TERM 3
Thursday, May 27, 2020
Vol. 15 No. 4
Name: School: Class:
18 9 771996 180090
1
THURSDAY, MAY 27, 2021.
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2. EASY THURSDAY, MAY 27, 2021.
Read the following passage carefully.
COMPREHENSION
Sea turtles are in danger of becoming extinct. These turtles face both natural threats and human-caused threats. Predators such as raccoons, birds, crabs and ants feed on the sea turtle’s eggs and their hatchlings. These threats are not the main reason why the sea turtle population has plummeted towards extinction. Humans consume the eggs and meat of these turtles. Sea turtles become entangled in the nets of fishermen. They also become entangled in marine debris which passengers throw overboard boats. Not only do they become entangled in this debris but they also eat the debris and die. Plastic bags, bottles, balloons and pellets are all deadly meals for sea turtles .Artificial lighting from houses and hotels that humans build along the beach discourages females from nesting and causes hatchlings to wander inland where they often die. The following questions are about the passage which you have just read. Write complete sentences in answer to these questions. Pay attention to your spelling and grammar.
1. Apart from man, name three animals that eat the eggs of the sea turtle. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. How do you think plastic and other debris got into the sea? _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 3. Based on information given in the passage, state a natural threat that affects the survival of sea turtles. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 4. Using the information given in the passage, name two things in which the sea turtle becomes entangled while in the sea. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ NATION WORKBOOK
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On the cover this week
St Jude’s Primary School children welcomed the opportunity to get outside and practise throwing at a target last week after spending so many school hours online or in lockdown. (Picture by Kenmore Bynoe.)
THURSDAY, MAY 27, 2021.
5. What do you think the word extinct (line 1) means? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What part of speech is the word human-caused as used in line 1 of the passage? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. According to the passage, what are two negative effects that artificial lighting has on sea turtles? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Which word in the passage is used to refer to matters relating to the sea? _____________________________________________________________________________________ Read the following passage carefully. Today when we speak of a house we think of structures made of wood, steel, stone, glass and concrete. In less developed countries people built houses with the materials found in their surroundings – wood, leaves, grass and mud.
People built their houses where they can survive and find some type of protection. Some people, long ago, built tree
houses and lived in them to be protected from wild animals. Others lived in houses built over water- in lakes or ponds. Some live in boats, junks, as they are called in China.
But would you like to live in a house on stilts? In the Philippine Islands, in the Pacific Ocean, many farmers build their
houses on stilts. The stilts are made from bamboo stalks or light wooden stems. The bamboo floor of the house rests on the stilts, about one or two metres above the ground. To get to the floor, you must use a ladder. At, night the ladder is pulled up so that strangers cannot get into the house. Perhaps you would be comfortable in such a house. The heat will not be great, since the roof is made of straw or leaves and as the wind blows, the air moves through the space under the house and keeps the entire house very cool.
Sometimes, during the rainy season there are very heavy rains, which cause flooding. Since the house is on stilts, well
above the ground it stays dry, as the water must rise well above three metres to get into the house. Can you imagine what would happen if the heavy floods occurred with houses build flat on the ground?
In the dry season, the farmers make good use of the space under the house. In the heat of the day, cattle and other
farm animals rest there. It also makes a suitable place for tools and reaped crops to be stored. NATION WORKBOOK
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Answer the following questions by circling the letter which marks the most suitable answer. 1. Stilts are A. support poles
B. long poles
C. concrete pillars
D. high ladders
2. The houses are kept cool by A. fans
B. air conditioning units
C. the air flow
D. water passing below
3. In the rainy season the houses are not flooded because they A. are kept dry
B. are high above the ground
C. are kept warm
D. allow the water to flow through
4. The passage deals mainly with A. living in trees
B. how to build a house
C. houses in the Philippines
D. protection from floods
5. Why do people live on trees or in water? A. for their survival
B. because of the cheapness of the material
C .to be comfortable
D. to be away from floods
6. In dry season the farmers A. live under houses
B. abandon their homes
C. removes the ladders
D. use under the house as store houses
7. Which of these statements is NOT true? A. The Philippines are islands in the Pacific Ocean B. Bamboo is very useful for building houses C. Glass and steel are also used in these houses. D. The houses are cool and dry in the hot season.
