Meanderings and musings

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©2017I f orJ ac ks on

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Meander i ngs and Musi ngs Maj orI vorJ ackson

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I fyouwi s ht or epr oduc eanyi t em i naChur c hmagazi neor s i mi l arpubl i c at i onpl eas eemai lMaj orI f orJ ac ks onat c apt ai ns l i br ar y@c yber s er vi c es . c om

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Cont ent s Churches&Cat hedral s .. . .Tr avel sar oundBr i t ai n.

J us taThought .. . .At houghtt os t ar tyout hi nki ng.

AFew Bri efMes s ages .. . .J us taqui c kt hought .

Seas onalThought s .. . .Thos es pec i alt i mesoft heyear .

RoundandAbouti nNort hWal es-bec aus et hi si swher eI l i ve!

ChurchFurni t ureandArchi t ect ure. . .andanyt hi ngel s e t hatt akesmyf anc y!

SomeMoreChurchVi s i t s .

Sermonsi nBri ef. . .Theydon' tc omemuc hs hor t ert hant hi s .

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Aut hor’ sNot e

When,aboutt hr ee year sago,Idec i ded t oc utbac k my pr eac hi ngandwor s hi pl eadi ngbec aus eofmyageandheal t h, Ihad t of i nd s omeot herout l et ;whatyou r ead her e,an expans i onofmypr evi ousbookl et' J us taFew Wor ds ' ,i st he r es ul t .Mos toft hear t i c l esi nt hi spubl i c at i onwer eor i gi nal l y publ i s hedi n‘ TheBr i dge’ ,t hemagazi neofCaer nar f onand MenaiBr i dgeEngl i s hPr es byt er i anChur c hes .

I n our r et i r ementone ofour gr eatpl eas ur es has been t our i ngBr i t ai nbyc oac h,i ti sf r om t hes et r avel st hatmuc hof myi ns pi r at i on hasc ome.Ihaveedi t ed t hei t emss l i ght l y, mai nl y byc hangi ngs uc hr ef er enc esas' r ec ent l y'and' l as t mont h' .

I v o rJ a c k s o n

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ChurchesandCat hedral s Thi ss er i esi smypr i nc i pl ec ont r i but i ont o' TheBr i dge' 'The ar t i c l esar equi t es hor tt of i tt hef or matoft hemagazi ne.

Webegi nourt r avel sbyvi s i t i ngs ever alSc ot t i s hl oc at i ons .

1.TheI t al i anChapel ,Orkney On ourj our neyi ngsar ound Br i t ai n Il i ket ovi s i tasmany c hur c hes ,c at hedr al s and ot her s ac r ed s i t es as pos s i bl e.

Dur i ngourvi s i tt ot heOr kneyI s l andsIhadhopedt ohavea good l ook att he pr ehi s t or i cbur i almoundsand s t andi ng s t onest hatabound t her e,butt heweat herand t het i ght l y pac ked i t i ner ar ypr ec l uded anyt hi ngmor et han af l eet i ng gl anc e.Wedi d,however ,vi s i tt heI t al i anChapelwhi c hi sa f as c i nat i ngt es t i monyt ot hef ai t handdevot i onoft heI t al i an pr i s oner sofwar .

Thec ampont hei s l andofLambsHol m hous edt hepr i s oner s ofwarwhower ec ons t r uc t i ngt heChur c hi l lBar r i er s .The Bar r i er s wer ec onc ei ved as a bl oc kade of t he eas t er n ent r anc et oSc apaFl ow,TheGenevaConvent i on,however , does not al l ow pr i s oner s of war t o wor k on mi l i t ar y c ons t r uc t i on,s ot hepl anwasc hangedt odes i gnat et hem asa c aus ewaybet weent hei s l ands ,apur pos et heys t i l ls er ve.The c hapell ovi ngl y pr es er ved by t he l oc alpeopl e,i sal lt hat r emai nsoft hec amp.

Thepr i s oner swer egi vent wo Ni s s enhut s ,onet ous easa s c hoolandoneasac hur c h.I ts eemst hatoneoft hepr i s oner s , Domeni c o Chi oc het t i , an ar t i s t was not s at i s f i ed wi t h s omet hi ngass i mpl east hat ,t het wohut swer eputt oget her andwi t ht hec onni vanc eoft hec ampc ommander ,t hepadr e and hi sf el l ow pr i s oner s mat er i al s wer e wer el i ber at ed, 7

di ver t ed,s al vaged and ot her wi s e obt ai ned t oc r eat et hi s beaut i f ulbui l di ng.TheBr i t i s hc ommandants omehow got hol d ofpl as t er boar dst ol i net hec hapeland pr obabl yt he pai nt swi t h whi c h Chi oc het t ic r eat ed t het hei nt er i orf aux t i l esandwor ksofar tAl otofc onc r et es eemst ohavebeen di ver t edf r om bui l di ngt hec aus ewayandIunder s t andt hat t hewr ought i r onc hanc els c r eenwasei t herwel di ngr odsor r ei nf or c i ngr ods .Ot herexampl esofi ngenui t yar et heal t ar l ampsmadef r om bul l ybeefc ans .I t emswer eal s os al vaged f r om t hebl oc kades hi pswhi c h had been s unk t of or m a bar r i erwher et heywer ewor ki ng;t het i l esoft hec hanc elar e s ai dt ohavec omef r om ac apt ai n' sbat hr oom andt hebel li n t hebel lc ot eovert hewes tdoori sas hi p' sbel l .

Thec hapeland t heexper i enc eofbei ngt her ear eal mos t i mpos s i bl et odes c r i be-you' l lhavet ovi s i tyour s el ft os eet he i ngenui t y oft hes e men and t he beaut yt hey c r eat ed t o wor s hi pGod. 2.Ki rkwal l Dur i ng one of our t our s ofSc ot l and we vi s i t ed t wo c at hedr al st hat ,mai nl y bec aus e of t he i mpac t of t he r ef or mat i oni nSc ot l and,ar enol ongeri nus easc at hedr al s .

On t heway t ot heOr kneyswehad an over ni ghts t op i n Dunkel d.Dunkel dCat hedr al ,anabbeyf oundat i on,s uf f er ed muc h dur i ng t he r ef or mat i on and t he l at er17t hc ent ur y per i ods ,event ual l yl os i ngnotonl yt hes t at uar yandi nt er i or f i t t i ngs ,butal s ot her ooff r om t henaveandpor c h.I ns pi t eof t hedes t r uc t i ont hel oc alpeopl ec ont i nuedt owor s hi pi nt he c hoi r .Thi spar toft he c hur c h,whi c hi smuc hr es t or ed, c ont i nuest obeus edast hepar i s hc hur c h.

Forme,howevert hehi ghl i ghtoft het ourwast hevi s i tt o Ki r kwal l .Ki r kwal lCat hedr ali samagni f i c entbui l di ngbui l t f r om t woc ol our sofs ands t one.I ti st houghtt hatt hemas t er 8

mas onswer et r ai ned atDur ham Cat hedr aland t her ear e c er t ai nl ymanys i mi l ar i t i es .I ti sdedi c at edt oSt .Magnusand wasbui l t ,pr i mar i l yasar es t i ngpl ac ef orhi sr el i c s ,byhi s nephew St .Rognval d.Cons t r uc t i on s t ar t edi n 1137.Dur i ng r es t or at i onwor ki n1919t hebonesofbot hStMagnusandSt Rognval d wer ef ound i mmur ed and af t er t he wor k was c ompl et ed t hey wer e r et ur ned t o t hei r uni quer es t i ngpl ac ei n t hepi l l ar s .Al s ouni que i st he f ac tt hat t he bui l di ng does not bel ongt oanyChur c h, butt ot he peopl e of Ki r kwal l and t he Or kneys .I t was , of c our s e, a Roman Cat hol i cc at hedr al i n t he begi nni ng ( i nt he ar c hdi oc es e of Tr ondhei m i n Nor way! ) Af t er t he r ef or mat i on i tr emai ned a Cat hedr al ,t he l as tpr ot es t ant bi s hop l ef ti n 1688.I ti snow a pl ac eofwor s hi pf ort he Chur c h ofSc ot l and ( Pr es byt er i an) ,buts t i l lowned by t he peopl eoft hei s l ands .Ther emai nsoft heBi s hopsPal ac ec an bes eennear by.

Weof t ens ayt hatt hec hur c hi st hepeopl enott hebui l di ng, butIc annotes c apet hef eel i ngt hatt hes eanc i entbui l di ngs haveabs or beds omet hi ngf r om t hedevot i onofwor s hi pper s t hr ought hec ent ur i es .Af t ervi s i t i ngKi r kwal lIal s ogr as pt he t houghtt hati ti sagoodi deaf ort hec ommuni t yasawhol et o haveanowner s hi poft heher i t age.

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3.I ona Onourt ouroft heHebr i deswevi s i t edt hes mal lc ommuni t yof Bowmor eont heI s l eofI s l ay.Theec onomyandt our i s m oft he vi l l ager evol vesar oundt hewhi s keydi s t i l l er y.Att het opoft he s t eepl yr i s i ng Hi gh St r eet , however ,s t andsa ver y unus ual c hur c h.Thec hur c h,of f i c i al l yKi l ar r ow Par i s hChur c h,i sknown ast he RoundChur c h.Theappel l at i oni snots ur pr i s i ngf ort hat i sexac t l ywhati ti s ;s hapedl i keadr um wi t ht her oofs uppor t ed byas i ngl epi l l ar ,i ti ss ai dt ohavebeenbui l tl i ket hi ss ot hatt he devi lhasnotgotac or nert ohi dei n.

Oneoft hehi ghl i ght sofourt ourwasavi s i tt oI ona.Thi ss mal l i s l andwasnodoubts et t l edbyStCol umbaandhi sf ol l ower s bec aus eofi t speac eandt r anqui l i t y;s ur pr i s i ngl y,i ns pi t eoft he l ar gei nf l uxoft our i s t s ,i ti ss t i l laqui etandpeac ef uls pot .Ther e ar et womai ns i t esofi nt er es t ,t henunner y( r ui ns )i nt hevi l l age andt heabbeyatt het opoft hehi l l .

Spr i ngt i me s uns hi nemadei tver ypl eas antt os i tandwander amongs tt her ui nsoft he13t hc ent ur ynunner y.Onet hi ngt hat c aughtmyeyewast her owsofgr aves l absar oundt hebui l di ngs -t henunsdi s c i pl i ned and i n or dereven af t erdeat h!The nunner ywasac t i veunt i lt heRef or mat i on.

Upt hehi l ls t andsI onaAbbey.Nott heonebui l tbyStCol umba i nt he6t hc ent ur y ofc our s e,buta Benedi c t i neabbey f r om about 1203 whi c h f l our i s hed unt i lt he Ref or mat i on when bui l di ngswer edemol i s hedandal lbutt hr eeoft he360c ar ved c r os s es des t r oyed.Res t or ed i n 1899 t he Abbey i s now an ec umeni c alpl ac eofwor s hi pandt hef oc alpoi ntf orec umeni c al r et r eat s .Manyar t ef ac t sf r om t hemonas t i cs et t l ementar ei nt he c l oi s t er sandt henear bymus eum.t he12t hc ent ur yc hapelofSt Odhr รกn ( s ai dt o be Col umba' sunc l e) ,c ont ai nsa numberof medi evalgr avemonument s .Theabbeygr aveyar dc ont ai nst he gr avesofmany ear l y Sc ot t i s h Ki ngs ,aswel laski ngsf r om

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I r el and,Nor way and Fr anc e.The LabourPar t yl eaderJ ohn Smi t hi sbur i edher et oget herwi t hwel lknownSc ot t i s hKi ngs l i keMac bet h,Dunc anandMal c ol mI

Bac kt oAngl es eyandoneofourmanyi nt er es t i ngc hur c hes .

4.Ll anei l i an Wedon' thavet ot r avelf art of i ndi nt er es t i ngc hur c hes .The onededi c at ed t o StEi l i an i san exampl e.Appr oac hi ngSt Ei l i an' sc hur c h,i nt heLl an bear i nghi sname,onec annot hel p butnot i c et he s ol i d br oad t ower wi t hi t s unus ual pyr ami dr oof .Thet oweri st wel f t hc ent ur yandasyout ur n youreyesal ong l engt hofc hur c hyouar e pas s i ngt hr ough s ever al c ent ur i es of hi s t or y and c hur c h ar c hi t ec t ur e.

However ,i ti swhen wego i nt ot hec hur c ht hatt her eal t r eas ur ehous ei sent er ed.I ts eemst ohaveavoi ded,per haps by bei ng a l i t t l e outoft he way,t he wor s tat t ent i onsof r ef or mer sand' r es t or er s 'but t hec ent ur i eshavet akent hei r t ol l .

Al t hought her oods c r eeni spr obabl yt hebes tknown' t hi ngt os ee' ,t her ei smuc h el s eofi nt er es ti nt hi sl i t t l ec hur c h.

Amongs ti t emson di s pl ay ar e dog t ongsdat ed 1748;di d par i s hi oner sbr i ng t hei rbadl ybehaveddogsi nt oc hur c hor wer et heyt odealwi t hs t r ays ?Thes ol i doakc hes tdat ed1667 was ,you may be t ol d,t o hol dt he weal t h oft he c hur c h ac c umul at edf r om t hedonat i onsofmedi evalpi l gr i ms .

As l ype ( added about1614)l eads f r om t he15t hc ent ur y c hanc elt ot he14t hc ent ur yStEi l i an' sChapel .Donotl ett hes e dat esdec ei veyou,f ort hec hapeli sver ypr obabl yt he5t h c ent ur ys i t eoft hes ai nt ' sor i gi nalc el l .I ti sher et hatyouwi l l 11

f i ndt hever yr ar ewooden bas eofa15t hc ent ur y,pr obabl y por t abl e,al t ar.

Thec hur c hc ont ai nss omes t r i ki ngmedi evalwoodwor kand c ar vi ngs ,es pec i al l ynot abl ei st her oods c r eenandandt he vi nec ar ved on t her ood l of t .Thepai nt i ngsovert her ood s c r eenhavebec omever yf aded,butpi c t ur esf r om t he1920s s how t hem ast heywer et hen.Ofc our s eever yone' sat t ent i on i sdr awnt ot hec ent r alf i gur e— as kel et on.Hei sa mement o mor i,ar emi nderoft hemor t al i t yofman.Thegr i mf i gur e' s mes s age i semphas i s ed by t he i ns c r i pt i on t hathe c ar r i es " Col ynangauyw pe c hod"-i nEngl i s h," Thes t i ngofdeat hi s s i n"

5.Li chf i el d.

Fr om t i met ot i meourt ourc oac heshaveal unc ht i mes t opat Li c hf i el d,ac i t ywi t hwhatIc ons i dert obeoneoft hef i nes t c at hedr al si nBr i t ai n.l ti sal s oofs pec i ali nt er es ti fyoul i veon Angl es ey.Li c hf i el d haspr obabl ys uf f er ed mor ef r om t he r avagesoft heRef or mat i onandt he vi ol enc eandexc es s esof t heCi vi lWart hananyot herc hur c hi nBr i t ai n;i thasputt he pas tbehi ndi tandr i s enovert hel as t450year st oi t spr es ent days pl endour .

Dur i ngt heCi vi lWari twasc ommandeer edbyt heRoyal i s t s asagar r i s onands owasheavi l ybombar dedandmuc hoft he anc i entf abr i c ei t her badl y damaged or des t r oyed.Thi s des t r uc t i oni nc l udedt heWes tf r ontwhi c hhasovert heyear s beenr es t or edandnow hasonehundr edandones t at uesof s ai nt sands over ei gns ;agui det ot hem i savai l abl e,al t hough i ti sanamus i ngpas t i met r yi ngt oi dent i f yt hem al l ;apr et t y hopel es st as k.I ti sal s or enownedf orbei ngt heonl ymedi eval c at hedr alwi t ht hr ees pi r es ,known as‘ TheLadi es oft he Val e' .

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Ther ear ef armor et hi ngsofi nt er es tt han I c oul d ever ment i oni nt hi ss hor tar t i c l e,Iwi l lc omet os omei nas ec ond par t ,butIwantt oment i ont hatof s pec i ali nt er es ti st hec onnec t i on wi t ht hePagetf ami l y,t hei rf ami l y home and t he 1s tMar ques s of Angl es ey,who i s bur i ed i nt he f ami l yvaul t andhasamemor i al i nhi sr egi ment ’ sc hapel .

6.Li chf i el d:Part2 I ti sdi f f i c ul tt oknow j us twher e t os t ar t des c r i bi ngt he t r eas ur es ofLi c hf i el d Cat hedr al .Per haps t he t hi ng t hat s t r i kesmos tpeopl east heyent ert hebui l di ngi st hes t ai ned gl as si nt heeas tend.Is uppos et hatt hes ewi ndowsc oul dbe c l as s ed as‘ ar c hi t ec t ur als al vage’f ort hey c ome f r om t he AbbeyofHer kenr odei nBel gi um.Cons i der edt obes omeof t hef i nes tmedi evalFl emi s h pai nt edgl as si n exi s t enc e,t he wi ndowsdat ef r om 1530.TheAbbeywasdi s s ol veddur i ng t he Napol eoni c War si n 1801.Pur c has ed by Si r Br ooke Boot hby,t hewi ndows wer es ol dont ot hec at hedr alf ort he s amepr i c e.Thewi ndowsandt hes t onewor kar oundt hem have r ec ent l y under gone ext ens i ve r es t or at i on and c ons er vat i on.

A uni quef eat ur eoft hi sc at hedr al i st hepedi l avi um,an ar c adedes i gned f ort hec er emoni alwas hi ngoff eet .Thi s l eadst ot heoc t agonalc hapt erhous ewhi c hi sus edt oexhi bi t t heLi c hf i el dGos pel s.Thi sbeaut i f uli l l umi nat edmanus c r i pt dat esf r om about730 and i nc l udess ome oft he ear l i es t knownexampl esofwr i t t enWel s h.

Thec hapt erhous eal s odi s pl ayst heLi c hf i el dAngelanei ght h c ent ur ys c ul pt edpaneloft heAr c hangelGabr i el .Thet wof oot t al ll i mes t one panel ,t houghtt o be par tofa c hes t ,was 13

di s c over edundert henavei n2003.I thasbeenbr okeni nt o t hr eepar t s .

Ther ei ss omuc ht os eeandt al kabouti nt hi sc at hedr alt hatI c oul df i l labook;youmus tgoands eei tf oryour s el f .

7.From Li ndi s f arnet oDurham.

Wi t hi nt hepr ec i nc t soft her ui nedLi ndi s f ar nePr i or ys t ands t hepar i s hc hur c hofStMar y' s .Ent er i ngt hec hur c hmyeyes wer edr awnnott ot het wel f t hc ent ur yar c hi t ec t ur eor t he Vi c t or i ans t ai nedgl as s ;butt ot hemoder nwoodens c ul pt ur e ' TheJ our ney' .Thi ss c ul pt ur e,byFenwi c kLaws on,i sal i f es i ze depi c t i onofs i xmonksc ar r yi ngt hec of f i nofStCut hber ton " The J our ney" whi c h event ual l yt ook hi m t o Dur ham.

