HYSTERIA
Why does it take a crisis to unite us?
What does a superfan at a bowl game have in common with a kid orphaned by a devastating tornado? Why are the greatest communication tools the same ones that destroy our ability to connect with each other? Does our care factor for others have a shelf life? Are you addicted to reality TV more than you are to reality?
HYSTERIA
DEDICATION Thank you Mom & Dad for supporting and trusting me in this gamble of a career change. I will forever be thankful.
CONTENTS
001
CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 6
049
005
CHAPTER 2
CHAPTER 7
071
021
CHAPTER 3
CHAPTER 8
075
031
CHAPTER 4
CHAPTER 9
082
039
CHAPTER 5
SOURCES
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INTRODUCTION
THE GOOD OLE DAYS... THE OLD COMUNITY
THE OTHER WORLD... THE INFORMATION AGE
DESENSITIZED... THE NEW COMMUNITY
SPORTS & TSUNAMIS
ALL WIPED OUT CASES IN POINT
SHELF LIFE
FULL CIRCLE
TIMELINE
9 Introduction
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INTRODUCTION Put aside your name, your politics, and your religion, and what’s left? Do you still
opportunity at basic education.
then causing you more stress.
In 2011 roughly 87% of the popula-
We’ll cover why that matters later.
tion 25 or older was a high school
But think of the domino effect here:
have a purpose? What about a will
graduate. Of that 87%, 40% had
technology spawns new inven-
to keep on, to work, and to coexist
earned Associate’s and or a Bach-
tions; new inventions consolidate
with people around you? Do you
elor’s Degree. With all of these
the work of seven people into your
even have ‘people’? Or are you an
educated people running around
one person position; your boss has
island unto yourself drifting in
one might think we could figure
to make budget cuts and downsiz-
this digital age consuming every
out how to retain the sense of com-
es your department; you take on
megabyte and pixel that comes
munity that was so unifying in the
additional work from the down-
your way? What is your passion, or
days before the digital age.
sized employees; your concern for
better yet, what gets you high?
We've become social escape artists
job security in this rough economy
No, I’m not talking about the spe-
in everything, dating, business,
pressures you to work longer
cial brownies your roommate used
even hanging out with our friends.
hours; you let loose by purchasing
to fix, but what is it that inspires
Is it the glorified new gadgets that
a new gadget you justify by the
and motivates you?
we so desperately attach ourselves
uses it has to support your work;
In America, and from what I
to that are sending our families, if
you sync the gadget with your
experienced living in Britain, we
not our, bodies into dysfunction?--
online community; your interac-
are living in an age where people
These days the workplace is
tions with the people in your life
have lost a sense of community,
full of the expectation that technol-
relegate to face to screen; the value
family, and overwhelmingly our
ogy will crunch the time spent on
and depth of your relationship can
purpose. In comparison to most of
certain tasks, then the implemen-
be tracked to social network activ-
the world we are quite well off in
tation of it results in technological
ity and text messaging. This cause
our standard of living, despite the
unemployment. Unemployment by
and effect changed the way you
decline seen in this recent reces-
consolidating multiple jobs into a
function on a daily basis and the
sion our economy is still crawling
single position. The very thing that
tools to ease the stresses of work
out of. Nearly everyone has an
is meant to ease the workload is
have bound your social capabilities.
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1 Introduction
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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Introduction
It takes a significant emot-
is it that we only put aside those
ional event for you to connect with
gadgets and engage others in our
other people in a meaningful way
community when a major event,
that empowers your human spirit,
or disaster takes place?
because the life you lead is now
We’ve all heard that rule of
suppressed by digital interactions.
thumb that “knowledge is power”,
The zombie effect caused by tech-
and we all want to live in a better
nology has created an absent pres-
place right? By knowing how we
ence of its users. We walk down the
reached to this state and realizing
street and instead of speaking
that interdependency can restore
to one another the phone is out,
our faith in each other as well as
and ‘liking’ photos on Facebook.
the community we can strengthen
At a distance it one might say
our resolve as a species to stand
they’ve been so busy and couldn’t
united even when there is not a
call, but a glance at their social
crisis at hand. We just need to keep
networking page tells a different
this one thing in mind…can too
tale. At this point an innocent fib
much of a good thing can be bad?
becomes a seedling for strained relations and mistrust. So, why
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1 Introduction
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THE GOOD OLD DAYS
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THE OLD COMMUNITY
Like it or not, you are part of a community. For the sake of
Community |kə’myoonitē| n ( pl. communities )|
argument, personal experience, first
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hand accounts, cultural diversity, and a condensed history, we will
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skew the perspective of empirical evidence to that of North America and the United States particularly. 22
Okay class…lets begin. What is a community? A Community is defined as…
1 a group of people living in the same place or having a parti-
The Good Ole Days...The Old Community
1
cular characteristic in common.
2 a feeling of fellowship with others, as a result of sharing common attitudes, interests, and goals.
3 Ecology a group of interdependent organisms of different species growing or living together in a specified habitat.
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Growing up about the time
for the Matrix trilogy movies as
that technology was being intro-
it was all black with green charac-
duced to public schools in the way
ters. It was a year or two later that
of computerized library systems,
Spring Woods Elementary School
typing class, and laser disc players
in Woodbridge, VA revamped their
(remember those gigantic discs
computer lab with Apple II desktop
that looked like a cross between
computers. Having learned on
a DVD and an LP?), there was an
PC’s I was so excited to see what
expectancy to teach students how
my tech savvy Uncle David had
to be computer literate, or rather,
been raving about on family visits.
technologically literate.
The only thing we used the Apple
Fortunate enough to have been
II’s for was playing a few eight-bit
raised by a techie pilot who stocked
games and word processing, which
our house with the latest dot-ma-
was boring to a third grader. The
trix printer, computer games, and
games were fairly entertaining, but
floppy disks I had a good handle on
there was only a selection of three
the usability of a home computer
or so, most fam-
by age six. At that point the only
ously The Oregon Trail (I always
“laptop” I’d ever seen was the mon-
died of a broken leg or diphtheria),
strous IBM that my dad propped up
Frogger, or Chess. While these
on his lap to accomplish little more
computers only contained maybe
than word processing. It was like
one MB of RAM for each comput-
a two-foot by two-foot green and
er, it’s now very apparent that the
almond colored box with a full size
concept of learning how to interact
keyboard and integrated six-inch
with a machine would only become
by six-inch screen. That screen by
more of a necessary evil. Now we
the way had to be the inspiration
carry portable USB drives that
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machines and with the help of
ironic thing was that the teachers
only dreamed of having. From the
the Internet formed a new online
were teaching us about traditional
first lab computers, to the current
community. The online communi-
communities through games such
standard of every person owning
ty exponentially increased into a
as The Oregon Trail. All anyone in
a laptop, smartphone, and using
sizeable population congregating
the masses really knew about was
a terminal at work as well, we
in an invisible realm.
the urban, suburban and rural com-
have resorted to storing much of
  Looking back on the times
munity types. Little did we know
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bulky lab computers at that time
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I spent in the computer lab, the
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our life and information on these
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dwarf the storage capacity the
The Good Ole Days...The Old Community
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ten years later Facebook would be
and buying a stamp only to get
handwritten letter?
started out of a dorm room, and
the message delivered a thousand
Think of the handwritten
chat rooms as well as discussion
times slower. But while email is a
form of correspondence the poster
boards would be tearing down the
regular activity, many of us sort
child of the old community. Here’s
miles of distance between people.
through junk mail and bothersome
a bit of background, on where I’m
It was a great revelation to think
forwards on a daily basis, while the
coming from. Born in 1957, my Dad
that by using this box with a
convenience factor seems to nose
was raised in an Army Family with
screen, I could type out a message
its way even further into our lives.
a Chaplin father (who hoarded
and electronically mail it to family
So what about the value of dig-
the latest technologies for com-
members across the country as
ital communication such as email,
puters) and a very intelligent and
opposed to handwriting a letter
text, or an instant message over a
artistic mother who graduated
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because you may never see
when I was seven.
din–Baylor in Texas. He graduated
them again. Another might be
It was a week after my
from Southwest Texas State with
because my mother’s family valued
birthday and my mom came in to
an Undergraduate in Computer
the unit of family and community.
where I was doing my homework
Science and Mathematics Minor in
It’s like that pioneer spirit the early
and asked, “Have you finished
1979? and began a 22-year career
settlers had to survive physically,
writing your thank you notes yet?”
in the US Air Force as a Pilot.
economically, and socially.
Knowing full well I hadn’t touched
As for my Mom she was born in
Nonetheless, it was inspired in me
a single one I replied, “almost”.
1963 and raised in Chandler , AZ,
as a small child that I could do any-
Another week passed by before she
the daughter of a Police Officer
thing but in doing so I needed to
asked again, but this time there
and a schoolteacher. After her
obey the rules, use my talents, and
was an ultimatum. “Rachel Elise!
family went through some devas-
value people because you never
If you don’t write your thank you
tating changes she worked her way
know who you will cross paths with
notes every one of your birthday
through high school and earn a
in the future. In all the small things
presents will get mailed back to
scholarship to Grand Canyon
my mother would always find a
the people who sent them.
University where she met my fa-
lesson or a principle to instill in my
You don’t want people to think
ther and became a teacher herself.
brother and I. Like the time PJ,
you’re ungrateful.” I knew the
They married on the first day of
my younger brother, and I were
expectation, and finally complied.
spring in 1982, and two years later
playing and the neighborhood
Mostly for fear that I would disap-
I was born.
bully tied him to a tree. PJ’s best
point the people I loved, not losing
Maybe it was the fact that my
friend found me and after I untied
the gift. To this day I continue to
parents grew up in an era when
him and we got home our mom
hand write not just thank you notes,
it was common to go a long time
made it clear, “This is why you
but post cards and letters, even the
without seeing each other, causing
take care of your family. You never
occasional unconventional postal
them to appreciate the precious
know when you will need your
approved item. The beauty behind
time spent with people. In the
sister. So you kids need to be nice
this is the knowledge that when
military however, this was often
to each other.” Another time was
you receive a handwritten letter,
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from The University of Mary Har-
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you know that the sender took time
necting with people. As an adult
analog messages were sent among
out of their day and life to create
I have many friends who were
people until the acknowledge-
something that has more intrinsic
never taught this as children, and
ments started pouring in.
value than the social norm of sim-
while most of our friends resort to
Honestly I think it’s very sad.
ply sending an email. It’s as though
connecting over social networking
People need to be needed and
that letter says, you are worth more
sites, I always get a phone call or
in the case of a child they don’t
to me than a quick canned email.
a reciprocal letter when they open
know what they need or what will
They say it takes a village to
their carefully written card from
be needed as a skill. Those that
raise a child, but so many people
me. Employers I’ve interviewed
still operate in these somewhat
don’t really get the concept of what
with, though I may not have been
old-fashioned forms of communi-
that means because we look for
hired, have later contacted me to
cation ought to be passing on the
quick facts to make statements on
express their appreciation as well.
values not just the technical skills
the right and wrong ways of doing
I never really understood how few
of the act.
things. Often neglected are the undocumented values and positive reinforcements that personal connections between people of any age have. In the case of the thank you notes, it became clear to me that a heartfelt thank you was more appreciated than just the act of writing “thank you” and my name. The recipients of the cards would always go out of their way to let not just our family but mutual friends know how great it was that we had been taught this dying art of con-
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The value those people had in my upbringing was more hands-on
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than in that of my peers that accompanied me to school or church.
