GreenServices Oil & Gas Industry
Supplier of hidraulic fracking & enviromental safety products
USA (956) 616 5079 MEX (899) 456 2596
www.greenservicesoilandgas.com info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
HOW IT WORK What Is Hydraulic Fracturing? The Hydraulic Fracturing is not a “drilling process.” Hydraulic fracturing is the use of fluid and material to create or restore small fractures in a formation in order to stimulate production from new and existing oil and gas wells. The process includes steps to protect water supplies. To ensure that neither the fluid that will eventually be pumped through the well, nor the oil or gas that will eventually be collected.
What’s in Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid? Water and sand make up 98 to 99.5 percent of the fluid used in hydraulic fracturing. In addition, chemical additives are used. The exact formulation varies depending on the well. Chemicals serve many functions in hydraulic fracturing. From limiting the growth of bacteria to preventing corrosion of the well casing, chemicals are needed to insure that the fracturing job is effective and efficient. The number of chemical additives used in a typical fracture treatment depends on the conditions of the specific well being fractured. A typical fracture treatment will use very low concentrations of between 3 and 12 additive chemicals, depending on the characteristics of the water and the shale formation being fractured. Each component serves a specific, engineered purpose.
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
Well Site Roads, trucks, a rig, pumping units and drilling equipment are all shuttled or stored at the drilling location.
Hydraulic Fracturing Mixture of water, sand and chemicals pressurized and pumped into the well to form microscopic fractures in shale.
Why is Hydraulic Fracturing Used? Experts believe 60 to 80 percent of all wells drilled in the United States in the next ten years will require hydraulic fracturing to remain operating. Fracturing allows for extended production in older oil and natural gas fields. It also allows for the recovery of oil and natural gas from formations that geologists once believed were impossible to produce. Hydraulic fracturing is also used to extend the life of older wells in mature oil and gas fields.
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
HOW IT WORK How is Hydraulic Fracturing Done? The placement of hydraulic fracturing treatments underground is sequenced to meet the particular needs of the formation. Each oil and gas zone is different and requires a hydraulic fracturing design tailored to the particular conditions of the formation. Therefore, while the process remains essentially the same, the sequence may change depending upon unique local conditions. It is important to note that not all of the additives are used in every hydraulically fractured well; the exact “blend� and proportions of additives will vary based on the site-specific depth, thickness and other characteristics of the target formation.
Fracture orientation Hydraulic fractures are formed in the direction perpendicular to the least stress. Based on experience, horizontal fractures will occur at depths less than approximately 2000 ft. If pressure is applied to the center of a formation under these relatively shallow conditions, the fracture is most likely to occur in the horizontal plane, because it will be easier to part the rock in this direction than in any other. In general, therefore, these fractures are parallel to the bedding plane of the formation. As depth increases beyond approximately 2000 ft., overburden stress increases by approximately 1 psi/ft., making the overburden stress the dominant stress This means the horizontal confining stress is now the least principal stress. Since hydraulically induced fractures are formed in the direction perpendicular to the least stress, the resulting fracture at depths greater than approximately 2000 ft. will be oriented in the vertical direction.
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
In the case where a fracture might cross over a boundary where the principal stress direction changes, the fracture would attempt to reorient itself perpendicular to the direction of least stress. Therefore, if a fracture propagated from deeper to shallower formations it would reorient itself from a vertical to a horizontal pathway and spread sideways along the bedding planes of the rock strata.
Fracture length/ height The extent that a created fracture will propagate is controlled by the upper confining zone or formation, and the volume, rate, and pressure of the fluid that is pumped. The confining zone will limit the vertical growth of a fracture because it either possesses sufficient strength or elasticity to contain the pressure of the injected fluids or an insufficient volume of fluid has been pumped. This is important because the greater the distance between the fractured formation and the USDW, the more likely it will be that multiple formations possessing the qualities necessary to impede the fracture will occur. However, while it should be noted that the length of a fracture can also be influenced by natural fractures or faults as shown in a study that included microseismic analysis of fracture jobs conducted on three wells in Texas, natural attenuation of the fracture will occur over relatively short distances due to the limited volume of fluid being pumped and dispersion of the pumping pressure regardless of intersecting migratory pathways.