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Write a complete sentence in answer to the following. 8. If flood waters rose to five feet, what would most likely happen to the homes mentioned in paragraph 3? ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ CONJUNCTIONS
A conjunction is a word used to join a. one word to another
b. one sentence to another
c. one phrase to another
When two words are joined together by a conjunction they are usually of same or similar part of speech. For example: The man and the woman did the same job.
The building was destroyed after everyone had been evacuated.
Conjunctions can come in pairs.
Examples: She is neither my sister nor my friend. EXERCISE
He is not only the house captain but also a cheer leader.
Underline the conjunctions in the following sentences. 1. You must complete your Mathematics before you can go out to play. 2. The customer was paying his bill when the manager came in. 3. Nia will take part if you let her. 4. Wherever you go I will go. 5. The boy and the girl will practise the violin. 6. Although Faith was not well she did the work. 7. While we watched the wreck went under. 8. Lazy students fail unless they change their attitude. 9. Please speak loudly so that I can hear you well. 10. The thief stole the purse and ran into the building. Many words are spelt alike but are pronounced differently and have completely different meanings. Some of these words are listed here. NATION WORKBOOK
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bass
bow
minute
present
produce
sow
Study them carefully and then use them to correctly complete the sentences which follow. 1. Put manure in the soil and it will ___________ fine crops. 2. On the fishing trip the boys caught ___________ and trout. 3. I searched the _________________ to find my birthday card. 4. The gentleman tipped his hat and gave a gracious ________________ . 5. At the market I sold all the _____________ from my garden. 6.
Farmer Lynch will ___________ the seeds after he takes his ___________ to market.
7. Among the many animals is a huge white _______________ with a black ear. 8. Marge wore a big orange ________ on sports day. 9. The drama group hopes to ________________ a play which will be acceptable to everyone. 10. Who will sing the __________________ in the quartet? 11. On this occasion it is polite to _________________when you _____________ the speaker. 12. My mother pays attention to every ____________ detail of my report. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE (cont’d) - THE PERFECT TENSE Remember these simple steps when changing sentences from active voice to passive voice. 1. Subject and object exchange places. 2. Underline the verb and state its tense. 3. Make sure that the new subject and the helping verb agree. 4. Introduce the verb “been”. 5. Use the past participle of the main verb. 6. Introduce the word “by”. A.
The Present Perfect Tense vb- present perfect
Romario has listed the donations. singular
singular
The donations have been listed by Romario. plural
plural
To change the Present Perfect verb from active to passive, use has or have + been + past participle + by B.
The Past Perfect Tense
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verb- past perfect
The loud noise had awakened the baby.
The baby had been awakened by the loud noise.
To change the Past Perfect verb from active to passive, use had + been + past participle + by ***Note that the helping verb in the past perfect tense remains the same. C. The Future Perfect Tense
This tense gives a sense of completion of a task that will happen in the future. verb- future perfect
Jenny will have washed the plate.
The plate will have been washed by Jenny
To change the Future Perfect verb from active to passive, use will have or shall have + been + past participle + by
Change the following to the passive voice. Be careful with the tenses. 1. The monkeys have destroyed the crops. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. My mother has baked many cakes for the fundraiser. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Mr. Harris will have cut the grass by tomorrow. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. While at the gate, the student had sold many tickets. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. The disc-jockey has played the tunes that I want to hear. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. The carpenters have fixed the locks. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 7. By afternoon, we will have washed the curtains _____________________________________________________________________________________ NATION WORKBOOK
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8. The homeless man has used cardboard boxes for his home. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 9. The toddler has torn the library book. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 10. The shoppers had bought all the Christmas decorations since last week. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 . My brothers have invited the whole neighbourhood to the party! ______________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Have you seen the movie directed by the young Barbadian? ______________________________________________________________________________________ To change perfect tense verbs from the passive voice to the active voice 1. Identify your subject and object.
2. Subject and object exchange places.
3. Underline the verb and indicate its tense
4. The verb used in the active voice must agree with the new subject. 5. Take out the words been and by.
present perfect
For example: The white shirts have been washed by him. He has washed the white shirts.
Rewrite these sentences putting the verb in the active voice. 1. The lady had been examined by the paramedics. _______________________________________________________________________ 2. The donations to St Vincent had been collected by the staff of CBC. _______________________________________________________________________ 3. Before school reopens, all of the ash will have been removed by the volunteers. ______________________________________________________________________ 4.