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Inherently they felt that I was willing to make more of an effort than the other kids and some even
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used the term “she’s not like the other kids”. I do not attribute that
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to my own decisions but rather the reasons I made the decisions I did…
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as a bi-product of the lessons I was taught. fewer and fewer across the latest generations of youth. The younger generations of today are ego-centric and think they have the power to command their own futures while also demanding everything. Consider the age they have been raised in though. They have instant everything at their fingertips. The world is more of a dangerous place so parents are a bit more skeptical of even the neighbors, and their technological literacy in
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These lessons are becoming
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many ways surpasses their parents
taken away the desire and need for
and Knoxville. In no uncertain
abilities. Kids are “Googling”
kids to look to adults, and more
terms I have heard a number of
every-thing from sex, to instruc-
importantly a mentor and their
them honestly admit that they wish
tions on how to build a pipe bomb.
parents for answers to their ques-
more young adults would come
They can find the answers for
tions? There are so many missed
hang out with them. When I asked
virtually anything and are keen on
opportunities to invest in the lives
why, the answer always remained
hiding their motives and intents
of others, particularly kids, and
the same. They wanted to talk with
for fear of condemnation.
the moments for a grandfather to
us about things they couldn’t share
Possibly even the mere thrill of
share a lesson or even just bonding
with their parents, and to hang
getting away with breaking the
time with his grandson may be one
out with people they wanted to be
rules in genereal. It astonishes me
weekend a year. No matter how
like or that their parents would
how many parents blindly trust
seldom each opportunity counts.
approve of. My motivation for
their kids. How many times do you
Five years ago I wouldn’t have
making myself available to these
hear in the media the parents of
agreed, but since then I’ve spent
kids was partly due to wanting
child murderers say they couldn’t
countless hours volunteering with
to offer them a younger role model
believe their kid would do that?
kids from K-12/college age in var-
that was educated. Though I was
The availability of information has
ious organizations in Kansas City
fortunate enough to come from a
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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 22 1 the unnoticed kids a chance to feel
was younger I didn’t have someone
seen and heard. The other side of it
in my life that was well educated,
for me was to have an accountabil-
put toge-ther, and interested in
ity factor in my life. You would be
hanging out with me. This made
amazed at what you’ll think twice
me feel even more like the awk-
about doing or saying if you know
ward ugly duckling than my peers
there are people looking up to you.
who connected with someone, so
Let me say that again, not watch-
I guess this was a way for me give
ing you…looking up to you.
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loving and stable family, when I
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ior was addressed by a frustrated
respect through an emotionless
is not centric around me, personal
salesperson to their client and if
text message. If you turn back time
decisions ultimately affect more
they got a response at all it was a
that situation would have gone
than the decision maker.
simple text message, “sorry, wish
very differently prior to the Internet
This brings me to my next
we could have done a deal. I bought
and cellular phone. Body language
point: Personal Responsibility.
it already.” In a situation like this it
would have narrated the words
As mentioned before we have be-
is both the customer and salesper-
spoken, and emotional connections
come escape artists, socially
son that lost out. The salesperson
would have been made between the
speaking that is. We resort to the
compromised their time and gave
staff and the client. The original
black and white typed characters,
into the demands of the customer,
reason the client sought out the
the latest acronyms, and emoticons
who was all about their own well-
store was due to a need or at least
to organize a night out with friends
being by the way, and didn’t get the
a suspected need, so the trip to
and break up with dates alike.
opportunity to show great cust-
the store was more informational
Unfortunately in the professional
omer service and sell the value of
than recreational. The client likely
world it becomes just the same.
being cared for, not just getting
would’ve bought a product and
I was in sales for over two years and
what they think is a “good” deal.
continued to befriend the salesper-
my colleagues and I all witnessed
The customer lost out on making
son as a member of the community,
first hand the lack of face time
a friend in the industry whom they
rather than a vehicle for putting
we got with customers as a result of
could come back to with other
the product in their hands, and
the Internet and text messaging.
concerns and needs, not to mention
pending a good experience would
Customers would constantly expect
when a person allows their needs
return for future products as well
us to neglect our in-store clients to
to be sold to it often satisfies what
as services.
work a deal out with them over text
they didn’t know was a void.
Go to the mall or a car dealer-
message or email, then call another
At the end of the day though the
ship (sit near both sales and service
store (often our sister store) and
customer never fessed up to their
areas), and simply watch people.
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trouble, and have realized that life
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forfeiting their dignity as well as
22
better deal. A few times the behav-
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been easy, but it’s kept me out of
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dishonorable dealings and lied,
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then attempt to play them for a
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I know that accountability has not
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They are for the most part walking
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with eyeballs virtually glued to the device in hand, talking excessively
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loud on a Bluetooth headset, or watching a television. There are the rare few who carry a book with 3
them, but how many people are actually have a conversation or
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interaction with someone sans the electronics? Not many. Aside from
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that how many are using the devices as distractions so they don’t
The Good Ole Days...The Old Community
have to emotionally engage with anyone? Like the boyfriend or husband who’s been dragged out shopping, or the teen who’s mom is trying to buy her some new clothes. There isn’t accountability there by the peers, parents, or even kids to consider the effect their behavior is having on those around them. We’ve all felt it, and we have all been guilty of it. It’s like you’re meant to serve and be kind to that person while they act as though you are a hindrance to their technological activities.
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"not my will but thine be done."
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the use of technology that lead to
and the list goes on. You feel as
distractions greed and inequality.
though everyone is concerned with
With a plain style of dress, straw
only their selfish priorities and you
hats, suspenders, and buggies, it is
don’t matter to them in the least,
not difficult to see why so many of
even as a human.
us perceive the Amish as having a
Take a look at some current
hatred of technology. In reality, the
societies and communities that
Amish don’t despise technology.
sustain without digital technology.
They actually have incorporated
The unity between families, even
many technologies into their
people who do not see eye to eye,
culture. There are however, other
is far beyond that of us engulfed in
forms of technology that have
gadgets and devices that connect
been rejected completely or used
us to an online community.
within certain limitations as a
Look around you. There are so
result of deep religious beliefs and
many labor saving devises we and
the rules that guide and maintain
yet so many people complain of
their distinct culture. The Amish
not having enough time to
prefer a culture established on a
do things. Maybe all these modern
community of the faithful.
technological items waste more
Families tend to congregate in
of our time than they save?
small communities, and typically
Their view of technology and
the most important factor of
technological change is very mis-
Amish life is Gelassenheit, or
understood by modern society.
submission to the will of God.
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around those not paying attention,
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ties you’d find a clear aversion to
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service people trying to work
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ideology of the Amish communi-
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salespeople with their customers,
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If you peer into the lives and
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Teachers’ deal with it in school,
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Gelassenheit is based primarily on
As seen in the symbols of Gelassenheit, the Amish believe that using
Jesus' words, "not my will but thine
lanterns and the buggies typifies their lifestyle of simplicity and modesty.
be done." I bring this up to clarify
Personality: reserved, modest, calm, quiet
where the Amish root their beliefs
Values: submission, obedience, humility, simplicity
and why they made the decisions
Symbols: dress, horse, carriage, lantern
to handle technology in this fash-
Structure: small, informal, local, decentralized
ion. The Amish feel that Gelassen-
Ritual: baptism, confession, ordination, foot washing
heit should permeate every facet of
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their existence, and even be apparent in their material possessions. use modern technologies.
The Good Ole Days...The Old Community
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Consequently, they only selectively
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heit and the will of God above all
phone, send emails, or communi-
promote vanity, and electricity pro-
else. The point is, even though
cate with anyone online or via text
motes the use of household items,
this is a drastic example of taking
you are a part of a digital and or
such as the television, that allow
technology away, if you look at the
online community. The trick is
the outside, "English," values of
unity and accountability the Amish
keeping that use limited to basic
slothfulness, luxury, and vanity to
live within they don’t have the eff-
needs, and to consciously reach
infiltrate the their lives. They are
ects of the technological trials we
out to others without those
masters of selective technology
face everyday, and are ultimately
distractions. Showing people that
practice. The Amish have a unique
more contented. Yes we hear about
you care enough to pay attention,
and interesting way of dealing with
the few Amish that have left the
and acknowledging that the world
the effect that technology has on
order, but what doesn’t often
doesn’t revolve around you and
their society. They view technology
spread is the multitudes that leave
your iPhone.
as something that comes second to
to immerse themselves in the indul-
religion and cultural identity.
gences of the “English” ways and
If a new technology weakens either
return to the Amish community for
of these two key components, they
its stability as well as values.
reject it. One view states that
Aside from the religious con-
humans are taught to think and act
text of the Amish community the
like machines, while conversely
values embedded in their way of
another sees a world where,
life are an ideal that seems to have
instead of using machines to meet
evaporated out of todays culture.
our ends, we are used to meet the
Adults are derelict of their duties
ends of the machine; we become
to guide the younger generation
second to the technology.
with conviction and standards,
The Amish have avoided the grim
while the youth are disrespectfully
realities we have surrounded
selfish and arrogant without regard
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become a status symbol and
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for others. If you own a smart-
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ourselves in by placing Gelassen-
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They worry that the car will
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THE OTHER WORLD
The Other World...The Information Age
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THE INFORMATION AGE
In a developed society there
mismanaged businesses that never
It is important to appreciate what
are benchmarks that create cul-
gained traction. These are the
has influenced our technological
tural change and in turn progress
unsung heroes instrumental in
state to this point and grasp the
the current state either forward or
creating accouterments used by
reaches of seemingly generic items
back in any number of ways.
others in developing groundbreak-
in our daily routines.
Considering the agrarian society
ing solutions to problems.
to be the point of origin, there has
The proverbial “tools” by which
been a crossover from the agricul-
great innovations are rooted.
tural age into the industrial, and
Andrew Blauvelt discusses
now into the service and informa-
how tools have improved how we
tion age. The birth of this other
work. Specifically to designers he
world, as we call it, stems from a
references Jonathan Puckey in
number of sociological changes
questioning the value of the com-
that for the most part were spurned
puter in their work and the role
by the invention of new tools, ideas,
that other tools play in our lives.
or services. These inventions created changes in the way things had traditionally been done, and a movement ensued. We see it time and time again over the ages and across nationalities but the technological advancements often incite change that has staying power and does not remain as an isolated event in history. Often overlooked are the small inventions, the mediocre ideas, and the genius behind
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companies, we need to reclaim the personal relationship we used to have with our tools. We must learn to create tools ourselves. After all, the computer is exactly that: a tool for
3
creating tools.”
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We need to reintroduce interesting points of friction in our highly optimized software.