Per hapswes houl dc al lt hi sj our ney" TheJ our neyi ngs " ,f or Cut hber tt r avel l ed f armor eaf t erhi sdeat ht han when he wasal i ve.

Thepr i or ywasabandonedi n873af t erbei ngs ubj ec tt or ai ds by t heDanes .Benedi c t i nesr et ur ned about1083unt i lt he Di s s ol ut i oni nt her ei gnofHenr yVI I I .Li ndi s f ar ne,l i kemany ot hermonas t i cbui l di ngss uf f er eddur i ngt heDi s s ol ut i onand f el li nt or ui ndur i ngs uc c eedi ngc ent ur i es .Wal ki ngar ound t hes i t e,however ,onec annothel pr ef l ec tont hel i vesoft he monksi nwhatwast henawi l dandr emot epl ac e.

StCut hber ti spr obabl yt hebes tknown per s on c onnec t ed wi t hLi ndi s f ar neandIwi l lbewr i t i ngabouthi sj our neyt o Dur ham i nmynextar t i c l e.

8.Durham 14

Tr avel l i ngf r om Li ndi s f ar net oDur ham If oundt hatStCut hber t hadal r eadyar r i vedi nt hes hoppi ngar eaf orabr onzec as t i ngof ' TheJ our ney' .byFenwi c kLaws on,t hatwes aw onLi ndi s f ar ne, s t andsi nt hes hoppi ngar ea.Wet ookaf armor edi r ec tj our ney t hanhedi dhowever . .

When t heDanesover r an Li ndi s f ar ne i n 875 t hemonksf l ed,c ar r yi ngwi t h t hem StCut hber t ' s body.For s even year st heywander edar oundnor t her n Engl and.Hewass et t l edatChes t er l eSt r eetunt i l ,i n995,af r es ht hr eatc ame f r om Sc andi navi a and Cut hber t r es umedhi sj our neyi ngs ,t hi st i met o Ri pon.The monks bel i eved t hatt he Sai ntwast el l i ngt hem t ot akehi m t o Dur ham.I nDur ham anew c hur c hwas bui l t ;“ TheWhi t e Chur c h� .Thi swast hepr edec es s oroft oday' s magni f i c entNor manc at hedr al .StCut hber ti ss t i l lt her ei nhi s s i mpl es hr i ne.

Dur ham i sr enownedf ort hegr andeurofi t sar c hi t ec t ur e.I t s hugec ol umnsmanaget obebot hs t ur dyl ooki ngandgr ac ef ulat t he s ame t i me.I t st r eas ur esoft he pas ti nc l ude r el i c sofSt Cut hber tandoft heVener abl eBede,t heheadofStOs wal dof Nor t humbr i a. andt hr eec opi esoft heMagnaCar t a.I naddi t i on, TheLi br ar yc ont ai nsoneoft hemos tc ompl et es et sofear l y pr i nt ed books i n Engl and as wel l as t he pr eDi s s ol ut i on monas t i cac c ount s ,Thepr omi nents anc t uar yknoc keron t he wes tdoori samoder nr epl i c a,t heor i gi nalbei nganot heroft he t r eas ur esondi s pl ay.

Ar ec entaddi t i on t o obj ec t sofi nt er es ti sa modelof t he Cat hedr alc ons t r uc t edwi t hLegobr i c ks .Havi ng t aken t hr ee year st obui l dus i ng300, 000br i c ks ,t he3.

84m l ong,1.

53m wi de

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and1.

7m hi ghmodeli sanac c ur at es c al er epr es ent at i onoft he Cat hedr al .

9.TenbyandCal deyI s l and The s mal lwal l ed t own ofTenby i n Pembr okes hi r ei sa pl eas antl i t t l es eas i det ownt hatal s oof f er sagr eatday( or t wo)outf ort hec hur c hexpl or er .Ther ei sf armor et os eeand dot han Ic oul ddes c r i bei nt hi ss hor tar t i c l e.Notonl yar e t her et wo c hur c hesi nt het own t ol ook at ,i ti sal s ot he s t ar t i ngpoi ntf ort heboatt oCal deyI s l and.

I nt hec ent r eoft het ownwef i ndt hepar i s hc hur c hof St Mar y.Li ke many c hur c hesbui l ti ns mal lbutpr os per ous t owns ,i ti sani mpos i ngedi f i c eaddedt oovert hec ent ur i es .

The s t one ar c hr ui ns t andi ng t ot he eas twas a c l er gy r es i denc eora c hoi rs c hool .Al t hough I havevi s i t ed t he c hur c hs ever alt i mes ,If i ndt hei nt er i oral i t t l ec onf us i ngasi t doesnotpr es enti t s el fi naf ami l i arc hur c hpat t er n.Thet wo ai s l ednavedoesnotl eadt ot r ans ept sandc r os s i ng;t hes out h ai s l ec omest o an end att he t ower ,beyond whi c hi sSt Thomas ’c hapel .Anot abl ememor i ali st ot hemat hemat i c i an Rober tRec or de,i nvent oroft heequal ss i gn ( =) .Thenor t h ai s l ec omest o StNi c hol as ’c hapelwi t hi t smemor i al sand t ombs Thes mal lStJ ul i an' sChur c horFi s her men’ sChapeli si nt he Har bour .Theor i gi nalFi s her men’ sChapeldat edbac kl i nksat l eas tasf aras1539ands t oodont heol dpi er .Thec hapeland pi erwer edemol i s hed i n 1840and StJ ul i an' sChur c h was bui l tbet ween1874and1878,asar epl ac ement ,t os er vet he s eaf ar i ng c ommuni t y.Bui l tofs t one f r om near

by Cal dey 16

I s l andi thass ever ali nt er es t i ngwi ndowsandapai nt i ngof TheGoodShepher dovert heal t ar .

At went ymi nut eboatt r i pt akesust oCal deyI s l and.Thef i r s t monksont hei s l andwer ef r om t heCel t i cc hur c handi thas beenhomet ovar i ousor der sofmonksovert hec ent ur i es ,t he pr es entonesbei ngCi s t er c i ans .Ther ear et woc hur c hest o vi s i t :t hemedi evalc hur c hesofStDavi dwi t hi t ss t ai nedgl as s byt hemonkTheodor eBai l yi nt he1920sandStI l l t udatt he Ol dPr i or y,di s pl ayi ngt heCal deyOgham St one.Vi s i t or sar e al s owel c omet oat t endoneoft hes hor tc hant eds er vi c esi n t heAbbeyChur c h,whi c hf or m par toft hedai l ypr ayerl i f eof t hemonks .Al t houghIhavevi s i t edt he i s l andonmor et han oneoc c as i on,Ihavenevermanagedt oc at c has er vi c e.

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10.TheChapelRoyal ,Hampt onCourt .

Gr eatmedi ævalc at hedr al sandabbeyc hur c hesar enott he onl yi nt er es t i ngpl ac esofwor s hi p.Smal li ss omet i mesmor e i mpr es s i vet hanl ar ge:i ti sc er t ai nl yt hec as ewi t ht heChapel Royali nHampt onCour tPal ac e.Iwass omewhatt akenabac k whent heat t endanti nf or medme,r at hers t er nl y,t hatIwas ent er i ngapl ac eofwor s hi pc aus i ngmet owonderwhatt he behavi ourofs omevi s i t or si s .

Whatwes eet odayi spr i mar i l yt hedes i gnofSi rChr i s t opher Wr en i nt he r ei gnsofWi l l i am and Mar y and Anne.The Chur c hor i gi nal l yont hi ss potwasa13t hc ent ur yTempl ar c hapel .Wol s ey’ sTudorc hapeloft he1520swasembel l i s hed byHenr yVI I I .Theal t arhasamas s i vebutpl ai noakr er edos wi t hgar l andsc ar vedbyGr i nl i ngGi bbonsdur i ngt her ei gnof QueenAnne.

Al lt hatr emai nsoft heTudordec or at i oni st het i mberand pl as t erc ei l i ngmadef orKi ngHenr yVI I II ti sc ons i der edt obe oneoft hefines texampl esi nEngl andofaTudorpendant vaul t ed c ei l i ng.The c ei l i ng was pr ef abr i c at ed i n oak at Sonni ngi nBer ks hi r ebef or ebei ngpai nt edandgi l dedons i t e.

Thebr i ghtTudorc ol ours c hemewasr es t or edi n1847.

TheRoyalMot t o‘ Di eu etmon Dr oi t ’( God and my Ri ght ) appear st hi r t yt wo t i mes ,expr es s i ng Ki ng Henr y VI I I ’ s c onvi c t i ont hatt heTudorDynas t ypos s es s edDi vi neaut hor i t y I nagal l er ywi t hac l earvi ew oft heal t ar( andas pec t ac ul ar 18

vi ew oft hec ei l i ng) ,i st her oyalpew wher et her oyalf ami l y at t endeds er vi c esapar tf r om t hegener alc ongr egat i ons eat ed bel ow.I nt hes amegal l er yi st her at hers mal lr oom orc hapel , knownast heQueen’ sHol yDayCl os et ,wher eHenr yVI I Iand AnneBol eynwer emar r i ed.Dai l ys er vi c esar es t i l ls ai dt her e.

11.Beddgel ert Iwass ur pr i s edwhenvi s i t i ngt hec hur c hi nBeddgel er tt os ee t hats er vi c et i mesl i s t edont henot i c eboar dgavenotonl yt he t i mesofwor s hi pf ort heChur c hi nWal esc ongr egat i on,but al s o t i mes f or Roman Cat hol i c mas s ; how t i mes and ec umeni c al i s m havec hangedovert hec ent ur i es .

The Pr i or y and Par i s h Chur c h of Val l ey Sai nt Mar y, Beddgel er ti sanamet hatevokesi none' smi ndapi c t ur eofa gr eatmonas t i cs et t l ement ,butasyouappr oac hi torvi ew i t f r om t her i ver s i deyouc angr as pl i t t l eofi t spas tgl or y.I twas i nt hebegi nni ngaCel t i cChr i s t i anc ommuni t yorc l as .Li ke ot hers i mi l arc ommuni t i es ,s uc hasPenmonand Bar ds ey,i n t heear l y 13t hc ent ur yi tbec amea pr i or y ofAugus t i ni an Canons .Suc h as et t l ement woul d have been bui l t ,mos t pr obabl y,t ot hes out hs i deoft hec hur c hbut ,unl i kePenmon, t her ei sl i t t l et r ac eofi tt oday.

I nt he t r ans i t i on f r om pr i or yt ot he pr es entday par i s h c hur c h s ever al c hanges have t aken pl ac e. The mos t s i gni f i c antbei ngt hel os soft henor t hai s l ewhi c hgi vest he i nt er i oral ops i dednes s .Wec annotbl amet hedi s s ol ut i onf or ever yt hi ng,ast hel os soft henor t hai s l e,oakc ar vi ngsand medi ævals t ai ned gl as s wer et he r es ul tof19t hc ent ur y ' r es t or at i on’ .

An expl or at or ywal kr ound t heout s i deoft hec hur c h wi l l r evealanumberofc l uest oal t er at i ons ;s omeoft hes et r ac es oft hepas tar eagr i t s t onedoorbas e,t hebl oc kedupdoort oa 19

Wes tgal l er yandt hepoi ntwher et her ewasaneas twi ndow i nt henor t hai s l e.

Al t hough t hi sc hur c hi s att he end ofSt r yd yr Egl wys (Chur c hSt r eet )i t sl oc at i oni snoti mmedi at el yobvi ous ,wal k downf r om t heNat i onalTr us ts hopr i ghtt ot heendoft he s t r eet .I t ' swel lwor t havi s i tandt her ei smuc hofi nt er es t .

12.Ches t erf i el d​ .

The c r ooked s pi r ei n Ches t er f i el di sa c ur i os i t yt hati sa s ubs t ant i alpar toft hec hur c h.I ti sal andmar kt hathasbec ome as ymbolof t het own.Ther ear eaboutahundr edc hur c hesi n Eur ope t hatc l ai m t o be t wi s t ed or c r ooked,butnone c an c ompar ewi t ht hes pi r eofStMar yandAl lSai nt sc hur c hi nt he Der bys hi r et ownofChes t er f i el d.Bui l ti nt he14t hc ent ur yt he s pi r er i s est oahei ghtof228f eetabovet hegr oundandl eans about9f eet .

Theques t i ont hatever yoneas ksi s" How di dt hes pi r ebec ome c r ooked?” .Li kemos tmedi evalbui l di ngsands t r uc t ur es ,l egends abound,us ual l yi nvol vi ngt hedevi l .Ac t ual l yt hemos tl i kel y s c enar i oi st hat uns eas onedt i mberwasus edandt heheatof t hes uns pl i tt hegr eenwoodofoneoft hemai ns uppor t s .The ef f ec toft wi s t i ngi shei ght enedbyt hel eadpl at es( 32t onsof t hem! )bei ngl ai d her r i ngbonef as hi on,c aus i ngt heei ghtf l at s i dest oappeart obec hannel l edandt wi s t ed.

The t wi s t ed s pi r ei s a pr omi nentl andmar k and a t our i s t at t r ac t i on,butt hec hur c hi t s el fi sani nt er es t i ngbui l di ngand pl ac e ofwor s hi p wel lwor t hs pendi ng s ome t i me i n.Iam i nt er es t edi ns t ai nedgl as sandt hi sc hur c hhasaweal t ht os ee, i nc l udi ngs omemoder nexampl es .The' Anni ver s ar yWi ndow’ , c ommemor at i ngt he750t hanni ver s ar yoft hec hur c hi n1984,i s ofpar t i c ul ari nt er es t .Themanyot herwor ksofar ti nc l udea f i ner ood,dat i ngf r om 1915,abovet hec hanc elar c h and t he Madonnaand Chi l d,ami l l enni um gi f t ,byt hes c ul pt orPet er EugeneBal l .

20

Thes edaysIs omet i mesus eawal ki ngai dandonmyr ec entvi s i t If ounds omeoft henar r ow ai s l esands t epsal i t t l edi f f i c ul t .

Dai l yt our soft heTowert ot hebas eoft he' Cr ookedSpi r e't ake pl ac eMondayt oSat ur dayf r om Eas t ert oChr i s t mas( weat her ands t af fper mi t t i ng)

( Al i t t l edi f f er entt omyus ualar t i c l esi nt hi ss er i es . ) .

13.Church,Cat hedral ,Mi ns t er?

Themys t er yt ourc oac hdr i vers oundedal i t t l ebewi l der edas heannounc edourappr oac ht oDonc as t er ," Myi nf or mat i on, " hes ai d," t el l smet hatoneoft hepl ac est ovi s i ti st heMi ns t er , Ial wayst houghtt hati twasac at hedr al . "" No,i t ' sac hur c h. " dec l ar edoneoft hepas s enger s .Iwasatt hebac koft hec oac h andkeptmyownc ouns el .Thi si nc i dentc amebac kt omi nda l i t t l ewhi l eago when a di s c us s i on ar os ei nt heFac ebook pagesofaDonc as t er( myhomet own)l oc alhi s t or ygr oupon t hes ames ubj ec t ,wher eIt r i edt oc l ar i f yt het er ms .So,what ar emi ns t er sandc at hedr al s ?Wear edi s c us s i ngt heChur c h ofEngl and;Angl i c an c hur c hesi n Wal esand Sc ot l and ar e s l i ght l ydi f f er ent .Chur c h,ofc our s e,i smor eorl es sanypl ac e ofwor s hi p.Def i ni ngac at hedr ali sf ai r l ys i mpl e,i ti st he pr i nc i palc hur c h ofa di oc es e wher et he bi s hop hashi s c at hedr aort hr one.Toaddt ot hec onf us i on,s omec at hedr al s ar eal s oknownasMi ns t er s(e. g.Yor k,Sout hwel l . ) Aswi t hs o muc hi nt hec hur c h,wehavet o go bac kt o medi ĂŚvalt i mesf oranans wert ot hemi ns t erques t i on.The f i r s tus eoft het er m mi ns t eri sf oundi n7t hc ent ur yr oyal f oundat i onc har t er s .Or i gi nal l ydes i gnat i ngac ommuni t yof c l er gy endowed by c har t er wi t h t he obl i gat i on of mai nt ai ni ngt hedai l yof f i c eofpr ayer .Mi ns t er sdec l i nedi n 21

i mpor t anc east hepar i s hs ys t em devel oped f r om t he11t h c ent ur y,butt henamec ont i nuedt obeus edf orac at hedr al , monas t er y,c ol l egi at ec hur c h orpar i s hc hur c h whi c h had or i gi nat ed wi t h an Angl oSaxon f oundat i on.Event ual l yi t began t o be us ed f or " any l ar ge or i mpor t antc hur c h, es pec i al l yac ol l egi at eorc at hedr alc hur c h" .Somemi ns t er s l i veoni nt henameoft het own( Axmi ns t erandLeomi ns t er f or exampl e) .

Butwhy has our par i s hc hur c h bec ome a mi ns t er ?i st heques t i onbei ngas kedbymany.Thei ndus t r i al r evol ut i ons aw l ar gec hangesi npopul at i ondi s t r i but i onand new di oc es esand c at hedr al swer ec r eat ed t o ans wert he need.Wenow l i ve,Iam t ol d,i na ' pos t i ndus t r i al 's oc i et y andt hes i t uat i onhasc hangedonc emor e.

Theur banmi ns t eri sal at et went i et hc ent ur yc onc eptoft he Chur c h ofEngl and t o ans wert heper c ei ved needsoft hi s moder ns oc i et yandgi vet hec hur c h af oc alpoi nti ns ome ar eas .Overt hel as tf ew year sanumberofl ar geur banar eas havehadt hei rpr i nc i palc hur c hgi vent hehonor i f i ct i t l eof Mi ns t er .An Ur ban Mi ns t erpl aysmany oft he r ol esofa Cat hedr ali nac i t yorc onur bat i onwhi c hhasnoCat hedr al Chur c h.I t smi ni s t r yi snotpr i mar i l yt oageogr aphi c alpar i s h, butt ot hewhol ec i t yort owns hi p.

22

14.Derby.

Al t hough Ihad s een t heGeor gi an ar c hi t ec t ur ef r om out s i de, wal ki ngt hr ought hemoder ndoor satt hef ootofal of t y16t h c ent ur yt oweri nt ot heneoc l as s i c algl or yofJ amesGi bbsDer by c at hedr al wasqui t ebr eat ht aki ng.Al lSai nt sDer byi snott he t ower i ng Got hi c bui l di ng t hati s nor mal l y as s oc i at ed wi t h c at hedr al s ,butabr i ghtandat t r ac t i vepl ac eofwor s hi pt hati s oneoft hes mal l es t Br i t i s hc at hedr al s .For mer l yt hepar i s h c hur c h,i tdi dnotbec omeac at hedr alunt i l1927.J amesGi bbs hadpr evi ous l ydes i gnedt wowel lknownLondonc hur c hes ,St Mar yl eSt r andand.StMar t i ni nt heFi el ds .

