Tidbits Grand Forks January 16 Issue

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Of Grand Forks • East Grand Forks

January 16, 2014

Published by: Wick Publications • 701-772-8239

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GENIUSES by Kathy Wolfe

The simple definition of genius is someone with “exception intellectual or creative ability.” That can certainly be said of the individuals Tidbits examines this week. • What constitutes a genius IQ level? Intelligence tests are based on one devised by French psychologist Alfred Binet in the 1950s. Average intelligence falls between a score of 85 and 114. It’s estimated that about half of the world’s population has an IQ between 90 and 110. A score of about 160 is considered to be a genius. About 1% of all the people in the world are above 136. It’s believed that Einstein’s IQ was 160, while Mozart’s is estimated at 165. • Considered the world’s first real child prodigy, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart began studying violin and harpsichord at age 3. At 5, he was performing at the University of Salzburg and at Vienna’s Imperial Court the following year. He was 6 when he began composing minuets and other short pieces. His first symphony came along at age 8 and an opera at 12. Mozart received all of his education from his father and never attended a school. He frequently experienced anxiety, loneliness, and sadness, and occasionally exhibited the symptoms of Tourette’s Syndrome and bipolarism. Although he only lived to age 35, he composed more than 600 pieces, including 68 symphonies, 27 piano concertos, horn concertos, violin sonatas, and page many volumes of string quartet music. Turnforthemore!

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Quiz Bits

4. He was the inventor of the odometer, bifocals, and an iron furnace stove. Who was he? 5. What nation is Baffin Island a part of? 6. Who was Steve McGarrett’s nemesis in the TV series “Hawaii Five-O”? 7. What was the name of the town in the 1987 vampire movie “The Lost Boys”?

1. Which genius became known as the founding father of psychoanalysis? 2. This genius was the first to observe that white light could be separated by a prism into a spectrum of different colors. Who was he? 3. Who developed the vaccine for anthrax and rabies?

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GENIUSES (continued): • Albert Einstein was responsible for “the world’s most famous equation,” E=mc2, the formula for mass-energy equivalence. Yet this German-born physicist failed his first college entrance exam, passing only the math and science sections, forcing him to attend a secondary school before retaking and passing the test a year later. Einstein’s 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect. He came to America on a visit in 1933, and made the decision to stay when new German laws prohibited him from teaching at any university there. He renounced his German citizenship, took a teaching position at Princeton, and became a U.S. citizen in 1940. Regarding the topic of genius, he once said, “The difference between stupidity and genius is that genius has its limits.” • Regarded as one of the greatest scientists of all times, Isaac Newton almost became a farmer. His mother urged him to follow in his late father’s footsteps on the family farm, but this genius disliked the profession intensely. He attended Cambridge University, studying mathematics, physics, and astronomy. We’re most familiar with his theory of gravitation, developed after watching an apple fall from a tree. Most folks have also heard of his law of inertia that states that an object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion. Another familiar Newton law is that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Newton was also responsible for the first practical reflecting telescope. Modern-day psychologists believe it’s quite possible that this genius had Asperger Syndrome, an autism disorder characterized by severe difficulties in social situations.

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4. Rickey Henderson has recorded the most career major-league leadoff home runs (81), and Alfonso Soriano (54) is second. Who is third? 5. T or F: Atlanta Falcon’s Matt Ryan is the only QB to throw five interceptions and no TD passes in a game (2012) and still have his team win. 6. Which two teams have won the most Supporters’ Shields (best reg. season record) in Major League Soccer history?