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“Instead of collectively agreeing to the same streamlined tools sold to us by large software
- Jonathan P uckey
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things, when you consider it there
have in the way of resources.
everyman’s standard one might
is an infinite supply of “tools” at
This purposeful progression
say a hammer or screwdriver, but
our disposal. The analog, the digi-
should be inherent in our design
in this digital age many appreciate
tal, and lest we forget, the tools our
process. The notion that we should
the computer as a tool, yet negate
mind (a tool in its own right) can
shoot for the crazy idea, then figure
the value of software and process-
conjure up. When Puckey asserts
out how to get there. In this case
ing systems as a tool. Thanks to
that “we need to reintroduce inter-
the concept itself is a tool used to
this rabbit hole of technology and
esting points of friction in our
foster the generation of new tools.
information it could be stated that
highly optimized software.” and
As for Software, it’s more user
a “tool” is any means by which a
“…learn to create tools ourselves.”
friendly and accessible now, which
concept, product, or idea is crafted,
He means that it's a designer’s mis-
has diversified the number of
produced, or generated as a whole
sion to not only explore but also
colleagues in many fields not to
or in part. In the grand scheme of
further innovate what we already
mention the resources available.
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Tools…what is a tool? By the
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The Other World...The Information Age
Think of how many people
production being available to the
to do the daily duty of beating the
owned a camera in the late 1800’s.
masses, and the Internet making
chalkboard erasers outside.
Not that many outside of traveling
information readily available, there
When you go to school now it’s
photographers. Now when you
becomes more experimentation
expected that a kid will learn how
go to a high school football game
in a given field, often by amateurs.
to operate a computer and type
cameras are found everywhere,
This then creates an influx of
rather than pen an essay in perfect-
every parent has a digital camera
newly discovered information.
ly crafted cursive letters using an
and every student carries one on
This allows us the opportunity to
ink pen. Even the classroom is go-
their smartphone. Or better yet,
find a niche and use those special-
ing the way of the smartboard and
computers. In the early 1980’s
ties to push the boundaries of our
iPad and abandoning the
commercially the ad industry and
piece of the pie. This customiza-
archaic chalkboard. Funding is
software programmers primarily
tion when shared and explored is
constantly poured into keeping the
used computers. Flash forward to
how we have reached the advanced
technology up to par in affluent
2011 and not only does virtually
state of ‘tools’ to this point.
areas and the schools in lower so-
every household have a computer,
It doesn’t take creating a robot that
cio-economic areas are considered
but they chose the make and mod-
spray paints to incite progression;
behind the times as they kick it
el by committing to be a Mac or a
smaller innovations are just as
old school with the chalk board,
PC and defining the capabilities of
important to for growth.
pencil and paper.
the machine through customizing
The expanse of information
the hardware and selectively load-
and available tools has resulted in
ing software’s. You probably have
an expectation to work and pro-
a laptop that fits into a backpack,
duce in a way that reflects the sta-
and at some point have tried to
tus quo. I remember sitting in my
make a flyer or poster on it using
third grade computer class playing
print shop, clip art in word, or if
Oregon Trail while the dot matrix
you’re truly brazen, Photoshop.
printer buzzed in the background,
By these high-end modes of
and returning to our classroom
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While all of this may seem harmless at first glance the new way
5
of teaching is overloading both teachers and students with the
4
expectation that, well, you have these resources so you should be accomplishing far more than
3
you would without them. By that ideology the stress levels have
2
risen significantly among teachers, higher expectations without extra
1
support is dropping retention rates, students in affluent areas are prescription drug addiction, higher suicide rates, and more likely to be depressed. Where there are peripheral effects that may be negative, there are happy accidents that happen along the way as well, especially in the way of advertising. Through the evolution of technology the advertising community has leveraged the newest forms of communication at every turn. From the moveable type press to the photocopier,
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The Other World...The Information Age
becoming more likely to develop a
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The Other World...The Information Age
and the photograph to television,
until 1982 that Nike even ran a
few thousand marathoners and a
the goal of moving their work
television ad so the company’s
handful of exercise fanatics.
across these new mediums has
advertising exposure was relatively
They needed a change and a com-
been to reach the greatest number
limited to athlete endorsements
manding one at that. Thus the
of people possible. The increase
and print campaigns. In the late
“Just Do It” campaign was born.
in exposure and availability of
1970’s Reebok’s quick thinking to
Wieden+Kennedy’s $20
information creates more societal
design Aerobics shoes was swamp-
million “Just Do It’’ campaign
infiltration and facilitates more
ing Nike, and as the eighties rolled
launched in August 1988, but be-
change. Some times the expanse
around the fitness craze took off.
fore it reached the big screen there
of people a message reaches tran-
People were buying workout and
were skeptics behind the scenes
scends across a culture and creates
gym equipment for their homes at
that nearly killed it. Dan Wieden,
a movement.
record rates and while Reebok was
who penned those infamous words,
Take for example the sports
poised to command the market
claimed their hesitation at the time
phenomenon that is Nike. It wasn’t
Nike stood as the choice shoe of a
was “for fear that the `Just Do It’
“Just Do It”
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a lot of things that people might
later advertisements to the tagline
competitive level as well as for
think were unachievable.”
and logo. It’s amazing when you
people interested only in fitness.’’
After the campaign launched
think about the culture it created.
It couldn’t have been further from
people wrote letters to Nike saying
Nearly 80% of the shoes the com-
“Just Do It’’ had inspired them to
pany sells are not even used for the
leave their abusive husbands, ask
designed intent.
and the response was stunning.
their crush out, or even pursue he-
The point is, with out contrap-
Runner’s World publisher George
roic rescues from buildings on fire.
tions such as video camera’s and
Hirsch said, `... The Nike ‘Just Do
It gave more than just athletes a
computers the commercial would
It’ slogan gains new power for us
newly emboldened confidence and
never have been filmed, and if the
all. This is really advertising that
zeal for facing challenges head on.
television had never been invented
comes from the heart and goes
Nike’s success from that
there would not have been the
straight to the heart and the gut.’’
single campaign changed the way
opportunity of widespread expo-
In 1998, Nike U.S. advertising
they did business period. From the
sure to the populous. The message
director Chris Zimmerman said:
launch to the 1990’s their market
wouldn’t have been communicated
share jumped from 18% - 43% and
to so many at once, and the buzz
people realizing their self-potential
the not only that, the company
that started a movement among
and just being able through athlet-
name became synonymous with
societies across the world likely
ics to strive for goals and achieve
the tagline and even reduced their
would not have been anything
“It captures the whole sense of
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a nation eager for a challenge,
1
the truth. The camp-aign struck
2
would work for those at the
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The Other World...The Information Age
more than a punchy sound byte or
against Governor Mitt Romney.
showed Nixon with a slight lead
overlooked ad in a magazine.
Enthusiastic crowds attending
over Kennedy, but all that changed
If we put aside the emotional
both candidates’ speeches and the
in one short hour. Kennedy pre-
effects of what Nike generated
press is scrutinizing every move
pared extensively and rested well
through an advertising campaign
paying careful attention to the
before the debate, so he looked
and look to how technological
slightest oversights. But on
great on television—his handsome
innovations have altered our
Sept. 26, 1960, something changed
face enhanced by a deep tan.
perception, then the Presidential
political campaigning would never
Throughout the debate JFK’s
campaign of 1960 is a great study.
be the same: the two candidates
demeanor was calm and confident,
The 1960 campaign featured
participated in the first-ever tele-
and he seemed controlled and
Republican Richard M. Nixon (a
vised presidential debate. The way
presidential. He also had a knack
veteran politician and the incum-
we perceived information to this
for staring straight into the
bent V.P.) versus the Democrat
point had been thought to be the
television cameras when he gave
John F. Kennedy. Much of the
same if we heard it or saw it, but
his answers, giving viewers the
campaign was typical of what we
this unprecedented televised
impression he was talking directly
see today with incumbent
debate proved otherwise.
to them—unlike Nixon, who gave
President Barack Obama running
Going into the debate polls
his answers to the panel of
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Richard Nixon, on the other
To his credit Nixon was a solid
cation. A message didn’t have to
hand, was a complete mess by to-
debater and made his points well.
be transmitted and picked up by
day’s television standards. He had
In fact polls of people who listened
those within earshot of a radio with
recently been hospitalized for two
to the radio thought Nixon had
clear signal, it could be broad-
weeks due to an infected injury; he
won the debate. But the majority of
casted coast to coast and viewed
was pale, underweight and looked
those who watched the debate
by millions around the world.
very ill. To inflame the situation,
on television—and the audience
In Nixon’s case this is a great
Nixon didn’t grasp the intricacies
was tremendous, estimated at over
example of how a tool was misused
of this new political medium—
70 million viewers—were con-
and undervalued. In many ways
televised debates—and refused
vinced Kennedy had triumphed,
it’s also an exceptional illustration
any makeup. Consequently, the
simply because Kennedy appeared
of how people at a distance can
bright studio lights glared off
so confident and winning while
be connected. At that time move-
his face, his “five o’clock shadow”
Nixon looked both apprehensive
ments like women’s rights groups,
whiskers showed up starkly on
and sickly.
Native American protestors, the
viewers’ black-and-white television
The debates were a new forum
hippie counter culture, as well as
sets, and dripping perspiration
for television and expanded the
other societies and organizations
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The Other World...The Information Age
was visible.
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journalists asking the questions.
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The Other World...The Information Age
were employing this medium of
promoted his theory, that light-
technology to connect to people,
ning was electrical, through his
spread awareness, and raise sup-
experiment of flying a kite during
port for their causes. Televisions
lightning, and Thomas Alva Edison
were in most homes and 35mm
eventually produced a bulb that
cameras were commonly used, so
could glow for over 1500 hours
as the ease and understanding of
which was a significant improve-
the capabilities of these mediums
ment over Davy’s work. The light
increased so did the volume of
bulb however could not have
content and messages out there.
changed our lives without the in-
People’s minds and the airwaves
frastructure to be used in a wides-
were ripe for the picking.
pread capacity. Enter the generator.
Knowing how to use those
In 1831 Michael Faraday built
tools around us is quite important
a small generator that produced
but consider how innovations
electricity, but it wasn’t for another
and discoveries refine themselves
25 years that the employment of
to evolve into a refined form and
his invention took hold in the way
change how we live. In 600BC
of a viable system by which the
Thales of Miletus wrote about
masses could be affected. In that
discovering what we know as static
25 years power companies, wiring
electricity, in 1729 Stephen Gray
systems, and appliances, like the
taught the world how to conduct
light bulb, took hold in every level
electricity, and in 1809 Humphry
of developed society. From that
Davy invented the light bulb,
point on everything changed.
which uses electricity. Just to
Architecture, how we ate, how we
clarify, Benjamin Franklin did not
got to work, what hours we could
discover electricity, but rather
work, the availability and form
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They learn more by discovery and
and the venues in which we could.
experimentation rather than sit-
While this was certainly a pre-
ting in a traditional classroom and
cursor to the digital age we are in
being taught via oration.
now, there is no doubt that ground
Their reasoning is less deductive,
breaking and sociological chang-
or linear, and more lateral or
es will continue to infiltrate our
through judgments established by
lives…often without knowing we’ve
the experiments conducted.
assimilated into a new habit.
In action they are more willing
Some of the those habitual
to try new things instead of staying
changes are occurring in our
content with not knowing answers.
schools and taught through what
Obviously there are positive and
some might call “monkey see-
negative elements that could be
monkey do” or “osmosis”. I contest
dissected out of each, but the
that these 12-year-old kids running
important element here is to recog-
around with their smartphones
nize the change in behavior.
are savvier than the parents who purchased them by way of discovery, as well as trial and error. Of the population that are digitally and technologically capable, their literacy, learning, reasoning and actions have all been altered in some way by the medium. Instead of
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The Other World...The Information Age
tunities to relate to one another
1
gators across the digital mediums.