The experiment has been conducted by the students. _______________________________________________________________________
4. My graduation dress had been sewn by the best seamstress in the village. NATION WORKBOOK
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_______________________________________________________________________ 5. The event has been sponsored by those generous businessmen. _______________________________________________________________________ 6. Have all the trees in the orchard been destroyed by fire? _______________________________________________________________________ 7. Had that question been already explained by your teacher? _______________________________________________________________________ PRONOUNS cont’d In English, pronouns have three cases according to their function in the sentence. They may be •
subjective (they act as the subject)
•
objective (they act as the object)
•
possessive (they show possession of something else)
Pronouns used as subjects are known as subject pronouns or nominative pronouns. Pronouns used as objects are known as object pronouns or objective pronouns. For example:
They gave the pencils to them. Nominative (doer)
objective (receiver)
Those pronouns which show possession are called possessive pronouns. For example:
The books belong to you.
The books are yours . (not your’s)
Choosing The Correct Pronoun (cont’d) 1. Double nominative or double objective When using double nominative or double objective pronouns, never mix the pronouns. For example: The car belongs to him and her. (double objective)
We and they are to receive awards. (double nominative)
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2. After the conjunctions than and as, use a nominative pronoun. For example:
I can run faster than she. (can run)
We were as uncomfortable as they. (were)
However, note the following. That dress fits her better than (I, me)
This sentence means – That dress fits her better than it fits me. 3. The transitive verb let is followed by the objective pronoun. For example: Let us and them agree to meet next week.
4. In some cases, verbs are followed by nominative pronouns when one would expect the objective pronoun to be used.
These include parts of the verb to be (was, were, is). After the verb to be, use the subject pronoun. For example:
It is (I, me ) who broke the vase. Was it (her, she) running on the corridor?
Use the subject pronoun after phrases like appears to be, is believed to be For example:
It appears to be they who are responsible for the damage. Do you think it is he who provided the snacks?
EXERCISE
Underline the correct pronoun to complete the sentences. 1. Neither (we, us) nor (they, them) know the way. 2. Nathan and (she, her) are taller than Bob and (I, me ) 3. It was (him, he) who opened all the windows. 4. It might have been (they, them) calling for you. 5. Let (him, he) and (they, them) have a break after an hour. 6. Mia called Chelsea and (I, me) last night. 7. (He, Him) and the teachers made everything ready for start of school. NATION WORKBOOK
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8. Was it (they, them) or (she, her) who planted the beds of lettuce? 9. It is thought to be (him, he) who donated the boxes of masks. 10. That floppy hat suits (he, him) better than (she, her) ADVERBS An adverb is a word which explains a bit more about the activity, that is, the verb under discussion. It modifies or adds meaning to a verb. (Adverbs do NOT modify nouns or pronouns; we use adjectives to add meaning to nouns or pronouns.) Adverbs also modify another adverb or an adjective. Example 1: She eats too quickly. adverb
adverb
Here, the adverb too modifies another adverb quickly. Example 2:
That pie is very tasty. adverb
adjective
In this sentence, the adverb very modifies an adjective tasty Very often, the adverb adds to the meaning of the action in the sentence by telling how, when or where the action is or was performed. For example: The teacher acted professionally. Adverb of Manner- answers HOW the action is performed I have seen that person before.
Adverb of Time- answers WHEN the action was done The student stood nearby.
Adverb of Place- answering WHERE the action was done. Adverbs of Degree: The adverb of degree tells us to what extent a thing is done. NATION WORKBOOK
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For example: She used the same word too often. Adverbs of Question: The adverb of question asks questions. For example: Where are you going?
Adverbs of Number: The adverb of number tells us how many. For example: The boy rang the bell twice.
Adverbs of Affirmation: The adverb of affirmation affirms or says yes. For example: She surely sleeps soundly.
Adverbs of Negation: The adverb of negation says no or not. For example: The teachers are not going on strike.
Adverb of Time: The adverb of time tells when or for how something happened or will happen. For example: I will come there soon. EXERCISE
Underline the adverb in each sentence and in the brackets provided write what kind of adverb it is. 1. We ate the last of our ham yesterday. 2. I have visited Canada twice. 3. Mario is never prepared for his lessons. 4. That dog is barking ferociously.
