34 minute read
Health: Skin Diseases
GETTING THE SKINNY ON SKIN DISEASES SKIN DEEP
BY HEATHER SMITH THOMAS
Skin diseases are fairly common in horses. Several different types of problems can occur, with varying causes—everything from parasites to viruses, bacteria, and allergies. Tese diferent problems can also vary in severity.
SCRATCHES
Te term “scratches” is a common name for areas of lumpy, weepy, and/or crusty skin on the lower legs, especially around the heel and pastern and sometimes up the cannon. Dr. Stephen D. White, professor and chief of service, dermatology, at the School of Veterinary Medicine University of California-Davis, says this term (and “greasy heel”) simply refers to any kind of skin lesion that occurs on the pastern and fetlock areas.
“Tere can be many diferent reasons and causes,” White said. “Te most common one we see at our referral practice—in cases of scratches
GETTY IMAGES
HEATHER SMITH THOMAS PHOTOS
Scratches, skin lesions that appear on the pastern and fetlock and that sometimes is referred to as ‘greasy heel,’ might be bacterial, fungal, or parasitic in origin
Rain rot, skin lesions appearing during rainy season, is easily diagnosed and treated
or greasy heel that keep recurring—is a vasculitis (infammation of the blood vessels beneath the skin).
“Tis is more common in unpigmented (pink) skin, but can also occur in colored skin. Te cause is not always understood. On rare occasion it may be due to a drug that was given to the horse, causing the reaction, and sometimes due to photosensitization (seen more often in unpigmented skin than colored skin).”
Photosensitization can be due to liver problems, if the liver is unable to flter out photosensitizing agents from certain plants or toxins. In these situations, exposure to sunlight makes the skin reaction worse. Or the horse may have a photo-aggravated dermatitis that sets of the vasculitis.
“In many cases we never know what sets it of,” said White. “In some cases it might extend from the legs to the rest of the body, but that’s rare.
“When looking at a horse with scratches, the veterinarian tries to determine whether the cause is bacterial, fungal, or a parasite like chorioptic mites that cause leg mange, or a vasculitis.
“Chorioptic mange can be treated with medications like ivermectin that kill the mites. Tus, it is essential to have a correct diagnosis, to know how to treat a skin problem successfully.”
If the lumpy, crusty skin is caused by bacterial and/or fungal infection, specific medications can be administered that will resolve those infections.
RAIN ROT
“Rain rot” is a common term for dermatophilosis. Te organism causing this skin disease is the spore-forming bacterium Dermatophilus congolensis. Tis bacterium needs moisture to emerge from dormant spore form and become infective.
“We call the disease rain rot because it usually occurs in rainy seasons,” said White. “Te skin lesions often appear along the back because the horse is standing in the rain, or may appear on the lower legs if they have been wet. Tis may be one of the diferentials when diagnosing causes of scratches—occurring after the horse has been standing in water, or has been sprayed with water in the stall when people clean out the stall with a high-pressure hose while the horse is in the stall.
“Tree things are needed for rain rot to occur—water, the infective organism, and some sort of micro-trauma to the skin to open the way for these bacteria. Tis could be anything from fy bites to another horse biting the animal, or little scrapes and abrasions that happen while rubbing or rolling, or the water impact from a high-pressure hose.”
Rain rot is usually easy to diagnose and also easy to treat.
“Tis infection is susceptible to most antibiotics,” said White. “But you might treat the horse and the skin problem clears up—and he goes out in the rain again and starts a new infection. Along with treatment, you may need to do some environmental or management changes.”
For treatment, most veterinarians prefer a two-pronged approach—topical and systemic.
“A gentle shampoo works well, with removal of the scabs and crusts caused
DR. ROSANNA MARSELLA
by this organism,” said White. “But the crusts are quite painful to pull of. Many people use a betadine shampoo, but actually the best thing is systemic antibiotics. Penicillin often works well; this is one of the rare situations in which I say penicillin will work. Te trimethoprim sulfa (TMS) drugs also work, and this is an oral product—which is nice for folks who don’t want to have to give their horse an injection every day.”
BACTERIAL FOLLICULITIS
Te term “folliculitis” simply means infammation of the hair follicles.
“When it’s caused by bacteria, most of the time this condition is caused by a Staphylococcus species—sometimes Staphylococcus aureus or S. pseudintermedius,” said White. “On rare occasions it may be due to Dermatophilus, but this is very unusual.”
To the horse owner, this infection often looks like what is commonly called ringworm because it tends to be circular in appearance.
“Te hair follicle becomes infected and the hair shaft falls out, and then the ones next to it become infected and the area of hairlessness becomes a little larger, causing a circular area of hair loss,” White explained. “I think bacterial folliculitis is underdiagnosed, and ringworm (caused by a fungus) is often over-diagnosed because these two conditions look so much alike.
“In many cases, if it isn’t covering the whole animal—located in just one or two small areas—bacterial folliculitis can be managed with any shampoo that contains a combination of chlorhexidine and miconazole. Tere are a number of products that contain both of those components at 2% or a little higher. Tese two medications are synergistic and work well together.”
Tis treatment is usually sufcient to get rid of folliculitis in small areas.
“If the horse has the infection in just one area, a topical ointment works well,” said White. “Te medication I like best is mupirocin, which is used to treat certain skin infections. Some people use Neosporin, but I think mupirocin works better.
“If the horse has very many wide circles of hair loss, however, a fungal culture should be done, just to make sure it’s not some type of ringworm. If it’s not fungal, use of TMS (trimethoprim sulfa) combinations usually works well. Your veterinarian should be involved in diagnosing the condition and recommending/prescribing the appropriate treatment.”
