC for the following parameters.

Total Phosphorus, ppm (as P) (Soluble + Insoluble) Orthophosphate, ppm (as P) (Soluble) Ammonia, ppm (as N) Nitrate/Nitrite, ppm (as N) Total Nitrogen, ppm (as N) Chlorophyll a, ug/l (ppb) Carlson Trophic State Index â&#x20AC;&#x201C; TP concentrations, Chlorophyll a and Secchi depths were used to plot the Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI) for the three sample points in Dudley Pond. Since the Secchi Depths for Sample Points 24 and 27 were greater than the depth of the water, it was assumed that the Secchi Depths for all of the sample points were the same as Sample Point 25. In order to obtain an average TP concentration for each sample point the three Total Phosphorus concentrations for the sample point were averaged. In order to obtain an average Chlorophyll a concentrations for each sample location, the average of the chlorophyll a concentration at each sample point was calculated using the average of the chlorophyll a concentrations at the three depths. (see http://www.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_22/issue_2/0361.pdf for information re Carlson Trophic State index) Results Faulty sensors in the YSI Multimeter 556 prevented data being taken using the YSI Multimeter during the August 3, 2015 sampling. The results of the August 3, 2015 sampling are shown in Figure 2. The analytical data was plotted to determine the TSI and is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; August 3, 2015 Dudley Pond Water Quality Data

Figure 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Carlson Trophic State Index Results for August 3, 2015, Sample Points 24, 25 & 27

Discussion YSI Measurements - No measurements were taken with the YSI 556 Multimeter because of faulty sensors. Ordering, installing and calibrating new sensors could have been undertaken, but that would have delayed sampling by two to three weeks and since none of the YSI data is needed to determine the Trophic State Index (TSI) a decision was made to execute sampling during the first week in August without the YSI Multimeter in order to obtain TSI information comparable to previous years. Phosphorus Concentrations – There was no Total Phosphorus found except 0.04 mg/l at the bottom of Sample Point 24 and 0.05 mg/l at the bottom of Sample Point 25 and is thought to be the result of contaminated samples from bottom sludge. Nitrogen Compounds – Total Nitrogen was found at all sample points and all but one depth and ranged from 0.56 mg/l at the top of Sample Point 25 to 1.1 mg/l at the bottom of Sample Point 24. Ubiquitous Total Nitrogen concentrations have not been seen during summer samplings in the past except for the August 3, 2014 sampling. The reason for this finding is not clear. Additionally the relatively high Total Nitrogen concentration found at the bottom of Sample Point 24 along with the relatively elevated Total Phosphorus and Chlorophyll a at that sample point suggest debris contamination of the samples from the bottom of the Pond. As the bottom at Sample Point 25 is a particularly diffuse layer of debris, high parameter concentrations have been common in the past, but a lack of Total Nitrogen at that depth seems inconsistent with the relatively high Total Phosphorus, Ammonia and Chlorophyll a concentrations. The reason for this is unknown. Alpha Chlorophyll (Chlorophyll a) – Chlorophyll a, an indirect measure of the algae concentration, ranged from 2.81 ug/l at 3 feet at Sample Point 24 to 139 ug/l at the bottom of Sample Point 25. Chlorophyll a concentrations appear to increase marginally with depth at all sample points. The Chlorophyll a concentration increased at Sample Point 25 from 2.23 ug/l at a depth one foot, to 5.87 ug/l at 12 feet and 139 ug/l at the bottom (24 feet). Historically the Chlorophyll a concentration in the deep hole (bottom of Sample Point 25) has been much higher than other sample points. The reason for high Chlorophyll a concentrations at the bottom of Sample point 25 is not known, although the increased Chlorophyll a concentration may be due to gravity settling of algae facilitated by the lack of mixing below the thermocline. Carlson Trophic State Index – As Dudley Pond is primarily used for recreational purposes a TSI less than 50 is tolerable and less than 40 would be great. Neglecting the Total Phosphorus concentrations at the bottoms of Sample Points 24 and 25 the TSI on August 3, 2015, the TSI values for the three sample points ranged from 42 to 46 indicating that the Dudley Pond Trophic Index was in the mid to low to midmesotrophic range, which is good. Only Chlorophyll a concentrations in samples taken at depths of 15 feet and less were used in the determination of the Carlson Trophic State Index for August 3, 2015. Had the Total Phosphorus concentrations found at the bottom of Sample Points 24 and 25 been used to determine the TSI, the TSI for Sample Point 24 would range from 26 to 46, the TSI for Sample Point 25 would range from 24 to 45 and the TSI for Sample Point 27 would range from 42 to 44. Because the Secchi data and Chlorophyll a data for all three sample points result in TSI ranges that are comparable, the Total Phosphorus values for Sample Points 24 and 25 were not used to calculate the August 3, 2015 TSI range for Dudley Pond.

