Space Orbital October 13, 2022

INTO DELTA MISSIONS

“The

PUBLISHER & EXECUTIVE

Space Force embeds Cyber Squadrons into delta missions

By Mike Slater Space Base Delta 1 Public Affairs

SCHRIEVER SPACE FORCE

BASE , Colo. — The Orbital Defense Initiation, or ODIN, is Space Delta 9’s initial training course where new members can gain a base knowledge on orbital mechanics, warfare principles, current threats to space assets and more.

However, their most recent graduation included Guardians wearing patches other than DEL 9’s.

The three ODIN graduates from Space Delta 6’s 69th Cyber Squadron are part of a U.S. Space Force initiative to embed cyber and intel capabilities into space operations squadrons to speed up decision making and improve readiness.

They will work side-by-side space operators and intelligence experts, providing cyber capability to operational missions.

“It’s important for cyber operators to have the same fundamental orbital warfare knowledge base as the space operators. It allows them to better understand and react to the issues that space operators encounter every day,” said USSF Capt. Melanie Mohseni, ODIN deputy fl ight commander. “It’s also necessary to have cyber expertise on the operations floor so that when we encounter cyber issues, we have those subject matter experts helping the crew commander make decisions.”

The 69th CYS is one of several squadrons being formed from the 61st CYS and aligned under DEL 6 administratively.

“We exist to defend their terrain. The mission of 69 CYS is to enable the protect and defend mission of Delta 9 through active cyber defense,” said USSF Lt. Col. Shane Warren, 61st CYS commander.

Space operations involves aroundthe-clock missions, with operational squadrons continuously manned. This initiative puts the right expertise in the room instead of on-call. Cyber operators attending a delta’s initial

training course ensures everyone can speak the same language.

“It helps our operators to know what normal looks like,” said Warren. “If they see indicators that something doesn’t look normal in the terrain they’re monitoring, because they’re trained and sitting side-by-side, they can determine if there is potentially malicious activity and what can we do to stop it.”

The knowledge sharing flows in both directions. The space operators are getting more in-depth cyber knowledge as well.

“The fi rst thing I discussed with the three recent ODIN cyber grads was them helping us develop a Cyber curriculum,” said Mohseni.

Since the initiative is at the ground

level, DEL 6 is allowing many Guardians the chance to have a voice in their assigned operational cyber squadron, numbered in the 60’s to match the delta they support, with the 69th CYS supporting DEL 9, the 68th CYS supporting DEL 8 and so on.

“We describe to the Guardians, ‘this is the Space Domain Awareness mission, this is the Electromagnetic Warfare mission, this is the SATCOM mission,’ and ask, ‘What interests you the most?’,” said Warren.

According to Warren, there are roughly 175 Guardians in the 61st Cyber Squadron, with a large portion assigned to active and future squadrons according to their own inputs.

Th is initiative is not just making space operations squadrons more ca-

U.S. Space Force photo by Tiana Williams U.S. Space Force Col. Mark Bigley, Space Delta 9 commander, presents an Orbital Defense Initiation Course, or ODIN, graduation certificate to USSF Sgt. Dylan Edwards at Schriever Space Force Base, Colorado, Sept. 16, 2022. Edwards is a cyber operator with Space Delta 6’s 69th Cyberspace Squadron, embedded with DEL 9 as part of a USSF initiative to integrate cyber and intel capabilities into space operations squadrons to enhance decision making and improve operational readiness.

pable, it is also providing force development for the future of the USSF.

“This is how we develop senior master sergeants in the Space Force. We’ve tried to go beyond ‘I’m cyber, you’re intel.’ In the Space Force, we all work on space,” said USSF Senior Master Sgt. Charles Presley, 69th CYS superintendent. “A superinten dent for a Space Force squadron could come from any operational background, so it’s important to expose the next gen eration of enlisted leaders to all aspects of the space enterprise as early in their career as possible.”

As the USSF builds its culture and forges its own identity, Guardians in cyber are one step closer. They are a weapon system, practicing their craft to safeguard and en hance the space mission.

“You can see the spark in these Guardian’s eyes when they come in,” said Warren. “They’re definitely excited, and we’ve got some really talented Guardians.”

DEL 6 plans to have cyber squadrons embedded in other space deltas, expanding capabilities to more USSF missions, in the near future, eventually shaping a future where everybody is looking at the same problem through different lenses, tackling the same problem with different skillsets.

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U.S. Space Force photo by Tiana Williams U.S. Space Force Col. Mark Bigley, Space Delta 9 commander, speaks to the graduates of Space Delta 9’s Orbital Defense Initiation Course at Schriever Space Force Base, Colorado, Sept. 16, 2022. ODIN is DEL 9’s initial training course for incoming space operators, however, this class included three members of Space Delta 6’s 69th Cyberspace Squadron, as part of a U.S. Space Force initiative to integrate cyber and intel capabilities into space operations squadrons to enhance decision making and improve operational readiness.