SKIN CANCERS
“Sarcoid is probably the most common type of skin cancer in horses, but we also see squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma,” said White. “Squamous cell carcinoma is usually slow-growing, but in later stages can not only enlarge but can metastasize and travel to other parts of the body. We have seen it on the prepuce of the penis on male horses and around the vulva of mares. It is most common on, but not limited to, areas of unpigmented skin or thinly haired areas.”
It may also occur on the eyelids, including the third eyelid, or other parts of the eye. Prognosis is always better if you can catch it early, before it spreads.
“Treatment is usually by incision, to remove the growth,” said White. “Cisplatin is also efective—a drug that can be injected into the growth—if it is in an area that can’t be surgically removed.
Melanoma is a diferent type of skin cancer that tends to show up most often in older gray horses, though it can occur in any horse.
“In young horses that are less than 18 months old, it is usually benign and might be surgically removed, whereas in older gray horses the growths may spread internally,” said White. “Your veterinarian should be consulted for a proper diagnosis.”
Tese growths are often found around the anus or vulva or under the tail, but can appear anywhere on the body. Tese smooth, black lumps are often slow-growing and may never become a problem. Occasionally, however, the growth may spread internally.
Melanomas can be more problematic in some locations than others, and this may determine whether or not treatment or removal is attempted.
“I have seen some gray horses with melanomas at the base of the tail, and these growths have already spread internally,” said White. “It is important to have these checked by your veterinarian.”
Tere are some other kinds of skin cancer in horses, but they are quite uncommon.
HIVES
Te most common causes of hives include sensitivity reactions to biting fies or insect stings, and allergies.
“Horses rarely have food allergies,” said White. “Tey are more likely to have reactions to pollens, molds, etc. It is somewhat similar to people with hay fever, except with horses the target organ is often the skin.”
Hives generally appear suddenly after the horse comes into contact with whatever sets of the reaction. Hives may be
patchy over the neck and shoulders, or over the whole body. In an acute case, the horse is usually given antihistamine and steroids to decrease the reaction.
Once the hives are gone, the horse is weaned of the steroids and the owner might make changes in management of that horse to identify the cause of the problem—if it hasn’t been fgured out from the horse’s history. If the
The most common cause of hives is insect stings or allergies
DR. ROSANNA MARSELLA
HEATHER SMITH THOMAS CREDIT PHOTO
On rare occasions a horse could develop hives as a reaction to pollen or molds in new hay
horse recently was given a vaccination or new medication, or something else that might have caused the reaction, it might just be a one-time occurrence.
Otherwise, the owner might remove one variable at a time and note when the problem goes away, in a process of elimination, if possible. Most horses only experience hives on rare occasion—perhaps after coming into contact with a harsh detergent used on the horse’s blanket, new hay, or new load of shavings that has a diferent chemical treatment.
“A horse with chronic hives—that only go away after steroid treatment and then come right back again—should be closely evaluated,” said White. “We need to see if the fy repellent program is adequate (if the problem might be due to fy bites) or if the horse might have an allergy.
“Treatment for an allergy would be antihistamines and maybe hyposensitization injections, or what people call allergy shots. Tese injections are usually efective in about 70% of the horses that get hives. But it’s important to remember that the efects might not be evident for six months to two years. So this requires a major commitment on the part of the owner.”
GETTY IMAGES LICE
Te lice that afect horses are species specifc. Te lice on your horse won’t spread to humans, dogs, or cattle, or vice versa.
“Tey can only be transmitted to other equines, such as a donkey or mule,” said White.
Lice are small and hard to see unless you have good light or a magnifying glass. Tey are found most commonly on top of the back and the sides of the neck. Te horse is usually very itchy and rubs the hair out.
Lice usually appear in winter when horses have long hair and might be more congregated together. Tere are basically two kinds of lice—biting/chewing lice that merely feed on the skin and move around more on the animal and sucking lice that attach and suck blood.
“Te sucking lice are relatively easy to get rid of, just by treating the horse with ivermectin or other avermectins, but these don’t always work as well for biting lice,” said White. “For those, we have to use some kind of topical product.
“Neither type of lice can live anywhere but on the host animal. Tey lay their eggs (nits) on the hair.”
It may take two treatments, a few weeks apart, to kill all the lice, because most treatments won’t kill the eggs. Another treatment is needed to kill new lice hatched out after the frst treatment.
Horses might have lice in the winter when they are confned or in the barn. Once spring comes and they are turned out to pasture and shed their winter hair, the lice population crashes. But it’s still a good idea to treat them to get rid of all the lice.
“In foals, a high population of sucking lice can make them anemic,” said White. “It’s best to treat them.”
Tere are several ways to treat lice.
“Some people like to use fy spray, but insecticidal shampoos also work,” said White. “For sucking lice, any deworming product containing avermectins should work.”
A horse with chronic hives—that only go away after steroid treatment and then come right back again —should be closely evaluated.”