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
5. Some children do not complete assignments on time. ( 6. When are you coming to see us?
)
(
)
7. The barn is the structure behind.
(
)
8. Put the books here on this desk.
(
)
(
)
(
)
9. She is certainly upset about the matter. 10. We went to the meeting yesterday. FORMATION OF ADVERBS
Adverbs often end in -ly, but some (such as fast) look exactly the same as their adjective match. Many adverbs may be formed from adjectives by adding the suffix -ly. (Some changes in spelling may be necessary). 1. For adjectives which end with y, change the y to i before adding the suffix -ly. hearty
- heartily
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2. For adjectives which end with e, drop the e before adding the suffix -ly humble
- humbly
3. There are some adjectives where no change is made; the suffix –ly is just added. NB:
grateful
- gratefully
The final l in grateful is NOT dropped before adding –ly.
4 .If an adjective ends in -ic, add al before adding comic
comically
basic
the suffix -ly. basically
Complete the following with an adverb formed from the words in bracket. 1. Many young men were ________________ injured during the shoot-out.( severe) 2. Ciara skipped ________________ around the lawn. ( merry) 3. The tramp ate the food ___________________. ( hungry) 4. We sat and listened _____________________ to the preacher. ( attentive) 5. Father drove ____________________ along the highway. (careful) 6. Many motorists are ________________ injured in accidents. ( critic ) 7. The child was __________________ accused of stealing his peer’s lunch money. ( wrong) 8.
I am __________________ sorry for the mistake. ( real )
9.
The dancer moved ________________ across the floor. (graceful)
10. The accused were __________________ borne away from the crowd’s view. ( secret) 11. I am ___________________ sorry I could not come before. ( terrible ) 12. She stacked the books ________________ on the table. ( tidy ) WORD FORMATION Forming Adjectives:
Adjectives may be formed by adding a suffix to a noun or verb. When adding the suffix the common rules of spelling are observed. 1.
adding -ous Example:
Words ending with ‘y’ usually change ‘y’ to ‘i’ before adding ‘-ous’
fury
furious
2. When full is added to a word, one of the ‘l’s’ is taken off. Less can also be added to form adjectives. Example:
fear
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fearful
or
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3.
‘-ive’, ‘-al’, ‘-y’ may also be used to form adjectives. Example :
4.
talk
talkative
nation
Some verb forms are also used as adjectives. Example:
broken glass
fried chicken
national
spilt milk
scare
scary
boiling water
EXERCISE
Complete the following using adjectives formed from the given words. 1. The ______________ girl. (care) 2. ________________ position. (thirteen) 3. ________________ prism. (rectangle) 4. ________________ motion. (circle) 5. ________________ island. (desert) 6. ________________ farmer. (anger) 7. ________________ young lady. (charm) 8. The _______________ team posed for the photograh. (victory) 9.
It is _______________ to fear wild animals. (nature)
10. Dalandro is a _____________ boy. (health) 11. That is a _______________ thing to do. (fool) 12. We saw a _______________ character near our school. (suspect) Underline the word that is similar in meaning to the word in bold type. 1. The general considered his army invincible. ready
strong
praised
censured
quickly
correctly
loyal
unconquerable
2. The captain was blamed for the defeat of the team. 3. 4.
He worked his sums accurately. He seized the opportunity and scored. advantage
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chance
honoured
good
criticized
exactly
carefully
opponent
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5. 6. 7.
Prefabs are only temporary dwellings. permanent
momentary
deserted
forbade
small
They all forsook him and fled.
for a limited time
helped
rebuked
Accidents are a common occurrence on the roads today. fault
happening
incident
ridiculed
sense
habit
Complete the following sentences using a word formed from that in CAPITALS. 1. ABLE
:
2. CRUEL :
The teacher was a man of great ______________________. There is a society to prevent
___________________ to children.
3. OBSERVE : From my own _______________ I can be sure he is an excellent student. 4. DECEIT
: The girl acted ___________________
.
5. SATISFY :
The result caused him great _________________________ .
6. PUBLIC :
The paper _______________
the results of the examination.
Choose the word which correctly completes each of the following. 1. Joan of Arc was burnt at the (steak, stake). 2. The (principal, principle) of the college was a very stern man. 3. The shop keeper made a (prophet, profit) each year. 3. The camels padded silently (through, threw) the sands of the (desert, dessert). 4. Bridgetown is the (principal, principle) town in Barbados. 5. He needs to (practise, practice) if he is to become a great musician. 6. I hope to (license, licence) my car next week. 7. You will (loose, lose, lost, loss) marks through carelessness. 8. The horse broke (its, it’s) leg and had to be destroyed.