STARCOM debuts new combat readiness exercise in BLACK SKIES 22

By Staff Writer Space Training and Readiness Command Public Affairs

PETERSON SPACE FORCE BASE, Colo. — Space Training and Readiness Command completed its fi rst iteration of the inaugural SKIES exercise series aimed at improving the U.S. Space Force’s command and control capabilities.

The exercise, BLACK SKIES 22, which ran from Sept. 19-23, was a live simulation exercise designed to rehearse the command and control of multiple joint electronic warfare fi res.

Space Delta 1’s 392d Combat Training Squadron led the development of BLACK SKIES with assistance from Space Delta 11’s 25th Space Range Squadron, and multiple combat squadrons within Space Operations Command, the National Guard Bureau and the U.S. Air Force Reserves.

A live simulation exercise is a training event involving real people operating real systems, said U.S. Space Force Lt. Col. Albert Harris, 392d CTS commander.

“Th is is different from virtual simulation involving real people operating simulated systems, and constructive simulation involving simulated people operating simulated systems,” Harris said.

The 25th SRS configured multiple advanced training ranges for BLACK SKIES 22.

The live range spanned the distance between California and Colorado and elevated to a specified

Members from the 392nd Combat Training Squadron (CTS) and the 216th Space Control Squadron (SPCS) in front of Electronic Warfare equipment during BLACK SKIES 22 at Vandenberg Space Force Base, California, Sept. 23, 2022. The 216 SPCS conducted Electronic Warfare Fires from Vandenberg for the first time during BLACK SKIES 22.

point 22,000 miles above the surface of the Earth. Th is range allowed space warfighters participating in the exercise to fi re their weapon systems in a safe environment that replicated certain war-like conditions, offering them an opportunity to rehearse and refi ne their warfighting tactics, techniques and

procedures.

Participants included Electronic Warfare Airmen from the Florida Air National Guard’s 114th Space Control Squadron, the California ANG’s 216th Space Control Squadron, the Air Force Reserve’s 380th Space Control Squadron, Guardians from the Space Delta

Peterson Space Force Base SPACE ORBITAL Schriever Space Force Base

Courtesy Photo

3’s 4th and 16th Electronic Warfare Squadrons, Guardians from Space Delta 5, and coalition warfighters from U.S. Space Command’s Combined Space Operations Center.

The exercise scenario focused on a notional crisis in U.S. European Command’s area of responsibility. The crisis included coalition combat operations in the air, special operations on the ground, and cyber operations effecting various domains, all presented by the 392d CTS using constructive simulation.

“BLACK SKIES 22 offered an unprecedented opportunity to partner across the Total Force, including Active-Duty, Air National Guard, and the Air Force Reserves,” said Col. Christopher Fernengel, Space Delta 3 commander. “Th is was an exercise that allowed our service members to step into the arena and demonstrate our combined electronic warfare readiness.”

The BLACK SKIES 22 training audience used live and virtual simulation provided by the 25th SRS to layer electromagnetic effects against 29 simulated targets. Participants also planned and executed integrated operations, refi ned multiple tactics and rehearsed command and control relationships.

The exercise concluded with over 20 learning points, proving to be a huge success, enabling advanced training for 50 space warfighters in California and Colorado.

“BLACK SKIES 22 increased our readiness by practicing offensive and defensive operations in the electromagnetic spectrum,” said U.S. Air Force Maj. Gen. Shawn

Bratton, STARCOM commander. “By rehearsing functions such as joint fi res and joint command and control, BLACK SKIES helps to prepare space forces to compete and prevail in confl ict when our nation calls upon us to do so.”

Overall, it took the 392d Combat Training Squadron nine months to build the BLACK SKIES exercise.

Space Force Maj. Benjamin Skee, 392d CTS large force exercise fl ight commander, served as the BLACK SKIES 22 exercise director.

Skee built a joint team spanning multiple Space Force Bases to successfully put on the exercise. His team comprised of an exercise control group at Vandenberg, Schriever, and Peterson Space Force Bases that included exercise planners, intelligence support and various space tacticians.

“I watched Major Skee build and lead this team over the last several months,” said Harris. “I was impressed with his team’s ability to quickly build a scenario, secure the appropriate approvals, and deliver the required resources to make possible the first brand new exercise for the Space Force.”

Looking ahead, additional exercises in the SKIES series include RED SKIES, a live simulation orbital warfare training event, and BLUE SKIES, a live simulation cyber warfare training event. RED SKIES is planned to debut in early 2023, and a date for BLUE SKIES is under evaluation.