— Dr. Stephen White
2021 LEADING BREEDERS IN CALIFORNIA BY EARNINGS (THRU JULY 25, 2021)
Breeder
Nick Alexander Terry C. Lovingier Reddam Racing, LLC Richard Barton Enterprises George Krikorian Harris Farms Tommy Town Thoroughbreds, LLC Premier Thoroughbreds LLC Old English Rancho Mr. & Mrs. Larry D. Williams Dr. & Mrs. William T. Gray C-Punch Ranch Inc. Thomas W. Bachman Daehling Ranch LLC Alfred A. Pais Gary Barber Tiz Molly Partners Timothy Francis O’Leary J. Kirk Robison & Judy Robison DP Racing Kristin Mulhall Edward C. Allred Madera Thoroughbreds LLC John R. Haagsma & Wesley Ward Liberty Road Stables KMN Racing, LLC William J. Sims Rozamund Barclay BKB Stables LLC Perry Bruno & John Gezon BG Stables Old English Rancho, Sal Berumen & Patsy Berumen George & Mary Clare Schmitt Richard Barton Enterprises & Robert Traynor Red Baron’s Barn & Vaya Con Suerte Legacy Ranch Inc Victory Rose Thoroughbreds, Inc. SLO Racing Stable Ruis Racing Rising Star Farm LLC John Ernst & Allegra Ernst Dahlberg Farms LLC Ed Delaney Hill ‘n’ Dale Equine Holdings, Inc. Benjamin C. Warren Equine Formula 1, LLC/Eric Yohan Knipe Donald Valpredo Moger & Alan Eriksen Bruce Headley Robert Mitchell Dale Mahlum Milt Policzer Rusty & Debi Brown Ray McCanna Ali Nilforushan Karen Headley
Starts Wins Stakes Wins Leading Earner Earnings
234 43 2 Desmond Doss ($198,040) $1,601,300 368 49 3 Fi Fi Pharoah ($189,060) $1,563,323 254 32 0 Hockey Dad ($138,200) $1,410,571 487 60 0 I’ll Do It for You ($115,558) $1,308,813 152 28 2 She’s a Dime ($125,828) $1,079,050 231 35 2 Closing Remarks ($191,000) $1,033,927 306 55 1 Stalking Shadow ($124,956) $975,461 120 23 0 Tigre Di Slugo ($75,070) 129 15 0 Burnin Turf ($81,960) $612,480 $541,651
153 28 0 Ward ‘n Jerry ($86,180) 165 23 0 Joymaker ($82,750) 102 21 1 Sensible Cat ($67,640) $529,544 $495,308 $451,309
92 18 0 Maybe I Will ($59,678) 114 20 0 Gallant Guy ($80,532) 23 5 3 Brickyard Ride ($294,200)
$399,081 $387,123 $387,104 91 21 1 Ready for a Fight ($58,360) $370,091 10 4 3 The Chosen Vron ($234,000) $315,388 81 20 0 Union Dance ($88,012) $305,971 12 4 2 None Above the Law ($181,010) $298,530 96 10 0 Disko Fever ($100,320) $289,388
28 8 0 Hot Box ($90,068)
$284,028 25 6 1 North County Guy ($202,600) $282,879 133 22 0 Real Good Deal ($31,339) $277,014 15 3 3 Brandothebartender ($269,540) $272,475 135 22 0 New Heat ($48,028) $269,692
19 4 2 I’m So Anna ($183,000) 8 4 3 Leggs Galore ($230,500) 133 17 0 Extractor ($33,125) $268,331 $233,229 $221,660
55 8 1 Misty Cat ($64,674)
$208,065 11 6 1 Jimmy Blue Jeans ($199,806) $207,216 113 15 0 Capital Heat ($56,660) $201,073
33 1 1 Acclimate ($180,000) $200,523
107 13 0 Tip Top Gal ($34,946) 75 7 0 Atomic Drop ($42,700) 12 4 0 Harper’s Gallop ($75,240) 72 11 0 Gypsy Blu ($67,240) 88 15 0 Proof of Jazz ($29,500) $198,779 $195,016 $193,580 $186,610 $174,695
32 5 0 Bella D ($60,540) 31 3 0 Winhappy ($39,900) 30 3 1 Capo Kane ($115,500) 51 7 0 Sassyserb ($49,140) 39 6 0 Sapphire Kid ($80,380) 30 6 0 Coast of Roan ($98,094) $174,454 $169,660 $166,417 $166,277 $166,118 $165,816
25 4 1 Bella Vita ($134,794)
$162,412 5 1 1 Warren’s Showtime ($146,000) $146,000 80 3 0 Bananas On Fire ($46,640) $144,066 52 6 0 Unbridled Ethos ($49,640) $142,998 43 5 0 Amazen Grazen ($71,346) $136,401
28 3 0 Ground Attack ($52,390) $136,346
6 2 0 Colt Fiction ($133,012) $133,012
19 6 1 Ima Happy Cat ($55,424) 22 3 0 Cargo ($51,060) 28 7 0 Mister Bold ($71,430) $128,594 $128,473 $123,790
12 4 0 Shadrack ($90,390) $123,600
6 2 0 That’s Amare ($60,180) $121,680
2021 LEADING SIRES IN CALIFORNIA BY AVERAGE EARNINGS PER RUNNER
(MINIMUM 10 RUNNERS)
Sire Races
Earnings/ Rnrs Won Earned Runner
1 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon 10 6 $272,736 $27,274 2 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 48 29 $1,257,412 $26,196 3 Majestic Harbor, 2008, by Rockport Harbor 11 5 $280,536 $25,503 4 James Street, 2007, by El Prado (IRE) 15 9 $360,263 $24,018 5 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 85 57 $1,947,374 $22,910 6 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 52 35 $1,168,488 $22,471 7 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 43 24 $953,629 $22,177 8 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 65 36 $1,381,580 $21,255 9 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 80 43 $1,602,382 $20,030 10 Time to Get Even, 2004, by Stephen Got Even 13 12 $254,502 $19,577 11 Unionize, 2006, by Dixie Union 13 20 $245,142 $18,857 12 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 53 44 $996,477 $18,801 13 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 76 69 $1,354,222 $17,819 14 Bold Chieftain, 2003, by Chief Seattle 18 18 $319,200 $17,733 15 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 92 75 $1,631,226 $17,731 16 Boat Trip, 2009, by Harlan’s Holiday 10 9 $177,141 $17,714 17 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 30 16 $525,028 $17,501 18 Many Rivers, 2005, by Storm Cat 14 13 $235,641 $16,832 19 Phantom Wildcat, 2005, by Forest Wildcat 15 11 $249,073 $16,605 20 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 107 74 $1,759,995 $16,449
2021 LEADING TURF SIRES IN CALIFORNIA
(MINIMUM 50 STARTS)
Sire Rnrs Strts Wnrs Wins Earned