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GENIUSES (continued): • Although we think of Alexander Graham Bell as the inventor of the telephone, he had 17 other patents, including hydrofoil boats, aerial vehicles, and selenium cells. Bell was 29 years old and working on an improvement to the telegraph when he invented the telephone. As a young boy, he had come up with a talking doll that said, “Mama,” and at age 12, built a device for the process of dehusking wheat. Following the shooting of President James Garfield in 1881, Bell quickly devised an electromagnetic apparatus to try to locate the bullet lodged in Garfield’s abdomen. In 1906, this genius with a vision said, “The day will come when the man at the telephone will be able to see the distant person to whom he is speaking.” • Robert “Bobby” Fischer was an American chess master, who at age 14, won the World Chess Championship, the youngest winner of the title. At 15, he was the youngest international grandmaster of all time. This son of a biophysicist father and a teacher, then nurse, then physician mother, Bobby learned chess when he was six years old, using the instructions from a chess set bought at a candy store. As a genius with an IQ of 187, he dropped out of high school at age 16 to dedicate himself to the game. His famous 1972 world championship match against the USSR’s Boris Spassky put Fischer in the public eye. After that match, he became a recluse and didn’t play a competitive game in public for nearly 20 years. • A modern-day genius, 30-year-old Michael Kearney received his first bachelor’s degree at age 10, and had earned three more by age 21, followed by a doctorate in chemistry at 22. Kearney spoke his first words at four months, and at six months, surprised his pediatrician by saying, “I have a left ear infection.” By 10 months, he was reading, and graduated from high school at age six.

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GENIUSES (continued):

On Aug. 21, 2013 ...

AND ONE OF THOSE YOUNG MEN, initially in critical condition, still has not returned home. KYLE JOHNSON of Grand Forks Health Department’s Mosquito Control team is in rehabilitation at Courage Center in Golden Valley, Minn., for traumatic brain and brain stem injuries.

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• When Edison was developing the phonograph, it wasn’t as a form of entertainment. He was more interested in its educational and business possibilities – teaching elocution and diction, recordings for the blind, dictation, and recording a teacher’s instructions. During the 1880s, this brilliant individual filed for a new patent on the average of every five days, more than 1,300 items over the course of his creative life. Because he had dyslexia, Edison spent just three months in public school before his mother chose to deal with his learning disability by homeschooling him. Although we mainly remember his “big” inventions, such as the stock ticker, voting machine, motion picture camera and projector, phonograph, and incandescent light bulbs, Edison was also the inventor of waxed paper! As to being a genius, Edison had this to say, “Genius is one percent inspiration and 99% perspiration.” • Kim Ung-Yong’s IQ is approximately 210, perhaps the highest in the world. By his third birthday, he was reading Japanese, Korean, German, and English, and was enrolled as a physics student at South Korea’s Hanyang University. At 8, he was invited by NASA to study in the U.S. and work for the organization. After 10 years with NASA, he returned to Korea and obtained his doctorate in civil engineering.

Tidbits Laughs A little boy asked his father, “Dad, where did my intelligence come from?” His father replied, “Well, son, you must have gotten it from your mother, because I still have mine.”

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Get a professional second opinion onTHE last MOST year’s return GETTING BACK with Second Look. STARTS WITH GETTING If you didn’t use H&R Block last year, bring in your return for a Second THEWeMOST EXPERTISE. Look Review. usually find a different result which can mean more

WILLIAM SHATNER

Tidbits beams up the facts on this famous Canadian, most widely remembered as Captain James T. Kirk.

If you didn’t use H&R Block last year, bring in your return for a Second Look® Review. We