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DECIMALS (cont’d)
Converting A Decimal Number To A Common Fraction
Decimals and common fractions are similar because they both express a partial number (a number that is not exactly a whole number). These fractions can be used to show the same value in a different way. Any decimal number may be written as a common fraction.
OR we simply read the decimal fraction, write it using the numerator and denominator in full and reduce to lowest terms (where necessary)
1. Complete the following by writing the each decimal as a fraction or a mixed number. Reduce to lowest terms where necessary.
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2. Mother bought some fabric that was 3.25m long. (a) Write this amount as a common fraction? (b) How much less than 5m of fabric did Mother buy?
_______________________ ______________(as a decimal)
Changing A Common Fraction To A Decimal Fraction Just like a decimal fraction may be re-written as a common fraction, a common fraction may be re-written as a decimal fraction.
If the denominator is 10, 100, 1000, the number of zeros in the denominator tells the number of digits written after the decimal point, that is, how many decimal places there are.
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Write the following vulgar fractions as a decimal fraction:
10)
My brother and I ate 9 out of 45 mints. Write as a decimal fraction the number of mints remaining?
11)
______________
Rebecca had $50 and spent $35. (a) What decimal fraction of the money was spent?
_______________
(b) What decimal fraction of the money was left?
_______________
12) My brother is working out a problem involving 2/5. He needs to enter this into a calculator. How would he enter it as a decimal on the calculator?
________________
Remember these common fractions and decimal equivalent. They come up frequently.
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ADDING DECIMALS To add decimals, follow these steps: 1. Write down the numbers, one under the other, with the decimal points lined up 2. Put in zeros so the numbers the same number of digits (use zeroes as place holders) 3. Add.
Remember to put the decimal point in the answer
Set down these sums before adding: 4)
3 + 0.4 + 1.2 =
___________
5)
2.23 + 0.67 + 30.1 = ____________
6)
2.451 + 16 + 12.0 4 = ___________
7)
123.2 + 44.01 + 0.01= ____________
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Now, solve the following problems: 8) Calculate the total length of three pieces of ribbon each measuring 40.2 cm, 12.75 cm and 3.123 cm respectively. 9)
_______________
Kevin jumped a height of 1.35 m on Tuesday, 1.20m on Wednesday and 1.36 m on Friday. What is the total height he jumped for the three days?
________________
10) What is the answer when 3.67 is added to 8 ? A. 3.75
B. 11.67
C. 44.7
D. .67
B. SUBTRACTING DECIMALS In subtracting a decimal fraction, you must also be very careful where you place each digit. Remember to put them under the correct column. Just like with adding fractions, always remember to: 1)
put decimal point under decimal point
2)
put a point after whole numbers
3)
use zeros as place holders
Practise subtracting the following:
3)
63.75 – 15.28
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4)
60 - 9 . 08 21
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5) 30.2 – 0.07
6)
13. 68 – 4. 003
Solve the following: 7) A sack of flour weighs 39.6 kg and a bag of potatoes weighs 50.25 kg. Calculate the difference in weight between the
two items. 8)
_____________
Aaron long jumped a distance 4.45m and Caleb jumped 4.9 m. What is the difference in the lengths of their jumps?
_______________
9) Find the difference between 2. 007 and 5.
_______________
10) How much more than 3.25 is 5.3?
_______________
Multiplying Decimals By 10, 100 And 100
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11. What is the height of a pile of 120 books each 0.8 cm thick?
_______________
12. What is the total length of 12 equal pieces of wood if one piece is 24.8 cm long? ______________ 13.
A piece of wire is cut into 15 equal parts. If one piece measures 3.12 cm long, what was the length of the original piece?
14. What is 0. 005 times itself?
______________ ______________
15. Square the number 0.27?
_______________
16. Mother gave Mary $50 pocket money. She spent 0.5 of it. (a) How much did she spend? (b) What decimal fraction did she have left?
________________ ________________
UNITARY METHOD Last time, we looked at unitary method in calculating the cost of items This week we will apply this strategy to solve problems which involve travelling. Look at these examples
Example 1: A man rides 80km in 1 hour. How far will he ride in 5 hrs? We know that in 1hour, the man travels 80 km. We want to find out how far he travelled in 5 hrs. NATION WORKBOOK
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1. Travelling at a steady speed of 45 km /hr, how long does it take me to travel 30 km ? 2. An athlete runs 48 km in 1 hr, how long does he take to move 30 km ?
