FEBRURARY 2021
Vol 1 Issue 1
NEWSLETTER
INK ON INC. inc. society
BY THE INC TEAM
To be honest, this has been a long time in the writing, especially because of disruptions due to the coronavirus. Our first meeting was on Tuesday the 8th of December, and it was quite successful. We had a decent turn out from 4th years, but also keen participants from the lower years. We thought a newsletter would be the best way to share topics we've discussed and future projects, as well as bring light to injustices around the world.
CONTENTS SURVEY RESULTS IMPORTANT TOPICS DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
2 3-6 8-10
FUTURE PROJECTS
11
GET INVOLVED
12
Disclaimer: This isn't us telling you, "Do this!" and, "Don't do that!" because that's annoying and not why we created this society. It's just spreading awareness about topics; giving advice on how to handle situations and being more aware about differences in culture etc. You don't have to agree with everything we say!
FEBRUARY 2021
Vol 1 Issue 1
UK Jamaica SURVEY RESULTS Nigeria Zimbabwe Following the short assembly we delivered at the end of November, some Malawi 200 pupils helped us to fill out a survey giving details of their background. Lebanon To the left is the list of the 47 countries we found out that people are from. USA The results were really interesting and highlight the diversity of our Bosnia community. Of course, the most common answer was England/Britain, but Slovakia there were many responses from Europe to Asia and Africa to the Middle Barbados East. Sri Lanka China Below is the map that shows where people in our school originate from. India Italy South Africa Bangladesh Ireland Kenya Pakistan Tanzania Rwanda Burundi Uganda Ethiopia Hong Kong Cameroon Iraq Albania The map below shows the countries people wanted to visit: Japan Norway Lithuania France Turkey Canada Sweden Germany Egypt Spain Mongolia Sierra Leone Greece Eritrea Guyana Ghana Poland Portugal Fiji Russia
FEBRUARY 2021
Vol 1 Issue 1
BHARAT BANDH
Why is the Punjabi community all around the world protesting right now? If you didn’t already know, the majority of the population in Punjab includes the families who continue India’s faming tradition. On September 27th, 2020 the Indian government passed three laws affecting the farmers across the country. These new ordinances give private corporations a chance to control the agricultural market of India. This privatization will result in removing the minimal support price which farmers now receive. Farmers not only bring up the issue of the MSP being destroyed but also argue the new system will crush the small and marginal farmers who are just about surviving. The farmers worry that once the private grain markets are made final the traditional market for grain will be left in the past. The privatization also means that once the state mandis (modern grain market) and government do not have to pay, private players will be able to create their own prices for their own benefit, and the government will no longer be responsible for the regulating prices.
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The biggest fear for farmers is that if they lose MSP, farming makes no profit, and they will not be able to survive. Some say that the private market will take advantage of the new laws to exploit many farmers, as there is no limit to how much grain the companies can hoard or stockpile. This means they have complete control of how much they pay the farmer for the produce which they have grown. What is happening now in India is not based on assumptions either; farmers have faced difficulties in the past too, however now they are all in a critical situation. Poor farmers with little land who can easily be exploited by private firms on their own terms are especially vulnerable. Since November 26th, thousands of farmers have marched to Delhi to protest for their livelihoods and families who are facing these unjust regulations. The old farmers are peacefully protesting for their culture, jobs, survival and their rights, but the Indian police are beating them and firing tear gas at them. Over the past four years, some farmers have committed suicide due to farm debt; 97% of these live in Malwa in the Punjab. These local farmers own small plots of land and because farming has become so difficult and they have felt so trapped, they have felt the need to take their own lives. Across the world, 250 million people have participated in this protest, making it the largest protest in human history, The farmers are India are doing whatever they can to fight for what they have. - Kiran Bharaj, 4NDG
FEBRUARY 2021
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CHINA
I'm sure many of you have heard of the Uighurs in China, but may not know much about their plight. Ethnically, the Uighurs or Uyghurs are Turkic Muslims, living mostly in Xinjiang in Western China. They number around eleven million. They speak a language similar to Turkish; culturally and ethically they identify closely with Central Asian nations. In more recent times, however, a mass migration of the majority Han Chinese, (90% of China's ethnic population), have seen the Uighurs' culture and livelihood threatened. It was in 2018 that a UN committee learned that there was credible evidence to suggest that China had "turned the Uighur autonomous region something that resembles a massive internment camp." An internment camp is a prison where people are imprisoned for for political reasons, not because they have done anything wrong.