2
for society in terms of the oppor-
3
book, they are information navi-
4
went to bed. This was a major jump
5
resorting to text and images in a
6
of entertainment, even when we
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DESENSITIZED
Desensitized...The New Community
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2
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THE NEW COMMUNITY
You’re certainly not affected by the power technology
use social media on nearly a
and for what??? Nothing but a few
daily basis. Pew Research reported
bonus points, a pat on the back,
and media have over so many
with these facts that users repeat-
and maybe my initials on a
people, right? Oh, and your kids
edly described their experiences
mere scoreboard.
are a tale of the same story, right?
as “fun,” “great,” “interesting” and
Video game addiction is a
You need technology to survive
“convenient.” Not uncommon were
global phenomenon. But try telling
so it’s okay that your family uses
also the words, “astounding,” “ne-
the 3,000 third through eighth
it on occasion. Although, in this
cessity,” and “empowering.”
grade students, followed by an
new community framed by the
You’ve probably said or in the
international team of researchers,
digitization of virtually everything,
very least thought these very
that gaming leads to poorer grades
the ability to see or know how
same words. I’ll admit, when I look
in school and serious psycholog-
deep you have been pulled in the
something up on my iPhone it
ical problems, including depres-
undertow of media is exponentially
feels like I’m more in control of my
sion, anxiety, and social phobias.
more difficult. There are symptom-
future or my destiny. By control I
Kids will be the first to tell you
atic effects that have gone largely
mean, I’m not a pawn in someone
they don’t care. So where are the
unnoticed, or unlinked, as a result
else’s propaganda scheme since
adults in this situation?
of digital technology and social
I can pick and choose my own
Apparently they are doling out
media become viral in our culture.
reliable network of sources. As for
their hand me down smartphones
Most of the developed world
video gaming, I’ve found myself
to their kids like candy all while
has widespread access to technol-
intending to play a few Beatles
anxiously anticipating the next
ogy as for America in particular,
jams on Guitar Hero only to find
new gadget release. This is be-
90% of the population uses com-
hours later that I’m striving for a
tween giving us a play by play of
puterized gadgets. 58% of house-
perfect solo in my 19th attempt at
their daily routine on Facebook
holds have a gaming console, and
the same song. By then I feel like
or Twitter.
24% have two. Of kids 13 – 17 years
maybe this will be it and I’ll nail
Dr. Douglas Gentile, an asso-
old, 58% have a smartphone. As for
the solo so I can be done, but there
ciate professor of psychology
the Adults in America 65% of them
is always the draw to keep going...
at Iowa State University, and five
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90% have computerized gadgets 58% of households have a gaming console... 24% have two
58% ofhave13 –smartphones 17 years olds 65% Adultsmedia use social daily 0 3 2
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Desensitized...The New Community
researchers from Singapore and
behavior between 2007 and 2009.
equally as true for adults.
Hong Kong published the indica-
The measures taken included
Researchers connect the dots
tive data in Pediatrics, the journal
weekly amount of game play,
by saying the risk factors and
of the American Academy of
impulsivity, social competence,
behaviors could set the stage for
Pediatrics. Gentile and colleagues
depression, social phobia, anxiety
long-term mental illness.
found that more hours spent gam-
and school performance.
By enabling this behavior we are
ing, coupled with lower social com-
Gentile asserts that "Greater
essentially creating a more dys-
petence and impulsivity were risk
amounts of gaming, lower social
functional generation for
factors for becoming pathological
competence, and greater impul-
the future. They go on to say
gamers also known as an addict.
sivity seemed to act as risk factors
that pathological gaming is not
Based on that definition though
for becoming pathological gamers,
a "phase." Those with a problem
it sounds like most middle school
whereas depression, anxiety, social
still had a problem two years later.
boys, which in turn would explain
phobias, and lower school perfor-
That's a lot of time in front of a
the exponentially increasing num-
mance seemed to act as outcomes
screen -- and a lot of time for build-
ber of youth that are addicted to
of pathological gaming."
ing social skills (and everything
the competitive aspect of gaming
While hard-core gamers
else) completely lost.
on a console, tablet, or phone, even
made up about 9% of the children,
Look at the people around
texting constantly.
the study said, roughly the same
you, or at least the commercials
For their two-year longitu-
percent as those in other countries.
promoting video games. One study
dinal study, they recruited 3,034
Slumping grades, poorer relation-
showed of working adults 25%
elementary and secondary school
ships with parents and growing in-
either called in sick or took time off
children, and using standards
terest in more violent games were
from work to play Modern Warfare
similar to those established by the
common too. This is a clear indica-
3 when it was released. Of those,
American Psychiatric Association
tion that it is a global problem and
59% took a day off to play the game,
for diagnosing gambling addiction,
not specific to people in America.
14% took two days off, and 17% took
they trained the classroom teach-
Keep in mind this study may be
a week off.
ers to survey video game play and
concentrating on kids, but it is
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downloaded every version of
esting to see how many people will
Angry Birds, Animal Farm, and
skip class, call in sick to work, and
Words with Friends. If you have an
inevitably forget to vote because
App Store account your likely one
they’re jonesing for the rush
of us. Ironically, we are treating
of playing a game rather than
these games like they are wonder-
contributing to society outside of
ful tools for kids and a babysitter
purchasing the game. It seems that
on the go, while we complain about
race is between Barack Obama,
the social inabilities of the youth
Mitt Romney, and Master Chief
of today. It is an infectious cycle
of Halo 4.
that sucks virtually all of us in.
This other world people delve
There are so many pretty new
into becomes controlling and while
devices out there with helpful
many scoff at the stereotypical
tools and applications to boot, but
Desensitized...The New Community
United States. It will be very inter-
1
are the throngs of us who have
2
Yes that is Election Day in the
3
Call of Duty hats, but overlooked
4
to launch on November 6 2012.
5
gamers in their Atari shirts and
6
Consider this, Halo 4 is scheduled
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Dr. Hart, a self-professing former
interaction with other humans
stay awake for long periods of time
adrenaline addict himself, has an
is handicapping us. Not only as
as in the cases of gaming addicts.
excellent book out entitled
individuals by reducing our ability
This "super" hormone has enabled
Thrilled to Death. He and others
to cope with stress and making us
people to literally lift cars off of
believe that we live in a time that
an island unto our selves, but while
people to save their lives whereas
easily lends itself to burning out
giving us more independence
under normal circumstances they
the pleasure centers of the brain.
and freedom each device act as a
could not exercise such a feat.
We are constantly surrounded by
silent virus that takes over our
Adrenaline gives a heightened
high stimulation activities with the
adrenal system.
sense of well-being, and is linked to
advent of email, text messaging,
Adrenaline is the key factor
the "pleasure center" of our brain.
Internet (e.g. Internet gambling,
in driving us to do most things; it’s
It enables us to get angry or
viral videos), and video games to
the excitement we feel as a result
passionate during an argument,
name a few.
of this chemical being released in
conflict, or a cause. While I keep
Okay, lets get a little technical
our bodies. Athletes have a difficult
mentioning gaming as an instiga-
for a minute here…
time missing workouts because
tor, remember, the constant use of
Located on the outer layer of
of the mental health benefits of
electronic devices has quite a sim-
the adrenal glands is the adrenal
releasing that among other chemi-
ilar effect. While a boy might play
cortex. This section of the adrenal
cals. In the same way this also fuels
a video game hours on end, a girl
glands produces a group of hor-
the gamers addiction.
is incessantly texting her friends
mones from which cortisol, which
Adrenaline is produced by the
about the guy she has a crush on or
is a steroid, is produced. Cortisol
adrenal glands, which are located
playing The Sims or Angry Birds.
helps fight inflammation, raises the
on top of the kidneys. These glands
Dr. Archibald Hart, a leading
blood sugar level, and increases
are triggered when our mind
expert in adrenaline addiction,
muscle tension among
experiences either excitement or
believes that the most dangerous
other things. The section of the
fear ("flight or fight" coping mecha-
drug today is excitement or the
adrenal glands called the adrenal
nism). Adrenaline has been proven
adrenaline that produces it.
medulla produces a group of
5
to make us stronger or enable us to
6
negating the value of face-to-face
4 3 2 1 Desensitized...The New Community
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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Desensitized...The New Community
hormones known as catechol-
social effects of gaming and media
amines, one of which is adrenaline.
addiction are not the brunt of it.
Adrenaline is known as the "feel
It’s ruining our ability to cope with
good" hormone.
relatively normal events in our
The problem we face though is
daily on goings. Too many people
this "feel good" hormone designed
laugh off or scoff at the very real
to alleviate stress on a short term
negative ramifications of
basis or for emergency situations is
adrenaline issues. Here are just
that too much of a good thing ends
a few of the more serious ones:
up being a bad thing. Adrenaline
cardiac disease, stroke, high blood
can increase our cholesterol level,
pressure, sleep deprivation, diabe-
blood pressure, and even cause a
tes, obesity, panic anxiety disorder,
heart attack from being too angry.
and major depression as well.
Like the angry boss in comedy
Did you know that the number
sketches who has a heart attack.
one mental health problem for
Adrenaline addiction is often
women in the U.S. is panic anxiety
relied upon to overcome boredom
disorder, of which cortisol
or stress. Often times when some-
is responsible. Dr. Hart? Did you
one experiences a drop in their
know that both panic anxiety disor-
adrenaline levels they will turn
der and major depression are both
to caffeine, which is a adrenaline
epidemic disorders? An interesting
stimulant. Hence, the
recent trend in depression is that
caffeine addict. Everyone has their
the age group for an onset of major
“thing” to cope, and the negative
depression use to be between
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everything that it can provide.
addiction are so common we can
We are making ourselves more
easily overlook the feelings of guilt
isolated than ever, and producing
when idle, which are indicative
new generations that are suffering
of workaholism. Post adrenaline
from the inability to cope with
depression, restlessness; pacing,
stress, anger, and the natural highs
nervous habits, an obsession over
and lows of life. No doubt we would
things that are left undone, and a
see fewer people on medications
strong compulsion to always be
if we focused on valuing a face-
doing something are key indica-
to-face conversation, engaging in
tors as well. And you thought the
more hands on projects with oth-
workaholic needed coffee just to
ers, or playing outside and getting
stay awake.
to know the neighbors. Don’t get
Adrenaline was never meant
me wrong, there are some fantastic
to be our master. Our bodies were
things that have happened in the
designed to regulate the flow at
way of technological innovations,
a manageable level that brings
but it is our duty to ourselves, our
health, vitality, and wholeness.
families, and the betterment of
The fact that these bodily changes,
society that we know when to just
and disorders are happening at
say “NO”.
such a widespread and exponential rate the flurry of new research
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Desensitized...The New Community
The symptoms of adrenaline
1
overindulgence of technology and
2
roughly 14 years old.