1 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 44 113 10 13 $695,538 2 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 23 58 8 10 $621,697 3 †Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 30 69 10 10 $579,764 4 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 41 76 10 10 $574,615 5 Sir Prancealot (IRE), 2010, by Tamayuz (GB) 80 277 24 30 $518,145 6 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 27 65 4 6 $488,839 7 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 28 56 5 6 $396,036 8 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 29 55 6 7 $321,912 9 James Street, 2007, by El Prado (IRE) 7 14 2 5 $279,094 10 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 26 47 6 6 $249,848 11 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 17 33 5 6 $220,648 12 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 18 47 2 2 $215,009 13 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 12 22 3 5 $161,682 14 Champ Pegasus, 2006, by Fusaichi Pegasus 13 31 2 3 $145,660 15 Lakerville, 2008, by Unusual Heat 12 29 1 2 $144,690 16 Circumference (IRE), 2012, by Galileo (IRE) 8 21 3 3 $138,763 17 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 15 31 3 3 $125,733 18 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 22 42 1 1 $124,722 19 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 11 21 3 4 $113,106 20 Tom’s Tribute, 2010, by Lion Heart 8 13 1 3 $108,940
2021 LEADING SIRES IN CALIFORNIA BY MONEY WON
Sire Races Rnrs Strts Won Earned
1 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 194 1098 120 $2,458,286 2 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 166 671 96 $2,431,287 3 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 85 321 57 $1,947,374 4 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 107 452 74 $1,759,995 5 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 92 374 75 $1,631,226 6 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 80 348 43 $1,602,382 7 † Vronsky,1999, by Danzig 65 273 36 $1,381,580 8 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 76 366 69 $1,354,222 9 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 48 205 29 $1,257,412 10 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 52 198 35 $1,168,488 11 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 53 245 44 $996,477 12 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 43 149 24 $953,629 13 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 75 310 35 $872,626 14 Sir Prancealot (IRE), 2010, by Tamayuz (GB) 91 420 47 $712,396 15 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 30 126 16 $525,028 16 Champ Pegasus, 2006, by Fusaichi Pegasus 57 273 28 $489,482 17 Empire Way, 2009, by Empire Maker 54 211 25 $417,348 18 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 29 110 17 $396,836 19 Misremembered, 2006, by Candy Ride (ARG) 35 139 16 $394,260 20 U S Ranger, 2004, by Danzig 46 238 35 $367,734 21 James Street, 2007, by El Prado (IRE) 15 56 9 $360,263 22 Curlin to Mischief, 2011, by Curlin 25 96 11 $347,089 23 Cyclotron, 2000, by Grand Slam 24 115 18 $346,139 24 Bold Chieftain, 2003, by Chief Seattle 18 112 18 $319,200 25 Lakerville, 2008, by Unusual Heat 29 133 14 $315,694 26 Elusive Warning, 2004, by Elusive Quality 23 135 26 $296,855 27 Idiot Proof, 2004, by Benchmark 20 84 13 $285,173 28 Majestic Harbor, 2008, by Rockport Harbor 11 38 5 $280,536 29 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon 10 22 6 $272,736 30 Tom’s Tribute, 2010, by Lion Heart 18 98 12 $268,212 31 Southern Image, 2000, by Halo’s Image 21 119 12 $259,068 32 Time to Get Even, 2004, by Stephen Got Even 13 56 12 $254,502 33 Anthony’s Cross, 2008, by Indian Charlie 18 75 13 $250,406 34 Phantom Wildcat, 2005, by Forest Wildcat 15 64 11 $249,073 35 Unionize, 2006, by Dixie Union 13 70 20 $245,142 36 Northern Causeway, 2008, by Giant’s Causeway 33 153 19 $242,280 37 Many Rivers, 2005, by Storm Cat 14 68 13 $235,641 38 Surf Cat, 2002, by Sir Cat 17 66 8 $233,369 39 Govenor Charlie,2010, by Midnight Lute 18 100 9 $225,937 40 Kafwain, 2000, by Cherokee Run 22 79 16 $223,210 41 Smart Bid, 2006, by Smart Strike 27 92 6 $219,916 42 Desert Code, 2004, by E Dubai 26 101 14 $207,613 43 Suances (GB),1997, by Most Welcome (GB) 6 28 6 $194,748 44 Boat Trip, 2009, by Harlan’s Holiday 10 59 9 $177,141 45 Eddington, 2001, by Unbridled 19 89 12 $177,124 46 Circumference (IRE), 2012, by Galileo (IRE) 15 54 5 $173,181 47 Gervinho, 2010, by Unusual Heat 18 80 6 $169,031 48 Rousing Sermon ,2009, by Lucky Pulpit 13 50 12 $160,898
The statistics shown here are compiled by The Jockey Club Information Systems (TJCIS). While every effort is made to prevent errors and omissions, California Thoroughbred cannot guarantee their complete and total accuracy. A dagger (†) indicates a stallion that has been pensioned or has died, a dot (•) that he is now standing elsewhere (sires no longer standing in California remain on these lists until their last Cal-bred crop turns 3 years old). Freshman sires are highlighted in bold text. Earnings are from Northern Hemisphere racing and include adjusted money from Japan, Hong Kong, and Singapore. Adjusted earnings are put on par with average North American earnings from the previous year. The average North American purse in 2018 was $23,755 or 50% of the average purse in Japan. To put earnings on par, Japanese earnings are multiplied by 50% before being applied to the total earnings above. Hong Kong earnings are adjusted by 15%, and Singapore adjusted by 66%. Stakes winners and wins follow TJCIS stakes rules. Racing statistics through July 25, 2021.