___________________
___________________
3. How far will I travel in 1hour going at a speed of 40 km in twenty minutes.? ___________________ 4. How long will a bus travelling at a constant speed of 30 km per hour take to travel 75 km? ___________________ 5. A train travels a distance of 120km in 2 hrs, what is its average speed ? Example 3
___________________
If I travel at a steady pace of 80km/hr, how long would I take to travel 60 km? (Kilometres per hour (km/hr) means the number of kilometres travelled in one hour) How long tells us that the answer is hours or minutes so this is on the RHS.
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EXERCISE 1. A truck travels at an average speed of 90 km/hr for 2 1/2 hrs What distance has it travelled?
___________________
2. An object moves 18 metres in 3 seconds. What is the distance it travelled in 25 secs?
__________________
3. Two cars start at the same time from the same point travelling in the same direction along the same road. The speed of one car is 500m /hr and that of the other is 75km/hr. How far apart are both cars after I hour?
__________________
4. How long will my car take to travel 40 km, travelling at a constant speed of 30 km per hour ?
5.
___________________
A cyclist leaves Point A at noon and reaches Point B at 10 p.m. If the points are 100 km apart, at what rate does the cyclist travel?
____________________
TIME INTERVALS
Calculating a time interval means working out how long something takes. It could be how long someone spends at work or how long a train journey lasts or how long mother spends at the hairdresser. Calculating Time Lapses–A.M TO A.M
OR P.M TO P.M
Example 1: Jade left home at 7.30 am and returned at 10:45 am. For how long was she away from home? Solution:
Write the times as hours and minutes and subtract.
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Now do these exercises. Exercise A
Calculate how much time has passed between each of the following times: 1) 4.00 am to 7:00 am 3) 7.15 pm to 11:30pm
______________
2) 5.20 am to 10:30 am ______________
_____________
5) 3.30 am to noon (12:00 am)___________
4) 6:25 pm to midnight (12:00pm) _______ 6) 8.55 a.m. to 9.45 a.m. _____________
Exercise B Solve the following: 1. Break time begins at 10:30 am and ends at 10:50 am. How long is break?
_____________________
2.
A concert started at 6.15 p.m. and endedat 10.00 p.m. For how long did the concert last? _____________________
3.
Aleah started her homework at 5:25 p.m. and finished at 7:00 p.m.? How much time did she spend on her homework?
_____________________
4.
My favourite TV show stated at 3.20 p.m. and finished at 4.15 p.m. How long was the show? ___________________
5.
Mother left home at 8.05 a.m. and returned at noon. How much time did she spend away from home? _______________________
Sometimes we have to calculate a time interval across noon or midnight.
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3. John went to bed at 9.40pm and got up at 7 am. For how long did he sleep? 4.
______________
Jenna and her mom left for the mall at 11:25 am and returned home at 3.05pm. For how long were they away from home?
RATIO Do you know what is a ratio?
_____________
(Pronounce the word ray-show )
We can use our knowledge of fractions to help us to deal with ratio. A ratio is simply a way of comparing numbers or quantities that are similar. That is, it says how much of one thing there is compared to another thing. Mother put 1 apple and 3 strawberries in the bag.
There is 1 apple
There are 4 strawberries
There are 5 fruits in all
The ratio of the number of apples to the number of strawberries is 1 to 5. This is written as written as 1:5 The two dots (colon) are read as “to”, and means divided by, except that the vinculum (-) is missing. A ratio may also be written as a fraction. NATION WORKBOOK
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1 apple (the first term or numerator)
4 strawberries (the second term or denominator)
This order is very important. Whichever item is named first, is the first term.
Even though the numbers were the same in each of the above exercises, the order in which they were listed differed, according to the order in which the elements of the ratio were expressed. Complete the following: Draw circles and triangles in the ratio 2 : 5
Draw hearts and squares in the ratio 7 : 3.
Colour 3 pumpkins green and the rest orange
a) What is the ratio of orange pumpkins to green pumpkins? _____________ b) What is the ratio of orange pumpkins to all the pumpkins? ____________ NATION WORKBOOK
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c) Now add 4 more pumpkins to the picture. Color them yellow. What is the ratio of orange pumpkins to yellow pumpkins? d) What is the ratio of green pumpkins to all the pumpkins?