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
FRAC SAND We are a leading supplier of the highest-quality frac sand available in North America. Our quarries in Wisconsin are reliable sources of extraordinary quality, round grain, “Ottawa District� type sand feed that is processed at our plant operation in Kosse, Texas as well as in Wisconsin. This white, Northern/Ottawa sand offers exceptional properties in sphericity, conductivity, structural integrity, and crush strength. Additionally, Superior Silica mines a native Texas sand on our property in Kosse which is processed into a high-quality 40/70 and 100 mesh frac sand.
Frac Sand Grades
16/30
Typical Properties
ISO 13603 - 2
20/40 ISO 13603 - 2
40/70 ISO 13603 - 2
Krumbein Roundness
0.8 - 0.9
0.8 - 0.9
0.75 - 0.9
Krumbein Sphericity
0.75 - 0.8
0.75 - 0.8
0.75 - 0.8
Acid Solubility (%)
0.6 - 0.9
0.6 - 0.9
0.6 - 0.9
30 - 75
30 - 75
28 - 75
2.69
2.65 - 2.68
2.65
Turbidity (FTU/NTU) Specific Gravity (g/cm3) Bulk Density (g/cm3)
1.53 - 1.6
1.54 - 1.58
1.5 - 1.52
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
Performance Gloves Performance work gloves for the construction, automotive, oil and gas and industrial safety industries.
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
GS Bioprotect Degreaser Product Green Services (GS) have developed a patented product that assembles a mix of natural strains of selected bacterial species, combined with enzymic production. The GS BioProtect Degreaser is an effective treatment for the removal of oil grease and grime.
Benefits Environmentally safe Biodegradable Non-toxic and non-corrosive Naturally breaks down waste at a significantly accelerated rate Safe to wash into drains and waterways Will continue to breakdown the hydrocarbons after the affected area has been washed into storm water drains, ocean or waterways. Helps to reduce the flammability of any petroleum spill
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
Application Method Due to the liquid nature of the GS BioProtect Degreaser, no mixing is required. Therefore, treatments such as localized spraying by hand or airplane, covering small and large areas, can be achieved in a very short period of time. The GS BioProtect Degreaser is easy to use. Simply spray/power wash on oil & grime. Once applied to the oil, the microbes breakdown the oil (hydrocarbons) at an ever-increasing rate, leaving behind natural harmless waste products. Once the microbe’s food source (crude oil) is exhausted, the oil eating microbes stop reproducing and just die off. The GS sustainable technique, not only cleans but stops the degradation of land and water from harmful oil spills, harnessing the power of science and nature to protect the natural environment. Our products clean efficiently but at the same time continue to break down the hydrocarbons over time in an environmentally friendly way.
315 N. Shary Road Mission, TX 78572 Phone: (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com
NOTE: These formulations can be adapted to suit the characteristics of different oil well conditions. Please contact GS for solutions to your specific needs.
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
GS Bio Frac Product An eco-friendly Biocide replacement Is a natural, water-based product that is effective in treating tracing fluids, drilling fluids, packer fluids and in secondary petroleum recovery. It contains probiotic bacteria specifically designed to protect oil and gas reservoirs from harmful bacteria, replacing synthetic biocides which are harmful to humans and the surrounding environment. A primary ingredient is the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis, which produces a number of compounds that are beneficial for the oil and gas industry. One of these compounds is Surfactin which is a peptide of seven amino acids and a hydrophobic tail 13 to 15 carbon atoms long that can penetrate the cellular membranes of other bacteria. These qualities enable Surfactin to displace the need to use conventional biocides to control undesirable bacteria such as acid producing bacteria (APBs), slime producing bacteria (SPBs) and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRBs).