2021 LEADING SIRES IN CALIFORNIA BY MEDIAN EARNINGS PER RUNNER
(MINIMUM 10 RUNNERS)
Sire
Races Rnrs Won Earned Median
1 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon 10 6 $272,736 $24,850 2 Bold Chieftain, 2003, by Chief Seattle 18 18 $319,200 $16,168 3 Boat Trip, 2009, by Harlan’s Holiday 10 9 $177,141 $14,246 4 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 80 43 $1,602,382 $12,650 5 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 85 57 $1,947,374 $12,200 6 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 52 35 $1,168,488 $11,480 7 Unionize, 2006, by Dixie Union 13 20 $245,142 $11,064 8 Southern Image, 2000, by Halo’s Image 21 12 $259,068 $10,930 9 Elusive Warning, 2004, by Elusive Quality 23 26 $296,855 $10,884 10 Surf Cat, 2002, by Sir Cat 17 8 $233,369 $10,710 11 Phantom Wildcat, 2005, by Forest Wildcat 15 11 $249,073 $10,374 12 Majestic Harbor, 2008, by Rockport Harbor 11 5 $280,536 $10,185 13 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 107 74 $1,759,995 $9,530 14 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 48 29 $1,257,412 $9,248 15 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 76 69 $1,354,222 $8,935 16 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 30 16 $525,028 $8,620 17 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 65 36 $1,381,580 $8,400 18 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 92 75 $1,631,226 $8,221 19 Time to Get Even, 2004, by Stephen Got Even 13 12 $254,502 $8,129 20 Many Rivers, 2005, by Storm Cat 14 13 $235,641 $7,767 21 Eddington, 2001, by Unbridled 19 12 $177,124 $7,300
2021 LEADING SIRES IN CALIFORNIA BY AVERAGE EARNINGS PER START
(MINIMUM 100 STARTS)
Sire Earnings Rnrs Srts Earned Start
1 James Street, 2007, by El Prado (IRE) 15 56 $360,263 $6,433 2 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 43 149 $953,629 $6,400 3 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 48 205 $1,257,412 $6,134 4 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 85 321 $1,947,374 $6,067 5 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 52 198 $1,168,488 $5,901 6 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 65 273 $1,381,580 $5,061 7 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 80 348 $1,602,382 $4,605 8 Time to Get Even, 2004, by Stephen Got Even 13 56 $254,502 $4,545 9 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 92 374 $1,631,226 $4,362 10 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 30 126 $525,028 $4,167 11 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 53 245 $996,477 $4,067 12 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 107 452 $1,759,995 $3,894 13 Phantom Wildcat, 2005, by Forest Wildcat 15 64 $249,073 $3,892 14 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 76 366 $1,354,222 $3,700 15 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 166 671 $2,431,287 $3,623 16 Curlin to Mischief, 2011, by Curlin 25 96 $347,089 $3,616 17 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 29 110 $396,836 $3,608 18 Surf Cat, 2002, by Sir Cat 17 66 $233,369 $3,536 19 Unionize, 2006, by Dixie Union 13 70 $245,142 $3,502 20 Many Rivers, 2005, by Storm Cat 14 68 $235,641 $3,465
2021 LEADING SIRES IN CALIFORNIA BY NUMBER OF WINNERS
Sire Races Rnrs Wnrs Won Earned
1 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 194 80 120 $2,458,286 2 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 166 67 96 $2,431,287 3 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 107 49 74 $1,759,995 4 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 92 41 75 $1,631,226 5 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 85 39 57 $1,947,374 6 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 76 38 69 $1,354,222 7 Sir Prancealot (IRE), 2010, by Tamayuz (GB) 91 34 47 $712,396 8 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 80 29 43 $1,602,382 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 65 29 36 $1,381,580 10 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 53 27 44 $996,477 11 Champ Pegasus, 2006, by Fusaichi Pegasus 57 25 28 $489,482 12 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 52 23 35 $1,168,488 13 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 75 22 35 $872,626 14 U S Ranger, 2004, by Danzig 46 21 35 $367,734 15 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 48 19 29 $1,257,412 Empire Way, 2009, by Empire Maker 54 19 25 $417,348 17 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 43 18 24 $953,629 18 Elusive Warning, 2004, by Elusive Quality 23 15 26 $296,855 19 Northern Causeway, 2008, by Giant’s Causeway 33 14 19 $242,280 20 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 29 12 17 $396,836 21 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 30 11 16 $525,028 Misremembered, 2006, by Candy Ride (ARG) 35 11 16 $394,260