____________ ___________
Finding the Ratio
A. Write the following ratios (a) using the symbol (:)
b) as a fraction
i) 1 to 11 ________________
ii) 6 to 1________________
iii ) 20 to 3_____________
iv) 3 to 5 _______________
v) 4 to 12 ______________
vi) a to c______________
vii) 10 to 2 _______________
B. Circle the correct answer
viii)
9 to 6 _______________
C. i) A pattern has 4 blue triangles to every 12 yellow triangles. What is the ratio of blue triangles to all triangles?
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ii) There are 12 eggs in a crate. 9 are brown and the rest are white. Express as a fraction a.
the brown eggs to the white eggs
b.
the white eggs to the brown eggs
____________
c.
the brown eggs to all eggs
____________
the white eggs to all eggs
____________
d.
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Class 3 & 4 Language Arts – Comprehension 1.The macaw’s long tail feathers make it look larger than it really is. 2. The parakeet makes its home in hollow trees. 3. The macaw’s beak is useful in helping it crack nuts. 4. The yellow macaw is the prettiest. 5. The entirely blue macaw is not commonly seen. 6. The word plumage is used to refer to feathers. 7. The green parakeets are described as descriptive because they raid farmers’ gardens. 8. The word “bark” as used in line 7 is a noun. In each of the following, circle the letter beside the word or phrase which best completes each statement. 1. A. the ocean 2. D. None of these 3. B. thousands of years ago 4. D. graceful 5. A. the crown of the tree 6. D. smooth 7. D. there is jelly 8. C. food 9. C. jewellery 10. C. adjective Adjective (cont’d) – Proper Adjectives Underline the proper adjective in each sentence. Then circle the noun it modifies. 1. Italian (restaurant) 2. French (dressing) 3. Beethoven (symphony) 4. Swiss (watch) 5. Panama (hat) 6. Parisian (designer) 7. Spanish (literature) 8. Barbados (football) 9. March (winds) 10. Venezuelan (embassy) Make a shorter phrase by using the adjective associated with the proper noun. 1. The Canadian Ambassador 2. The Grenadian national park 3. The Roman empire 4. The Scottish highlands 5. The Mexican borders 6. The White House spokesman 7. The Dutch crusaders 8. Swiss chess 9. Cornish cookware 10. Idahoan potatoes Complete the following using adjectives associated with the nouns given. 1. Italian 2.Bahamian 3. Irish 4. Cuban 5. West Indian 6. Indian 7. Iraqi 8. Chinese 9. Martian 10. Alpine Active and Passive Voice cont’d) – The Continuous Tenses 1. The photograph is being taken by Justin. 2. The volcanic ash is being cleared away by the workers. 3. Too many serious crimes are being committed by some Barbadians. 4. Rewards will be being given to us by our teacher. 5. Many activities are not being planned for 2021 by my social group. 6. The windows are being broken by that naughty boy. 7. Facial masks are being made by some pupils of Class Three. 8. This afternoon cakes will be being made by my sister by us. 9. The clothes were being laid out on the bed by the helper. 10. New carpet is being put in the living room by me. Rewrite the following sentences writing the verb in the active voice.
NATION WORKBOOK
1. My elderly neighbour was selling snacks. 2. Every year hundreds of tourists visits the statue. 3. A very strong fire fighter was carrying a woman downstairs. 4. The team of workers will be cleaning all the gutters of that house. 5. A dubious mechanic is fixing my car in the garage. 6. The seamstress was saving the dress for the wedding. 7. The gang of workers is power washing the yard. Pronouns 1. They 3. That 5. herself, it
2. hers 4. him 6. These, them
Types of Pronouns State the type of pronoun which is underlined. 1. Demonstrative, Personal 2. Interrogative 3. Reflexive 4. Demonstrative, Personal 5. Relative, Personal 6. Indefinite, Personal 7. Possessive 8. Reflexive 9. Relative, Personal 10. Personal, Demonstrative Replace each underlined noun with a suitable personal pronoun. 1. They 2. It 3. Him 4. They 5. We 6. he 7. It, it 8. He 9. them 10.her Pronouns Underline the correct pronoun in each sentence. 1. me 2. him 3. We 4. them 5. her 6. He 7. I 8. They 9. her 10. her 11. they 12. us
finished your class. 2. If we win the competition we will celebrate. 3. I ask my friend to tell me where she bought the book. 4. I will do whatever the teacher says. 5. Until I went to Caracas, I had never tasted curry goat. Mathematics Area of Triangle 1. 8m 2. 12cm 3. 13cm 4. 5cm 5. 8m 6. 17m Finding the Area of Borders Exercise 1. a) 48cm2 b) 160cm2 2. 36m2 3. a) 18cm b) 27cm2 c) 486cm2 4. a) 374m2 b) 51m2 c) 425m2 5. ?? 6. a) 40cm b) 35cm c) 1400cm2 Decimals Write the common fraction and the decimal fraction for each of the following. 1. 0.1 2. 6/10 or 0.6 3. 9/10 or 0.9 4. 7/10 or 0.7 5. 4/10 or 0.4 (SHADE a to e) The second place after the decimal point is called hundredths B. Complete the following 1. 5 tenths 6 hundredths 2. 6 tenths 5 hundredths 3. 38 hundredths 4. 40 hundredths Write the following numbers 1. 172.68 2. 400.04 3. 0.29 4. 51.97 5. 0.05
Sentences Join these pairs of sentences to form a compound sentence. 1. Mr Jones built the house; he didn’t paint it. 2. You wait here and I’ll get the package for you. 3. The girls could not find the hairstyling kit so they played a game on the Wii. 4. She doesn’t watch cricket because she doesn’t understand it. 5. The athlete hurt his leg but he continued to run. 6. Crop Over is in August; we’d better start making our costumes. 7. My car would not start because it needed some gasoline.