Nov 16, 2015 Report Dudley Pond Water Quality Assessment Program Program Manager - Toni Moores This document is part of an ongoing Surface Water Quality Committee (SWQC) water quality sampling program initiated for Dudley Pond. The objectives of the Program are to gather Dudley Pond water quality data that will be used to:  Compare to similar water quality data gathered in the past at Dudley Pond.  Track the trophic index of Dudley Pond during the spring, summer and fall of each year. Summary  

   

On November 16, 2015 water quality data was gathered at three depths at three sample points. Water quality parameters such as, pH, oxidation – reduction potential (ORP), dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved oxygen % saturation and temperature were measured at three depths at each of the three sample points by SWQC members using a YSI Multimeter. Water and Secchi depths were measured at each of the three sample points. Samples were gathered by SWQC members and analyzed by Nashoba Analytical LLC. Ambient air temperatures during October and November 2015 had been warmer than average. The water quality found on November 16, 2015 was the best November water quality of the last four years, based on TSI values, and is largely the result of very good visibility (Secchi Depth) in the water column. TSI values (a function of Chlorophyll a concentrations, Secchi Depth and Total Phosphorus concentrations) of less than 50 are considered acceptable for recreational waters

Date Nov 16, 2015 Nov 12, 2014 Nov 15, 2013 Nov 11, 2012 Nov 13, 2011 Nov 18, 2007

TSI 26 - 43 47 - 48 49 - 51 42 - 46 42 - 44 -

Chlorophyll a ppb 0.39 – 3.29 4 – 6.3

4.24 – 9.79 2.2 – 4.6 2.6 – 6.6 -

Secchi Depth 4.39 m (14.5ft) 2.73 m (9 ft) 2.12 m (7 ft) 3.4 m (11.25 ft) 3.4 m (11.25 ft) 2.85 m (9.4 ft)

Total Phosphorus ND ND ND ND 0 – 0.01 ppm -

Total Phosphorus, ppm (as P) (Soluble + Insoluble) Orthophosphate, ppm (as P) (Soluble) Ammonia, ppm (as N) Nitrate/Nitrite, ppm (as N) Total Nitrogen, ppm (as N) Chlorophyll a, ug/l (ppb) Carlson Trophic State Index â&#x20AC;&#x201C; TP concentrations, Chlorophyll a and Secchi depths were used to plot the Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI) for the three sample points in Dudley Pond. Since the Secchi Depths for Sample Points 24 and 27 were greater than the depth of the water, it was assumed that the Secchi Depths for all of the sample points were the same as Sample Point 25. In order to obtain an average TP concentration for each sample point the three Total Phosphorus concentrations for the sample point were averaged. In order to obtain an average Chlorophyll a concentrations for each sample location, the average of the chlorophyll a concentration at each sample point was calculated using the average of the chlorophyll a concentrations at the three depths. (see http://www.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_22/issue_2/0361.pdf for information re Carlson Trophic State index) Results The results of the November 16, 2015 sampling are shown in Figure 2. The analytical data was plotted to determine the TSI and is shown in Figure 3 and Thermocline data is plotted in Figure 4.