In the case of the Uighurs, people with relatives in 26 "sensitive" countries were being rounded up. These sensitive countries included Indonesia, Turkey and Kazakhstan. According to the HRW (Humans Right Watch), those who contacted people abroad via WhatsApp were also targeted. According to HRW, the Uighurs in particular are subject to surveillance, including facial recognition cameras, QR codes on peoples' doors, and people are (reportedly) made to have bio metric tests. Over 1 million Uighurs have been imprisoned since 2017. In the same year, the Xinjiang government passed laws saying that men could not grow long beards, and women could not wear veils. Dozens of mosques were also torn down. China said that they are dealing with a threat from Islamic groups, and whilst it is true that some Uighur Muslims have joined the IS militant group, human rights groups argue that most of the violence is as a result of oppression. The media are banned from Xinjiang, so getting primary reports is very hard. The BBC, however, did manage to gain satellite images that show at least 44 high-tech security buildings, which are reported to have been erected in recent years, and it is now confirmed that there are at least 85 identified camps within Xinjiang. One man who had been released from detention in 2015 said that prisoners would be woken up before dawn and then made to recite laws and sing songs, one of which was titled "Without the Communist party there can be no new China". Another former prisoner who was allowed to leave for another country, said that they wouldn't let him sleep and he suffered many forms of torture, some of which are listed in the BBC article on the links page. In 2018, China denied claims that there were millions of Uighurs in internment camps, but after satellite images had been released admitted that some people in Xinjiang are undergoing "vocational training", and said that they are facing the three evil forces of terrorism, extremism and separatism. They called these "re-education centres" for Uighurs. China say that these are needed because the Uighurs are a threat to society, "backed up" by incidents in 2013 and 2014 which Uighur militant groups took responsibility for. -Beth Akinkoye, 4RAW
FEBRURARY 2021
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POLAND
At the moment, LGBTQ+ rights in Poland are at risk. Dozens of towns have declared themselves “LGBTQ Free Zones” and people’s freedoms have been threatened. Around 100 districts and towns across Poland (approximately one third of the country) have been encouraging people to take action against the LGBTQ+ community in Poland. This means that people have to choose between facing discrimination and abuse, emigration or fighting back. This news is surprising, as Poland was one of the first European countries to decriminalise homosexuality in 1932, decades before many others. Now in Poland, there is state-sanctioned homophobia and a lot of anti-LGBTQ riots are held. Even senior politicians and religious figures are anti-LGBT. When President Andrzej Duda was campaigning for re-election, he called LGBTQ+ activism “even more destructive” than communism. The Archbishop of Krakow recently warned the church and its followers of a neo-Marxist “rainbow plague”. LGBTQ+ Poles face physical and mental abuse from not only the general public, but also people around them. People have been kicked out of their homes, forced to move away from relatives, or even forced out of the country. So what exactly can we do to help? There are many petitions you can sign on change.org and below is a link to a petition that is being sent to Ursula von der Leyen, the European Commission President. It may seem as if there isn't much that we can do because of the pandemic, but just by signing petitions and spreading the message we can help a lot. More recently, there was an abortion ban implemented in Poland. On January 30th, the third consecutive protest was held. There had already been protests against when the ban was proposed last year. The ban prohibits abortion unless the pregnancy is as a result of rape or incest or the mother's life is at risk. The protesters have broken COVID restrictions and braved freezing temperatures to oppose the ban. In Warsaw, protesters marched through the streets, chanting "Freedom, Equality, Abortion on demand." Many signs read "My government is killing me" and "The revolution has a uterus". The Polish Government, which is conservative, has strong ties to the country's Catholic Church and the support of the Polish Constitutional Court. The court justifies their ruling upholding the ban, by reasoning that "the unborn baby is a human being" and should therefore receive protection under the Polish constitution. A lot of Poles are angered at the way the ruling was delivered, with no public or parliamentary debate held, especially as the majority of Poles opposed a stricter ban on abortion. - Alice Bradley, 4ASC
FEBRUARY 2021
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BELARUS
Bloody protests met with police batons and violence, illegal detainment, hunger strikes, terror, censorship and political leaders lying through their teeth. These events may seem gutwrenching to a Western audience, but they are rapidly becoming a normality for the Belorussian people as the ‘Free Belarus’ movement hits its sixth month. But why? How has the ‘last dictatorship in Europe’ suddenly been met with great opposition from its people, and who is behind it ? President Alexander Lukashenko is the most well-known and powerful man in Belarus. Elected in 1994, he has been in power for over 26 years, making him, as mentioned, Europe’s “last dictator”. His main promise to his country was to uphold aspects of Soviet-style communism after the USSR’s dissolution in 1991, capitalising on the Soviet nostalgia that followed. Ever since, he has thoroughly established his dislike for foreign influences that threaten the stability of his presidency, repressed mass media by keeping it under state control (along with a large portion of national manufacturing), and most famously, declared