2021 LEADING SIRES IN CALIFORNIA BY NUMBER OF RACES WON
Sire Races Rnrs Srts Won Earned
1 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 194 1098 120 $2,458,286 2 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 166 671 96 $2,431,287 3 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 92 374 75 $1,631,226 4 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 107 452 74 $1,759,995 5 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 76 366 69 $1,354,222 6 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark 85 321 57 $1,947,374 7 Sir Prancealot (IRE), 2010, by Tamayuz (GB) 91 420 47 $712,396 8 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 53 245 44 $996,477 9 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike 80 348 43 $1,602,382 10 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 65 273 36 $1,381,580 11 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 52 198 35 $1,168,488 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 75 310 35 $872,626 U S Ranger, 2004, by Danzig 46 238 35 $367,734 14 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 48 205 29 $1,257,412 15 Champ Pegasus, 2006, by Fusaichi Pegasus 57 273 28 $489,482 16 Elusive Warning, 2004, by Elusive Quality 23 135 26 $296,855 17 Empire Way, 2009, by Empire Maker 54 211 25 $417,348 18 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 43 149 24 $953,629 19 Unionize, 2006, by Dixie Union 13 70 20 $245,142 20 Northern Causeway, 2008, by Giant’s Causeway 33 153 19 $242,280
2021 LEADING LIFETIME SIRES IN CALIFORNIA
(50 OR MORE NAMED FOALS)
Stallion (Foreign Foaled), Year, Sire Graded
Avg Named 2YO Stakes Stakes Progeny
Comp Crops Size Foals Runners Winners Winners Winners Winners Earnings AEI Index
1 Stanford, 2012, by Malibu Moon 2 Grazen, 2006, by Benchmark
1 64 64 10-16% 6-9% 6-9% 0-0% 0-0% $272,736 1.57 1.05 9 26 231 157-68% 102-44% 19-8% 13-6% 3-1% $11,642,069 1.52 1.08
3 † Square Eddie, 2006, by Smart Strike
9 28 256 217-85% 170-66% 61-24% 18-7% 3-1% $19,859,238 1.49 1.15 4 Mr. Big, 2003, by Dynaformer 8 17 139 69-50% 39-28% 10-7% 5-4% 1-1% $3,862,291 1.44 0.93 5 Clubhouse Ride, 2008, by Candy Ride (ARG) 4 28 110 65-59% 42-38% 17-15% 3-3% 2-2% $3,837,857 1.43 0.91 6 Sir Prancealot (IRE), 2010, by Tamayuz (GB) 5 55 277 246-89% 158-57% 87-31% 10-4% 5-2% $11,525,675 1.28 0.92 7 † Vronsky, 1999, by Danzig 14 23 328 227-69% 156-48% 29-9% 12-4% 4-1% $16,449,704 1.22 1.04 8 Stay Thirsty, 2008, by Bernardini 6 67 401 322-80% 222-55% 72-18% 14-3% 3-1% $21,298,421 1.21 1.34 9 • Bluegrass Cat, 2003, by Storm Cat 12 66 790 612-77% 446-56% 125-16% 36-5% 6-1% $46,986,164 1.17 1.52 10 Eddington, 2001, by Unbridled 13 36 471 356-76% 259-55% 60-13% 12-3% 3-1% $22,392,312 1.13 1.34 11 Idiot Proof, 2004, by Benchmark 9 14 127 70-55% 49-39% 18-14% 2-2% 0-0% $3,563,676 1.11 0.91 12 Richard’s Kid, 2005, by Lemon Drop Kid 5 17 84 42-50% 30-36% 6-7% 0-0% 0-0% $2,518,537 1.09 0.94 13 Smiling Tiger, 2007, by Hold That Tiger 5 52 259 167-64% 102-39% 28-11% 9-3% 1-0% $8,767,118 1.07 1.00 Street Hero, 2006, by Street Cry (IRE) 7 27 186 141-76% 103-55% 20-11% 7-4% 3-2% $8,651,572 1.07 0.97 15 Jersey Town, 2006, by Speightstown 6 34 202 137-68% 103-51% 29-14% 6-3% 2-1% $7,588,053 1.05 1.06 16 Southern Image, 2000, by Halo’s Image 13 26 336 264-79% 193-57% 51-15% 7-2% 1-0% $15,662,533 1.01 1.10 17 Acclamation, 2006, by Unusual Heat 6 29 174 112-64% 70-40% 10-6% 3-2% 1-1% $5,059,772 1.00 1.19 18 I’ll Have Another, 2009, by Flower Alley 6 64 383 378-99% 262-68% 61-16% 3-1% 1-0% $37,063,753 0.99 1.10 19 Cyclotron, 2000, by Grand Slam 12 13 158 104-66% 81-51% 1-1% 3-2% 1-1% $6,009,613 0.97 1.10 Kafwain, 2000, by Cherokee Run 14 47 651 473-73% 349-54% 99-15% 18-3% 6-1% $22,513,238 0.97 1.17 Misremembered, 2006, by Candy Ride (ARG) 7 21 148 102-69% 65-44% 15-10% 6-4% 0-0% $5,645,222 0.97 1.12 22 † Atticus, 1992, by Nureyev 21 24 502 376-75% 232-46% 46-9% 11-2% 4-1% $15,658,678 0.96 1.33 † Tizbud, 1999, by Cee’s Tizzy 14 16 228 160-70% 99-43% 16-7% 7-3% 2-1% $8,143,959 0.96 0.85 24 Affrmative, 1999, by Unbridled 12 10 