The c hur c h' sf eat ur esar ec ont r i but ed t o by i t shi s t or y,f or muc hofi t sexi s t enc ei twasaRoyalPec ul i arandt hec ent r e,asi t s t i l li s ,f ormuc hoft hec i vi cl i f eoft het own.I ti st hi shi s t or yt hat pr es ent suswi t hs omeunus ualf eat ur es .AsaRoyalPec ul i ari t hadi t sownCons i s t or yCour tandont heNor t hwal l ,dat i ngf r om 1643 i st hec anopi eds eatf r om whi c ht heAr c hdeac onwoul d c onduc tec c l es i as t i c all egalaf f ai r soft heCour t .The Counc i lhas apew wi t hi r onwor kwhi c h,al t houghmoder n,r ef l ec t smuc hof t heot herwor ksi nt hebui l di ng.TheMayor ' spew hasi r onwor k byRober tBakewel lwhoa! s of abr i c at edt heRoodSc r eeni n1730.

Thegat eout s i det heWes tdoori sal s obyBakewel l ,al t hough t hi sc amef r 4om ahous ei nStMar y' sGat et or epl ac eonet hat ' di s appear ed' dur i ngr oadwi deni ngi n1870.

Iam notagr eatf anofmoder ngl as sar t ,al t houghIhavet o admi tt hatt het wowi ndowsbyCer iRi c har ds ,att heeas tendof t heai s l es ,do add c ol our .Iam t ol dt hatt hey r epr es entt he dedi c at i on of t he c hur c h,Al lSoul s and Al lSai nt s ,but I per s onal l ys t r uggl e wi t ht he s ymbol i s m.They ar et he onl y c ol our edwi ndowsi nt hec at hedr al .

Ther ei sar i ngoft en bel l s ,al lmor et han 300year sol d.Of par t i c ul arnot ei st hec ar i l l onwhi c hpl ayst hr eet i meseac hday.

Sur pr i s i ngl y,i ns pi t eoft he ar ebui l di ngovert heyear s ,t her e ar equi t eanumberofol dmemor i al s .I n t hes out hai s l ei san 23

unus ualwoodenef f i gyt houghtt obeRober tJ ohns on,whowas Subdean i n 1527. Themos tf amousmonument ,t oEl i zabet h Tal bot ,Count es sofShr ews bur y( 15271608) ,bet t erknown as Bes sofHar dwi c k.Thi si sal ar ge i nbl ac kandwhi t emar bl e edi f i c ewi t hac ol our edl i f es i zedef f i gyofBes sher s el fAs mal l exhi bi t i oni sadj ac entt ohermemor i al.She,t oget herwi t hmany ofherf ami l y,i sbur i edi nt hevaul tbel ow.Theyi nc l udet he s c i ent i s tHenr yCavendi s h( 17311810)Ac r os st henavei nt he nor t h ai s l ei san al abas t ermonumentt oJ ohn Lawe,anot her SubDeanoft he15t hc ent ur y( wedon' tknow whenhedi edas , al t hought her ei sas pac ef ori t ,nobodyt houghtt oi ns er tt he dat e! ) Bef or e we l eave t he Cat hedr al I mus t ment i ont hePer egr i ne Fal c onPr oj ec t .I n 2005 i twasdi s c over ed t hat a pai r of per egr i ne f al c ons had t aken up r es i denc e on t he c at hedr al t ower ( I s uppos et hati t ' sbet t er t hanhavi ngbat si nt he bel f r y) . I n 2006 a nes t i ng pl at f or m was i ns t al l ed,andt hebi r ds nes t ed t her ei n Apr i l .

Thes amepai rhaves uc c es s f ul l yr ear edc hi c ksever yyears i nc e t hen.The Der

by Cat hedr alPer egr i ne Pr oj ec tai mst o br i ng peopl eal i t t l ebi tc l os ert ot hes eamazi ngwi l dbi r dsofpr ey.

Webc amshavebeeni ns t al l ed t oenabl et hebi r dst obes eenat c l os er angewi t houtbei ngdi s t ur bedbyhumanc ont ac t .

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15.

Monkwearmout h.

StPet er ' s ,Monkwear mout h,i sof ft henor malt our i s tt r ai lyet i sanI mpor t antpar toft hes t or yofChr i s t i ani t yi nEngl and.

Thi swaspar toft hemonas t er yofWear mout handJ ar r ow wher eBedegothi seduc at i onands pentmos tofhi sl i f e.Bede c al l edi tonemonas t er yi nt wopl ac es Thebui l di ngofStPet er ' s ,pr obabl yEngl and' sol des ts t one Chur c h,began i n 674 and amazi ngl yi ns pi t e ofal li t s vi c i s s i t udesand oft hatbui l di ngs t i l lexi s t saspar toft he pr es entc hur c h.I tal s o boas t sof t heol des ts t ai ned gl as s t h i nt r oduc edbyBi s hopBenedi c ti nt he7 c ent ur y,notal asa c ompl et ewi ndow butonl ypor t i ons .Idi s c over edt hats ome oft hi sgl as si sondi s pl ayi nt henear byNat i onalGl as sCent r e (Iunder s t and t hatot her f r agment s ar e on di s pl ay i n Sunder l and Mus eum and at J ar r ow) .The s t ai ned gl as s wi ndowsi nt heNor t h ai s l eand t heeas twi ndowsdepi c t t h s ai nt sandar e20 c ent ur y.

Per hapseven mor et hanmanyot hermonas t i cs et t l ement si t t h hashaddi f f i c ul tt i mes .A9 c ent ur yr ai dbyt heVi ki ngswas f ol l owedbydes t r uc t i onbyMal c ol mI I IofSc ot l andi n1070.A per i odofr es t or at i onf ol l owedunt i lt heDi s s ol ut i on,wheni t bec ameapar i s hc hur c h.Inot edt hatwhathadc l ear l ybeen ac r uc i f or mc hur c hhadbec omemor eofanaveandc hanc el bui l di ng by t he addi t i on ofa Nor t h ai s l e,notasIf i r s t h t h s ur mi s edaVi c t or i an' i mpr ovement 'buta13 -14 c ent ur y devel opment .

The monas t i cbui l di ngswer es ol d of fby t he Cr own and i nc or por at edi nt oJ ac obean mans i on whi c h, t oget herwi t h manyhi s t or i cdoc ument s ,wasdes t r oyedbyf i r ei n1790.The i mpac toft hei ndus t r i alr evol ut i onwasgr eatdec l i nei nt he bui l di ngasc oals hi psdoc ki ngnear byt i pped t hei rbal l as t , par t i al l ybur yi ng​ t hec hur c h;t hepor c hwasal s ol etent i r el y c over ed. I n 1866, i n t hat Vi c t or i an per i od of Chur c h 25

r es t or at i on a l otofwor k wasc ar r i ed outand wasf ul l y r es t or edby1875.

Thec hur c hhasanumberofobj ec t sandf eat ur esofi nt er es t . t h Fr om t heear l yper i od oft hec hur c h' s hi s t or yar et he7 c ent ur yc ar vi ngsi nt hepor c h,t heabbot ' ss eatand c l er gy benc handanear l yc ons ec r at i onc r os s .

WhenIvi s i t ed,t heambi t i ouspr oj ec tt ohi ghl i ghtt heor i gi ns oft hemonas t er yofWear mout handJ ar r ow,waswel lunder way.OverÂŁ1mi l l i on ofSunder l and Ci t y Counc i l ' sc api t al i nves t mentpr ogr ammewi l lbei nves t edi nt hel ands c api ng, i nt er pr et at i onandot herpl annedi mpr ovement s .Wal l shave been bui l tt o out l i net heor i gi nalwal l soft hemonas t er y, t aki ngbur i edar c haeol ogi c alr emai nsandus i ngt hem asa moder n gar den,ast he of f i c i albl ur bs aysr epl i c at i ng t he monas t i cf oot pr i ntandi nc or por at i ngi nt er pr et i vemat er i al .

Ther ear eext ens i vepl ansf ort hedevel opmentoft hegar dens .

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16.Chri s t church,PortSunl i ght Li keever yt hi ngel s et hatWi l l i am Hes ket hLeverhadbui l tor c ons t r uc t ed i n Por tSunl i ght ,Chr i s t c hur c h hast hehi ghes t s t andar ds of des i gn and c ons t r uc t i on. The neogot hi c bui l di ng i snot ,al t hough vi r t ual l yt he Par i s h Chur c h,an Angl i c an c hur c h butpar toft he Uni t ed Ref or m Chur c h.

Lever svi s i on wasf orac hur c h wher eal lChr i s t i ansc oul d wor s hi pwi t houtdenomi nat i onalboundar i esand,al t houghi t wast obeaCongr egat i onalc hur c h,t hi sai m wasac hi eved.

Bui l tofr ed s ands t onef r om Hel s by,wi t h as quar et ower wi t hapealofei ghtbel l s .I ti sac r uc i f or mc hur c hhavi ngt wo f ai r l ys hor tt r ans ept s .The c hur c hc ont ai nss ome s uper b woodwor ki nc l udi ngt her oofandc ar vedpew ends .A f i ne exampl eofhi ghqual i t ywoodwor ki st hemonument alor gan c as i ng,whi c h hous eswhati sc ons i der ed t obeoneoft he f i nes texampl esofear l yt went i et hc ent ur yor gans .Thef our manuali ns t r umentwasbui l tbyWi l l i sandCompanyandi s r ec ogni s ed byt heBr i t i s hI ns t i t ut eofOr gan St udi esasan i ns t r umentofi mpor t anc et ot henat i onalher i t age.

Ther ei ss t ai nedgl as si nbot ht heEas tandt heWes twi ndows .

Thes ewi ndowsar ef r om t hewor ks hopsofHes t on,But l er andBayneanddepi c tBi bl es c enes ,mos t l yr ef l ec t i ngs ome as pec toff ami l yl i f e.Bot hwer edonat edbyLor dLever hul me, t he Eas tasa memor i alt o hi spar ent sand t he Wes ti n memor yofhi swi f e.

Ther ear eal s omemor i alwi ndowsi nbot hai s l esandi nt he t r ans ept s .The wi ndow i nt he Sout ht r ans eptdepi c t st he f ounder soff ourbr anc hesoft heChur c h;ThomasCr anmer as t he l eader of t he Ref or mat i on,J ohn Robi ns on t he 27

Congr egat i onalmi ni s t erwho l ed t he Pi l gr i m Fat her s ,t he Pr es byt er i anRi c har dBaxt erandJ ohnWes l ey.

Whatmos ti mpr es s edmeonmyvi s i t ,however ,wasnott he pas tbutt hewayt hatt hec hur c hhasadapt edt ot hepr es ent day.Thet r ans ept shavebeen putt ogood us e.TheSout h t r ans epthasbeendes i gnat edast heLever hul meChapeland r ef ur bi s hed( wi t hac ur t ai npar t i t i oni ngi tf r om t henave)as a s mal l er wor s hi p ar ea f or t hos e t i mes when t he c ongr egat i oni ss mal l( whi c h,al as ,i sof t eni nt hes edays ) .The Nor t ht r ans epthasal s obeen r ef ur bi s hed,t hi st i measan ar eaf ori nf or malmeet i ngs ,af t ers er vi c ec of f eeands oon.

Bei ngs i t uat edwher ei ti st her eagoodvi s i t orf oot f al landt he c hur c hi sapopul arweddi ngvenue,t wof ac t or swhi c hhel p t okeept hepl ac eal i ve.

17.Ll angol l en Wehadbeent ovi s i tPl asNewydd,t hehomeoft hef amous Ladi es of Ll angol l en,s o goi ng bac ki nt ot own i t was i nevi t abl et hatwewewoul dvi s i tt hei rgr avei nStCol l en' s c hur c hyar d.Lady El eanor But l er and Sar ah Pons onby, t oget herwi t ht hei rs er vantMar yCar r ylar er emember edby an unus uall ar ge,t hr ees i ded monument ,eac h oft hem havi ngoneoft he i ns c r i bedwi t hanepi t aph.

Thec hur c hi sofi nt er es ti t s el f ,eveni fi thadnoc onnec t i on wi t ht heLadi es .Al t hough t of oundi ngoft hi sc hur c h,l i ke manyi nt hi spar toft hewor l d,dat esf r om t he6t hc ent ur yt he pr es entbui l di ng i sl ar gel y an 18t h( t he t owerwasbui l t ar ound1750)and19t hc ent ur ys t r uc t ur ebui l tar oundand upona13t hc ent ur yc hur c h.Thes out hai s l eandt heeas t er n par toft hec hur c hwer eaddedi n1863.

Asoneent er sbyt heSout hpor c hyouar ewel c omedbyt wo 28

anc i ents t oneheadst henbyt hec ol our edl i ghtoft hes t ai ned gl as s .Thec hur c h' sgui debookdes c r i bet hewi ndowsast he ol des tandt henewes twi ndowsi nt hec hur c h.Thenewes t depi c t sStCol l en,dat i ngf r om 1985andt heol des ts howi ng Col l en' sWel li ss t i l lmoder n,dat i ngf r om 1833.Mos toft he wi ndowsar ef r om t hel at eni net eent hc ent ur y,asi ndeedi s muc hoft hef ur ni s hi ng.Thewi ndow i nt heves t r y," Suf f er l i t t l ec hi l dr ent oc omeunt oMe" ,i spar t i c ul ar l yat t r ac t i ve.

The c hanc el ,a Vi c t or i an ext ens i on,has a wr oughti r on s c r eenwhi c hhavi ngbeenc ons t r uc t edi n1902,hasobvi ous ' ar tnouveau'i nf l uenc es .Ther er edosi sac r uc i f i xi ons c ene s c ul pt edf r om Caens t one.I ti ss ai dt obes i mi l art ot heonei n ThePr i nc eCons or tChapeli nWi nds or .

One s pl endi d medi ĂŚvalf eat ur ei st he or nat e oak c ei l i ng, ot hert hanaf ew panel sal mos tever ys quar ei nc hhasbeen dec or at i vel yc ar ved.Cons t r uc t edi n1450 undert hegui danc e oft heAbbotof Val l ĂŠCr uc i s ,i ti snot i c eabl ef ort heangel s t hatador nt hebr ac ket s .

Ther ei sno or nat ec as ef ort heor gan,t hepl ai n moder n s t r uc t ur e wi t hi t sr ank of di s pl ayed pi pes c ont ai ns an i ns t r umentor i gi nal l ybui l ti n1879byJ onesandWi l l i s .Over t he year st her e have been a number of modi f i c at i ons , not abl yi n1950wheni twasmovedt oi t spr es entpos i t i on andc onver t edt oel ec t r opneumat i cac t i on.

If i ndt hec hur c hi nt er es t i ngi nt hat ,al t houghi nWal esand dedi c at edt oi t sanc i entCel t i cSai ntf ounder ,i ti sat ypi c al l y Engl i s hpar i s hc hur c h.

29

J us taThought .

Mywi f ec al l st hes es hor tar t i c l es' homi l i es ' .Theyar ei nt endedt omakeus paus eandt hi nkaboutourChr i s t i anl i ves .

Negl ect :aLes s on

Dur i ngat ouroft heSc ot t i s hi s l andswevi s i t ed Ar madal e Cas t l e on t he I s l e ofSkye.Thi si sa ni net eent h c ent ur y mans i onnotananc i entc as t l e.Is ayi sbuti twoul dbemor e ac c ur at et os aywas ,f ori ti sar ui n.How di di tgeti ns uc ha s t at e?

Bui l ti n 1815wi t hs omeaddi t i onsaf t eraf i r ei n 1855,t he c as t l ewasl i ved i n byc hi ef t ai nsofCl an Mac Donal d unt i l 1925whent heymovedt hei rmai nr es i denc e,t hec as t l ebei ng l es smai nt ai ned.Thi snegl ec t f uls t at eofaf f ai r sc ont i nued unt i l1965,whent hec ont ent soft hehous e ei t her s ol dor movedel s ewher e.Thehous ewast henabandonedandl ef tt o nat ur eandt hehar s hWes tCoas tweat her ,bec omi ng,i nt he 1980s ,t her ui nwes eet oday.

Whatas t oundedmewast hats uc hdec ayc oul doc c uri ns o s hor ta t i me. Then Is aw i tasan an i l l us t r at i on ofour s pi r i t uall i ves .I tdoes n’ tt akel ongf orournegl ec toft he t hi ngsofGodt obr i ngs pi r i t ualdec ay.How i syourc ont ac t wi t hGod,Bi bl er eadi ng,pr ayerl i f eandal lt heot hert hi ngs t hatmakeaChr i s t i anwayofl i f e?Whatdoyounegl ec t ?I na bui l di ngi ti st hes l i pped s l at eorc r ac ked wi ndow l et t i ng wat eri n orper hapss omec r umbl i ngmor t ar .I tc oul d be s omet hi ng equal l yt r i vi al i n your l i f et hat i s br i ngi ng s pi r i t ualdec ay.

Negl ec tnott hegi f tt hati si nt hee,‌ Takeheedunt o t hys el f ,andunt ot hedoc t r i ne;c ont i nuei nt hem:f ori n doi ngt hi st hous hal tbot hs avet hys el f ,andt hem t hat heart hee.( ITi mot hy4:14, 16) 30

"Peacebes t i l l " I twasapl eas ants ummerdayaswec r ui s edr oundt heFar ne I s l ands .Thec ombi nat i onoft hes ummers uns hi neandl ow t i demeantt hatdozensofs eal swer el azi ngar oundont he r oc kswhi l s tot her sdi s por t edi nt hes ea.Wehavebeenona s i mi l art r i pi nt hes pr i ngwhen t hes eabi r dsf l oc ki nt hei r t hous andst ones tont hec l i f ff ac esi npeac e.Fr om t hes ea onec ans c ant hei s l andsands eet hebui l di ngst hatt hemonks ofol d bui l tt ogai n peac eand t r anqui l i t yast heypr ayed, medi t at edands t udi ed.

Butt hel i ght hous esandbeac ont ower sr emi ndust hatt her e i sanot hers i det ot hei s l ands .Theboat menr el at et hes t or yof t he her oi s m ofGr ac e Dar l i ng and her l i ght hous ekeeper f at her .Butt hewr ec koft he“ For f ar s hi r e”wasnoi s ol at ed i ns t anc e,f orr agi ngs t or mshavedr i venmanys hi psont ot he r oc ks ,abouthal fwhi c hl i eundert hes ur f ac eathi ghwat er .

Ther ei snopeac eandt r anqui l i t yf ort hes ai l or satt i mesl i ke t hat .

I s n' tl i f el i ket hat ?I ti snotal ls moot hs ai l i ng,i si t ?Doyou r emember t he r eac t i on oft he di s c i pl est ot he s t or m on Gal i l eeand t her es pons eofJ es us ?Mar k4:3741t el l st he s t or y.J es usnotonl ys t i l l ed t hes ea,hequel l ed ( notver y s uc c es s f ul l yi twoul ds eem)t hef ear soft hedi s c i pl eswi t han ans wert hatwec oul dt akef orour s el ves ,“Whyar eyes o f ear f ul ?how i si tt hatyehavenof ai t h?

“I ' l ll eavet hef i nal wor dwi t h Paul ,“ Now t heLor dofpeac ehi ms el fgi veyou peac eal waysbyal lmeans .TheLor d bewi t h you al l . ”( 2 Thes s al oni ans3: 16)

31

Poi s onGarden Thegar densofAl nwi c kCas t l ec ont ai n whatar epr obabl y s omeoft hebes twat erf eat ur esi nBr i t ai n.Thegr eatc as c ade wi t hi t smul t i t udeoff ount ai nsi saf as c i nat i ngpi ec eofwat er engi neer i ng,asar et heot hers mal l erf eat ur esi nt hegar den.