• Born in Montreal, Quebec in 1931, Williamusually find a ®different result which can mean more money for our clients. We’ll check for to We’ll help make get the maximum refund you’re Shatner got his start as a child performer onmissed deductions money forand ourcredits, clients. checksure foryou missed deductions and credits, entitled to to. help We’llmake also certify whether or not your original return is accurate.¶ sure you get the maximum refund you’re entitled to. We’ll Canadian Broadcasting’s radio programs. also certify whether or not your original return is accurate.1 While earning his Bachelor of Commerce degree from Montreal’s McGill University, Shatner spent his summers performing with¶ Based on Second Look Reviews conducted 2009-2011. Fees apply for Second Look® reviews or if you have us prepare a corrected or amended return. will vary. If H&R Block makes an error on your return, we’ll pay resulting penalties and interest. If you are audited, we’ll explain your audit the Royal Mount Theater Company, trainingResults notice and the documentation you should provide to the auditor. ©2011 HRB Tax Group, Inc. as a Shakespearean actor. After graduation, he joined the Canadian National Repertory Based on Second Look Reviews conducted 2009-2011. Fees apply for Second Look reviews or if you have us prepare a corrected Theatre in Ottawa, acting regularly in the or amended return. Results will vary. If H&R Block makes an error on your return, we’ll pay resulting penalties and interest. If you are audited, we’ll explain your audit notice and the documentation you should provide to the auditor. ©2011 HRB Tax Group, Inc. Shakespearean Stratford Festival of Canada 2600 Demers Ave 2475 32nd Ave S 107 East 2nd Street NEW LOCATION: East Grand 56721 nMN218-793-0035 Grand Forks,210 ND Gateway Dr NE, Grand Forks, ND Forks , MNCrookston, 56716 n 218-281-3658 Phone: 701-746-7361 Phone: 701-746-0425 Phone: in Stratford, Ontario. 107 E 2ND St, Crookston , MN 56716 4 Area Locations: 218-281-3658 1

• A far cry from his Shakespearean roots, Shatner was cast as Ranger Bob on the Canadian Howdy Doody Show in 1954. Although his first movie role was the part of “a crook” in the 1951 Canadian film, The Butler’s Night Off, Shatner’s first big role was at age 26 in 1958’s The Brothers Karamazov, along with Yul Brynner. The early ‘60s were filled with lower-budget movies and TV guest spots for Shatner.

• It was Shatner’s casting as Captain James Tiberius Kirk, commander of the starship U.S.S. Enterprise in 1966 that sealed his fame. Even though Star Trek was cancelled after just 79 episodes over three seasons due to low Nielsen ratings, the series became a cult classic with thousands of followers. The shortlived program generated five additional TV series, 12 movies, and books, video games, toys, and action figures.

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210 Gateway Dr. NE 2475 32nd Ave. S. East Grand Forks, MN Grand Forks, ND If you discover an H&R Block error on your return that entitles you to a smaller tax liability, we’ll refund the tax prep fee for that return. Refund claims must 218-793-0035 be made during the calendar year in 701-746-0425 which the return was prepared. OBTP# B13696 ©2012 HRB Tax Group, Inc.

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MOMENTS IN TIME

• On Jan. 26, 1788, the first of 50,000 convicts banished from England to Australia land in Botany Bay. These were not hardened criminals; only a small minority were transported for violent offenses. Among the first group was a 70-year-old woman who had stolen cheese to eat. • On Jan. 20, 1841, China cedes the island of Hong Kong to the British. In 1898, Britain was granted an additional 99 years of rule. In September 1984, the British and the Chinese signed a formal agreement approving a 1997 turnover of the island. • On Jan. 25, 1924, the first Winter Olympics begin at Chamonix in the French Alps. Spectators were thrilled by the ski jump and bobsled, as well as 12 other events involving a total of six sports. • On Jan. 23, 1957, the Wham-O toy company rolls out the first batch of aerodynamic plastic discs, now known as Frisbees. The story of the Frisbee began in Bridgeport, Conn., where students from nearby universities would throw empty Frisbie Pie Company tins to each other, yelling “Frisbie!” as they let go.

• On Jan. 21, 1976, from London’s Heathrow Airport and Orly Airport outside Paris, the first Concordes with commercial passengers simultaneously take flight to Bahrain in the Persian Gulf and Rio de Janeiro, respectively. The Concordes flew well past the sound barrier at 1,350 mph. • On Jan. 24, 1980, U.S. officials announce that America is ready to sell military equipment (excluding weapons) to communist China as a reaction to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. An additional agreement was signed for the construction of a station in China that would be able to receive information from an American satellite. • On Jan. 22, 1998, in a Sacramento, Calif., courtroom, Theodore J. Kaczynski pleads guilty to all federal charges against him, acknowledging his responsibility for a 17-year campaign of package bombings attributed to the “Unabomber.” The “Unabomber” was named after the UNABOM Task Force. The name came from the words “university and airline bombing.” © 2014 King Features Synd., Inc.