3
keeps pointing directly at the 4
40 to 45 years old. Now it is
9 8 Sports & Tsunamis
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SPORTS & TSUNAMIS Why does it take a crisis to unite us? Is it a generational
not desperation.
are out of power, my family might
Today is October 31, 2012. To
actually speak to each other.”
change from the old community
many in the Northeastern region
Learning from history is the best
way of life to the new? Or, are the
of the United States and even
way to avoid troubles down the
tech devices that we are inevitably
stretching into Canada it is the
road, but exploring the variables
fondling pulling the fibers of our
day after they lost everything. The
that technology brings to our daily
communities apart along with our
airwaves are buzzing with stories
lives can be quite revealing in the
individual sense of purpose?
of neighborhoods incinerated by
face of disaster. That New Jersey
Whatever the event, it seems
fire, and homes washed away. It is
family hit it right on point; without
hysteria is the virus that links or
the day after the most damaging
power, much less the luxurious
rather reconnects us, for better or
Hurricane in over 200 years. Hur-
resources such as cable and
for worse.
ricane Sandy, or what will likely be
Internet, it’s easy to be forced to
What exactly does a super-fan
called Superstorm Sandy. While
face the people you’re surrounded
at a bowl game have in common
this environmental catastrophe
by everyday and only then realize
with a kid orphaned by a devastat-
has been devastating for millions
how little you interact any more.
ing tornado? Hysteria. It’s the fe-
of people we’ll take a look at the
So many people are addicted to the
verish frenzy of panic and delirium
social interactions and the shelf
small excitements and highs that
found at sporting events across the
life of the outreach and unification
video games and reality television
world. It is the distressing feeling
of communities affected.
have to offer that it handicaps their
of alarm and helplessness that
Driving to campus here in
ability to function well with their
overwhelms the victims of tragedy
Knoxville, Tennessee I listened to
own families as well as the rest of
and disaster. This emotion that
the daily news recap that touched
their community.
sends otherwise normal people
relief efforts that are coming from
The first thing that comes to
into a whirlwind of odd behaviors
organizations as far south as the
mind for me is a college roommate
has become the social high many
Gulf Coast. An interview with
I had once that became more con-
of us seek out and is masked in the
a New Jersey family revealed a
nected to her reality TV shows and
semblance of fandom if
harsh truth. “Maybe now that we
soap operas than to reality we lived
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in everyday. While I would come
moment I realized she wouldn’t
home from studio and invited her
grasp the concept of why I was
to workout with me at the univer-
adamant to speak face to face.
sity rec center, or go grab shaved
Our other two roommates had
ice together she would always
been sitting silently by observing
decline an invitation that did not
this attempt of two people to
fit her television schedule. It was
communicate, in two very different
my intent to get her outside of her
ways, and both were phased in
comfort zone and help her connect
disbelief that she couldn’t see why
with all of the roommates on a per-
it was ridiculous to use the com-
sonal level, but she had centered
puter when I was within earshot.
so much of her world on techno-
Unfortunately this sort of thing
logical comforts that she became
happens all to often now and far
fearful when those comforts were
too few people admit or recognize
threatened in any way. So much
the inanity.
so that at one point, after she had
Why do we seek out relation-
convinced me to sign up for an
ships though? In my roommates
AOL instant messenger account,
case, most were online and on
she began to instant message me
Facebook, while the rest of
from across the room. It infuriat-
us found social outlets within our
ed her that I responded to her by
sorority, classes, organizations,
putting my account on busy and
intramural sports, and church. If in
would be happy to talk with her
the primitive and instinctive form
in person. Impetuously she contin-
it would be to find affirmation, and
ued to IM me, so I closed my com-
derive our purpose. That purpose
puter and walked over to see what
can vary quite broadly though.
was so important. It was at that
Maybe it’s the need too be needed,
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chat rooms, texting and other
orate the remaining local and im-
understand what our predicament
forms of digital communication
mediate relationships in our lives.
is, or to simply not be alone.
have been great ways to eliminate
Much of which can be blamed on
The motivation can be intrinsic or
the geographical barriers
the desire to do what’s easier and
extrinsic, but the result is clear, hu-
between people. The trouble with
simply type a well thought out
mans by a vast majority prefer not
that is the not easily quantified
message rather than get involved
being alone to living in solitude.
side effects that arise. One side
in a civil conversation in which
  The sad fact of the matter is
effect is that we are training
you do not have control over the
though we have transitioned the
ourselves to communicate without
improvisation of others. Nonethe-
vehicle for relationships (person-
relying on the powerful art of read-
less we seek out others who share
al or otherwise) from in person
ing social cues and body language.
common goals and interests in a
to online. Online dating, social
Without those skills it is easy to
behavior called herd mentality
networking, online gaming, email,
diminish the value of and deteri-
or behavior.
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or the desire to find others that
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While Herd behavior de-
judgment and opinion-forming.
such as the 1863 New York Draft
scribes how individuals in a
Obviously thelatter are clearly
Riots, or Race Riots of the 1960’s,
group might act together without
demonstrated online in the form
the herd type behavior can lead
planned direction. This term ref-
of blogs and social networks.
to the formation of mobs or large
erences the behavior of animals in
Those are more tame variations
groups of people with very
herds, flocks and schools. Human’s
on a theme, but philo-sophers and
destructive intentions. In addition,
have a propensity to conduct them-
psychologist both contend that it
during such instances, like those
selves in a similar fashion during
is the very same behavior that it
during natural disasters, behav-
activities such as stock market
found among crowds that gather
ior such as mass evacuation and
bubbles and crashes, street demon-
on behalf of a grievance, as well as
clearing the shelves of food and
strations, riots and general strikes,
at sporting events and other gath-
supplies is common. In many
sporting events, religious gather-
erings where there are deep
cases it’s not an emotion of panic,
ings, episodes of mob violence and
rooted sentiments.
but of jubilation in the absence of
every-day decision-making,
During times of mass panic
self-control. A great example of
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beat the University of Kansas
Kansas State University upset #4
the turf with thousands of other
Jayhawks in the NCAA Men’s
ranked University of Texas in Foot-
Wildcats. It made me feel alive, and
Basketball Championship.
ball, 42-44. Completely sober, un-
the whole town felt the pride and
Crushed KU fans filled the streets
like most of my fellow Wildcats in
invigoration of quite a notable win
of Lawrence, KS and rioted setting
the stu-dent section of the stadium,
that you were to mention discon-
cars on fire and tearing down a
the fourth quarter was nearly spent
tent with the behavior of those who
street sign named for the state
and I felt the pressure to rush the
fled the stands for the field your
of Kentucky. Or when monumental
field with the rest of my school.
position was quickly taken as one
upsets happen at football games
There was plenty of time to con-
who stood against and not with us.
resulting in fans rushing the field
sider the consequences should the
There was an immediate tension.
to tear down goal posts. I’ll admit,
police actually enforce the school
The herd behavior is a powerful
1
didn’t care and ran screaming onto
2
collected yet spirited fans the day
3
University of Kentucky Wildcats
4
policy on rushing the field, but I
5
I was one of those seemingly
6
that was this past March when the
Sports & Tsunamis
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thing and cannot be ignored as I
and telephone wire with half-inch
our town, since Seaton Hall was
learned first hand. I will never for-
sheets of ice hidden under gor-
still equipped with heat power
get that day, and the high of acting
geous crystallized snow powder.
and internet. So for a week I slept
crazy over a seemingly
In the distance you can hear the
in studio, showered in freezing
trivial matter. I bonded with those
near rhythm of tree branches
temperatures at my home, and
that I would blankly pass on my
snapping and tree trunks explod-
dressed at a neighbors home…all
daily walks to class, and for the
ing, in a fashion reminiscent of
while running a 4x4 taxi service for
remainder of my tenure in Manhat-
the summer thunder. We knew it
random pedestrians and homeless
tan there was a feeling of congeni-
would be a rough storm and it’s
people in town thanks to my
ality and fraternity among those of
understood that even if there is
Ford Explorer. After that week all
us who were at the Texas game.
two feet of snow on the ground the
of us felt as though we knew what
Oddly the same is true for
University would remain open, but
the pioneers who blazed the trails
those of us who weathered the
it was a surprise when trees started
across that region of the coun-
Midwest ice storm of 2007.
falling all over town, and K-State it-
try must have faced. There were
It seems like each time I meet
self came to a grinding halt. At the
injuries and deaths, but none could
someone from Oklahoma, Kansas,
time I lived in a large house with
compare to what would’ve been if
or Nebraska, if they lived or had
six other girls who all had family
the Red Cross and brigades of out
family in the region at this time,
to take refuge with when the big
of state electricians had not come
they ask if I was there during the
oak tree in the back yard snapped
to our rescue in the remote town of
harsh weather. It’s easy for some-
under the weight of the ice and
Manhattan, KS. Forever we will be
one to shake their head and admit
tore the power lines from
reminded of the desolation and de-
those must have been rough times,
the house. If not having family
struction ushered to us by Mother
but unless you lived through the
nearby wasn’t enough, my profes-
Nature, much in the way I imagine
10F nights without power. We were
sors were abundantly clear that
the survivors of Hurricane Sandy
beginning finals week when the
all architecture students were to
feel today. Although gratefully our
ice storm swept through the Flint
complete and turn in models for
account of rebuilding was not near-
Hills covering every blade of grass
finals regardless of the state of
ly on the same scale as the Sandy
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survivors are facing. Getting back to the fandom
5
of sporting events, this can also be attributed to “benign” herding by
4
associative decision-making. How many people do you know are Yankee’s Baseball fans but have
3
never been to New York? Or have a wardrobe full of collegiate gear for
2
a team whose campus they’ve never stepped foot upon? It happens
1
on a daily basis and at some moment in time we all are guilty than not, just to be seen as acceptable respectable or cool. Several historians believe that Adolf Hitler used herd behavior and crowd psychology to his advantage, by placing a group of German officers disguised as civilians within a crowd attending one of his speeches. The officers were meant to cheer and clap loudly for Hitler, causing the rest of the crowd to follow their example. This manipulation of the crowd made it
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Sports & Tsunamis
of this type of herding, more often
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appear that everyone there completely agreed with Hitler and
5
his views. To amplify the effect further, the speeches would then
4
be broadcast, increasing the herd behavior to those watching
3
and listening. While incredibly deceptive this was a clever way to play on the insecurities of people 2
and persuade them into doing or believing what they otherwise
1
might not.
Sports & Tsunamis
In many ways this is exactly what a record company does to promote artists, and what political campaigns do to rally support. Ever heard of Biebermania? The fanaticism over Justin Bieber, a teen pop singer, is what coined that phrase. Thanks to the middle-aged women, teen and tween girls, and the occasional gay guy that fawns over him screaming his name at concerts while outfitted in a bedazzled shirt with Justin’s face. During times of mass panic, the herd type behavior can lead
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The SuperBowl, March mad-
political responses, behavior such
ness, The World Cup, Black Friday,
as mass evacuation and clearing
movie premiers and victims of
store shelves of food and supplies
tragedy all have one thing in com-
is common. Looting being a very
mon, the hysteria that brings peo-
popular form of shelf clearing.
ple from all walks of life together.
You might have witnessed a milder
It is an elusive and transient
version of this mob-like mental-
phenomenon that fosters an envi-
ity if you’ve noticed individuals
ronment of communal interaction.
attempting to move faster than
Face time and ultimately bonding
normal, or the interactions be-
time with others that we seldom
tween people becoming increas-
get or can achieve outside of
ingly physical. People might have
these events.
Sports & Tsunamis
those during natural disasters and
1
ing for survival.