STARCOM plans to conduct another service-level BLACK SKIES exercise in 2023.

Courtesy Photo

U.S. Space Force Lt. Col. Albert Harris, Commander of the 392nd Combat Training Squadron, presents a commander’s coin to U.S. Air Force Staff Sgt. Esmeralda Sanchez-Avila from the 216th Space Control Squadron during BLACK SKIES 22 at Vandenberg Space Force Base, Calif., Sept. 23, 2022. Sanchez-Avila was recognized for earning a BLACK SKIES 22 “Professional Performer Award.”

U.K. makes history, leads SACT Meridian cell for the rst time

By Ms. Bridget Bonnette Joint Task Force-Space Defense Public Affairs

COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. — Following two weeks of training with the Joint Task Force-Space Defense Commercial Operations Cell (JCO), the United Kingdom successfully led its fi rst Sprint Advanced Concept Training (SACT) Meridian cell shift out of High Wycombe, England, Aug. 1-5, 2022.

The SACT event series is a tri-annual live-virtual experiment and exercise series that provides opportunities for commercial vendors of space data and analytics capabilities to explore integration of their products in a realistic space operations environment.

SACTs were created to provide a venue for rapid innovation and improvement to current space operations and provide commercial vendors with an accessible entry point, supporting both commercial and military space integration efforts. The JCO, operating at the non-classified level, allows acceleration of integration at commercial speeds, ultimately raising the state-of-the-art capabilities in space domain awareness.

Th roughout the event series, space operators leverage ideas to innovate current capabilities and simultaneously test developmental capabilities to decide how they might be incorporated into mission needs, ultimately driving innovation in space enterprise execution.

These events began in 2019 involving just a handful of commercial partners with the goal of leveraging commercial technologies in supporting international space domain awareness efforts.

The SACT series is used as a technical assessment of capabilities for burgeoning commercial providers looking to demonstrate their capabilities, such as how well they can track satellites or perform maneuver detection and threat assessments.

The SACT series runs for an entire week and includes two, 24-hour operations cycles, during which time, participants are faced with an aggressive series of space operations desired learning objectives (DLOs) using end-to-end operational systems. *

According to Sprint Advanced Concept Training (SACT): A renaissance in collaborative international space operations, the DLOs are designed by representative sponsoring agencies, including U.S. Space Command and the Department of Commerce, to understand where the true commercial capacity in space surveillance stands with respect to operational Space Domain Awareness and Space Traffic Management needs. *

“Our JTF-SD SACT experiment series provides a venue for exploring a wide range of space domain awareness technologies and opportunities for collaboration in support of our protect and defend mission,” said U.S. Army Maj. Gen. Tom James, commander of the JTF-SD.

Teams experience routine and adversary threat engagement simulations such as Search and Recovery (SAR); Closely Spaced Object (CSO) discrimination; satellite characterization; high-cadence surveillance; conjunction assessment; and Rendezvous and Proximity Operations (RPO) analysis, all while continuously executing real-world events.

Current SACTs involve participants from all over the world comprising of over 70 commercial companies, universities, and military organizations, demonstrating the exponential growth in participation in just a few years.

The August SACT included participation by not only the U.K., but also from numerous international teams including Australian (AUS) Defense Space, Canadian Defense Research and Development Canada (DRDC), AUS Responsive Space Operations Center (RSOC), AUS Defence Science and Technology Group (DSTG), Chile Air Force (FACh), and others.

The JCO ordinarily leads these SACTs from the Americas cell, made up in total of the U.S., Canada, Brazil, and Chile, here in Colorado Springs. However, U.K. Space Command, through the direction of Fg Off Hallchurch, led the Meridian Cell from RAF High Wycombe, England, enabling the United Kingdom to become the fi rst country to independently lead a SACT cell.

Th is SACT also allowed for a practice hand-off

Space Force Base

training we received from JCO Americas was a very important step in our development...”

Pacific,

“It just so happens that our stron gest allies are 8 hours apart in both directions,” said Joe Gerber, aerospace engineer and lead integrator for the JCO. “With our core team of allies doing shift work, or the ‘follow the sun’ model, this allows the JCO to perform 24/7 operations so that each cell is only operating during normal business hours.”

In preparation for this milestone, U.K. Space Command personnel par ticipated in training at the JCO during the last two weeks of July. The training involved side by side operations be tween JCO and U.K. Space Command personnel to demonstrate the JCO’s methods of completing tasks and in volved executing different functions such as launch processing, mission management, and ballistic trajectory dissent processing.

“The training we received from JCO Americas was a very important step in our development”, said Cpl Ryan, space systems operator at the U.K. Space Operations Centre. “The opportunity to see how a well-estab lished JCO crew conducts day-to-day operations is something that we were keen to take back. JCO’s capabilities

are extensive, and we look forward to playing a critical role, together with our partners from the Pacific and America cells, in delivering 24-7 op erations in the near future.”