Thef l owergar densandwal ks ar ebeaut i f ul l ypr es ent edno mat t erwhatt hes eas on.Tomany,however ,agr eatat t r ac t i on i s“ ThePoi s onGar den” “ ThePoi s onGar den” ,whi c hgr owsanumberofi t spl ant sby l i c enc ef r om t heHomeOf f i c e,c anonl ybevi s i t edundert he wat c hf uleye ofa t r ai ned gui de,was c onc ei ved by t he Duc hes sofNor t humber l andt obeeduc at i onal .Whats t r uc k me,asIwentr ound t he gar den,wast he f ac tt hatt he maj or i t y oft he t oxi c( s omet i mes f at al l ys o)pl ant s ar e c ommoni nourgar densandi nt hec ount r ys i de.

I tgotmet hi nki ngaboutl i f eandt heChr i s t i an’ swal kwhi c h pas s est hr oughi t sown‘ Poi s on Gar den‘.Wear es ur r ounded byac t i vi t i esanddi ver s i onswhi c h,l i kes omanyber r i esand l eaves ,appeart o be qui t e har ml es syetc an des t r oy our s pi r i t ualexper i enc easeas i l yast hepl ant si n‘ ThePoi s on Gar den’c andes t r oyourphys i c all i f e.

Paul ,ashedoess oof t en,poi nt susi nt her i ghtdi r ec t i on, t el l i ngust oal l ow onl yt hepur eandl ovel y,t hi ngsofvi r t ue andgoodr epor ti nt oourl i ves:‘ what s oevert hi ngsar et r ue, what s oevert hi ngsar ehones t ,what s oevert hi ngsar ej us t , what s oevert hi ngsar epur e,what s oevert hi ngsar el ovel y, what s oevert hi ngsar eofgoodr epor t ;i ft her ebeanyvi r t ue, andi ft her ebeanypr ai s e,t hi nkont hes et hi ngs . ' ( Phi l i ppi ans 4: 8AV) 32

Mement oMori “ ForIam i nas t r ai tbe t wi xtt wo, havi ngade s i r et ode par t ,andt obe wi t hChr i s t ;whi c hi sf arbe t t e r : ne ve r t he l e s st oabi dei nt hef l e s hi s mor ene e df ulf oryou.

"Phi l i ppi ans 1: 2324 Dur i ngmys oj our ni nhos pi t alI t ookt hi sat t i t udeofPaulaspar tof myout l ookonl i f e.I twas hi ghl i ght edt omeonar ec entappoi nt mentwi t hmy c ar di ol ogi s t ,“ MrJ ac ks on, ”hes ai d,“ yourhear ti sgoodf or anot hert went yyear s . ”Ic hor t l ed,“ Thatmaybes o, ” ( Ihave ar t i f i c i alhear tval ves )“ butwhataboutt her es tofme,20+84 i s104,c anIr eal l yl as tt hatl ong?”

Ther ei saLat i nphr as e‘ Mement omor i ’meani ng‘ r emember youmus tdi e' .Ouranc es t or swer ever yawar eofmor t al i t y ands ymbol sofdeat h,known as“ mement omor i " ,s uc has hour gl as s es ,ext i ngui s hed orgut t er i ngc andl es ,s kul l sand s kel et onswer edi s pl ayedi nc hur c hpai nt i ngs ,ont ombsand gr aves t ones .Mement o mor iwer epl ac ed i nt hec hur c ht o r emi ndt hepeopl et omedi t at eondeat h,r ef l ec tont hei rl i ves andpr epar et hems el vest omeetGod. Exampl est hats pr i ngt omi ndar et hes kel et alf i gur eont he r oof l of t at Ll anei l i an ( The gr i m f i gur e' s mes s age i s emphas i s edbyt hei ns c r i pt i ont hathec ar r i es , " Col ynangau yw pec hod"-i nEngl i s h," Thes t i ngofdeat hi ss i n" )andt he r ow ofgr avemar ker spl ac ed agai ns tt hewal lofKi r kwal l Cat hedr al ' snor t hai s l e.WhenIwasal adofs i xors evenmy f at hert ookmeoutt ot hec hur c hofStWi l f r i di nt hevi l l ageof Hi c kl et on,nearDonc as t eri nSout hYor ks hi r et os how met he Mement oMor it her e.Al t houghaf r es hl ookati ts howst hati t 33

i s n' texac t l yasIr emember ed,t hemes s agehass t ayedf i r ml y i nmymi nd.Thr ees kul l sar eenc as edbehi ndagr i l lwhi c h c ar r i est hei ns c r i pt i oni nLat i n‘ Hodi emi hi ,c r ast i bi ’wi t ht he Engl i s ht r ans l at i on‘ Todayf orme,t omor r ow f ort hee’ ,agr i m r emi nderofourmor t al i t y.

Mac abr et ot hemoder neye,butver ypot enti ni mager y,ar e t hec adavermonument soft ombswhi c hc anbes eenc anbe s eeni nmanyEngl i s hc at hedr al sands omepar i s hc hur c hes .

Thes et wot i er edt ombsdi s pl ayont het opl evelt heef f i gyofa per s on ast heywer ebef or edeat h,s omet i mesr epr es ent ed kneel i ngi npr ayer ,andasar ot t i ngc adaveront hebot t om l evel ,of t ens hr oudedands omet i mesc ompl et ewi t hwor ms andot herf l es heat i ngc r eat ur es .Somewel lknownonesar e t he one ofBi s hop Ri c har d Fl emi ng i n Li nc ol n Cat hedr al , Henr y Chi c hel e,Ar c hbi s hop ofCant er bur y( 1414–1443)i n Cant er bur y and Exet er Cat hedr al ' s 16t hc ent ur yt omb of Pr ec ept orSyl ke,i ns c r i bedwi t h:' Iam whatyouwi l lbe,andI waswhatyouar e.Pr ayf ormeIbes eec hyou' .Wi nc hes t er Cat hedr alal s ohast woc adavert ombs .

Weof t ens eet heLat i nphr as e“ TempusFugi t ”( Ti meFl i es )on c l oc ksandIhaveawat c hi ns c r i bed “ Tempus edax r er um” - “ Ti me devour sever yt hi ng” ;bot hoft hes e phr as esar e“ mement o mor i ”and ar ei nt ended t or emi nd usofour mor t al i t y.

Per hapswedon' tdwel londeat hor t heaf t er l i f ever ymuc ht oday,but myr ec entheal t h pr obl emshavemademet hi nks er i ous l y aboutwhati st oc omeand Ihavehad t o as k mys el ft he ques t i ons ,“ Am Ir eady?Am Ir i ghtwi t hGod?” ,t woques t i ons wes houl dal lbes eeki ngt oans wer .

34

AChurchVi s i t Thebi gpr obl em wi t hc oac ht our si sSundaymor ni ng.You ar r i vei nas t r anget own,of t enqui t el at ei nt hemor ni ng,and youhavenoi deawher eac hur c hi s .Weus ual l yf i ni s hupi n t hec at hedr alorl ar gec i t yc ent r eAngl i c anc hur c h,f r equent l y j us tast hes er vi c ei sr eac hi ngi t sc onc l us i on.

ButoneSundayi twasver ydi f f er ent .Notonl ydi dwef i nda pl ac e ofwor s hi p,butIf ound my i deasaboutdec l i ni ng c ongr egat i onss haken.At10.

30t hec oac hpaus edt ot ur nt he c or neri nCar di gan,“ Look” ,s ai dBr enda,mywi f e,“ Ther e' sa c hapelandpeopl ear ej us tgoi ngi n. ”Thec oac ht ur nedt he c or nerandi mmedi at el yc amet ot hedr oppi ngof fpoi nt ,i t onl yt ookusaf ew mi nut est oc r os st her oadandwal kt he f ew yar ds .

Ther ewer equi t eaf ew peopl eal r eadyi nt hebui l di ngandas wec hat t ed t of ol kst hepewsf i l l ed up f ort he11 o’ c l oc k s er vi c e.Thec ongr egat i ons wel l edt oabout150peopl eofal l ages ,s even new member swer eac c ept ed i nt ot hec hur c h, ever yone j oi ned i n t he pr oc eedi ngs ent hus i as t i c al l y.

Al t houghIwasi nvi gor at edbyt het i met hes er vi c ef i ni s hed ( at12.

30) ,t hes t yl eofwor s hi pwasnotmyc upoft eaexac t l y ( Br endas aysI ' m as t i c ki nt hemud)butt hei mpor t antt hi ng i st hatt hec hur c hi sal i veandgr owi ng.

We bec ome di s mayed when we l ook at our dec l i ni ng number s ,s oi ti sgoodt ober emi nded,asIwast hatSunday mor ni ng,t hatwear enott heonl yf i s hi nt hes eaandt hat el s ewher et hi ngsar ever ydi f f er ent .Whenwepr ayf orour owns i t uat i onl etusr emembert opr ayf orc ont i nuedgr owt h i nc hur c hess uc hasZi onBapt i s ti nCar di gan 35

Pl aceofWors hi porMus eum?

Ir ead t he ot her day about St I s aac ' s Cat hedr ali n St Pet er s bur g,t hewor l d' st hi r dl ar ges tdomedc at hedr alaf t erSt Pet er ' si nRome, andStPaul ' si nLondon.I thasbec omet he c ent r e of a c ont r over s y bet ween t he Rus s i an Or t hodox Chur c handc i t yc ul t ur alaut hor i t i es .Agover nmentdec i s i on t or es t or ec ont r oloft hec at hedr alt ot heChur c hhasc r eat ed adi vi s i on bet ween t hos ekeent or ees t abl i s hStI s aac ' sas t hec ent r alpl ac eofOr t hodoxwor s hi pandc ul t ur albodi es andant i Chur c hel ement sal ar medbywhatt heydeem t he Chur c h' sunduepower .Or t hodoxChur c hpol i c yi st or es t or e f orpubl i cwor s hi p asmanyaspos s i bl eoft hec at hedr al s , monas t er i esand par i s hc hur c hesc l os ed or c onver t ed t o s ec ul arus ei nt heCommuni s ter a.

Wehaveapr obl em her ei nBr i t ai n,notqui t et hes ameasSt Pet er s bur g' sbutapr obl em nonet hel es s .Theques t i ons eems t obe,“ Ar eourc hur c hesandc at hedr al smus eumsorpl ac es ofwor s hi p?”Manyc hur c hesandc hapel sar enol ongeri n us ef ort hei ror i gi nalpur pos e,butwhataboutt hos et hatar e?

AsIt r avelar oundt hec ount r yIs eemor eandmor eoft he mus eum at t i t ude.Many oft heGr eatChur c hesc har gean ent r yf eeandi nonei ns t anc eIf oundmannedgat est ot he c at hedr alc l os ewi t ht i c kets el l er s .

Butmor edi s t ur bi ngi st heat t i t udeoft our i s t s .Ar r i vi ngat Li c hf i el dal i t t l e bef or et he r egul arpr ayer satStChad’ s s hr i ne,Imademywayt ot hatpar toft hebui l di ng.WhenI gott ot hef ootoft hes t epst ot hec hapelIf oundt hatmyway wasbl oc kedbyal ar gec r owdofc hat t er i ngover s east our i s t s , who s eemed t o haveno i dea whatt hey wer el ooki ngat .

Tal ki ngt ot hepr i es tl at er ,s het ol dmet hataf ew daysear l i er 36

s hewaspar twayt hr ought hepr ayer swhenas i mi l argr oup c r owded i nt o t he s mal ls pac e bet ween her and t he c ongr egat i on.

Buti ti snotj us tt hos ef r om anot herc ul t ur e,manypeopl e c omeal ongj us tt os eeanol dbui l di ng,ast heywoul dac as t l e or s t at el y home of t en wi t houtmuc ht houghtaboutt he s i gni f i c anc eoft hec hur c hori t sar t i f ac t s .Iam ver yawar e t hatr ai s i ngmoneyi saver yi mpor t antf ac t or ,butwemus t s t r i vet o makepeopl emor eawar et hatourc hur c hesar e “ openf orbus i nes s �andt hatt hebus i nes si st hewor s hi pof God.

37

Godl i manSt reet I n London,r unni ng f r om StPaul ' s Cat hedr alt o Queen Vi c t or i aSt r eett her ei sat hor oughf ar ec al l edGodl i manSt r eet .

Thes t or yt ol df ort heor i gi noft henamei st hatt hes t r eetwas onc et hehomeofman whos el i f es ogr eat l yi mpac t ed hi s nei ghbour st hati tbec ameknownas“ t hegodl yman’ ss t r eet " .

I nt heOl d Tes t amentt hes t or yi sr ec or ded ofSaul ’ sf i r s t meet i ngwi t hSamuel .Saulwasbei ngver yuns uc c es s f uli n hi ss ear c hf orhi sf at her ’ sas s esI n Ramah,however ,hi s s er vants ai d,“ Look,i nt hi st ownt her ei samanofGod;hei s hi ghl yr es pec t ed,andever yt hi nghes aysc omest r ue.Let ’ sgo t her enow.Per hapshewi l lt el luswhatwayt ot ake”( 1Sam. 9: 6) .

Iwonder ,per hapsyoudot oo,whatpeopl es ayaboutmeand how t heywi l lr ememberme.

Ihavehear di tputanot herway;' I fIwasont r i alf orbei nga f ol l ower of Chr i s t ,woul dt her e be enough evi denc et o c onvi c tme?’

Of f eri ngenvel opes Sever alweeksagoIwasput t i ngmyweekl yof f er i ngi nt he envel ope.Us ual l yt hi si sas i mpl et as k,butt hec as hi nmy wal l etwasent i r el yi nt hef or m oft henew pl as t i cf i vepounds not es .If ol dedoneover ,butwhi l eIwasf ol di nganot heri t s pr angf l at .Imadeanot herat t emptbutIhadt of ol di tt wi c e 38

t of i ti nt heenvel ope.Gr i ppi ngi tf i r ml yImanagedt oi ns er ti t i nt ot hes ai denvel opewher ewi t hr enewedener gyi tmade an ef f or tt oes c ape.Event ual l yImanagedt oc ompl et emy donat i on,f i r ml ys t apl i ngt hepac kett omakes ur et hec as h s t ayedi n.

Af t er c hur c h Is poke t ot he t r eas ur er ," We need bi gger envel opes , "Is ai d," andt hes i t uat i on i sgoi ngt ogetwor s e whent het enner sar epl as t i caswel l .

"Sheagr eedwi t hme, butl aughedwhenIadded," Ofc our s et hes eenvel opeswer e des i gnedwhen​ peopl eputc oi nsi nt hei renvel opes . " Oneoft hebi gges twor r i esofc hur c hl eader sandof f i c er si s t hi sver yf ac t or ,af t eral lyoudon' tgetmuc hf oraf ew c oi ns t hes edays .As eatatVenueCymr ui sar ound£20,avi s i tt oa Pr emi erLeaguef oot bal lmat c hasmuc has£30( mi ndyou, BangorCi t yi sabar gai nat£7) ButChur c hf i nanc eshavebeenapr obl em s i nc et heear l i es t daysoft hec hur c h.Paulhast ogi ves omei ns t r uc t i onsand wr i t es :Now c onc e r ni ngt hec ol l e c t i onf ort hes ai nt s ,asIhave gi ve nor de rt ot hec hur c he sofGal at i a,e ve ns odoye .Upont he f i r s tdayoft hewe e kl e te ve r yoneofyoul aybyhi mi ns t or e ,as Godhat hpr os pe r e dhi m (ICor i nt hi ans16: 1‭ 2AV) ‬ .Al t hough opi ni onsdi f f eraboutt i t hi ng( t hegi vi ngofat ent hofones i nc ome) ,Paul ' sasGodhat hpr os per eds eemst obeagood s t ar t i ng poi nt t o me.He gi ves added gui danc es i n I I Cor i nt hi ans9: 7Eve r ymanac c or di ngashepur pos e t hi nhi s he ar t ,s ol e thi m gi ve ;notgr udgi ngl y,orofne c e s s i t y:f orGod l ove t hac he e r f ulgi ve r .

39

Si ngprai s es Si ngpr ai s e st oGod,s i ngpr ai s e s ;s i ngpr ai s e st oourKi ng,s i ng pr ai s e s .Ps al m 47: 6 Ther ei sas ayi ng,“ Laught eri st hebes tmedi c i ne” ,butac c or di ng t owhatIr eadr ec ent l ys i ngi ngi sapr et t ygoodmedi c i net oo.A s t udys ugges t st hatwhenwes i ng,ourbodi esr el eas ehor mones t hatr el i eveanxi et yands t r es s .Ot herr es ear c her ss ayt hatwhen a peopl es i ngt oget her ,t hei rhear t beat ss ync hr oni zewi t heac h ot her .

Whi c hbr i ngsmet ol as tSunday.Thos eofyout hatknow mear e awar et hatIl oveagoods i ng,Sundayi s n' tSundaywi t houta c oupl eofgoodhymns .Thi sweekIwasabi tanxi ous ,It hought t hatImi ghtnotbeabl et os i ngver ywel l !Notbec aus eIhadl os t myvoi c eort hatmypul monar ydi f f i c ul t i eshadgott hebet t erof me;butbec aus eIhad j us thad an eyeoper at i on and i twas pos s i bl et hatIwoul dn' tbeabl et or eadver yc l ear l y( andmy memor y does n' tal wayswor k) .To me t hi swoul d be a r eal c al ami t y,butal lwaswel land‘ nor mals er vi c ewasr es umed. ’ Thi sgotmet hi nki ngaboutt hepl ac eofs ongi nwor s hi p.Di dyou know t hatt heBi bl er epeat st hephr as e“ Si ngpr ai s e”mor et han f i f t yt i mes .

Paulenc our agest hec hur c ht o“Bef i l l edwi t ht he Spi r i t ,s peaki ng t o one anot her i n ps al ms and hymns and s pi r i t uals ongs ,s i ngi ngandmaki ngmel odyi nyourhear tt ot he Lor d; Gi vi ngt hanksal waysf oral lt hi ngsunt oGod and t he Fat heri nt henameofourLor dJ es usChr i s t . ”Ephes i ans18b20.

AnOl dTes t aments t or ys howshow pr ai s i ngGodhaspowert o c hangeourt hought s ,ourhear t s ,andourl i ves .I n2Chr oni c l es 20,wer eadaboutofGod’ speopl edemons t r at i ngt hei rt r us ti n God by s i ngi ng ast hey mar c hed i nt o bat t l e.Enemi eswer e

40

headi ngt owar dt hepeopl eofJ udah.Ki ngJ ehos haphatdi dn’ t r ec r ui tabi ggerar my,t hec hr oni c l ert el l sus ,“… heappoi nt ed s i nger sunt ot heLor d ,and t hats houl d pr ai s et hebeaut yof hol i nes s ,ast heywentoutbef or et hear my,andt os ay,Pr ai s e t heLor d ;f orhi smer c yendur et hf orever .