Benefits Composed of non-pathogenic gram-positive Bacillus subtilis bacteria. Eliminates the need for biocide. Assists as a natural friction reduction aid. Effective biocide replacement at high and low temperature and PH. Salt tolerant. Environmentally friendly. Safe for handlers and low in toxicity.
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
Physical chemical data Appearance: Clear to slightly turbid straw colored liquid. Odor: Mild. Chemical Name: Bacillus subtilis broth. Common Name: Hay or grass bacteria. pH: 4.7 to 6. Density (25C): 1.130 g/mL. Flash Point: Not flammable or combustible.
Packaging
Directions for use
Is available in 18.92 litre HDPE pails, 189.2 litre HDPE The following guidance is given as an approximation plastic drums and 1000 litre HDPE recyclable totes. for each use pattern. We recommend that field The metric conversion is:
US Gallons
Litres
testing be conducted performance.
Weight (kg)
Weight (pounds)
18.92
5
21
47
189.2
55
214
470
1000
265
1000
2200
to
achieve
optimum
Oil & Gas Fracing: To protect fracking fluids from sulfate reducing bacterial, should be used at 250 ml to 1.0 litres per 1000 litres of frac water. The product may be applied to the pumper or a feed tank.
Transportation
Packer Fluids: To protect packer fluids, apply 250
Not Hazardous
ml to 1.0 litres of GS Bio Frac Product per 1000 litres of packer fluids. May be applied directly to the packer fluid or to a
Storage & Handling May be stored at temperatures from freezing to 50째C. Frozen material may be thawed at room temperature without
adversely
affecting
product
quality.
mix tank used to prepare the fluid. Drilling Fluids: To protect drilling fluids, apply 250 ml to 1.0 litres of GS Bio Frac Product per 1000 litres of water flood solution. Apply directly to mix tanks.
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
GS Bio Frac Product Regulatory approvals CANADA
EEC
Canadian Food Inspection Agency: Animal Health and Production Feed Section has classified Bacillus as a silage additive under Section IV-Class 8.6 and assigned the International Feed Ingredient number IFN 8-19- 119.
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) granted Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS): Is part of authoritative list of microorganisms with a documented history of safe use in food established by the International Dairy Federation with the European Food and Feed Cultures Association (2002/2012).
JAPAN
US
Ministry of Health Labor and Welfare: Classified scientifically as safe and effective.
FDA: Concluded that enzymes derived from Bacillus subtilis were non pathogenic in common use in food prior to January 1, 1958.
Safety Consult the MSDS for safety and handling information.
FDA GRAS Opinion letter (Early 1960s).
AAFCO Approved by the Association of Feed Control Officials as a feed ingredient under Section 36.14 Direct Feed Microorganisms, This microorganism was reviewed by the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
Water supply & return Water supply Our Services currently has a vehicle fleet of thirty trucks and thirty tanks with capacity of 45 m3 intended for industrial water supply. Each unit has a GPS satellite system for monitoring. All units are equipped with safety devices applicable to the service we offer, in compliance with current applicable standards (shims security, firefighting PQS extinguisher, first aid kit, safety cones, physical land card emergency response). Emergency Kit Sipho
Water return ( Frac WasteWater Treatment ) Our technology is a cost effective solution to recover hydrofracking wastewater (contaminated produced water and flow-back water) created by the hydraulic fracturing (“fracking�) of oil and gas wells, and recycle it into clean, usable water. In addition to recovering usable water for reuse in fracking operations, our system can concentrate the chemicals and other impurities for recycling or safe, cost-efficient disposal.
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
Overseas Bonds & Insurance Bond in work Administrative Bonds that are: Contest Tax Credit, Compliance to Work, Compliance Proveeduria, Lease, hidden defects and Loyalty.
Insurance work Cars, Trucks, Ecological, Business, Transportation, Shipment Equipment.
USA (956) 616 5079 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com MEX (899) 456 2596 info@greenservicesoilandgas.com
GreenServices Oil & Gas Industry
USA (956) 616 5079 MEX (899) 456 2596 www.greenservicesoilandgas.com info@greenservicesoilandgas.com