WILLIAM SHATNER (continued): • After Star Trek’s cancellation, life became tough for Shatner. He had been typecast as Captain Kirk and offers for roles were few. His wife divorced him, taking much of his money with her, and Shatner lost his home. He lived in a pickup truck camper, hoping for better roles to come along. He guest-starred on a number of game shows and did some TV commercials to make ends meet. • In 1979, Paramount Pictures chose to produce a Star Trek movie, reuniting the original cast. The sequel, The Wrath of Khan, came along in 1982, followed by six more films, ending with 1994’s Star Trek Generations with the death of Kirk. • In the midst of filming the Star Trek movies, Shatner landed the role of police sergeant T. J. Hooker, a popular television series from 1982 to 1986. The reality show Rescue 911 followed in 1989, a seven-year stint. At age 73, he joined the cast of the legal drama The Practice in 1997, a series that spun off into Boston Legal, starring as the eccentric attorney Denny Crane, winning two Emmys for the role. Shatner has also been the spokesman for Priceline for 15 years, as well as writing several Star Trek novels, including The Ashes of Eden and Avenger. • Shatner and his co-star Leonard “Spock” Nimoy both suffer from tinnitus, which is a ringing in the ears. The hearing of both men was damaged while filming a 1967 episode of Star Trek when they stood too close to a special effects explosion. • Although he retains his Canadian citizenship, the 82-year-old Shatner, an avid horseman, and his wife own a 360-acre horse farm near Lexington, Kentucky. He has been honored with both a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and a maple leaf on the Canadian Walk of Fame.

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FOR- YOU!

These facts are for our Tidbits readers, meaning they all begin with for-! • Back in 1917, B.C. Forbes was a financial columnist for the Hearst newspaper franchise. Along with Walter Drey, the general manager of the Magazine of Wall Street, he founded Forbes magazine, a financial publication containing investing and market topics. Today his grandson Malcolm Forbes, Jr. is CEO and Editor-in Chief of Forbes. This periodical is famous for its miscellaneous lists, such as the 400 Richest Americans, the World’s Billionaires, and America’s Most Trustworthy Companies. According to Forbes, Bill Gates has been the richest American for the past 20 consecutive years, with a current estimated worth of $72 billion. • On April 14, 1865, Actor John Wilkes Booth entered a private box at Ford’s Theater in Washington, D.C. and shot President Abraham Lincoln with a .44-caliber single shot derringer as Lincoln watched a performance of Our American Cousin. Booth was a familiar face around the theater and a personal friend of the owner John T. Ford. The structure was used as an office after the assassination for 28 years until the interior collapsed, killing 22 clerks and injuring 68 others. The damage was repaired and the building remodeled into a government warehouse, used until 1931, when it became a Lincoln museum. In 1968, a complete restoration of the historic theater was finished, and it reopened as a live performance venue. The site receives about a million visitors annually.

by Samantha Weaver

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Answer

Weekly SUDOKU

• The old English word “forsooth” simply means “indeed,” “in truth,” “certainly.”

Answer

also drafted a measure that would punish those who incorrectly predicted the future. • Famed magician Harry Houdini was born with the less-than-inspiring name Erich Weiss. • There is a planet named Gliese 436b orbiting a red dwarf star. It’s about the size of Neptune, and it’s very, very hot -- roughly 820 degrees Fahrenheit. None of this is terribly unusual; what’s truly surprising is the fact that the planet’s surface is made up largely of ice (with an outer layer of hydrogen and helium) despite the heat. It seems that the gravity and atmospheric pressure are so great that water is forced into a solid form, creating so-called hot ice. • A Louisiana man once caught a grape in his mouth that was tossed from 252 feet away. * * * Thought for the Day: “He has all the virtues I dislike and none of the vices I admire.” -- Sir Winston Churchill