Now that the SACT has concluded, the JCO plans to conduct follow-on training to address learning out comes and enhance space operations knowledge.

Because space is no longer a benign environment, other countries are now recognizing the importance of space operations, accelerating their own technologies, and advancing their own space capabilities. By collaborating with the JCO, our international part ners can team with the United States in space operations and advance the protection and defense of their own space systems.

Achieving 24/7 JCO operations is being proven through the SACTs, with the aim of incorporating allies and partners permanently into a contin uous 24-hour operations cycle that spans the globe.

* Please visit https://amostech. com/2020-technical-papers/ to download the full paper, Sprint Advanced Concept Training (SACT): A Renaissance in Collaborative International Space Operations.

The

FRONT RANGE NEWS

SBD 1 ANNOUNCEMENTS

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Email: SBD1.PA.ActionLine@spaceforce.mil

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the “Contact Me” box and include your

SBD 1 COMMANDERS CALL

Col. Hanson will field members’ questions via text from the number provided below. All SBD 1 members are encouraged to attend, especially those who were not able to attend the fi rst Commander’s Call held at Schriever.

Who: SBD 1 members

Where: Peterson Hub Ballroom

When: Friday, Oct. 14, 8:00 a.m.

What: Col. Hanson will offi cially introduce himself and provide his expectations and outlook for SBD 1.

Details: Text 719-355-9647 to submit your questions.

21 CPTS CO-LOCATE WITH MPF

The Peterson fi nance office will be going through a remodel beginning in October and lasting through December. Until construction is complete, they will have technicians co-located with the MPF on the fi rst floor.

Customers can walk into the MPF and sign into the kiosk for fi nance assistance. In processing briefi ngs will still take place in the computer lab on the second floor on Tuesdays and Thursdays at 9:30 a.m.

When: Starting Monday, Oct. 3

Where: Peterson Finance Office

SBD 1 RESILIENCE HIKE

Focus on your physical resilience, meet new people and develop connections across Peterson, Schriever, and Cheyenne Mountain! Make sure to bring sun protection, water, comfortable shoes and layers.

Who: SBD 1 members

Where: U.S. AFA stables, 7067 Cottonwood Dr., 80840

When: Friday, Oct. 14 from 2 – 3:45 p.m.

What: Approximately a 5-mile hike involving generally flat terrain and a few medium climbs

Sign up: https://signup.com/go/ctjFwBC

UPDATED COVID-19 VACCINE GUIDANCE

Primary/Initial Series — P zer-BioNTech

• Available Fridays

• Ages 12 and older

• You must schedule an appt for your all doses.

• Your second dose should occur 21 days after your fi rst dose. However, if necessary the second dose can occur 4 days early or up to 14 days after the 21-day recommendation.

Primary/Initial Series — Moderna

• Available Thursdays

• Ages 18 and up can receive the Moderna vaccine

• Your second dose should occur 28 days after your fi rst dose. If necessary the second dose can occur 4 days early or up to 14 days after the 21-day recommendation.

Booster/Additional Dose

Pfi zer-BioNTech Booster vaccines are available on Fridays for ages 12 and older

Moderna booster is available for all beneficiaries ages 18 years and older on Thursdays

Boosters are available if you meet the following criteria: Completed a primary/initial series

It has been at least 5 months after completing Moderna/ Pfi zer series OR at least 2 months after receiving Janssen.

Individuals may select which booster they would like by scheduling on the day that they are being offered. Individuals may mix and match types after completing initial series. No boosters are available for dependents under the age of 18 at this time. Second boosters are available for beneficiaries 50 and older or members who are moderately/severely immunocompromised with a script from their PCM.

ADULT COVID-19 VACCINE APPOINTMENTS

Where: Immunizations, Peterson SFB Main Clinic: 559 Vincent St, Peterson SFB, CO 80914

Details: Visit https://informatics-stage.health.mil/ COVAX/to make an appointment.

PEDIATRIC COVID-19 VACCINE APPOINTMENTS

Who: Children ages 5-11 can receive the Pfi zerBioNTech vaccine as long as legal guardian is present.

What: 21 MDG is now providing pediatric Pfi zer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines. Just like in adults, 2 doses given 3 weeks apart are required for a child to be fully vaccinated.

Where: Immunizations, Peterson SFB Main Clinic: 559 Vincent St, Peterson SFB, CO 80914

Details: Visit https://informatics-stage.health.mil/ COVAX/ to make an appointment.

ALL VACCINES AVAILABLE FOR FREE IN THE COMMUNITY

Visit the El Paso County Public Health Department website at elpasocountyhealth.org/how-can-i-get-a-vaccine.

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