2
tive intentions. In instances, like
3
and act as though they are grasp-
4
groups of people with destruc-
5
honestly become mindless animals
6
to the formation of mobs or large
displayed a tendency towards mass or copied behavior and the alternative or less used exits are typically overlooked. In some cases fallen individuals serve as obstacles slowing the escape route or pathway. Doesn’t this sound like stories of Black Friday shoppers at Wal-Mart trampling a fellow shopper on their way to purchase electronics on sale? People quite
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CASES IN POINT
When a tragic event happens
5
to a group of people there becomes a bond among them that spurns
4
them to overlook their differences and band together. This chapter
3
takes a glance at ten separate events that are social/political or natural/environmental in nature.
2
At times the effects of an event are everlasting in the change inflicted
1
upon the area hit, people affected, and occasionally alter the way life
All Wiped Out...Cases in Point
will be lived in the future. From Genocide to Tornadic devastation over the ages the human spirit has cleaved to survival across a myriad of trials. We shift the turn of events in history when movements are spawned and people make a stand. The relevance of each case study is no more significant than other events in history that reshaped the way people behave, cities are built and rebuilt, or how governments are run. It is the details in history we’ve forgotten that shape where we are now.
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The Cyclone of 1896
The Dust Bowl
Hurricane Katrina
p. 51-52
p. 53-54
p. 55-56
66
2
7
1
5 4
The Battle of London
Joplin Tornado
p. 57-58
p. 59-60
2
5
3
4
1
7
8
The Holocaust
Haiti Earthquake
LA Race Riots
p. 61-62
p. 63-64
p. 65-66
9
10
Superstorm Sandy
The Great Depression
p. 66-67
p. 68-69
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{CYCLONE OF 1896} Location: St. Louis, MO, USA
4
Incident/Event: F4 Tornado Classification: Natural Environmental Coined Name: Cyclone of 1896 3
Year: May 27, 1896 Death Toll: 255
2
Displaced/Injured: 1000
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1
Estimated Losses: $3.8 Billion (2011 equivalent)
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1895
1896
Newport, RI First US Open Golf Tourney
St. Louis, MO F4 Tornado
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contributed to the element of destruction, and paralyzed the alarm system. This made it so city dwellers had to scale debris piles ten feet deep to rescue one another since emergency workers vehicles blockaded. For years the storied rescues were passed down to the coming generations of the neighborhood which gave tenants common ground amongst one another. Other Notes: Costliest and third deadliest tornado in U.S. history Tornado in U.S. history; Reports that seven steamers at the wharf on the East St. Louis side of the river were sunk with all on board.
1903
1904
Boston, MA First Baseball World Series is Played
New York City, NY Fire on Steamboat General Slocum
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Social Effects: Fires, downed wires releasing wild currents of electricity, and crushed buildings all
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{THE DUST BOWL} Location: Great Plains of the United States; affected East Coast cites and Atlantic Ocean
4
Incident/Event: Four year drought & winds storms worsened by industrialism Classification: Natural Environmental Coined Name: Dust Bowl; Dirty Thirties
3
Year: 1934 - 1936 Death Toll: 7,000
2
Displaced: 2,5000,000
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1
Estimated Losses: $1.9 Billion (2007 equivalent)
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1933
1934
Germany Adolf Hitler comes to power as Fuhrer
Midwest & East, USA The Dust Bowl
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Social Effects: Millions of acres of farmland were damaged, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to leave their homes; many of these families migrated to California and other states, where they found economic
3
conditions little better during the Great Depression than those they had left. The Books Grapes of Wrath, and Of Mice and Men were written about these people. Most of the pioneers in these regions were Christians and active
2
in their church within the local community. Rural communities in the plains to this day continue to function and support each other in the same way. The government began to educate farmers on soil conservation and anti-erosion techniques, to include crop rotation, strip farming, contour plowing, terracing, and other improved
1
farming practices. In coming generations those that rode out the Dust Bowl and Great Depression helped farming techniques. Other Notes: Deemed the most extreme natural event in 350 years. Deep plowing of the virgin topsoil of the Great Plains in the previous decades displaced the natural deep-rooted prairie grasses that kept the soil in place and trapped moisture during periods of drought and strong continental winds. Rapid mechanization of farm tools, especially small gasoline tractors and the harvester-combine were significant in the decisions to convert grassland to cultivated cropland. This phenomenon was caused by severe drought combined with farming methods that did not include crop rotation, fallow fields, cover crops or other techniques such as soil terracing and wind-breaking trees to prevent wind erosion. At one point the winds caused a dust storms to remove massive amounts of Great Plains dust, and storm clouds blew it all the way to Chicago, where it left 12 million pounds of dust. Two days later, the same storm reached cities in the east, such as Buffalo, Boston, Cleveland, New York City, and Washington, D.C. The Federal government formed a Drought Relief Service (DRS) as a result of drought related losses. Civilian Conservation Corps to plant a huge belt of more than 200 million trees from Canada to Abilene, Texas to break the wind, hold water in the soil, and hold the soil itself in place.
1934
1935
Berlin, Germany Josef Begun invents the first tape recorder
Richmond, VA First canned beer is made by Kruger Brewing Co.
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create some of the world’s foremost agricultural institutions with what they had learned through the using new
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{HURRICANE KATRINA} Location: Gulf Coast USA; Specifically New Orleans, LA, USA
4
Incident/Event: Category 3 Hurricane Classification: Natural Environmental Year: August 23-30, 2005 3
Death Toll: 1836 Displaced: 378,000
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1
2
Estimated Losses: $108 Billion (2005 equivalent)
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2005
2005
San Bruno, CA YouTube online viewing community is started
Gulf Coast, USA Hurricane Katrina
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abandoned the life they had in New Orleans and have created new lives among their place of refuge at the time of the storm. Often this is with family or friend that lived nearest yet out of the storms destructive reach. The Houston metropolitan area gained the most residents, at about 130,000 evacuees. Many people were separated from their family members, including young children separated from their parents and pets. Approximately 8000 pets were rescued, yet nearly 600,000 were left without shelter or killed. A coordinated effort by the American Red Cross, Microsoft, and the San Diego Supercomputer Center, combined many diverse databases and has been very effective in reconnecting children with their parents. This is seen as one of the largest migrations since the 1930’s Dust Bowl. The major engineering, and evacuation failures experienced incited a number of new laws to be passed in effort to prevent future oversights. Other Notes: This was the costliest natural disaster on record, as well as one of the five deadliest hurricanes, and the worst civil engineering disaster in the history of the United States. Seven years later debris is still found floating in the Gulf Coast.
2006
2007
Earth Pluto is redefined as a moon and no longer a planet
Blacksburg, VA Virginia Tech University has a rampage shooter who kills 32
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Social Effects: So many people and animals were displaced that now seven years later countless families have
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{BATTLE OF LONDON} Location: London, United Kingdom
4
Incident/Event: Nazi German aerial bombing of London at night Classification: Social Catastrophe Coined Name: Blitzkrieg of London; Battle of London
3
Year: September 7 1940 – November 14 1941 Death Toll: 43,000
2
Displaced: 1,500,000 (3,000,000 children evacuated)
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1
Estimated Losses: $xxx
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1941
1941
Konrad Zuse creates Z3, the first computer controlled by software
London, UK Germany begins Blitzkrieg on London
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ordinary Londoners in defense of their city. The people worked together doing their “bit for our boys”, while food and clothes were rationed, the children of London were sent into the countryside to get away from the bombings, men were brought out of retirement to join the Home Guard. While the children were away Women ran the factories and carried out many other tasks usually done by men. When Germany invaded Poland the “evacuation” began, a majority were schoolchildren, who had been sent away were labeled like pieces of luggage. The village or town, officers lined the children up against a wall or on a stage in the village hall, and invited people in to take their pick. This is where the phrase “I’ll take that one” became stuck in the memory of the evacuees. This seriously was humiliating and of course left an effect on them. Though the government thought there was enough housing in the country for the children but had miscalculated. For many people, it was a life-enhancing, mind-broadening experience, leaving them with new knowledge’s which they might of never learned, but due to overcrowding many children were abused and neglected.
1942
1943
Max Mueller designs the first turboprop engine
New York City, NY Oceanographer Jacque Cousteau invents the Aqualung
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Social Effects: London survived the endless nights of bombing by the mass mobilization of a million
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66
{JOPLIN TORNADO} Location: Joplin, MO, USA
4
Incident/Event: F5 Tornado Classification: Natural Environmental Year: May 22,2011; Digital Revolution (1990-present) 3
Death Toll: 161 Displaced: 17,000
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1
2
Estimated Losses: $2.8 Billion
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2009
2010
Rio de Janiero, Brazil City awarded host of 2016 Summer Olympics
Iceland Mt. Reykjavic Volcanoe Erupts
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rebuilt seven homes for affected survivors; NFL Kansas City Chiefs hosted a fundraiser for those affected by sponsoring a Joplin High School football game at Arrowhead Stadium; Several hundreds of volunteers from neighboring towns and Greater Kansas City sent supplies and volunteers to aid in the cleanup and rescues. Many people unacquainted with the town of Joplin took time off of work to recover help rebuild the community. Most residents despite major tragedies among their families decided to remain in the remote community and continue their lives. Very few displaced chose not to return to Joplin, yet those that left mostly opted to set up their new lives in Kansas City, St. Louis, or Oklahoma City. Other Notes: Deadliest single U.S. tornado since 1947; 7,000 houses destroyed.
2011
2012
Joplin, MO F5 Tornado
Planet Mars NASA's Rover Curiosity lands on Mars
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Social Effects: HGTV’s (Home and Garden Television Network) Extreme Home Makeover show
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6 HOLOCAUST}
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{THE
Location: Europe in WWII 4
Incident/Event: Genocide Classification: Social Catastrophe Coined Name: The Holocaust
3
Year: 1938-1945 Death Toll: 6,000,000
2
Displaced: 250,000
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1
Estimated Losses: $300+ Billion (adjusted 2011 value)
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1937
1938
New York, NY Chester F. Carlson invents the photocopier
St. Louis, MO The Nazi's begin extermination of non-Aryan races
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Social Effects: The population of Central Europe was been permanently changed. It now has many
fewer Jews and Gypsies, and the culture/civilization of the area is now less diverse than it otherwise Australia, and some to the United States. The relocation to the Jews to the homeland of their ancestors, Palestine, where the British controlled part of the land gave the UK great reason to give the land in their power over to this new settlement of refugees. That land became the statehood of Israel in 1948. The outpouring of refugees from Europe to the United States positioned it as the ‘melting pot’ of the world, and set the stage for a new diversity of innovation. Nazi pressures in Germany spurned contemporaries such as Elbert Einstein in Physics, Josef Albers in Art Education from the Bauhaus, or architects such as Walter Gropius and Mies Van De Rohe who shaped many of our cityscapes of to flee for America. Other Notes: Jews were first dispersed in 70 AD from Israel into the nations of the world; they retained
their identity as a people, culture and faith, unlike almost any other people on earth. This sense of a small cultural or community within other societies has lived on to this day and is quite prevalent in cities around the US and the world. The value of family, faith, and loyalty to customs and kin are high priorities in Jewish Culture.