Figure 2 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; November 16, 2015 Dudley Pond Water Quality Data

Figure 3 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Carlson Trophic State Index Results for November 16, 2015, Sample Points 24, 25 & 27

Discussion YSI Measurements - Measurements taken with the YSI 556 Multimeter varied from location to location and by depth.  pH – The pH for all three sample points ranged from 7.34 at a depth of 24 feet at Sample Point 25 to 7.56 at 5 feet at Sample Point 24. There was very little variation in pH readings, which may be due to mixing within the water column.  DO Percent Saturation – DO percent saturation measurements ranged from 82.8 % found at a depth of 24 feet at Sample Point 25 to 98.7 at 5 feet at Sample Point 24. DO Percent Saturation measurements did not vary much throughout the water column indicating good mixing, some benthic (bottom) photosynthesis and minimum bacterial decomposition.  Temperature – The temperature ranged from 8.84 C at a depth of 5 feet at Sample Point 27 to 9.87 C at 1 foot at Sample Point 25. The lack of variation in temperature throughout the water column indicates the presence of mixing.  Oxidation Reduction Potential (ORP) – The ORP ranged from 147.2 mv at a depth of 5 feet at Sample Point 27 to 160.3 mv at a depth of 1 foot at Sample Point 24. ORP values were relatively uniform, which is thought to be due to mixing.  Secchi Depths – Secchi depth (a measure of color, turbidity and suspended solids, such as algae) on November 16, 2015 was 14.5 feet (4.39 m). Accurate Secchi depths at Sample Points 24 and 27 could not be obtained because the bottom was clearly visible implying the Secchi depth was greater than the bottom depth. Therefore it has been assumed that the Secchi depths at Sample Points 24 and 27 were similar to that at Sample Point 25. Phosphorus Concentrations – There was no detectable Total Phosphorus or Orthophosphate found at any of the sample points. Nitrite/Nitrate – There was no detectable concentrations of nitrite or nitrate found at any of the sample points. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) – TKN is a measure of the organic nitrogen plus ammonia nitrogen expressed as N, found in the sample. Since none of the samples contained any ammonia nitrogen the TKN found in the samples is all organic nitrogen. TKN concentrations were fairly similar for all samles and 0.37 mg/l at one foot at Sample Point 24 to 0.48 mg/l at the bottom of Sample Point 27. Alpha Chlorophyll (Chlorophyll a) – On November 16, 2015 Chlorophyll a, an indirect measure of the algae concentration ranged from 0.39 ug/l (ppb) at the top of Sample Point 24 to 6.68 ug/l (ppb) at the bottom of Sample Point 27. The concentrations of Chlorophyll a at all three depths at Sample Point 27 were high compared to the other sample points. The reason for the relatively large variation of Chlorophyll a concentration from sample point to sample point is not known. Mixing – Within the water column there was relatively little variation in the parameters with the exception of Chlorophyll a. This lack of parameter concentration variation is thought to be the result of mixing that is common during the fall and spring turnovers of the Pond. The sample from the bottom of Sample Point 27 contained suspended green solids which were thought to be algae resulting in a high Chlorophyll a concentration measurmentl. Getting solids free samples was difficult at the bottom of Sample Points 24 and 27 because of the large amount of decomposing biomass on the bottom. As a

result, for the purposes calculating the Trophic State Index, the concentration of Chlorophyll a at the bottom of Sample Point 27 was not used to calculate the average Chlorophyll a for that Sample Point. Carlson Trophic State Index â&#x20AC;&#x201C; As Dudley Pond is primarily used for recreational purposes a TSI less than 50 is tolerable and less than 40 would be great. Without including the Chlorophyll a concentration at the bottom of Sample Point 27, the TSI on November 16, 2015 for the three sample points ranged from 26 to 43 indicating that the Dudley Pond trophic state index (TSI) was in the upper oligotropic to lower mesotrophic range. If the relatively high Chlorophyll a concentrations for Sample Point 27, which are suspect, are discarded altogether the TSI for Dudley Pond on November 16, 2015 ranged from 26 to 39, which is the upper oligotropic range. In either case the trophic state of Dudley Pond vas very good on November 16, 2015.