Value 1. 2 2. 8 3. ones 4. 8000 5. 9 6. hundredths 7. 100
Sentences Identify the following sentences as simple, compound or complex 1. Complex 2. Compound 3. Compound 4. Simple 5. Complex 6. Simple 7. Complex 8.Simple
Reading Decimals Write the decimal factions for each of the following a) 3.86 b) 106.7 c) 12.23 d) 0.56 e) 300.64
Make a complex sentence by putting a dependent clause in each space. 1. Meet me in the school yard when you are
Circle the fractional part in each of the following a) 02 b) 1 c) 66 d) 497 e) 002
Expanded Notation 1. 3.02 = 3 ones + 2 hundredths =(3x1) + (2x1/100) =3+ (2 x 0.01) 2. 86.24 = 8 tens + 6 ones + 2 tenths + 4
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hundredths = (8x10) + (6x1) + (2x1/10) + (4 x 1/100) = 80 + 6 + 2x0.1 + 4 x 0.01 3. 127.83 = 1 hundred + 2 tens + 7 ones + 8 tenths + 3 hundredths = (1x100) + (2 x 10) + (7 x1) +(8 x 1/10) + (3 x 1/100) = 100 + 20 + 7 + (8x0.1) + (3.0.01) 4. 0.61 = 6 tenths + 1 hundredths (6 x 0.1) + (1 x 0.01) 5. 159.7 = 1 hundred + 5 tens + 9 ones + 7 tenths (1 x 100) + (5x10) + (9x1) + (7 x 1/10) 100 + 50 + 9 + 0.7 6. 4.444 = 4 ones + 4 tenths + 4 hundredths + 4 thousandths (4x1) + (4 x 10) + (4 x 1/100) + 4 x 1/1000 4 + (4.x0.1) + (4x0.01) + (4x0.001) Write the number represented by a) 70.63 b) 304.548 c) 1.011 d) 0.86 e) 4064.008 f) 2202.02 g) 250.003 Measuring Time (cont’d) a) 300 mins b) 225 mins c) 3 1/3 hrs d) 7 hrs e) 402 mins f) 260 mins Write the following as fractions a) 5/60 / 1/12 hrs b) 20/60 / 1/6 hrs c) 7/10 hrs d) 1/10 hrs Adding Hours and Minutes Hrs Mins 1. 7 59 2. 7 57 3. 12 17 7. 10:20 a.m. 8. 6.40 9. 8.03 a.m. Exercise Hrs Mins 1. 1 36 2. 2 28 3. 3 46 4. 6 32 5. 2 55 6. 03 35 4. 7.41 a.m. 5. 5.21 p.m. 6. 11.27 a.m. Multiplying Hours and Minutes Hrs Mins 1. 4 42 2. 13 06 3. 7 10 4. 11 09 7. 34 00 11. 1 14 1. 2 06 8. 3 21 12. 0 14 Time Earlier and Time Later 1 a). 6. 45 a.m. b) 2 c) 8:48 p.m. 2 8:20 3. a) 10 o’clock b) 9.15 c) 10. 15
THURSDAY, MAY 27, 2021.
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