Timeline History

19th May is the national day of Brittany when Bretons celebrate the life of their patron, Saint Erwan (17 October 1253 – 19 May 1303), a parish priest who lived among the poor of Louannec.

There are many Welsh towns twinned with towns in Brittany, including; Gorseinon with Ploërmel, Gowerton with La Gacilly, Carmarthen with Lesneven, Mumbles with Hennebont,

Cardi with Nantes. (Nantes was historically part of Brittany, but is now the capital of the Pays de la Loire région of northwestern France).

Breton forces fought alongside Owain Glyndwr during his uprising against the rule of Henry IV.

Henry Tudor spent 14 years in exile in Brittany prior to taking the throne of England from Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. Henry was aided in his campaign with money and supplies from Francis II, Duke of Brittany. From the early 19th century, Breton Onion sellers (Sioni Winwns - Onion Johnnies) regularly traded in Britain. They were particularly prevalent in Wales as the Breton and Welsh languages are closely related and it was easier for them to communicate with Welsh speakers.

The melody of the Breton National Anthem is an adaption of the Welsh anthem. It was adopted in 1903 as a symbol of Welsh-Breton friendship.

The area of modern-day Brittany was conquered by Julius Caesar in 56 BC and became known as Armorica. Welsh and Breton are both Brythonic languages with marked similarities. Breton being brought to Armorica by migrating Britons eeing the Anglo-Saxon invaders in the 5th and 6th centuries, following the Roman withdrawal from Britain.

The most prominent illustrations of the close relationship between Wales and Brittany are found in the biographies of the early Celtic saints, who journeyed along the western seaways between Brittany, Cornwall, Wales and Ireland spreading the Word. This period is often described as the ' Golden Age of Celtic Christianity.

Welsh saints with Breton connections; Saint Samson, born 486, was the grandson of Meurig ap Tewdrig, King of Glamorgan and Gwent. He was educated by St Illtud at the Abbey of Llanilltud Fawr and is regarded as one of the foremost evangelizers of the era. He founded the monastery at Dol in Brittany.

Saint Teilo, a friend of St David, who he helped establish an abbey at Mynyw (later St David). When the great yellow plague swept through Wales, Teilo took his community to the region of Cornouaille in Brittany. He later returned to Llandeilo Fawr and after the death of St. David, he became known as one of the most holy men in Wales.

Saint Illtyd, born c.500 in Brittany, Legend has it that he began his career as a skilled warrior serving Arthur in the defence of Britain. Illtyd took up the monastic life and founded an abbey at Llanilltud Fawr (Llantwit Major), which became a centre of learning. At its peak, it reputedly had seven halls, over 400 houses and over 2000 students, which included St Patrick, Paul Aurelian, Taliesin, Gildas, Samson and St David. There are many churches dedicated to Illtyd in Wales and Brittany.

Saint Cenydd, born a cripple in 525, the son of King Deroch of Brittany. He travelled to Wales, where St David cured him. However, Cenydd preferred to remain as God had created him and his disability was restored.

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