1939
1939
USA Igor Sikorsky invents the first successful helicopter
Germany Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska invent the Electron Microscope
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would have been. Many refugees that escaped the grasp of Nazi Germany fled to Palestine, Britain,
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66
{HAITI EARTHQUAKE} Location: Léogâne, Haiti
4
Incident/Event: 7.0 Earthquake (52 Aftershocks), and local Tsunami Classification: Natural/Environmental Catastrophe Coined Name: Hatian Earthquake
3
Year: January 12, 2010 Death Toll: 316,000 (300,000 injured)
2
Displaced: 1,000,000
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1
Estimated Losses: $13 Billion
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2007
2008
Cupertino, CA Apple debuts the touch screen iPhone
London, UK Video Advertisements are allowed on the London Tube
9 8 7 66 5 4 3 2
Social Effects: Delays in aid distribution led to angry appeals from aid workers and survivors, and looting and sporadic violence were observed. Much of this was due to the shortages of potable water and food even before the quake hit. After the earthquake the corruption of governmnet officials stalled aid in a number of ways, not
of money on “soaring rents, board members’ needs, overpriced supplies and imported personnel”. The Miami Herald reports. “A lot of good work was done; the money clearly didn’t all get squandered,” but, “A lot just wasn’t responding to needs on the ground. Millions were spent on ad campaigns telling people to wash their hands. Telling them to wash their hands when there’s no water or soap is a slap in the face.” Very few building codes over the years produced a country built to be structurally vulnerable, especially if an earthquake were to hit. In the Aftermath researchers from The University of Arizona descended upon the country’s capital to study buildings that survived the quake, and after studying the buildings that survived the earthquake they are working to develop stricter building codes and design low-cost easily built structures. Buildings that were not built to withstand earthquakes were the primary cause of death in the disaster. Other Notes: one of the deadliest earthquakes of all time. Nearly three years later there are still aid workers in the region assisting with cleanup and restoration. The UN continues to support the government in logistics. In late October 2012, with over 370,000 still living in tent camps, a second tropical storm, Hurricane Sandy, killed 55 and left large portions of Haiti under water once again.
2010
2011
Léogâne, Haiti Earthquake in Haiti
California, US Lytro photography is invented by Ren Ng
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cized the reconstruction process saying that part of the problem is that charities spent a considerable amount
1
just financially, but even in stonewalling adoptions of many orphaned children. Watchdog groups have criti-
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{LA RACE RIOTS} Location: Los Angeles, CA, USA
4
Incident/Event: Rioting Classification: Social Catastrophe Coined Name: ’92 LA Race Riots; Rodney King Riots
3
Year: April 29-May 4, 1992 Death Toll: 53 (2000 injured)
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1
2
Estimated Losses: $1 Billion
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1990
1990
South Africa Nelson Mandela is freed after a 27year imprisonment
Lexington, MA The World Wide Web, Internet protocol (HTTP), language (HTML) created by Tim Berners-Lee
9 8 7 66 5 4 3 2 1 and riots started to break out the evening of the verdict’s reading and lasted for days. There were many retaliatory attacks, including on Reginald Denny, a white truck driver whose vicious beating was captured by a live news camera. To this day the value of video surveillance in police work as well as court cases have impacted law enforcement training significantly. Unfortunately due to these horriffic attacks and retaliations assocaited, the many of the minority communities involved continue to hold a double standard toward their caucasian counter parts. This is often seen in films and comedic skits that target their demographic of audience, and using distasteful humor referencing the riots in provocation of law enforcement officers. In turn this behavior has driven a psychological wedge of disparity and inequality in the minds of many minority groups creating a victim mindset. Other Notes: Rodney King, a black man on parole, led officers on a high-speed chase through Los Angeles before being caught and beaten. The beating was captured on the officers’ car cameras, and all four were charged with using excessive force. After a week’s deliberation, all four were acquitted of assault and three of the four acquitted of the excessive force charge.
1992
1995
Los Angeles, CA Rodney King beating incites race riots
Japan The first DVD is invented
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Social Effects: The verdict sent local black and Hispanic communities into a frenzy at the perceived injustice,
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{HURRICANE SANDY} Location: North Eastern United States
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Incident/Event: Category 1 Hurricane mixed with a Nor’easter Classification: Natural Environmental Coined Name: Superstorm Sandy
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Year: 2012 Death Toll: 113
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Displaced: 150,000
All Wiped Out...Cases in Point
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Estimated Losses: $60 Billion
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2009
2011
Washington DC, USA Barack Obama becomes the 44th President of the US, and first African American
New York City, NY Occupy Wall Street protests begin
9 8 7 66 5 4 3 2 seeking refuge in other parts of the country until power is at least restored. Unions control much of the labor in the NorthEast and have turned away electrical crews and aid from organizations and businesses as far south as Georgia because they were not Union organizations. This has not been well received by philanthropic organizations in the Southern region of the US. There is no recorded indication of a drop in financial aid and material donations as a result, but many crews have canceled plans to travel to the disaster hit areas. The Presidential election detracted attention from the storm devastation, and voting became fairly analog with paper ballots at many places throughout the states in disrepair. Gas stations have seen considerable trouble in getting tankers in to refuel stations causing people to wait in line for upwards of seven hours only to have the supply run out. Other Notes: The population density of New York City and the region made it difficult to move debris without organization, and resume transportation. People in New Jersey in particular were stranded for days without clean water, food, electricity, and heat as weather forcasters warned of more winter weather approaching. The US Air National Guard flew in massive loads of generators to help alleviate the power outtage situation and provide heat to inhabitants of a freezing climate.
2012
2012
Space / Roswell, NM Felix Baumgartner, 41 sets Space Jump Record
North East, USA Superstorm Sandy
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down for days only to reopen crippled has effected more than those in the region. Many people left their lives in
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Social Effects: The fact that the North earth, NYC in particular, is an economic powerhouse that was all but shut
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{THE GREAT DEPRESSION} Location: Began in New York City, USA; Worldwide effects
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Incident/Event: xxx Classification: Social Catastrophe Coined Name: The Great Depression
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Year: October 29, 1929 - End of WWII in 1945 Death Toll: mortality rate relatively unaffected
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Displaced: +12 Million
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Estimated Losses: Billions Worldwide
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1927
1927
Austria Eduard Haas III invents the PEZ candy and dispenser
Pensacola, FL Charles Lindbergh makes the first nonstop solo transatlantic flight
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Social Effects: Personal income, tax revenue, profits and prices dropped, while international trade plunged by more than 50%. Unemployment in the U.S. rose to 25%, and in some countries as high as 33%. Cities around the
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world were hit hard, especially those dependent on heavy industry. Construction came to a virtual stand still in most countries. Farming and rural areas suffered as crop prices fell by approximately 60% or more. The day
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after the crash happened suicides began to skyrocket; in one year 23,000 people committed suicide which is the highest ever recorded. Inflation, the lack of work, and a sever drought in the heartland left many homeless, starving, and looking
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for work anywhere. Consumer spending and investment were depressed because the crash took away the confidence people once held in banks and investments; people began to sit on their money. The lack of money and
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confidence in the population made it very difficult for the economy to rebound because new ventures couldn’t find investors.
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In 1931 President Herbert Hoover urged the major banks in the country to form the National Credit Corporation (NCC). By 1932, unemployment had reached 23%, and it peaked in early 1933 at 25% while businesses and Americans found themselves homeless, and began assembling in shanty towns - dubbed “Hoovervilles” - across the country. Many people became migrant workers and rationing was found everywhere creating a generation of hardworking Americans who were resilient and in the years after recovery were content on living with less. To this day many economic policies are in great debate that had been enacted in the 1930’s to aid the country in recovery, but in recent years since the housing crash in 2008, there have been efforts to curb a major disaster economically speaking by a number of governments. From tax breaks coupled with urges to “go shop”, to a highly controversial $800 Billion stimulus package that was targeted to keep big banks from failing, we are still facing uncertainties the depression brought. Other Notes: Originating in the U.S., after the fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929, and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday), The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression. The depression hit many nations, but in most countries it started in 1930 and lasted until the middle 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century.
1929
1931
New York City, NY Black Tuesday Stock Market Crash; start of The Great Depression
Spain Spain becomes a republic with the overthrow of King Alfonso XIII
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families defaulted on record numbers of loans, and more than 5,000 banks had failed. Hundreds of thousands of
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SHELF LIFE Natural and man-made
ing the destruction of Hurricane
years after the dust cleared.
disasters result in a tragic loss of
Sandy has waned considerably.
Now there is a different chain
life and cause extensive damage
No doubt the presidential elec-
of events that tends to transpire.
every year, as we have so clearly
tion played a hand in distracting
When disasters like the latest
seen in the northeastern
attention from the storms devas-
Super storm Sandy hit people are
United States last month alone.
tation, but while both candidates
emotionally impacted but for a
After a disaster strikes people
were aiming a fair share of their
much shorter period. Their desire
everywhere have a compulsion
limelight at restoration efforts
to help out and send relief comes
of compassion and a need to fix,
the media has moved on to other
in supply drives and what’s more
ultimately most of them seek out
stories and in turn so has the mind
common, online giving.
ways to help those in need. After
of the country.
Websites such as giveforward.
Hurricane Andrew hit Florida in
If you take into account the
com, fundly.com, or justgive.org
1992 and the Midwest suffered
case studies a unique change has
are online venues that provide
floods in 1993 citizens through-
happened over time. Before the In-
organizations with a further
out the nation mobilized to offer
ternet was invented information of
reach in fundraising for relief and
assistance to the victims of each
death tolls, displacement, and oth-
restoration efforts. Because of this
catastrophe. Often it’s a, hurry up
er losses were slow to be communi-
new form of involvement, not to
and do my part, get in and get,
cated and therefore people awaited
mention the philanthropic nature
out mentality. No matter the
the figures without anticipation of
of the American people, the post
catastrophe there is a shelf life that
immediate responses. This caused
disaster aid impact is much greater
this aid seems to fall within and
the emotional state of those
than in years past, however it’s also
as time goes on and technology
touched by the event or merely the
much shorter lived. Contributors
grows the impact grows more pow-
knowledge of it to live in a somber
feel compelled to do something,
erful yet shorter in lifespan.
and grounded state for a consider-
but now when they do most of it
Over the last two weeks it is
able amount of time following
is quick and online. Despite the
sadly already apparent that the
the event. Relief efforts would pour
hearts of these benefactors being
shelf life of national unity concern-
in for weeks, months, and even
in the right place, many neglect
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Shelf Life
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“No one wants to be forgotten.”
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to keep attention focused on the restoration efforts and needs
5
down the road. We all seem to get distracted by the flood of current
4
events, market records, football scores, and scandals that wash over our media outlets. More recently
3
the election pulled not just America’s but the world’s attention away
2
from the super storm’s destruction. How long a community em-
1
braces a newfound purpose, cause, or sense of unity, is not limited music festival or at college football game day, while infectious, is short lived outside of the tagged event photos online. In both instances, whether happy or tragedy, there is an undetermined shelf life to the camaraderie felt and communicated between us. It is our responsibility to consciously think about others and the greater good, not merely our own welfare, following these events. That is where relationships are cultivated and bonds beyond acquaintances are made. No one wants to be forgotten.