And when t hey begant os i ngandt opr ai s e,t heLor ds etambus hment sagai ns t t hec hi l dr en ofAmmon,Moab,and mountSei r ,whi c h wer e c omeagai ns tJ udah;and t hey wer es mi t t en. ”(2 Chr oni c l es 20: 21‭ 22KJ ‬ V) Yes ,s i ngi ngt ot heLor dwor ks ! .“ But , ”yous ay,“ Ic an' ts i ng. ”J us t haveago,Idon' tt hi nk t hatGod i sr unni ngs omeheavenl y ver s i onof‘ Xf ac t or ’or‘ Br i t ai n' sGotTal ent ’.Sever alver s esof t hePs al msec hot hes ef r om Ps al m 95,“ Oc ome,l etuss i ngunt o t heLor d:l etusmakeaj oyf ulnoi s et ot her oc kofours al vat i on.

Letusc omebef or ehi spr es enc ewi t ht hanks gi vi ng,andmakea j oyf ulnoi s eunt ohi m wi t hps al ms .

Fort heLor di sagr eatGod, andagr eatKi ngaboveal lgods . ”( Ps al ms95: 1‭ 3AV) ‬ I thasbeens ai d,“ I t ' sal ls weets i ngi ngbyt het i mei tr eac hes heaven”

Al lToget herNow!( Tut t i ) So i n Chr i s twe ,t hough many,f or m one body,and e ac h me mbe rbe l ongst o al lt heot he r s .Wehavedi f f e r e ntgi f t s , ac c or di ngt ot hegr ac egi ve nt oe ac hofus . .Romans12: 5–6 Our l oc alc hur c h her ei n Benl l ec h had a vi s i tf r om t he mus i c als ec t i onsoft heWr exham Sal vat i on Ar my Cor psa f ew ni ght sago.Thebandands ongs t er s( asSal vat i onAr my 41

c hoi r sar eknown)s angandpl ayedi nhar monyofc our s e,i f t heyhaddoneot her wi s ei twoul dnothavebeent hepl eas ant eveni ngt hati twas .I nmus i c algr oupsever yonepl aysapar t , t hes ec ondhor nandt heBbbas sar ej us tasi mpor t antast he f i r s tc or netandi n ac hoi rdes c ant sandbas snot esar eas i mpor t antast hemel ody.

Pauls eest hec hur c hi nmuc ht hes amet er msandwr ot e,“ I n Chr i s twe,t houghmany,f or m onebody,andeac hmember bel ongst oal lt heot her s .Wehavedi f f er entgi f t s ,ac c or di ngt o t hegr ac egi ven t oeac h ofus ”( Rom.12: 5–6) .Hement i ons s uc h gi f t saspr ophec y,s er vi c e,t eac hi ng,enc our agement , gi vi ng,l eader s hi p,andmer c y( vv.7–8) ,ever ygi f t ,bei tgr eat ors mal l ,i st obeexer c i s edf r eel yf ort hegoodofal l( 1Cor .

12: 7)-aki ndofhol yc hoi rorband.Wemus tbewi l l i ngt o pl ays ec ondf i ddl e( ast hes ayi nggoes ) ,f orever yi ns t r ument i ses s ent i ali n God' sor c hes t r a.Themus i ci sbes twhen we eac hpl ayourpar ti nuni t ywi t hot her s .

Al lChange! ' ChangeandDec ay' , J e s usChr i s tt hes ameye s t e r day,andt oday,andf or e ve r .

Hebr ews13: 8AV Even i fyou ar ef ai r l y young you wi l lhave s een many c hangesi nt hi sr api dl yc hangi ngwor l d.Changesi nl i f es t yl e, t ec hnol ogy,at t i t udesand,i ndeed,pr et t y muc h ever yt hi ng​ el s e.We ol derpeopl e may s omet i mesf eelt hatwe have 42

movedt oanot herpl anet .

Remembert hi sasyour eadon,mos toft headul t st hatI knew ( i nc l udi ngmyf at her )whenIwasyoungwer ebor ni n t her ei gnofQueenVi c t or i a.

I nmyyoungerdaysver yf ew peopl ehadmot orvehi c l es ,mos tt r ades mens t i l lus edhor s edr awnt r af f i c .I ns t antc ommuni c at i on, aswehavet odaywi t h mobi l ephonesandi nt er net ,wer es c i enc ef i c t i on;maki nga t el ephonec al lout s i deyourownl oc al i t y( i fyouhadaphone! ) c oul d be c ompl i c at ed.Few peopl e had i ndoor t oi l et s or bat hr ooms .Ic oul df i l lpageswi t hc hanges ,butwedon' ts ee al lc hangesasbei nggooddowe?Wes eec hangesi nmor al s , t hel os sofwi l dl i f eandi t shabi t at ,demol i t i onofol dbui l di ngs .

Somedec r yt hes t at eofeduc at i on, ot her st hedec l i neoft he c hur c h.

Ther ei sanadage, ' I ft hi ngsdon' tc hange,t heys t ayast hey ar e. ’I ' m nott oos ur ewhatt hati mpl i es .ButIdoknow t hatas Chr i s t i answec anr ej oi c ei nt hef ac tt hatt her ei sonegr eat unc hangeabl e;t he wr i t ert ot he Hebr ewst el l sus ,“ J es us Chr i s tt hes ameyes t er day,andt oday,andf orever .“I fJ es us Chr i s ti sunc hangi ngt henhi smes s ageandt hes t andar dst hat hes et sar eal s ounc hangi ng.J ohnGowans( aGener alofThe Sal vat i on Ar my)wr ot ei nhi shymn,“ I nawor l dofs hi f t i ng val ues ,t her e ar es t andar dst hatr emai n”and i n anot her ver s ear et hel i nes , “ Al lt hepr omi s esofJ es usAr eunc hanged i never yway,I nmyyes t er daysIpr ovedt hem,Ibel i evet hem f ort oday. ”

Il eaveyout omedi t at ewi t ht hes et wol i nesf r om ' Abi de wi t hme’ Changeanddec ayi nal lar oundIs ee; .

OThouwhoc hanges tnot ,abi dewi t hme!

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Fi veFi ngerPrayer The di s c i pl esmade a r eques tt oJ es us ," Lor d, t eac h ust o pr ay. " ( Luke11) .Hegavet hem t hepr ayerwhi c hwenow know asTheLor dsPr ayer .I ti sr eal l yanexampl ef orust of ol l ow i n al lourpr ayer s .Ther ear es ever alver s i onsofa f i vef i nger pr ayerwhi c har egi vent ohel puss t r uc t ur eourpr ayer s .The ver s i onbel ow c l os el yf ol l owst hei deasi nt heLor dsout l i neas wel lasot hers c r i pt ur als ugges t i ons .

1. I NTERCESSI ON ( Eph 6: 1819)Pr ayf orot her s .Pr ayf or t hec hur c h.

2. THANKSGI VI NG ( Eph5: 20)ThankGodf orwhatHehas donef oryou,yourf ami l yandt hec hur c h.

3. CONFESSI ON( 1J n1: 9)Conf es st oGodandr epentf orour weaknes s esands i ns .

4. PETI TI ON ( 1Sam 1: 27)As kGodf orpeac eandf oryour dai l yneeds .

5. PRAI SE ( Ps 146: z12) Medi t at e on God' s at t r i but es &pr ai s eHi mf orwhoHei s .

Someout l i nest hatIhavec omeac r os sar epr i mar i l yf oryoung peopl e,butIt hi nkt hatwemi ghtal lf i ndt hef ol l owi nghel pf ul .

Whenyouf ol dyourhands ,t het humbi snear es tyou.Sobegi n by pr ayi ng f ort hos ec l os es tt o you—yourl oved ones( Phi l .

1: 3–5) .

Fat her ,gi vemet hewi s dom t o know how t o pr ayf or ot her s .

Thei ndexf i ngeri st hepoi nt er .Pr ayf ort hos ewhot eac h—Bi bl e t eac her sandpr eac her s ,andt hos ewhot eac hc hi l dr en( 1Thes s .

5: 25) .

Thenextf i ngeri st het al l es t .I tr emi ndsyout opr ayf ort hos ei n aut hor i t y over you—nat i onaland l oc all eader s ,and your s uper vi s oratwor k( 1Ti m.2: 1–2) .

Thef our t hf i ngeri sus ual l yt heweakes t .Pr ayf ort hos ewhoar e i nt r oubl eorwhoar es uf f er i ng( J ames5: 13– 16) .

Thenc omesyourl i t t l ef i nger .I tr emi ndsyouofyours mal l nes s i nr el at i on t oGodsgr eat nes s .As kHi m t os uppl yyourneeds ( Phi l .4: 6,19) .

44

“ Letuspray.“ " Handst oget her ,eyesc l os ed”wasal wayst hei ns t r uc t i ons

t hatwewer eal ways gi venasc hi l dr enandweknel tt opr ay atbedt i me.Dür er ’ s' Pr ayi ngHands ’i soneoft hebes tknown andmos tc opi edpi c t ur esi nt hewor l d.We bow ourheadst o pr ayandc hur c hespr ovi dehas s oc kst okneelupon;Mus l i ms havet hei rpr ayermat s .I nt heSal vat i onAr mymenal ways r emovet hei rc apswhenpr ayi ngi nt heopenai r .

Al lt hi ss t ar t edmet hi nki ng;whydoweadoptt hes eat t i t udes i n pr ayer ? Mos t l y,I s uppos e,t hey denot er es pec t and humi l i t yi nt hepr es enc eoft heAl mi ght y.Cl os i ngone' seyes hel pss hutoutt hedi s t r ac t i onsar oundus( “ LookatMaude' s ghas t l ynew hat ! ” ) ,ori si tt os hi el doureyesf r om Hi sr adi ant gl or y?Whatabouthandst oget her ?I ' m nots ur eaboutt hat one,i si tt os t opusf i dget i ngwi t hourhands( ornowadays s t opuspl ayi ngwi t hours mar t phone) ?

I fwe l ook t ot he Bi bl ef orgui danc e,we f i nd t hatKi ng Sol omon knel tdown and “ s pr ead outhi shandst owar d heaven”att hededi c at i on oft het empl e( 2Chr on.6: 13–14) .

Al s o ment i oned ar e kneel i ng ( Eph.3: 14) ,s t andi ng ( Luke 45

18: 10–13) ,andevenl yi ngf ac edown( Mat t .26: 39) Butdower eal l yneedgenuf l ec t i on,bowedheads , c l os ed eyesands oon i nor dert opr ay.Iwoul ds ugges tt hatt hes e ar enoti mpor t antmat t er s-i ti st hepr ayert hatc ount s .The apos t l est houghti ts owhent heyas kedJ es ushow t heys houl d pr ay.Bef or eHegoesont ogi vet hem t heexampl et hatwe know ast heLor d' sPr ayer ,J es usgi vest hem i ns t r uc t i ons ,not onhow t os t ands i torkneelbutwar nst hem nott obes howy; pr ayeri saqui etper s onalt hi ng.( Mat t hew 6ver s e5f or war d} .

J es us s t r es s est hepowerofpr ayer ,“I fyes hal las kany t hi ngi nmyname,Iwi l ldoi t . ” .( J ohn14: 14AV) .Weneedt o bec ar ef ult hatwedon' tl os eef f ec t i vepr ayerunderas hi el d ofr i t ual i s m,f orI ' mf ai r l ys ur et hatt hi sc anhappen. **************** Tuc ki ngl i t t l eAnni ei nt obedhermam s ai d,“ Idi dn’ thearyou s ayyourpr ayer st oni ght ,Anni e. ”“ ButIwas n' tt al ki ngt oyou, Mam. ”washerqui c kr es pons e. *****************

46

AFew Bri efMes s ages +Ther edr ugbys hi r toft heWal esnat i onalt eam hasal mos t bec omet henat i onaldr es s .Yous eepeopl eofal ls hapes ,s i zes andageswear i ngt hem.EvenI ,a‘ s eni orc i t i zen’ ,haveone ( wel l ,t hr eeac t ual l y! ) .Butar ugbys hi r tdoes n' tmakear ugby pl ayer ,does i t ? Some peopl es pend hundr eds or even t hous ands ofpounds on des i gner c l ot hi ng,makeup and pl as t i cs ur ger y;buti tmakesnodi f f er enc ewhat evert ot hem asaper s on.Wemus tal wayskeepi nmi ndt hat ,“ Manl ooks att heout war dappear anc e,butt heLor dl ooksatt hehear t ” ( I ISamuel16: 7) +Ihaver eadt hatpeopl ei nBr i t ai nwas t emor et han£1bneac h yearonc l ot hest hatt heyneverwear .Sur veysi ndi c at et hatmen andwomenbet weent heagesof25and40s pend ar ound£500a yearon c l ot hi ng,s hoesand ac c es s or i eswor n onl yonc e.My mam woul dhaves ai d,It hi nk,“ They’ vegotmor emoneyt han s ens e. ”Les st han 11% ofs ur vey i nt er vi eweess ai dt hatt hey neverwas t edmoneyonc l ot hes .Theonl ys avi nggr ac ei st hat t heymayal lber egul arus er sofc l ot hi ngbanks . +As t udypubl i s hedi nt heBr i t i s hMedi c alJ our nalc onc l udedt hat peopl ewi t hs t r ongs pi r i t ualbel i efr ec overmor er api dl yf r om ber eavementt hant hos ewi t houts uc habel i ef .Ther epor ts ays t hatt hos ewi t has pi r i t ualbel i efpr ogr es s i vel yc omet ot er ms wi t ht heber eavementoverper i odof14mont hs .Att heendof t hes ameper i odunbel i ever ss t i l lhadnotr es ol vedt hei rgr i ef .

+47

Ihear das i l l ys t or yt heot herday.Amanwasc ompl ai ni ngt o af r i end t hathi sbus i nes ss t r at egy wasnotwor ki ng.He s ur pr i s e,“ Thr eef ort hepr i c eoft wos eemst owor kwel lf or t hel oc als uper mar ket . ”hes ai d.“ Yes , ” r epl i ed hi sf r i end, “ Butyour unas hoes hop. ” I t s etme wonder i ng,do we,per haps ,c hos ec ompl et el y i nappr opr i at ewaysofpr oc l ai mi ngt hegos pel ,uns ui t ed t o t het i meandpl ac e.Whatwor kedyes t er dayori n anot her pl ac ei snotnec es s ar i l yf orher eandnow.Wec an' tr ec apt ur e t hepas t ;wec angoont ot hef ut ur e.Themes s ager emai nst he s ame;i ti sasPauls ai d,“ Iam det er mi ned nott o know anyt hi ngamongyous aveJ es usChr i s tandHi mc r uc i f i ed. ”( I Cor i nt hi ans2: 2) .Wemus thoweverpr es entt hatmes s agei na wayt hatpeopl eunder s t andandac c ept . +Fi vet hi ngst hatyouhaveprobabl yneverheardi nchurch 5.Hoor ay!I t ' smyt ur nt os i tont hef r ontpew.

4.Iwass oent hr al l ed,Idi dn' tnot i c et hatyours er monwas25 mi nut esover.

3.Il ovei twhenwes i nghymnsI ' veneverhear dbef or e.

2.Si nc ewe' r eal lher e,l et ' ss t ar tt hewor s hi ps er vi c eear l y. ...andt henumberonet hi ngyoupr obabl yhaveneverhear d i nChur c h: 4.Not hi ngi ns pi r esmeands t r engt hensmyc ommi t mentl i ke as t ewar ds hi pc ampai gn. +48

Thec i t yofBangorhasas mal lbutexc el l entmus eum.I ni t s s uper bc ol l ec t i on off ur ni t ur ei saWel s h dr es s erwi t ht he Wel s hpr over b “ HebDduw,hebddi m”c hi s el l edi nt ot he dec or at edf as c i a.Ever ydayt hemember soft hehous ehol d, youngandol dwer ec hal l engedt ol i vet hei rl i vesac c or di ngt o God' spl an and pur pos e.A t r ans l at i on oft he pr over bi s “ Wi t houtGod,wi t houtanyt hi ng”… Ar emi nderoft hef ut i l i t y ofaGodl es sl i f e.

Ic ame ac r os sa news paperc ar t oon t he ot herday whi c h depi c t edMos eswi t ht het wot abl et sf ac i ngt hepeopl e.The s peec hbubbl es ai d:

Butt hec ar t ooni s tgoti twr ong.Teni sabi tofac ons er vat i ve c ount ,youc anac t ual l ydi vi dewhatwec al lt heDec al ogueor Ten Commandment si nt o atl eas tt hi r t een,or pr obabl y ni net een.Thei ns t r uc t i onsf r om Godgoont hr oughExodus , Levi t i c us and Deut er onomy. Or t hodox J ews c ount 613 Bi bl i c alc ommandment s ;248‘ t hous hal t ’and365‘ t hous hal t not ’ J es usadded t ot he mi x:“ . . . . . s o now Is ay t o you.A new c ommandmentIgi veunt oyou,Thatyel oveoneanot her ;asI havel ovedyou,t hatyeal s ol oveoneanot her .Byt hi ss hal lal l menknow t hatyear emydi s c i pl es ,i fyehavel oveonet o anot her . ”(J ohn13: 3335Aut hor i zedVer s i on( AV) 49

Seas onalThought s Some" Thought s "ar ef orapar t i c ul art i meoft heyear .

Chri s t mas Ir eadal i t t l ewhi l eagooft heChr i s t masmes s ageputupi n l i ght s“ ALLGLORYI N THEHI GHEST” .Unf or t unat el yal et t er mal f unc t i oned and when t hel i ght swer es wi t c hed on t he s i gn r ead“ ALLGLORYI NTHEHI GH ST” .Thi swaspr obabl y neart het r ut hi nt hi ss ec ul arage.

TheTrueLi ght Thatwast het r ueLi ghtwhi c hgi ve sl i ghtt oe ve r ymanc omi ng i nt ot hewor l d.—J ohn1: 9 “ Iam t hel i ghtoft hewor l d. ”-J ohn9: 5 Al mos tal lc ul t ur esandr el i gi onst hr oughoutt hewor l dand t hr oughout hi s t or y have c el ebr at ed t he wi nt er s ol s t i c e, us ual l y wi t h af es t i valofl i ght .So wehave,f orexampl e, Di wal i ,Hanukkah and i n nor t her n Eur ope Yul e.Thes e f es t i val smar kt he r et ur n ofl i ghtaf t era s eas on ofdar k dr ear ydays .

It hi nk t hatmos tpeopl ear eawar et hatourChr i s t masi s s ync r et i c ,muc h ofi tder i vi ng f r om t he var i ousYul et i de ac t i vi t i es ,i ndeedwes t i l lus et hewor d( Yul el og,f orexampl e. ) Theear l yChr i s t i anChur c h,havi ngnoi deaoft hedayoft he Savi our ' sbi r t h,s aw t hi sc el ebr at i onoft hec omi ngofl i ghtas bei ngappr opr i at ef orhonour i ngt heonewhobr oughtl i ght i nt oours pi r i t ualdar knes s .

50

Now,Ienj oy t he f es t i vi t i esasmuc h asanyone ( butno dr i nki ng! ) ,If i ndi ts adhowevert hatt hebi r t hofJ es us ,He whodec l ar ed “ Iam t hel i ghtoft hewor l d”i sal ongway downt hel i s tofr eas onswhypeopl ec el ebr at e.Haveahappy andj oyousCHRI STmasandc r youtt hewor l dt hatt hel i ght hasc ome.