Mike Lowery <lowery.mike@gmail.com>

Dudley Pond Preliminary 2016 Herbicide Treatment Recommendations Marc Bellaud <mbellaud@aquaticcontroltech.com> To: Mike Lowery <lowery.mike@gmail.com> Cc: Dominic Meringolo <DMeringolo@aquaticcontroltech.com>

Mon, Nov 9, 2015 at 11:09 PM

Mike, Attached are maps from our recent survey of Dudley Pond. We haven’t had a chance to prepare a more detailed report yet, but I wanted to send you the maps and provide my preliminary thoughts on treatment. As you already know there is varying density Eurasian watermilfoil (EWM) found throughout the littoral zone. We estimate that EWM growth is found throughout approximately 57 acres. Invasive curlyleaf pondweed (CLP) was found in a smaller footprint, but even more growth may be evident earlier in the season. While it is uncommon to see such extensive CLP growth in the fall, we did observe and hear reports of similar occurrences on other water bodies in the region. The most abundant native plant growth was claspingleaf pondweed. This is a heartier pondweed species that can be challenging to manage. While there are several herbicide treatment options available, based on past treatment experiences at Dudley Pond, recent experiences in other lakes and the current mix of plant growth, we believe that three options make the most sense. Sonar (fluridone) – has been used effectively in Dudley Pond in prior years. The most current research suggests that ultralow dose applications can be effective when applied early in the growing season and when utilizing the latest formulations. There is a new pellet formulation called Sonar H4C that has a lower percent active ingredient, so more pellets are applied per acre resulting in a more uniform coverage. There is also a new liquid formulation called Sonar Genesis that is absorbed by the plants more rapidly and results in more rapid plant response. We would recommend initiating treatment at the onset of active plant growth, probably earlymid April. Using the new liquid and pellet formulations should reduce the number of applications required and result in plant control by midsummer. We would expect excellent control of EWM, CLP and some thinning of the native plants including claspingleaf pondweed. The estimated cost for a Sonar treatment program would likely be in the range of $42,500$45,500. Reward (diquat) – effectively controls both EWM and CLP. It should also impact claspingleaf pondweed, but if enhanced control is desired then a tankmix with Aquathol (endothall) may be warranted. The disadvantage of using contactherbicides like diquat and endothall is that only seasonal control may be achieved. This needs to be weighed against the lower cost and the need to use other strategies such as diver handpulling to provide extended control of EWM. The total estimated cost for a diquat treatment would be in the range of $15,000 $20,000 depending on whether or not any endothall was required. Renovate (triclopyr) and Aquathol (endothall) combination treatment – this combination treatment approach has been used to target mixed communities of EWM and CLP. Considerable work has been done in the Midwest and in other areas. It allows for lower concentrations of each product to be used to provide the systemic benefits of triclopyr for EWM control and still control the pondweeds. Using triclopyr alone could be considered,

but this will not provide any control of CLP and other pondweeds and the cost would exceed that of using fluridone. Used in combination the cost may be slightly lower, but still may be in the range of $42,500. I am out of state at meetings until late tomorrow night, but wanted to get something off to you. Let me know if you have any questions and I’ll try to respond later tomorrow or on Wednesday. I should also be available for a call on Wednesday or Thursday if you’d like to discuss any of this in more detail. Regards, Marc

_______________________ Marc Bellaud President/Aquatic Biologist Aquatic Control Technology 11 John Road Sutton, MA 01590 508.865.1000 work 508.865.1220 fax 508.954.8577 cell mbellaud@aquaticcontroltech.com www.aquaticcontroltech.com

3 attachments Dudley15_Oct_MSPIC_ALM.PDF 3643K DudleyPd_nonTRG_ALM.PDF 3674K Dudley_Oct15_PCRISP_ALM.PDF 3758K

October 2015 Distribution of Native Aquatic Vegetation

Dudley Pond Wayland, MA

375 Feet

750

Legend

Nymphaea sp.

Potamogeton perfoliatus

Naiad flexilis

Vallisneria americana

21 West Main Street • Spencer, MA info@aquaticcontroltech.com 508-885-0101

October 2015 Density & Relative Abundance of E. Milfoil Legend

Dense (2.52 acres)

Moderate (5.86 acres) Sparse (22.83 acres) Trace (25.97 acres)

Dudley Pond Wayland, MA

375

1:6,800

Feet

750

21 West Main Street • Spencer, MA info@aquaticcontroltech.com 508-885-0101

October 2015 Density & Relative Abundance of P. crispus

F G

Dudley Pond Wayland, MA

375

1:6,800

Feet

750

Legend

F G

Individual Plant

Sparse

Moderate

Trace

21 West Main Street • Spencer, MA info@aquaticcontroltech.com 508-885-0101