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Shelf Life
to tragedy. The synergy felt at a
9 Full Circle
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88
FULL CIRCLE Adam Smith, a Scottish
great technologies, and of course
or that the cost of the product or
moral philosopher and a pioneer
the slew of trade regulations and
service was at least justified.
of political economy, is no doubt
social problems these emerging
Who doesn’t want to feel like they
one of my favorite idealist figures
and adapting industries arrive with.
got an amazing deal?
in history. Aside from the fact that
Apple Inc. and Microsoft
As Adam Smith observed in
he is ‘Sco-ish’ gent hailing from the
Corporation dominate the personal
his Theory of Moral Sentiments,
region of my ancestors
computer frontier, while Google
“Riches leave a man always as
Adam Smith was quite influential
overshadows Bing for the search
much and sometimes more ex-
in the worldviews on classical
engine title, and PepsiCo. Contin-
posed than before to anxiety, to
economic theory. At that time
ues to give Coca-Cola Co. a run for
fear and to sorrow.” Even in the
economics were dominated by the
the top spot in their market.
late 1700’s when Smith wrote this
idea that a country’s wealth was
These are merely a handful of suc-
he couldn’t have imagined where
best measured by the gold and
cessful companies that have taken
modern day society would lead us
silver in its vaults. Smith submit-
Smith’s ideology of specialization
socially, but those three words are
ted that a nation’s wealth should
to the extreme and despite speed
indicative of the mindset of the
be judged not by metals value but
bumps have done it well. While the
masses today. Sorrowful, anxiety
by the total of its production and
exponential increase in the avail-
filled people fearful of what may
commerce—today known as gross
ability of information has given
come…fearful to the extreme.
national product (GDP). He also
more people resources to experi-
Whether the germaphobe who
explored theories of the division
ment and specialize economically
stows his hand sanitizer in every
of labor, an idea dating back to
that also results in the demand
crevice of his bleached car or the
Plato, through which specialization
from both customers and the mar-
mom who incessantly guards her
would lead to a qualitative increase
kets to provide a good or service
family from any contact with the
in productivity. By this we have
that accomplishes more than
digital world because she’s “seen
seen strides throughout history to
one thing. The function, providing
what’s out there”. A perfect exam-
do just that, specialize and conquer.
assurance that the consumer has
ple of this is comes to life every
Today we have new industries,
gotten a great bang for their buck,
time Apple releases any number
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“Riches leave a man always as much and sometimes more exposed than before to anxiety, to fear and to sorrow.�
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“It’s all the little things”
of new “i"-whatever devices. A guy
in the family it brings risks that
to do some recreational Googling
will plunder his riches (either in
outweigh the rewards. Mom can’t
on this newfound ‘porn pad’ before
cash or credit line) to buy the latest
seem to get the user to the table
conveniently clearing the
iPad for his gadget collection, and
for dinner, and Dad is irritated
search history. The anxiety that
upon bringing it into his house
because he bought it and can’t
this device created could have
his family becomes enthralled in
find his new toy. Sister is playing
been avoided by simply investing
experimenting with it’s
games and face timing her friends
in a memory with his family rather
newest technologies. By this de-
rather than doing homework, and
than an in the moment purchase.
vice floating from person to person
brother routinely sneaks off with it
Money may give us more freedom
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overall ease the pressures of life,
ing as an effect of digital and
at the start of every season:
but that means of obtaining such
design refinement?
1) exhaustive conditioning
material items does not limit
When we stop and analyze the
2) psychological motivation.
Smith’s observation to the ‘have’s’.
state of what is happening around
One season he decided our catch-
The have not’s will find a way to
us it’s clear people have lost touch
phrase would be “It’s all the little
get the same things by begging,
with each other, but I’d contend
things”. Planting that seed from
borrowing, and at times stealing
that we may be seeing a new age of
day one of tryouts was his initia-
so the socio-economic state of a
refinement because enough people
tive and at first, I admit, I thought
consumers affairs doesn’t exclude
are aware that the old community
it was really stupid. All I could
them from the same theory.
values are being lost and taken for
think is, we just need to be in great
There is no doubt some
granted. It’s one of those things
shape and learn how each other
wonderful and world-changing
like voting…one person only makes
plays the game, not focus on some
things have transpired because of
a difference if they are a part of a
statement. Within a month that
the technological advancements,
whole group. The key is uniting
phrase had new meaning.
innovations, and tools created over
those people to keep the purpose
Every time we lost a game he
time. For one thing, the catastro-
of their cause alive, and to also
would pull out the stat sheet
phes in recent decades have seen
inspire others. While the masses
and count missed free throws or
a faster cleanup and restorative
probably realize there is something
turnovers, and proceed to tell us
cycle mostly because of the im-
they miss about how communities
that these were the little things
mediate communication and flash
used to function, they likely are
that would’ve won us the game.
fundraising enabled by the Inter-
not mindful to the wee measures in
He was right. I started putting a
net and global communication.
their own lives they can change for
premium on practicing free throws,
However, as we move forward as
the greater good. The little things,
controlling passes and rebound-
a nation, and ultimately a global
that make a big difference, in the
ing from the inside, and not only
community, are we exponentially
grand design of life.
did my stats and playing ability
distancing ourselves from reality
I once had a basketball coach
dramatically improve, we were
in a way that cannot be reversed?
who was your ideologue sportsman
winning and interacting as a team.
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Or, is the old community rebound-
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to be exposed to new things, and
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“It’s all the little things” It wasn’t
5
easy to take the criticism, and most of us were great players that were
4
getting too big for our britches, but when all said and done everyone was happier and we were a 3
united team. We had all suffered together, and that right of passage
2
gained the respect of the school, other teams, as well as each other.
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A few girls quit; taking the easy way out, but like it has been said
Full Circle
over the generations, “With great risk, comes great reward.” Or better yet, “You will reap, what you sow”. If as a nation we banded together to bring about a re-enlightenment of face to face activities, and analog crafts, basically a re-emergence of the old community ways, I’m confident we will reap great things both now and for future generations. This would also guide the direction of impending product designs, and technological innovations. Supply and demand
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“Be the change you want to see in the world”.
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drives the marketplace and if we redefine what the demand is
5
through how we live our lives the supply will surely alter to appease.
4
When was the last time you met a new neighbor, or reached out to a co-worker you barely knew?
3
How did your kids fair in school today with the teachers, their work,
2
or bullies? Do you know the name of your mail carrier or trash guy?
1
Has someone tried to befriend you and you just skirted the efforts off were too busy? Remember, work is a part of life, life is not a part of work. What will you have stood for and did you take the time to influence others for the better? If you even get the opportunity to ask those questions at the end of your life, that is a rare thing. Mahatma Gandhi said it best, “Be the change you want to see in the world”.
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politely under the guise that you
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TIMELINE
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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0 8 3
9
1850 AD
1829 France Louis Braille invents braille printing for the blind
1800 AD
1836
1865
United States Samuel Colt invents the first revolver pistol
United States James Naismith invents the game of Basketball
United States Joseph NicĂŠphore NiĂŠpce was the first person to take a Photograph
United States W.A. Burt invents the typewriter
1837 Samuel Morse invents the telegraph
1865
1881
United States The Civil War Ends
Edward Leveaux patents the automatic player piano
1823 1810 United States Peter Durand Invents the Tin Can
Scotland Charles Mackintosh inventst the Mackintosh (raincoat)
1800
1824
Italy Count Allessandro Volta Invents the Battery
United Kingdom Joseph Aspdin patents Portland cement
1866
1844
1837 United States John Gorrie builds the first refridgerator
Manhattan, KS Kansas State Univ. First Land Grant University is established under President Lincoln.
Francis Pettit Smith invents the propeller
1800 AD
0 8 4
1856
John Walker invents modern matches
1840
1850 AD
1886 United States John Pemberton invents Coca Cola
1896
1877
1888
Detroit, MI First Bell Telephone is manufactured
Nikola Tesla invents the AC motor and transformer
United States Thomas Edison Invents the Phonograph
United States The Civil War Begins
France Louis Pasteur invents pasteurisation
United Kingdom John Herschel invents the blueprint
Lumiere Brothers invent a portable motion-picture camera, called the Cinematographe
1877
1861
Solymon Merrick patents the wrench
1895
Gottlieb Daimler builds the first four-wheeled motor vehicle
St. Louis, MO F4 Cyclone Hits The city of STL
1863
1835
1886
Alfred Nobel invents dynamite
United States John Gorrie builds the first refridgerator
1835 1827
1872 United States A.M. Ward issues the first mail-order catalog
1829
1810
1900 AD
1876 United States Alexander Graham Bell patents the telephone
1900 AD
1950 AD 1987
United States The artificial Heart is invented
9
1969
United States The first 3D video game is invented
1992 Los Angeles, CA Rodney King beating incites race riots
1934
1900 AD
1927 1919
1902 United States W. Carrier invents the Air Conditioner
C. Strite invents the Pop-Up Toaster
1910
1919
United States Thomas Edison Shows the First Motion Picture
The Arc Welder is invented
2000 AD
United States The Dust Bowl
1945
Pensacola, FL Charles Lindbergh makes the first nonstop solo transatlantic flight
1998
Worldwide WWII Ends
Menlo Park, CA Google is created
1945
1927 Austria Eduard Haas III invents the PEZ candy and dispenser
1931 Spain Spain becomes a republic with the overthrow of King Alfonso XIII
Worldwide WWII Ends
1940
1963
United Kingdom The Battle of London
United States The Cassette Tape recoder/player is cinvented
1972
1999
Sunnyvale, CA, Allan Alcorn designs arcade game pong
Israel The USB flash drive is created
1999 California Shawn Parker creates Napster
1995
1903
1913
1929
Mary Phelps Jacobs invented the Bra
New York City, NY Black Tuesday Stock Market Crash; start of The Great Depression
Ohio The Wright Brothers invented the first gassed manned aircraft
1953
1975
AT & T produces The first touch tone telephone
United States The first Laser Printer is invented
1990
Lexington, MA The World Wide Web, Internet protocol (HTTP), language (HTML) created by Tim Berners-Lee
1950 1918 Worldwide Flu Pandemic
United States The First Credit Card is invented
1990 South Africa Nelson Mandela is freed after a 27year imprisonment
1967 United States The first handheld Calculator is invented
1900 AD
Japan The first DVD is invented
1988
2000 AD
United States Doppler Radar is invented
1985 United States Microsoft produce Windows program
1950 AD
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2003
2020 AD
Santa Monica, CA R. Hoffman creates Linkedin
2010
Cupertino, CA J. Wales & L. Sanger create Wikimedia (Wikipedia)
2012
Cupertino, CA YOUTube video community is formed
Space / Roswell, NM Felix Baumgartner, 41 sets Space Jump Record
2012 North East, USA Superstorm Sandy
2008
2004
London, UK Video Advertisements are allowed on the London Tube
New Orleans, LA Hurricance Katrina
2007 2004
2000 AD
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3
2005
2
2001
4
Léogâne, Haiti Earthquake in Haiti
Boston, MA Facebook is created
1
2000 AD
Washington DC, USA Barack Obama becomes the 44th President of the US, and first African American
6
2009
2011 New York City, NY Occupy Wall Street protests begin
2011 California, US Lytro photography is invented by Ren Ng
Cupertino, CA Apple debuts the touch screen iPhone
2020 AD
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