125 82-66% 51-41% 6-5% 2-2% 1-1% $4,409,427 0.94 0.76 Ministers Wild Cat, 2000, by Deputy Minister 13 40 523 419-80% 315-60% 79-15% 21-4% 2-0% $23,414,285 0.94 0.88 Trapper, 2000, by Iron Cat 11 5 56 44-79% 33-59% 13-23% 1-2% 0-0% $2,266,513 0.94 0.76 27 Bedford Falls, 2003, by Forestry 8 7 53 38-72% 25-47% 4-8% 1-2% 0-0% $2,443,826 0.93 0.87 28 Anthony’s Cross, 2008, by Indian Charlie 5 11 57 37-65% 23-40% 5-9% 2-4% 0-0% $1,472,187 0.91 0.91 Graydar, 2009, by Unbridled’s Song 5 61 303 232-77% 154-51% 48-16% 7-2% 1-0% $11,355,009 0.91 1.38 30 Slew’s Tiznow, 2005, by Tiznow 7 23 162 98-60% 73-45% 21-13% 6-4% 1-1% $4,600,336 0.89 0.96 31 Lightnin N Thunder, 2001, by Storm Cat 15 14 214 145-68% 96-45% 27-13% 6-3% 0-0% $5,882,815 0.83 1.04 32 Curlin to Mischief, 2011, by Curlin 3 34 102 35-34% 17-17% 10-10% 2-2% 0-0% $833,745 0.82 0.85 Desert Code, 2004, by E Dubai 9 19 174 132-76% 92-53% 20-11% 4-2% 0-0% $6,386,956 0.82 0.98 Sea of Secrets, 1995, by Storm Cat 17 29 488 411-84% 297-61% 81-17% 16-3% 2-0% $19,766,399 0.82 1.03 Time to Get Even, 2004, by Stephen Got Even 9 10 87 64-74% 41-47% 17-20% 1-1% 0-0% $3,131,642 0.82 0.71 36 James Street, 2007, by El Prado (IRE) 5 12 58 25-43% 11-19% 2-3% 1-2% 0-0% $758,379 0.81 0.81 37 Surf Cat, 2002, by Sir Cat 10 14 135 87-64% 59-44% 7-5% 2-1% 2-1% $4,270,699 0.80 1.11 38 Bold Chieftain, 2003, by Chief Seattle 7 13 90 53-59% 41-46% 7-8% 1-1% 0-0% $2,683,831 0.77 0.88 39 Marino Marini, 2000, by Storm Cat 13 30 389 304-78% 228-59% 41-11% 4-1% 0-0% $13,133,245 0.74 0.91 40 Tannersmyman, 1998, by Lord Carson 16 11 181 138-76% 95-52% 24-13% 3-2% 1-1% $6,114,435 0.73 0.69 41 Circumference (IRE), 2012, by Galileo (IRE) 3 19 57 17-30% 6-11% 0-0% 0-0% 0-0% $391,037 0.72 0.80 Grace Upon Grace, 2007, by Rio Verde 8 7 58 41-71% 20-34% 9-16% 1-2% 0-0% $1,405,979 0.72 0.89 43 Fullbridled, 2001, by Unbridled’s Song 11 8 85 45-53% 28-33% 2-2% 0-0% 0-0% $1,417,647 0.69 0.84 44 Govenor Charlie, 2010, by Midnight Lute 3 20 61 34-56% 16-26% 10-16% 1-2% 0-0% $780,936 0.67 0.76 Lakerville, 2008, by Unusual Heat 4 18 70 42-60% 20-29% 3-4% 1-1% 0-0% $1,129,097 0.67 1.24 46 Golden Balls (IRE), 2004, by Danehill Dancer (IRE) 8 8 63 44-70% 23-37% 2-3% 0-0% 0-0% $1,310,885 0.66 0.70 47 Onebadshark, 2000, by Diligence 13 4 53 41-77% 31-58% 6-11% 1-2% 0-0% $1,430,337 0.65 1.01 48 Mast Track, 2004, by Mizzen Mast 7 8 59 46-78% 31-53% 6-10% 0-0% 0-0% $1,594,260 0.64 0.85
These statistics are for active California-based sires with a minimum of 50 foals of racing age, ranked here by their lifetime Average Earnings Index (AEI.) The statistics shown here are compiled by The Jockey Club Information Systems (TJCIS). While every effort is made to prevent errors and omissions, California Thoroughbred cannot guarantee their complete and total accuracy. A dagger (†) indicates a stallion that has been pensioned or has died, a dot (•) that he is now standing elsewhere (sires no longer standing in California remain on these lists until their last Cal-bred crop turns 3 years old). Freshman sires are highlighted in bold text.. Statistics cover racing in North America (U.S., Canada and Puerto Rico), England, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) only. Stakes winners and wins follow TJCIS stakes rules.
Percentages are based upon number of named foals of racing age.
2021
REGIONAL RACE MEETINGS
Del Mar Thoroughbred Club, Del Mar July 16-Sept. 6
California State Fair (Cal Expo), Golden Gate Fields July 23-Aug. 1
Sonoma County Fair (Santa Rosa), Golden Gate Fields Aug. 4-17
Humboldt County Fair, Ferndale Aug. 20-29
Golden Gate Fields, Berkeley Aug. 25-Oct. 5
Los Angeles County Fair at Los Alamitos, Los Alamitos Sept. 10-26
Santa Anita Park, Arcadia Oct. 1-31
Big Fresno Fair, Fresno
Golden Gate Fields, Berkeley
Del Mar Thoroughbred Club, Del Mar
Los Alamitos Race Course, Los Alamitos Oct. 7-17
Oct. 20-Dec. 21
Nov. 3-30
Dec. 1-14
2021
REGIONAL SALE DATES
AUGUST 10
CTBA NORTHERN CALIFORNIA YEARLING & HORSES OF RACING AGE SALE Pleasanton, Calif.
(ENTRIES CLOSED JUNE 1)
SEPTEMBER 28
FASIG-TIPTON FALL YEARLINGS Pomona, Calif.
(ENTRIES CLOSED JULY 1)
California-Bred/California-Sired STAKES RACES
AUGUST – SEPTEMBER
DEL MAR
T H U R S DAY, AU G . 5 $100,000 CTBA Stakes
Two-Year-Old Fillies 51∕2 furlongs
S U N DAY, AU G . 8 $100,000 Graduation Stakes
Two-Year-Olds 51∕2 furlongs
S U N DAY, AU G . 15 $150,000 Solana Beach Stakes
T ree-Year-Olds & Up, Fillies and Mares 1 mile (Turf )