Eas t er BunsandBunni es ;Chi cksandChocol at eEggs

Hotc r os sbuns ,Eas t erBunni es ,c hi c ksandc hoc ol at eeggs ; t hes ymbol sofEas t erbegant oappearont hes uper mar ket s hel vesal mos tbef or et heChr i s t mass eas on wasover .The f es t i valhasbec omej us tanot herpar toft hatc ommer c i al f es t i vi t yt hats eemst obeal wayswi t h usi nt hes emoder n t i mes .Thec yni cwi l li nf or m yout hatEas t erc omesf r om t he nameofagoddes sas s oc i at edwi t hs pr i ng,Ēas t r e.A vi s i tt o t heOxf or dDi c t i onar ywi l lc onf i r mt hi s ,butwi l lal s oi nf or m yout hati ti st hemos ti mpor t antandol des tf es t i valoft he Chr i s t i anChur c h,c el ebr at i ngt her es ur r ec t i onofChr i s t .

Not et hatwel l ,i tc el ebr at est her es ur r ec t i on.Good Fr i day mar kst hedaywhenJ es usmadet hef i nals ac r i f i c ef orour at onement ,butEas t erDay c el ebr at est he r es ur r ec t i on of Chr i s tpoi nt i ngt hewayt oet er nall i f eandourgr eathope.

Somepeopl es eeac r uc i f i xass t i c ki ngatGoodFr i dayand pr ef erapl ai nc r os s ,s ayi ngt hati tr epr es ent st hef ac tt hat J es usi sal i ve.I ti sdi f f i c ul t ,however ,t of i ndanEas t erc ar d wi t has ymboloft her es ur r ec t i ononi t ,t her ol l edaways t one f orexampl e,eveni nChr i s t i anbooks hopst het endenc yi sf or 51

adepi c t i on oft hec r os sr at hert han t heempt yt omb.Mos t c ar dss how c ut ec hi c ksorbunni eswi t hl i t t l et or emi ndusof t heChr i s t i anf es t i val .

Theol ds ymbol sr epr es entt henew l i f et hatSpr i ngbr i ngst o nat ur e;t heChr i s t i anEas t ermar kst hedayt hatnew l i f ewas gi vent omanki nd.I ' l ll etPaulhavet hel as twor d: “ Butnowi sChr i s tr i s e nf r om t hede ad,andbe c omet he f i r s t f r ui t soft he mt hats l e pt .Forasi nAdam al ldi e ,e ve ns oi n Chr i s ts hal lal lbemadeal i ve . ”1Cor i nt hi ans15: 20‭ ,‬ 22.

Pent ecos t TheDayofPent ecos t .

Whi l s tvi s i t i ngDar t mout hwewer el ooki ngf ors omewher e t ohaveas nac k.Il ookedatt hemenu out s i det heSl opi ng Dec k Caf é and dec i ded t hati tand t he bl ac k and whi t e bui l di ngl ookedi nt er es t i ng.Ups t ai r si nt hec af éyouqui c kl y r eal i s edwhyi ti sc al l edt heSl opi ngDec k.

Butwhatc aught my at t ent i on i nt hi s 17t hc ent ur y di ni ng r oom was t he over mant el .Atf i r s tIt houghti twasac ar vi ng,ac t ual l yi ti s pl as t er wor k.Fr om ac r os st he ot her s i de oft he r oom I as s umedt hati twast heLas tSupper ,howeverac l os erl ook r eveal edi tt obePent ec os t ,eas i l yver i f i edbyt hef ac tt hatt he t extACTES 2_ 1 234i smoul dedi nt ot hepi c t ur e.Whatl ook l i kequot at i onmar ksabovet heapos t l esar e,ofc our s e,t he t onguesoff l ame.The c ent r alc har ac t eri sMar y and t he ens embl ei sf l ankedbyMos es( wi t ht abl et soft heLaw)ont he l ef tandDavi d( wi t hhi shar p)ont her i ght .

Thoughtt ohavebeenputi nwhent hehous ewasbui l ti n 52

1635,i tgi vesal i t t l ei ns i ghtt ot her el i gi ousl i f eoft hepas t .

TheVi c t or i anshadr el i gi oust ext sandpi c t ur esont hewal l s , butnot hi ngl i ket hi s .Al t houghPent ec os twaspr obabl yt he mos tmoment ouseventi nt heear l yc hur c h,Idoubti fmany moder n "Br i t i s h peopl ec oul dt el lyou whathappened on t hatday,t hef ac tt hatt heHol ySpi r i tc amei nt oandc hanged men' sl i vesmi ghtl eavet hem bewi l der ed.Thats uc h al i f e c hangi ngexper i enc ehappenst odayi sper hapseven mor e di f f i c ul tt oc ompr ehend.

AsChr i s t i answemus tnotonl yal l ow t heHol ySpi r i tt oc ome i nt oourl i ves ,i ti sourdut yt ot el lt hewor l d. ' Andwhent hedayofPent ec os twasf ul l yc ome,t heywer eal l wi t honeac c or di nonepl ac e.

Ands uddenl yt her ec amea s oundf r om heavenasofar us hi ngmi ght ywi nd,andi tf i l l ed al lt hehous ewher et heywer es i t t i ng.

Andt her eappear ed unt ot hem c l ovent onguesl i keasoff i r e,andi ts atuponeac h oft hem.

Andt heywer eal lf i l l edwi t ht heHol yGhos t ,and begant os peakwi t hot hert ongues ,ast heSpi r i tgavet hem ut t er anc e. ' ( Ac t s2: 1‭ 4AV) ‬ Whatdi dt heydot hen?Theywentoutandt ol dt hewor l d.

TheDayofPent ec os t

53

Dream orvi s i ons Ar eyouadr eameroravi s i onar y?I ti sPet er ,ont hedayof Pent ec os ti nAc t s2,quot i ngt hepr ophetJ oelt hatmakesme as kt heques t i on."

I nt hel as tdays , "Gods ays ," Iwi l lpourout my Spi r i ton al lpeopl e.Your s ons and daught er s wi l l pr ophes y,youryoungmenwi l ls eevi s i ons ,yourol dmenwi l l dr eam dr eams .

"Readi ngt hes epas s agesIf eelt hatJ oel ,and Pet er even mor es o,ar e us i ng t hes e phr as es poet i c al l y i nt endi ngt oembr ac eever ybody,par al l elt hought sbei nga maj orc omponentofHebr ew poet r y.Ever yonedr eamss ome peopl e havevi s i ons ,whi c hbr i ngsmebac kt omyor i gi nal ques t i on,Ar e you a dr eamer or a vi s i onar y? Dr eamer s dr eam ofwhatmaybe,c oul dbeort heywoul dl i ket obe.

Vi s i onar i esenvi s i onwhatc anbeandwhatt heyi nt endt her e s houl dbe.Whatt hec hur c hneedsar ebot hdr eamer swhos e dr eamsbec omevi s i onsandvi s i onar i eswhoar edet er mi ned t hatt hei rvi s i onss hal lc omei nt of r ui t i on.Yourvi s i onmade r eal i t ymaybet het hi ngt hatmovest hec hur c honwar d.

Harves t “ Br i ngi ngi nt hes heaves �

Ther ear emanyver s esi nt heOl dTes t amentt hatc al lupon t heHebr ewst ogi vet hanksf ort hehar ves t ;her ear eac oupl e.

Thatt hous hal tt akeoft hef i r s tofal lt hef r ui toft hee ar t h, whi c ht hous hal tbr i ngoft hyl andt hatt heLor dt hyGodgi ve t h t he e ,ands hal tputi ti nabas ke t ,ands hal tgount ot hepl ac e whi c ht heLor dt hyGods hal lc hoos et opl ac ehi snamet he r e .

Deut er onomy26: 2AV . . . br i ngt hef i r s t f r ui t sofourgr ound,andt hef i r s t f r ui t sofal l f r ui tofal lt r e e s ,ye arbyye ar ,unt ot hehous eoft heLor d.

54

Nehemi ah10: 34‭ 35AV ‬ The f i r s t panel of t he c ar t oon s howed t he c hoi r and c ongr egat i onatt heHar ves tFes t i vals i ngi ng “ Br i ngi ngi nt he s heaves ,br i ngi ngi nt hes heaves , Wes hal lc omer ej oi c i ng, br i ngi ngi nt hes heaves . ”I nt henextpanelt hel i t t l egi r las ks herbr ot her ,“ What ' sas heave?”“ Idon' tknow, ”her epl i es , “ buti fIs eeoneI ' l lbr i ngi ti n. ” Is uppos et hatnotmanyyoungpeopl ewi l lhaves een a s heaf ,f ort hi sonc ec ent r als ymboloft hehar ves thasnot s ur vi vedt hemec hani s at i onofagr i c ul t ur e.WhenIwasal ad (her ewego,bac kt ot hedar kagesagai n! )Ir eal l yl oved bei ngatmyauntandunc l e’ sf ar m whent hes t eam power ed t hr es hi ngmac hi nec ameandt hegr ai nwass epar at edoutby agi gant i cc ont r apt i on r equi r i ngs ever almen t ooper at ei t .

Todayi ti sr eapedandt hr es hedbyonmanwi t hac ombi ne har ves t erandnos heafi ss een.Ofc our s egr ai nc r opsar enow gr own wi t hs hor t s t emmed var i et i eswhi c h wi t hs t and t he weat her ,butdonotl endt hems el ves ! vest omaki ngs heaves .

Thi smeanst hatwenol ongerar eabl et ohaveas heafast he c ent r epi ec eofourHar ves tFes t i val .I ndeedt hewhol ef ac eof t hec el ebr at i onhasc hangedaswehavemovedawayf r om bei nganagr i c ul t ur al l yawar es oc i et y.Fi s hi ngc ommuni t i es haveal waysbas edt heFes t i valont hei rl i vel i hoodandi nt he c oalmi ni ngvi l l agesofmyc hi l dhoodt hemai nf eat ur ewasa l ar ge l ump ofc oal ,buther et her e hasbeen c hange t oo.

Today' sHar ves tFes t i val sl ar gel ydi s pl aypac kagedgoods ,f or t hi si show mos tofusbuyandper c ei veourf ood.Buti ti ss t i l l t hebount i f ulpr ovi s i onofGod;apr ovi s i onwhi c h,i ns pi t eof wel lmeani ngef f or t s ,t heaf f l uentnat i onsf ai l ,byandl ar ge, t os har es at i s f ac t or i l y.Fol kss eem t of or gett hat“ Theear t hi s t heLor d' s,andt hef ul nes st her eof ;t hewor l d,andt heyt hat dwel lt her ei n. ” ( Ps al ms 24: 1 AV) Paul r emi nds t he Cor i nt hi ans oft hi s when he i s di s c us s i ng s har i ng wi t h 55

unbel i ever s .

Shar i ngandc ar i ngi sames s agef r om J es ushi ms el f“ ForI wasanhunger ed,andyegavemenomeat :Iwast hi r s t y,and yegavemenodr i nk:

… . . .

Thens hal lt heyal s oans werhi m, s ayi ng,Lor d,whens aw wet heeanhunger ed, … ,anddi d notmi ni s t erunt ot hee?

Thens hal lheans wert hem,s ayi ng, Ver i l yIs ayunt oyou,I nas muc hasyedi di tnott ooneoft he l eas toft hes e,yedi di tnott ome” .( Mat t hew 25: 42‭ 45AV) ‬ .

Shar i ngandc ar i ngs t r et c hf arbeyondt heHar ves tFes t i val; r eadt heBi bl epas s age.

56

RoundandAbouti nNort hWal es TheLi ghtoft heWorl d

St andi ngatt hegat eoft hec ounc i lc emet er yi nDwygyf yl c hi , onec ans eeat al lwhi t emonument .Cr os s i ngt hec emet er yt o i t ,youwi l lf i ndanunexpec t eds c ul pt ur e,ac ar vedl i f es i zed r epr oduc t i onofHol manHunt ’ sf amouspai nt i ng" TheLi ght oft heWor l d"Theor i gi nalf r om whi c hi twasc opi ed, whi c h c anbes eeni nStPaul ' sCat hedr al ,por t r aysChr i s t ,l ant er ni n hand,knoc ki ngonadoorover gr ownwi t hbr i ar s ,andwas i ns pi r ed byt hever s ei n Revel at i on " Behol d Is t and att he doorandknoc k!

"Ther ei snohandl eorl at c hont hedoor ,f or t hi si st hedoort ot hehear tandweour s el vesmus topent hat doort ol eti nJ es usChr i s tt heLi ghtoft heWor l d.

Ther ear eanumberofc opyvar i at i onsofHol man Hunt ’ s pai nt i ngar oundt hewor l d,mai nl yass t ai nedgl as swi ndows i nc hur c hesandr epl i c ashangi nmanyc hur c hbui l di ngs( one c an be s pot t ed i n The Vi c arofDi bl ey)butt hi sunus ual s c ul pt ur edc opyi sper hapsuni que.Thec emet er ywher ei t c anbes eeni sont her oadi nt oDwygyf yl c hi ,whi c hi sc l ear l y s i gnpos t edof ft heA55Expr es s way.

57

"WeareSeven” I napr evi ousar t i c l eIwr ot eaboutt he“ Li ghtoft heWor l d” monumenti nt hegr aveyar di nDwygyf yl c hi .Ther ear emany ot herwhatmi ghtbet er med “ c ur i os i t i es ’i nc hur c hesand c hur c hyar dsi nt hear ea,s omeIhavement i oned i n ot her ar t i c l es .Onet hati nt r i guesmei sf oundi nConwy.

Neart heent r anc et oStMar y’ sChur c hi nConwyi sani r onc aged gr ave wi t h a pl aque r eadi ng ‘ We ar e s even’ Gui debooksandgui deswi l lt el lyout hatt hi si swher eLl oegr Ll oegrWi l l i am Wor ds wor t hhadac onver s at i onwi t hayoung gi r l ,f r om whi c h hegai ned i ns pi r at i on t owr i t et hepoem.

Al t hought hi sgr avehasbor nes uc hapl aquef ormanyyear s , RegChamber sJ onesi n hi sbook‘ Cur i ous erandCur i ous er ’ s ays ,“ I ti ss t i l lamys t er ywhyt her es houl dbeapl otwi t hi n t he c hur c hyar d mar ked ‘ We Ar e Seven’ .I tc er t ai nl yi sa mys t er y,f orWor ds wor t hhi ms el fs ai dt hathes poket ot he younggi r lwhowashi si ns pi r at i onatGoodr i c hCas t l ei n1793.

Ihavet hef eel i ngt hatwhoevert houghtup t hi si dea f or at t r ac t i ngt our i s t s ,f orwhatel s ec oul di tbe,hadmi s r eador 58

mi s hear dt hepoem.Al t houghConwayi sment i onedi ti snot i nc onnec t i onwi t ht hegr ave.The‘ l i t t l ec ot t agegi r l ’makesi t ver yc l eart hatherdeadbr ot herands i s t erar ebur i edi nt he gr aveyar dnearherhome.Thet wos i bl i ngsi nConwayar e al i veandwel l ,asar et het wot hathavegonet os ea.

Soi tr emai nsamys t er y.Whof i r s tputupt hepl aque?Why wasi tputt her e( not ei t sc ons pi c uouspos i t i on) ?Whos egr ave i si t ?Thes ear eques t i onst owhi c hwemayneverknow t he ans wer s .

† Bodel wyddanWarGraves .

Tr af f i cs peedi ngal ongt heNor t h Wal esExpr es s way ( A55) vi ewst heMar bl eChur c hi n Bodel wyddan asal andmar k.

Few,Iwoul di magi ne,woul dt hi nkoft ur ni ngof ft ovi s i ta Commonweal t h WarCemet er y,af t eral lt her owsofwhi t e gr aves t onesar ewhatyouexpec tt os eeont hebat t l ef i el dsof Fr anc eandFl ander snoti naNor t hWal esvi l l age.Ther e ar e 116gr aves ,80ofwhi c har eofCanadi ans ol di er swhower eat near byKi nmelCampawai t i ngr epat r i at i on.Youmaybet ol d t hatt heywer eki l l eddur i ngr i ot satt hec amp;i nac t ualf ac ti t i sonl yt r ueoff ouroft hegr aves ,t heot her shavi ngdi ed dur i ngt heSpani s hFl upandemi c .

Two pl aquesi nt heChur c hyar d gi vet hehi s t or y oft hes e gr aves .116s ol di er s–t hemaj or i t yoft hem Canadi an–ar e bur i edatStMar gar et ’ sChur c handt hei rgr avesar el ooked af t erbyt heCommonweal t hWarGr avesCommi s s i on( CWGC) .

Thepl aquesexpl ai nt hatmanyoft heCanadi ans ol di er sdi ed f r om Spani s hf l uast heywai t edf ort r ans por thomeatt he endoft heFi r s tWor l dWar .Tel l i ngt hes t or yoft hes ol di er s 59

bur i edt her et hepl aques ,i nWel s handEngl i s h,havebeen i ns t al l ed by t henor t hwes tbr anc h oft heCommonweal t h WarGr avesCommi s s i on Vi c t or i aWal l ac e,Di r ec t orGener aloft heCWGC,vi s i t i ngt he gr avess ai d:“ Wargr avesi nt heUK ar equi t ean unus ual t hi ngbec aus ewedi dn’ thavebat t l ef i el ds ,s opl ac esl i ket hi s ar er eal l ys pec i al .Thes t or i esofwhathappened her ear e ver ys i gni f i c antf ort hel ongt er m bec aus eofhow t hepeopl e bur i ed her e di ed –i ti snotnec es s ar i l y whatyou woul d expec t .

TheWarGr avesCommi s s i ont endst hegr avesoft hos ewho di ed i nt het woWor l d War ss owec an ens ur et her ei sa per pet ualmemor i alt ot hef al l en”

StTri l l o' sChapel St andi ngont heont hef or es hor eatRhos onSea,pr ot ec t ed byt hemoder npr omenadeands eawal l ,i st het i nyc hapelof Sai ntTr i l l o.Sai dt obet hes mal l es tc hur c hi nt heBr i t i s hI s l es , i thasr oom f ors i xpeopl e.

Thes i mpl es t onebui l di ngwi t hi nt egr alwal l sandr oofand hasaheavywoodendoordat esf r om t hes i xt hc ent ur y.Aswe 60

s ee i tt oday however ,i ti s a Vi c t or i an r es t or at i on wi t h r enewedext er nalwal l sandr oof .

Theal t ari s di r ec t l yoverapr eChr i s t i ans ac r edhol ywel l ; t hepur ewat eroft hewel lors pr i ngpr ovi di ngbot hwat erf or r i t ualus eandt hes ai nt ’ sper s onalneeds .Thewat eri ss t i l l us ed f or bapt i s ms i nt he par i s h.whi c h has t wo ot her c hur c hes .Li kemays uc hwel l si thasar eput at i onf orheal i ng.