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• It was Polish chess grandmaster Savielly Tartakower who made the following sage observation: “Victory goes to the player who makes the next-to-last mistake.” • In the late 19th century, a single female Bengal tiger, known as the Champawat Tiger, was solely responsible for an estimated 430 deaths in India and Nepal. After evading hunters and the Nepalese Army for years, she was finally killed in 1907 by a hunter named Jim Corbett. • A leech can consume 10 times its weight in its victims’ blood. • In 2011, during a tough financial time for the nation of Romania, the government instituted a 16 percent tax on the incomes of self-proclaimed witches, fortunetellers and astrologers. Those so employed were incensed and vowed retribution, some casting spells against the president and those members of the government who had supported the legislation. In an unrelated incident, the legislature

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1. Eleven others 2. Ralph Houk, Miller Huggins, Billy Martin, Joe McCarthy, Casey Stengel, Joe Torre and Joe Girardi.

3. Bronze medal 4. Craig Biggio, with 53 5. False. Bart Starr did it in 1967 (Packers) 6. D.C. United & L.A. Galaxy (4 ea.)

in an order own John Deere plow. at • When gold for washisdiscovered in California 1848,gave thousands flocked to • Sutter’s In shortMill order,inDeere up his blacksmith the area seeking treasure. Most people shop and focused on making plows.headed The there in 1849, them nickname the company grewgiving steadily and the added many emForty-Niners. That SanJohn Francisco’s ployees. In the lateyear, 1840s, relocatedpopthe ulation 800 to more than 50,000. entire jumped operationfrom to Moline, Illinois. Ashamed of his own head lack of education, Johnbysent his California’s count increased 86,000 children theyears. state’sThe finest schools. One ofit people in to two folks who struck his weren’t proudestthe days occurred Charles rich miners, butwhen ratherson those who earned businesses the equivalent an MBA from Bell’s created to of serve the prospectors. Commercial College in Chicago. Two well-known companies that came out of erahis areson Wells Fargomanaging and Levithe Strauss. • the With Charles company,

Johninfound to pursue philanthropic in• Back 1912,time Westinghouse employees Danterests. He co-founded both the First Nationiel O’Conor and Herbert Faber teamed up on al Bank and the First Congregational Church. an invention to be used in electrical insulaHe was elected the mayor of Moline in 1873, tion. It was made of wrapped woven fabric where one of his first actions – the replacecoated with thermosetting resin, which was ment of thea city’s open drains with a sewer flattened and cured in a press. They intended pipe system – saved countless lives by reductheir product toof replace mica in the insulation, ing the spread disease. and dubbed their invention Formica, because • The original John Deere logo, registered in it was a substitute for mica. Today we most 1876, depicted a deer that was native to Afrioften think of Formica as a heat-resistant lamca. Thirty-six years later, in 1912, it was reinate with melamine resin use on kitchen placed with the image of aforNorth American countertops. white-tailed deer. In the decades that followed, the now-familiar “outline” logo took Thanks for Reading Tidbits! over as the symbol of the John Deere brand.

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FOR- YOU! (continued): • The colorless, flammable, odorous chemical DEERE. JOHN DEERE. known as formaldehyde is (continued): used in building including pressed-wood products, • materials, It was while living in Illinois that John noticed the that farmersproducts. faced when along withproblems many household It’s attempting to cigarette till soil. Because areaglues, had also found in smoke, the some formerly been the soil was permanent presswoodland, fabrics, fungicides, andrich diswith hummus, clumped and clung to infectants, and iswhich a common medical lab prethe blades of the plows farmers were accusservative and widely used at mortuaries. The tomed to using. Whilefor repairing a broken cirInternational Agency Research on Cancer cular saw, Deere stumbled upon an idea. has classified formaldehyde as a known He huemployed his smith to fashion steelis man carcinogen, andskills studies suggestthe there blade into the shape of a plow. He affixed a connection between exposure and leukemia. two wooden spokes, then hitched the device Exposure can be especially irritating to the to a horse. It plowed the heavy Illinois soil eyes, andInthroat, coughing and like anose, charm. fact, a causing farmer who happened inflammation of the tract. to be observing the respiratory test run immediately put

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