F R I DAY, S E P T. 3 $100,000 Generous Portion Stakes
Two-Year-Old Fillies 6 furlongs
SAT U R DAY, S E P T. 4 $100,000 I’m Smokin Stakes
Two-Year-Olds 6 furlongs
LOS ALAMITOS
S U N DAY, S E P T. 12 $75,000 E.B. Johnston Stakes
3-Year-Olds & Up 1 mile
AUGUST/SEPTEMBER
2021 REGIONAL STAKES RACES
AUGUST
SEPTEMBER
Date Track Stakes (Grade) Conditions Distance Added Value
1 Dmr Clement L. Hirsch Stakes (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 1 1⁄16 m.
5 Dmr CTBA Stakes 2-y-o f., Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 5 1⁄2 f. $300,000 $100,000
6 Dmr Sorrento Stakes (Gr. II)
2-y-o f. 7 Dmr Yellow Ribbon Handicap (Gr. II) 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 7 Dmr Best Pal Stakes (Gr. II) 2-y-o
8 Dmr La Jolla Stakes (Gr. III) 3-y-o 6 f.
$200,000 1 1⁄16 m. (T) $200,000 6 f. $200,000 1 1⁄16 m. (T) $150,000
8 Dmr Graduation Stakes 14 Dmr CTT & TOC Stakes
15 Dmr Solana Beach Stakes 2-y-o, Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 3-y-o & up, f. & m.
51⁄2 f. 1 3⁄8 m. (T) 3-y-o & up, f. & m., Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired1 m. (T) $100,000 $80,000 $150,000
20 Dmr Rancho Bernardo Handicap (Gr. III) 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 21 Dmr TVG Pacifc Classic (Gr. I) 21 Dmr Del Mar Oaks (Gr. I) 3-y-o & up 3-y-o f. 6 1⁄2 f. 1 1⁄4 m.
$100,000 $750,000 1 1⁄8 m. (T) $300,000
21 Dmr Del Mar Mile (Gr. II) 21 Dmr Del Mar Handicap (Gr. II) 21 Dmr Torrey Pines Stakes (Gr. III) 3-y-o & up 3-y-o & up 3-y-o f. 1 m. (T)
$300,000 1 3⁄8 m. (T) $300,000 1 m. $100,000
21 Dmr Green Flash Handicap (Gr. III) 27 Dmr Tranquility Lake Stakes 28 Dmr Pat O’Brien Stakes (Gr. II) 29 Dmr Shared Belief Stakes 3-y-o & up 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 3-y-o & up 3-y-o 5 f. (T) 1 m.
7 f.
1 m. $100,000 $80,000 $200,000 $100,000
29 Fer C.J. Hindley Humboldt County Marathon 3-y-o & up 1 5⁄8 m.
3 Dmr Generous Portion Stakes 2-y-o f., Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 6 f.
$20,000 $100,000
4 Dmr John C. Mabee Stakes (Gr. II) 4 Dmr Del Mar Derby (Gr. II) 3-y-o & up, f. & m. 3-y-o 1 1⁄8 m. (T) $200,000 1 1⁄8 m. (T) $200,000
4 Dmr I’m Smokin Stakes 5 Dmr Del Mar Debutante (Gr. I) 5 Dmr Del Mar Juvenile Turf
2-y-o, Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 2-y-o f. 2-y-o 6 Dmr Runhappy Del Mar Futurity (Gr. I) 2-y-o 6 GGF Rolling Green Stakes 11 LA Beverly J. Lewis Stakes 3-y-o & up 3-y-o f. 6 f. $100,000
7 f. $300,000
1 m. (T) $100,000
7 f.
$300,000 1 1⁄16 m. (T) $50,000 6 f. $75,000
12 LA E.B. Johnston Stakes 18 LA Capote Stakes 19 LA Los Alamitos Special 25 LA Phone Chatter Stakes 3-y-o & up, Cal-Bred/Cal-Sired 1 m. 2-y-o 6 1⁄2 f.
3-y-o & up 2-y-o f. 1 1⁄16 m. 6 1⁄2 f. $75,000 $75,000 $100,000 $75,000
Advertising Index
NOTE: Inside Back Cover, IBC; Outside Back Cover, OBC; Inside Front Cover, IFC This index is provided as a service. The publisher does not assume liability for errors or ommissions. (Bold fgures indicate a page that features a stallion)
A D V E RT I S E R S
Arizona Thoroughbred Breeders Assoc. Fall Sale ......11 Arroyo Vista ....................................................................15 Auburn Laboratories Inc. ..............................................13 Backyard Race Horse.....................................................45 Bella Equine-Amanda Navarro .....................................45 BG Thoroughbred Farm..................................................7 Compas (Jeannie Garr Roddy) .....................................45 CTBA 2021 Northern California Yearling Sale .............19 CTBA Website................................................................12 Daehling Ranch..............................................................44 Eddie Rich - Thoroughbred Trainer..............................44 Equine Equiment ...........................................................10 Equineline.com ..............................................................29 Farmers Insurance-Sue Hubbard..................................45 Gayle Van Leer Thoroughbred Services ......................45 Golden State Stakes......................................................17 Harris Farms ................................................................. IFC horselawyers.com ..........................................................45 Laurel Fowler Insurance Broker Inc ..............................45 Lovacres Ranch ......................................................... OBC Martin Racing ...............................................................IBC Newfeld Farm................................................................45 Northern California Stallion Tour..................................21 NTRA- John Deere ........................................................25 Rancho Temescal .............................................................9 Red Cliffs Racing, Inc.....................................................44 Robins Ranches-Nor Cal Horse Property Specialist ..44 Tommy Town Thoroughbreds.........................................5 WTBOA Summer Yearling & Mixed Sale ......................8
S TA L L I O N S
California Chrome............................................... IBC Capital Account ...............................................................7 Fighting Hussar................................................................7 Gato Del Oro (KY)............................................................7 Govenor Charlie........................................................ OBC Grace Upon Grace.................................................... OBC Kafwain .............................................................................5 King Of Jazz (ARG) ..........................................................7 Majestic Harbor .................................................. IFC Ministers Wild Cat ...........................................................5 Mr.Big .................................................................... 9 Originaire (IRE).................................................................7 Oscar Nominated ............................................................7 Phantom Boss ........................................................... OBC Smokem..................................................................... OBC Stanford................................................................. 5 Stay Thirsty....................................................... OBC Texas Ryano ......................................................... 15 Unusual Heatwave ...........................................................7