Tr i l l o' sbr ot herTygaiandt hei rs i s t erLl ec hi dbot hf ounded c hur c hes :Ll andygai ,nearPenr hyn,BangorandLl anl l ec hi da l i t t l ef ur t hert owar dt hemount ai ns .

Pri nces sJ oan I nt he par i s hc hur c h,Sai ntMar y and Sai ntNi c hol as ,i n Beaumar i si st hec of f i nofapr i nc es s .Si wanorJ oanwast he daught erofKi ngJ ohnofEngl andandt hewi f eofLl ewel yn t heGr eat .

Thes ar c ophagushashadavar i edhi s t or yandpoorSi wangot l os ts omewher ei ni t st r avel s .WhenSi wandi edi n1237s he was bur i ed att he abbey i n Ll anf aes .When Henr y VI I I di s s ol ved t he monas t er i es Ll anf aes ,l i ke many ot her ec c l es i as t i c alf oundat i ons ,bec ame a c onveni ents our c e of s t onef ort hel oc alpeopl e.Thel i df oundi t swayt oBeaumar i s .

Event ual l yt he c of fin i t s el ff ound a r es t i ng pl ac e att he Bul kel ey es t at e atBar on Hi l l .‘ Ant i quar i an’f ol l i es wer e f as hi onabl ei nt heei ght eent hc ent ur yandat empl ewasbui l t t ohous et hec of finoft hepr i nc es s .Al as ,t hees t at ebec ame negl ec t ed and not hi ng now r emai ns of t he mans i on.

Somet i me i nt he i nt er i m per i od,t he c of fin wasr emoved f r om i t s‘ f ol l y’ .I twasf ound,bei ngus edasahor s et r ough, 61

bef or ebei ngr euni t edwi t hi t sl i di nt heni net eent hc ent ur y andpl ac edher ei nt hec hur c hpor c h.

Oppos i t et hec hur c hi st het owngaolwi t hi t sgal l ows ,whi c h ext ended over t he s t r eet . Legend has i tt hat Ri c har d Rowl ands ,t hel as tman t obeexec ut edatBeaumar i sGaol , l ooked ac r os st he r oad f r om t he s c af f ol d and c ur s ed t he c hur c h c l oc k.I ti ss ai dt hatt hec l oc kf ai l ed t o keep t he c or r ec tt i mef ormanyyear saf t er war d,butIam notver y c onvi nc edt hatt hi swasbec aus eofRowl and' sc ur s e.

Fi s hPonds The f i s h pond was an es s ent i al par t of t he medi eval monas t i cs et t l ement .Notonl ydi dt heys uppl yf i s hf orHol y Days ,butt heywer eavi t als our c eofpr ot ei n.Theyr anged gr eat l yi ns i ze and f or m as ,ofc our s e,abbeysand ot her r el i gi ouses t abl i s hment sdi d.

Mos twer e,ast henames ugges t s ,s i mpl epondsot her swer e l ar geandr equi r edc ar ef ulandext ens i ve management .The mai nc ons i der at i on wast hatt her ewaswat erf l owi ngi nt o t hepond.Underi dealc i r c ums t anc esf i s hr equi r ednof eedi ng andwer eavai l abl eal lyearr ound.Ther ec oul dbeas er i esof ponds ,enabl i ngmovementoft hef i s hast heygr ew.Anot her f or m wast hes t ew ors t ew pond,t hi sabodyoff r es hwat eri n whi c ht os t or ef i s hc aughtel s ewher e.An exampl e ofa f i s hpondc anbes eenatPenmonPr i or y.

The Bi s hopsofBangort ook t he i dea a s t age f ur t herby ef f ec t ual l ymaki ngt heMenaiSt r ai t saf i s hpond.Ti dalf i s ht r apswer ebui l tonani s l andi nt hes t r ai t s ,now knownas YnysGor adGoc h( Redf i s ht r api s l and:Edwar di ansknew i t 62

asWhi t ebai tI s l and)t oget herwi t h as moke hous e and a r es i denc ef ort hekeeper .Thi sens ur edac ont i nuals uppl yof f i s hf ort heCat hedr alc l er gyands t af f .

Hol yWel l s Manyoft heCel t i cs ai nt sandt hei rc hur c heshavehol ywel l s as s oc i at ed wi t h t hem, you wi l lf i nd many i n Nor t h Wal es .

Ever ys ai ntwoul dhavet ohavehi sc el lnearas uppl y ofwat er ,s oi ti spr obabl et hatt heyal lhadawel lors pr i ng t hatwasl i nkedt ot hem.I ti sequal l ypos s i bl et hatmanyof t hes ewer eanc i ents ac r eds pot s ,f orweknow t hatt heear l y Chr i s t i an t eac her st ooks i t est hatwer eal r eadyi n us eand ‘ Chr i s t i ani s ed’t hem. " Thr eec oi nsi naf ount ai n. . . ” ,wer et hefir s twor dsofas ong t hatwaspopul ars omeyear sago.Thes ongc amef r om afil m andt hef ount ai nwast heTr eviFount ai ni nRome.I tc oul d havebeenanyf ount ai n,poolor‘ wi s hi ngwel l ’ ,f orwher ever t her ei swat erpeopl ehaveanur get ot os sc oi nsi ni t .Soyou wi l ls eec oi nsi nt hehol ywel l ss uc h asStSei r i ol ’ sand St Cyngar ’ s ;i tal s oenc our agesc har i t yf undr ai s er st os etup ‘ wi s hi ngwel l s ’ Thi shasbeen happeni ngf orc ent ur i esand appear st ogo bac kt ot hevot i veof f er i ngst hatouranc es t or sof f er edt ot he 63

dei t yors pi r i t .Thef i s s ur esi nt her oc ksandt heopeni ngsi n t hegr ound,t hatmys t er i ous l ygavet hepur ewat ervi t alt ol i f e, wer es eenaspor t al st ot heot herwor l dAnnwn.Themeagr e of f er i ngsofs mal lc oi nst hatwet hr ow i nt ot hepoolwoul d not ,ofc our s e,beens eenass uf fic i entbyt heanc i ent s .

Many of t hes es pr i ngs wer er eput ed t o have heal i ng pr oper t i es .Oneout s t andi ngexampl ei st hatwhi c hgi vest he t ownofHol ywel l( Tr ef f ynnon)i t sname-StWi ni f r i de' s .The s pr i ngi t s el fi shous edi nas hr i neandf eedsal ar gepooli n whi c ht hepi l gr i msbat he.StWi nef r i de' sWel lhasbeenas i t e ofChr i s t i anpi l gr i mages i nc et hemi ddl eoft he17t hc ent ur y, t het ownbi l l si t s el fasTheLour desofWal es .Manypi l gr i ms c ont i nuet ovi s i tHol ywel landt heWel last heyhavedone t hr ough t hec ent ur i es .Themus eum on t hes i t ehasavas t c ol l ec t i onofs t i c ksandc r ut c hesdi s c ar dedbyt hos ec l ai mi ng t ohavebeen heal ed.When Ivi s i t ed al i t t l ewhi l eagowe wer ewel c omedbyavol unt eerwhoent hus i as t i c al l yt es t i f i ed t oherownheal i ngexper i enc e.

I nt he ol d Cel t i cl egends many wel l s or s pr i ngs had a guar di an s pi r i t ,afis h-t r out ,eelors al mon-ors omeot her c r eat ur el i vi ngi nt hem.Theol dwel lofStDwynwen,now s adl y dr y and der el i c t ,i ss ai dt o have been home t o an undyi ngeelwhi c hgr ant edt hewi s hesofl over s .Ami xt ur eof t heol dr el i gi onandChr i s t i ani t y.

Todays omeoft hes eol dwat ers our c esar edi f f i c ul tt of i nd, whi l s tot her sar es t i l lqui t epr omi nentr emai ni ngmuc h as t heyhavef orc ent ur i es .StTr i l l o’ s ,asment i onedi nanot her ar t i c l e,i sbeneat ht heal t arofhi sc hapel ;StSei r ol ’ si ni t sown l i t t l ec el latPenmon. +64

TheMi ni s t er' sWat chSt and Themaj or i t y ofc hur c hesand c hapel si n Br i t ai n haveno c l oc ki ns i ghtoft hemi ni s t er ,ar ec i pef orl ongs er mons .The Engl i s hPr es byt er i anChur c hi nMenaiBr i dge onAngl es ey hasani nt er es t i ngs ol ut i ont ot hi spr obl em;t hepul pi thasa s t andf orawat c h.Ther ebei ngnoc l oc ki nt hec hur c ht he pr eac her ,bypl ac i nghi spoc ket wat c hont hes t and,woul dbe abl et okeephi seyeont het i meandl ongs er monsar eno mor e( hopef ul l y) .

Di s coveryonAngl es ey Thec hur c hofStGr edi f aeli nPenmynyddi snol ongerus edas apl ac eofwor s hi pbuti si mpor t antbec aus ei twast hehome c hur c hoft heTudurf ami l y,knowni nEngl i s hast heTudor s , andhous est het ombofGor onwyandMyf anwy. Gor onwy TudurknownasGor nw Fyc handi edi nanac c i denti n1382.

Hewast heunc l eofOwai nTudur ,whowast hegr andf at her ofHenr yTudor ,whobec ameHenr yVI I .

Thet ombwasor i gi nal l yatLl anf aesFr i ar y,butmovedt oSt Gr edi f ael ’ sf ol l owi ngt hedi s s ol ut i on oft hemonas t er i esby Henr yVI I I .I ti sc ur r ent l yi nt henewsas ,dur i ngapr oj ec tt o c l ean and r es t or et hi sr ar e al abas t ert omb,a numberof bones wer e di s c over ed under i t . Ar c haeol ogi s t s have unc over edt her emai nsofatl eas ts i xpeopl e. “ Sur el y, ”youmays ay,“ oneexpec t st of i ndbonesundera t omb. ”I nt hi sc as ei ti snots o.I twasc us t omar yt obur yt he r i c hi ns i det hec hur c handt henmovet hem t ot hegr aveyar d out s i de,buti tappear s ,f orr eas onsunknown,t hatt hes e s kel et onsr emai nedi ns i de.

Spenc erSmi t h,who’ sbeenal eadi ngpar toft heexc avat i on 65

t eam,s ai d:“ Thewoodenf l ooroft henor t hs i deoft hec hur c h wasnots t r ongenought ot aket hewei ghtoft hepanel st he t ombi smadeupof ,andc ons equent l yt hef l oorwasl i f t edi n or dert owor kouthow t obes tr epl ac ei t .Whent hef l oorwas l i f t ed,s ever alver ydi s t ur bedbur i al swer ef ound,whi c hwe bel i evehad been di s t ur bed dur i ngt hec ons t r uc t i on oft he woodenf l oori n1848.Thel oos ebonewi l lber ec or dedand s t udi ed bef or er ebur i alwi t hi nt hec hur c h and t hegr aves di s c over edwi l lber ec or dedbutt hebodi esl ef twi t hi nt hem. �

66

ChurchFurni s hi ngsandArchi t ect ure oranyt hi ngel s et hatIf i ndi nt er es t i ng.

FONTS Thef onti sus ual l yoneoft hef i r s tt hi ngs t hatwes eeaswe ent erac hur c h,f ori ti snor mal l ypl ac edneart heent r anc e.

Thi spos i t i oni ngi ss ymbol i c ,c omi ngt hr ough t hedooryou ent ert hec hur c hbui l di ng;att hef ontyouent ert hec hur c h body.

Thef onthasavas tvar i et yoff or msf r om t hever ys i mpl et o whatwe mi ghtc ons i derasoverel abor at e.Notal lnonc onf or mi s tc hur c hespr ac t i s ei nf antbapt i s m,buti nt hos e t hatdot hef onti sof t ens i mpl eandat abl et opver s i on.

Thepr ac t i s eofhavi ngac over ,s omeofwhi c har el ar geand el abor at e, ont hef onti ss ai dt ohavebeenputi npl ac et o pr eventt he bl es s ed wat er bei ng t aken f or s uper s t i t i ous c er emoni es .Ot herf ont sl i ket heonei n Dur ham Cat hedr al andLut onr es i dei nt hei rown' t empl es ' Mos tf ont s ar er el at i vel ys i mpl es t r uc t ur es ,of t en wi t h Bi bl i c als c enesort heEvangel i s t sc ar vedar oundt hem,but ot her s ar e qui t e di f f er ent .AtStLaur enc e' s ,Ludl ow i n Shr ops hi r et hef onti spar tofaRomanc ol umnhol l owedand s omeyear s ,agoInot i c edt hatt hef onti naBut l i n' sHol i day Campc hapelwasac as tc onc r et ebi r dbat hs uc hasyoubuy atagar denc ent r e.

I nCovent r yCat hedr alt hef onti sat hr eet onboul derf r om a hi l l s i de nearBet hl ehem.Aver yi mpr es s i vef ontc anbes een i n StMar gar et ' s ,Bodel wyddanwher ewhi t eCar r ar amar bl e 67

c ar vi ngsoft het woyoungdaught er soft hebar onetSi rHugh appr oac hyouhol di ngal ar ges eas hel lwhi c hi st hef ontbas i n.

Auni queanddel i ght f uli dea.

SEDI LI A Looki ngar oundac hur c hyoumaynot i c es omewher e near t heal t ar ,al c ovesorr ec es s eds eat s ,us ual l yt hr ee,Thes ear e s edi l i a,f r om t heLat i ns edi l e-s eat .Theyar enor mal l ys et i nt ot hewal lt ot hes out hs i deoft heal t ar .Thes ear ef ort he c l er gyatmas s :t heof f i c i at i ngpr i es tandhi sas s i s t ant s ,t he deac onands ubdeac on.

Li kemos tf eat ur esofc hur c hest heyhavemanyvar i at i ons .

Ear l y may be s i mpl e be s i mpl e benc hes l at er bec omi ng r oundar c hed r ec es s es or el abor at egot hi cni c hes .They ar e of t en gr aduat ed, t he c el ebr antt aki ng t he hi ghes t l evel .I n many i ns t anc est he pi s c i na i sei t heradj ac entt o t he s edi l i a or i nc or por at ed i nt o t hem. The ar c hes or c anopi es c an be hi ghl y dec or at ed,wi t hel abor at ec ar vi ng,of t en off ol i age,orwi t h headsofki ngs ,queens ,orr el i gi ousf i gur es .

Al t hough mos ts edi l i a ar es t one,notal lar e;t her ei s ,f or exampl e,awoodenonewhi c hpr obabl ydat esf r om t he15t h c ent ur yi nStNi c hol as ' Chur c hatRodmer s ham i nKent .

When t her ei s onl y one s eat ,as atStMar y’ s ,Pr i nc es Ri s bor ough t hes i ngul arf or m' s edi l e' i sus ed.

68

THECHAPTERHOUSE Thec hapt erhous ewasan i mpor t antpar toft hemonas t i c s et t l ementorc ol l egi at ec hur c h.I twast hec onf er enc er oom orboar dr oom;t hec ent r eofbus i nes sandadmi ni s t r at i on.

Thec ommuni t ywoul dmeeti nt hec hapt erhous ewi t ht he abbott o" hol dc hapt er " ;t hati st os har ei n ar eadi ng or “ c hapt er ” ,t hey al s o metf ort he c or r ec t i on off aul t s ,t he as s i gni ngoft het as ksf ort heday,andf ort heexhor t at i onof t he s uper i or ,and agai nf or t he eveni ng r eadi ng bef or e Compl i ne.

Monas t i cc ommuni t i eswer egover nedbyanadmi ni s t r at i ve bodyofpr i or sorabbot sandmonkswhi c hbec ameknownas t he ‘ c hapt er ’f r om meet i ng i n t hi sc hamber . Synods , ec c l es i as t i c alc our t sands i mi l armeet i ngsof t ent ookpl ac ei n c hapt erhous es .

Chapt erhous esar eof t enas epar at ebui l di ngadj oi ni ngt he abbeyc hur c horc at hedr al ,f r equent l yl i nkedbyas l ypeor c l oi s t erwal k.Themos tc ommondes i gnf orc hapt erhous esi s pol ygonal ,wi t h a poi nt ed ext er nalr oofs uppor t ed on a c ent r alc ol umn.Thei nt er i orwal l sar el i nedwi t hi ndi vi dual s eat sf orc hapt ermember s ,of t en out l i ned byar c adi ngor pi er s ,wi t hc anopi esovereac hs eat .I ns omei ns t anc est he s eat shavet heof f i c eoft hemembernamed ont hem.

Someoft hebes ts ur vi vi ngexampl esofmedi evalc hapt er hous esc anbes eenatWes t mi ns t erAbbey.Wel l sCat hedr al , Li c hf i el dCat hedr al ,Li nc ol n Cat hedr al ,Sal i s bur yCat hedr al , Yor kMi ns t er ,andSout hwel lMi ns t er .Themor es t r i ki ngof t hes es t r uc t ur eshavehuges t ai nedgl as swi ndowsc r eat i ng anext r aor di nar i l yl i ghtands pac i ousi nt er i or .

Todayc hapt erhous esar es t i l lus edf ormeet i ngs ,buti nmany ofourc at hedr al sandgr eatc hur c hest heyhavef oundot her 69

us es .Some ar e now t he home of exhi bi t i ons or s mal l mus eums ,asatLi c hf i el dwher ei thous est heStChadGos pel .

I not herpl ac est heyar ewher epeopl egat hert oc hatovera c up oft ea,i n yetot her st hey ar e pl ac es ofqui etand medi t at i on.

RELI CS The vener at i on ofr el i c sofpeopl e hel di ns pec i alr egar d pr edat esChr i s t i ani t y,an exampl ebei ngt heher oc ul t sof anc i entGr eec e.The t er m as us ed i nt he c hur c ht oday c ompr i s est hr eet ypesofr el i cdef i nedbyt heRomanCat hol i c Chur c has : • Fi r s t Cl as sRel i c s :Thephys i c alr emai nsofas ai ntori t ems di r ec t l yas s oc i at edwi t ht heevent sofChr i s t ' sl i f e.

• Sec ondCl as s Rel i c s :i t ems t hatt he s ai ntowned or f r equent l y us ed.Thi si nc l udes whatar e known as ex i ndument i s( " f r om t hec l ot hi ng" )apar tofs omet hi ngt hatt he s ai ntwor e.

• Thi r dCl as sRel i c s :anyobj ec tt hati st ouc hedt oaf i r s t -or s ec ondc l as sr el i c .Mos tt hi r dc l as sr el i c sar es mal lpi ec esof c l ot h.

TheSec ondCounc i lofNi c aeai n787dec r eedt hatever yal t ar s houl dc ont ai nar el i c ,t heedi c tbei ngf ol l owedt ot hepr es ent dayi nt heCat hol i candOr t hodoxc hur c hes .

Ther e wasc ons i der abl et r ade and t r af f i cofr el i c si nt he medi evalper i odandt he aut hent i c i t yofmanyr el i c si smor e t handoubt f ul .Somemays oundt ool udi c r oust obet r ue( a phi aloft heVi r gi n Mar y’ smi l k)and ot her sexi s ti nl ar ge quant i t i es( t her ear es ai dt obemor et hant hi r t ynai l sf r om t hec r uc i f i xi on) 70

I c onoc l as t i cpur gesdur i ngt heRef or mat i onandDi s s ol ut i on f ol l owed by t he Ci vi lWar s and Commonweal t hc l ear ed Br i t i s hc hur c hesofmos toft hei rr el i c s .I nAngl i c anc hur c hes t hos et hatr emai norhavebeenf ounds i nc ear enotus ual l y r egar dedasvener at edobj ec t sbutast r eas ur esorr emi nder s oft hepas t .

I nani c hei nt heHol yTr i ni t yChapelbehi ndt hehi ghal t ari n StDavi d' s Cat hedr al ,enc l os ed byan i r on gr i d,t her ei sa c as ket .Thi sr el i quar ywast r adi t i onal l yt houghtt oc ont ai n r el i c sofStDavi dandStJ us t i ni anofRams ey.Rec ents c i ent i f i c exami nat i on oft hes e bones ,however ,dat es t he ear l i es t f r agment st ot he12t hc ent ur y.

Thes hr i neofStDavi dhasbeenbeaut i f ul l yr es t or edandwas r ededi c at edi n2012.Thi sdoesnotc ont ai nabur i alast he s hr i newasdes ec r at eddur i ngt heDi s s ol ut i on.

Oneoft hemos ti nt er es t i ngs t or i esofr el i c s ,i fI mayc al l t hem s uc h,i sf ound i nt he t op r i ght hand c or neroft he Br i t i s hI s l es ;Ki r kwal lCat hedr al .Thec at hedr ali sdedi c at ed t oSt .Magnusandwasbui l tbyhi snephew St .Rognval dasa r es t i ngpl ac ef orhi sr el i c s .

I n1919,whi l er es t or at i onwor kwasbei ngdone,t hebonesof bot hStMagnusandStRognval dwer ef oundi mmur edand af t ert hewor kwasc ompl et edt heywer er et ur nedt ot hei r uni quer es t i ngpl ac ei nt hepi l l ar .

71

Sai nt sandThei rSymbol s .

Fac ed wi t h an ar r ay ofs ai nt s ,whet heri ti st hehundr ed s ai nt sand ki ngsatLi c hf i el d orahal fdozen i n ourl oc al par i s hc hur c h,wemayhavedi f f i c ul t yi nwor ki ngoutwho t heyar e.Thet as ki smadeeas i erbyt hef ac tt hatt heyhave s ymbol sas s oc i at ed wi t ht hem.I ti si mpos s i bl et o pr i nta c ompr ehens i vel i s ti napubl i c at i ons uc hast hi s ,buther ear e s omeoft hemor ec ommonones .

Pr obabl yt hemos tc ommongr oupar et hef ourevangel i s t s .

Theyar eof t enf oundar oundapul pi t ,s omet i mesar ounda f ont or even as pew f i ni al s .Al lf our ar es hown wi t h s omet hi ngs ymbol i c ofwr i t i ngandar epr es ent at i onofwhat i ss eenast hei remphas i si nt heGos pel .SowehaveMat t hew wi t hapenandaman;Mar kwr i t i ngwi t hal i onathi sf eet ; Lukei sac c ompani edbyanoxashes i t sathi sr eadi ngdes k; J ohn i sdepi c t ed wi t h an eagl e.Ther e ar e,aswoul d be expec t ed wi t hs uc h ac ommonl yr ec ur r i ng t heme,many var i at i onsoft hes er epr es ent at i ons .00i j mv Commonl y mi s t aken f oreac h ot herar eStGeor geand St Mi c hael ,bot har eus ual l y depi c t edonhor s ebac ks l ayi nga dr agon.I dent i f i c at i on i ss i mpl e however ,StGeor ge i sa s ol di erwear i ngar mourandbear i nghi sc r os sbadgewhi l s tSt Mi c hael ,not al ways mount ed,i ss l ayi ng or t r ampl i ng 72

under f oot ,a dr agon r epr es ent i ng Sat an,he nor mal l y has wi ngs .

Ot her c ommonl yr epr es ent ed s ai nt s ar e StAndr ew who hol dsa s al t i r ec r os s ,StPet erwi t ht hekeys ,StDavi dhas ei t herahar poradoveof t en bot h.

Many ar ei dent i f i ed by t he means oft hei r mar t yr dom; Cat her i ne’ swheelIt hi nkmos tpeopl eknow.Ther ear eal s o St .St ephenwi t has t one,StSebas t i anboundt oat r eeand s hotwi t har r ows ,StDeni sc ar r i eshi sownhead( StWi ni f r i de hashadher ss ewnbac konagai n-wi t hbi gs t i t c hes . )

GREATBOARDS A Canonof1608or der edt hatt heCr eed,t heLor d' sPr ayer and t heTen Commandment st o bedi s pl ayed i nc hur c hes Theyar eus ual l y,butnotal ways ,pl ac edatt heeas t er nendof t henave. Theywer eus edbys uc hoft heCongr egat i onas wer el i t er at ei nt hedaysbef or ePr ayerBookswer epr ovi ded.

I n many c hur c hesonl yt heTen Commandment s ort he Lor d' sPr ayers eem t ohaves ur vi vedt he400year s .

CATHEDRA Thec at hedr a orbi s hop’ st hr onei s ,ofc our s e,whatmakesa c at hedr alac at hedr al .Thewor dc at hedr ai sf r om t heLat i n wor df or" c hai r " ,whi c hi nt ur nc omesf r om Gr eek,καθέ δρα ' ' kat hédr a' ' ," s eat " .A c at hedr ali st he c hur c h wher et he bi s hophashi ss eat .So,al t hough t her ei saBi s hopofBat h andWel l s ,Bat hAbbeyi snotac at hedr alast hebi s hop’ ss eat 73

i sWel l s .

Li ke mos tc hur c hf ur ni s hi ngs c at hedr as c ome i n many s hapesandf or ms .Thet hebi s hop’ st hr onec an beaf ai r l y s i mpl ec hai r( Newc as t l e,St okeonTr entandmanyot herof t henewerc at hedr al s ) ,I ns omec at hedr al swef i ndal ar ge and el abor at et hr oneorwhatc an onl ybedes c r i bed asa s t r uc t ur e. Exet er ,t hel ar ges ti n Eur ope,i san out s t andi ng 14t hc ent ur yexampl ewi t h al ar geandel abor at el yc ar ved c anopy.Theot hert wos ur vi vi ngwoodenmedi aevalt hr ones , StDavi d’ sandHer ef or d haveas i mi l arappr oac h.

I f we vi s i tDur ham,however ,we f i nd t he ul t i mat ei n c at hedr a s t r uc t ur es , per haps r ef l ec t i ng t he Bi s hop of Dur ham’ ss t at us ,A s t one bui l ts t ai r c as er i s est o whati s r eput edt obet hehi ghes tbi s hop’ st hr onei nChr i s t endom.

74

SomeMoreChurchVi s i t s Eas t bri dgeHos pi t al ,Cant erbury “ How c ur i ous ” ,It houghtaswal ked al ongt heCant er bur y s t r eet .Is t opped att hedoor way t o a medi aevalbui l di ng, i nt r i guedbyt hef ac tt hatt hedoorwaspar t i al l ybel ow s t r eet l evel .Ther oadwayhasappar ent l ybui l tupovert heyear s .I l ookedupandr eadt hes i gnabovet hedoor“ TheCant er bur y Pi l gr i m’ sHos pi t alofStThomas .The Pi l gr i m’ sRef ec t or y, Chapel ,Under c r of tEt c ”.“ Thats oundsi nt er es t i ng. ”Is ai d,t he s i gnt ol dmei twas“ Opent ovi s i t or s ”s oIopenedt heGot hi c doors t eppeddownt het hr ees t epsandf oundmys el fi nt he wor l d oft hemedi aevalpi l gr i m.Ihad ent er ed aVes t i bul e bui l ti nc .

1180.

Ont hel ef ti st heChant r yChapelofOurLady,us edf ors ayi ng Mas sf ort hedead.A 14t hc ent ur yar c hs epar at est hemai n par toft hec hapelf r om t hes anc t uar yar ea.Li kemanyot her r el i gi ousi ns t i t ut i onsc onnec t edwi t hpi l gr i magest hehos pi t al wasc l os ed dur i ngt heRef or mat i on.Thec hapel ,c l os ed i n 1547,wasnotr es t or edt ous eunt i l1969whent hebeam on t heal t ars i deoft hear c h,f r om t heol d“ TheSar ac en’ sHead’ i nnwasi ns t al l eddat esf r om t he14t hc ent ur y.I ti snow i n dai l yus ef orwor s hi p.

Upas hor tf l i ghtofs t epsf r om t heRef ec t or ywec omet ot he Pi l gr i ms 'Chapel .Thi swasbui l ti n1190;t hef i newoodwor k 75

oft her oofdat esf r om about1285.TheChapelas s umedi t s pr es entf or mi nt he14t hc ent ur y.Thec hapelwasus edasa s c hool r oom f r om 1569t o1880butwasr es t or edt oi t sor i gi nal us eatanear l i erdat et hant heChant r y,1927.Overt heyear s i thasgat her edanumberofaddi t i ons :t heoakbeamedbel l c ageands anc t usbel li n1727;s omeol dpews ,c ar vedc hai r s f ort heAr c hbi s hopandt heMas t er ,andas etofanc i ents t al l s wi t h mi s er i c or ds ( Ihad a l ook att hes e,t hey ar e pl ai n under neat h) ,dat i ngf r om t heear l y15t hc ent ur y,Thes ec ame f r om t he near

by Hol y Cr os s Chur c hi n 1972 and may or i gi nal l yhavebeeni ns omer el i gi oushous ei nt hec i t ypr eDi s s ol ut i on.

TheHos pi t alwasf ounded t omeett heneedsoft hel ar ge number ofpi l gr i ms c omi ng t o Cant er bur yi nt he year s f ol l owi ngt hedeat hofThomasBec ket .Nof i r m evi denc ef or t hedat eoft hef oundi ngoft heHos pi t alc anbef ound,buti ti s l i kel y,ac c or di ngt or ec or ds ,t hati twasi nexi s t enc eby1176.

Fr om gi f t sofl andsandmoney,t hef oundat i ons oonbec ame r i c h,buti tf el loutofus e af t ers ome 150 year s .I twas r ef ounded i n 1342 by Ar c hbi s hop St r at f or d, and was pr obabl yati t speaki nt he1380swhenChauc erwaswr i t i ng hi sCant er bur yTal es .

I n 1538,t hes hr i net o St .Thomaswasdes t r oyed and t he Hos pi t alwenti nt odec l i ne,buti n1584Ar c hbi s hopWhi t gi f t mader ef or mswhi c hwer epr ot ec t edbyAc tofPar l i ament .

TheHos pi t alhadf r om t hatt i met opr ovi deac c ommodat i on f ort enpoorpeopl eofCant er bur yandpayadol et ot enmor e.

I n addi t i on t ot hi ss hel t erand c ar ef orwounded s ol di er s pas s i ng t hr ough Cant er bur y had t o be pr ovi ded,and t he s c hoolf ort went yboys ,whi c hhadbeenf oundedi n1569,was mai nt ai ned,ands t ayedopenunt i l1880.TodayEas t br i dgeas an Al ms hous ec ont i nuest ogi veahomeand s uppor tt oa gr oupofpeopl eofvar yi ngneeds .

76

Overt hec ent ur i espeopl e’ sneedshavec hanged,ashaveour waysofmeet i ngt hos eneeds .Over800year sagomonkss aw i tast hei rChr i s t i an dut yt o gi vec omf or tand r es tt ot he wear yt r avel l er ,t ohel pt hei rf el l ow manwhat everhi sneed.

Theyf ol l owedt hewor dsoft heMas t er( Mat t hew 25: 3540)as wemus tal s oheed.

Durham Cat hedral ,TheSanct uaryKnocker Reac hi ngt hedooroft heAbbeyaf t erf l eei ngac r os st heGr een, t hef ugi t i vegr as pedt her i nghel di nt hemout hofoft hemas k, banged i tl oudl y and c r i ed out ,“ Sanc t uar y!Sanc t uar y!

Sanc t uar y! ” Letmepaus ef oramoment ,f orIam get t i ngaheadwi t ht he s t or y.

Anyone who ‘ had c ommi t t ed a gr eatof f enc e, ’woul d be gi ven s anc t uar yf ort hi r t ys evendays .Ther ewer et wos mal l c hamber sabovet hedoor waywi t hwi ndowswher emonks s atkeepi ngawat c houtf ors anc t uar ys eeker s ,l et t i ng t hem i npr ompt l y,atanyt i meoft hedayorni ght .

Whenaper s ons oughts anc t uar yi nt heCat hedr al ,t heGal i l ee bel lwoul d ber ungt o announc ei t .Thes anc t uar ys eeker woul d begi ven abl ac kr obet owear ,wi t h StCut hber t ’ s Cr os ss ewnont hel ef ts houl dert odi s t i ngui s ht hem asone whohadbeengr ant eds anc t uar ybyGodandhi ss ai nt .He waskepti n an enc l os ur es epar at ed f r om t he r es toft he c hur c h,and waspr ovi ded f ood,dr i nk,beddi ngand ot her nec es s i t i esatt heabbey’ sexpens e,unt i lt heper s on’ ss af e depar t ur ec oul dbear r anged.Thef ugi t i ve,havi ngdec i dedt o admi thi sgui l tbef or eGodandt heaut hor i t i es ,hadt hi r t y77

s evendayst ol eaveEngl andTheonl ywayt odot hatwasby s ea,andhewases c or t edt oapor t ,us ual l yHar t l epool ,wher e hewasputont hef i r s tboatt oc ont i nent alEur ope,wi t hno r et ur nt i c ket !

TheRi ghtt oSanc t uar ywasabol i s hedi n1624.

The knoc keryou c an s ee on t he Nor t h Doort oday i sa moder nr epl i c a oft he 12t hc ent ur y or i gi nal ,t he or i gi nal bei ngf art ooval uabl et ol eaveexpos edt ot heel ement s ;even t hec opyhass uf f er edc or r os i veweat her i ng,s howi ngapat i na ofver di gr i s ,whi c hi st ypi c alofc opperorc opperal l oys .The or i gi nalc anbes eeni nt heTr eas ur yMus eum,l oc at edi nt he c l oi s t er soft heCat hedr al .

Bat t l eAbbey Af t ert he Bat t l eofHas t i ngsWi l l i am t heConquer orf ounded amonas t er yatt hes i t eoft hebat t l e.Suppos edl yt heabbey c hur c h’ shi ghal t arwaspl ac edupont hes potwher eHar ol d di ed.Ther ei ss omedoubtaboutt hi s .Cont empor ar yac c ount s andmoder nr es ear c ht el lust hatt hebat t l et ookpl ac eona near byhi l lher eatSenl ac( Has t i ngsi ss evenmi l esaway)not downont hec ompar at i vel yl evelgr oundwher et hec hur c h now s t ands .I ts eemspr obabl et hatt hebui l der sl ookedf ora pi ec eofgr oundt hatwaseas i ert obui l dont hant hehi l l s i de.

Att het i meoft hedi s s ol ut i onoft heMonas t er i es ,Henr yVI I I 78

gavet hemonas t er yandl andst ohi sf r i endandMas t eroft he Hor s e,Si rAnt honyBr owne,whodemol i s hedt hec hur c hand par t soft he c l oi s t er ,t ur ni ng t he abbot ' sdwel l i ng i nt oa c ount r yhous e.wass ol di n 1721byBr owne' sdes c endant , Ant hony Br owne,6t h Ear lof Mont agu,t o Si r Thomas Webs t er ,MP and bar onet .Af t erpas s i ng t hr ough s ever al owner si twasbr oughtbac kt ot hef ami l yi n 1901by Si r Augus t usWebs t erf r om whos edes c endant si tc amet ot he nat i oni n1976.Thes i t ewhi c hi nc l udest heabbeybui l di ng and r ui ns ,and t hemonks 'gat ehous ei snow managed by Engl i s hHer i t age.

79

Sermonsi nBri ef ( Pr obabl y)TheWor l d' ss hor t es ts er mons

Ps al m 23 NoWant( ver s e1) NoWor r y( ver s e4) NoWander i ng( ver s e6)

Act s1: 8 Taket heGos pel ‌ Her e.( J er us al em) Ther e.( Samar i a) Ever ywher e.( Al lt hewor l d) Mot t ooft heCoc aCol ac ompany' Thi nkgl obal l y;ac tl oc al l y'

Mark4: 3129 Whatt odowi t hyourf ai t h.

Leti ts how ( ver s es2122) Leti tgr ow ( ver s es2629)

80

Ps al m 48 TheLat i nmot t oVi deo,audi o,di s c o,hasnot hi ngt odowi t hmoder n t ec hnol ogy.I tmeansl ook,l i s t enandl ear n.

Compar et hi swi t hver s es8&9oft hePs al m.

Samuel17 Davi d’ svi c t or ypoi nt sust oourr equi r ement sf ort hevi c t or yof f ai t h.

Fear l es s nes soff ai t h As s ur anc eofvi c t or y I ndi f f er enc et os c or n Tr us ti nGodnotman Hear tr i ghtwi t hGod

J ohn1 TheLi ghthasc ome… ast hel i ghtofl i f e.( v4) ast het r uel i ght .( v9) ast heWor l d' sl i ght .( v7)

81

J ob21: 25 APERSONALTESTI MONY I know t hat My Redeemerl i ves .

Mos es ‘Excus es( ExodusChapt ers3&4) Whoam I ?( 3: 11) Whats hal lIs ay? ( 3: 13) Theywi l lnotbel i eveme. ( 4: 1) Iam notel oquent ( 4: 10) Ar et hes eyourexc us est oo?RememberwhatGoddi dwi t h Mos es .

BeChri s t l i ke ( Phi l i ppi ans2) Beas er vant( ver s e17) Behumbl e( ver s e8) Beobedi ent ( ver s e8) Noegot r i p,i si t ?

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Byt hes ameaut hor

Many ot her s have wr i t t en hi st or i es and t our i stgui des aboutAngl esey; some er udi t e and heavy,ot her sl i ght and easy r eadi ng.Thi sl i t t l e vol ume i sa f ew r andom t hought sand scr i bbl i ngs-some i smy weak at t emptat humour .Theonecommonl i nkt ot hesenot esi st hatt hey ar eaboutt hei sl andt hatIcal lhome. ★★★ Avai l abl et or eadonl i neatwww. i ssuu. com/ t hecapt ai n.

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MEANDERI NGSAND MUSI NGS Ast het i t l esays,acol l ect i onofmeander i ngt hought s andmusi ngs,somesi mpl yobser vat i onsot her s wi t ha spi r i t ualordevot i onalcont ent .

Cont ent s Chur ches&Cat hedr al s.. . .Tr av el sar oundBr i t ai n.

JustaThought .. . .At houghtt ost ar ty out hi nki ng.

AFewBr i efMessages.. . .Justaqui ckt hought .

Seasonal Thought s.. . .Thosespeci al t i mesoft hey ear .

RoundandAbouti nNor t hWal es-becauset hi si swher eIl i v e!

Chur chFur ni t ur eandAr chi t ect ur e. . .andany t hi ngel set hatt akes myf ancy !

SomeMor eChur chVi si t s.

Ser monsI nBr i ef. . .

Theydon' tcomemuchshor t ert hant hi s.

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