that COVID-19 can be cured with vodka, saunas and hard work. From these qualities alone he could be considered to be an unfit president for a country of Belarus’s economic difficulties, but the results of every election since he came into power more than two decades ago have been ruled in his favour and on the whole undisputed. That is, until the 9th of August, 2020. , Svetlana Tikhanovskaya is a former English teacher and Lukashenko’s greatest political opponent. With his other rivals jailed or exiled, Tikhanovskaya has become Belarus’s greatest beacon of hope for democracy and advancement. Once her tours with her allies around the country began before the August elections, she rapidly gained supporters and drew in record amounts of Belorussians demanding political change. When the election day came, an internet blackout lasting several days caused disarray and the lack of independent onlookers during the counting confirmed the people’s greatest fear: Lukashenko had ‘officially’ won the vote by a landslide despite the overwhelming national support for his opponent. Immediately, protests erupted (and are continuing to be organised) around the country, particularly in Minsk, with turnouts of over 100,000 people, a huge number for a total city population of 2 million. It is difficult to determine the exact number of people arrested, injured or killed in these protests because of the state’s secrecy around the matter, but it is estimated that almost 2,000 people have been seriously injured as a result of police brutality, up to 495 arrested and temporary detentions range into the thousands. These statistics are as of AugustSeptember, 2020. Typically female protesters and even the elderly are seen wearing white and holding red roses, signifying the ‘Free Belarus’ flag. Despite being peaceful, these protests are most commonly met with rubber bullets and tear gas from the police force. Former soldiers and army generals have been seen burning their uniforms to show the deep disappointment in the leadership of the country they risked their lives defending in the past. Tikhanovskaya has since been forced to exile to Lithuania because of security concerns regarding her children, but the fight is far from over. Several university students and an Orthodox Priest, Uladizlau Bahamolnikau, have also participated in week-long hunger strikes as of January 2021, and thousands of Belarusians have taken to social media to fight against the censorship and spread awareness about the ongoing repression the people are facing. - Nomeda Petrulis, 4ASC
FEBRUARY 2021
Vol 1 Issue 1
OH, BUT IT'S SO FAR AWAY!
Many people may see the things happening in the World and scroll passed it, or do not pay attention because it's "so far away." Discrimination. Assault. Poverty. Hate. If those are things that we don't have to experience in our life, then we should realise how fortunate we are that 1) the world's changing and 2) we don't have to go through it. Many people do though, many people have and they still feel the effects of these experiences today. It is easy to not be as concerned when injustics happen continents away. However, it is important to be educated about these topics so that we can learn from others' mistakes, though we have made many ourselves too. We should also realise, that these things are closer than they seem. A couple of students in the 4th year attended a Webinar earlier on in January about the the "hidden impacts of colonialism." One of the speakers at the webinar was Dr Ben Richardson, who talked about how what may look normal on the outside can have a hidden background that you wouldn't have thought of. He researched his place of residence, Leamington and found shocking things about the monuments or popular buildings there: - The people that provided things for slaves, were the same people that provided things for cattle. - the will of Eliza Scarlett- "negroe slaves, plates, jewels and all my other POSSESSIONS" Although these may not seem like much (for more information go to pg 12), it shows that discrimination and the treatment of minority ethnic groups was as bad here as it was in America or South Africa. It is not just in the US that police brutality is often aimed more at minority ethnic people. Maybe not because the individuals are racist, but because they think they are more likely to get away with it. On the 6th and 7th of June specifcally, there were protests in London. aimed at those who claim "Racism is only in America" or is "uniquely bad in America". They coined the chant "The UK is not innocent". They are correct as in Britain, black people are 10 times more likely to get stopped and searched by the police than their white counterparts, with the three black ethnic groups having the highest rate for stop and search. One example of police brutality in the UK is the case of Sheku Bayoh, a black man who died in police custody in 2015. A recent documentary by Panorama exposed the events that happened in more detail. The police officers involved restrained Bayoh by lying and kneeling on his body He then became unconscious and attempts to resuscitate him were made. He was taken to hospital, where he died. The police justified their actions saying he dangerously attacked a female police officer, PC Nicole Short and that she feared for her life. Whilst yes, he did punch her, this was the extent of his actions as CCTV and an eye witness confirmed. Mr Baskin, said that the situation could have been much better handled, if the police officers had acted in line with their training, especially as it became clear that Bayoh may have been going through a mental health crisis. In France, there were protests about Adama Traore, a man who died in police custody in 2016. BIPOC also face unfair levels of policing and violence in countries such as Australia and New Zealand, where even though they only account for 3.3% of the population, they make up 28% of the prison. -Beth Akinkoye, 4RAW
FEBRUARY 2021
Vol 1 Issue 1
SPORTS
Bias is often unconscious , in sport as much as everyday life, whether it be between genders or races. A survey done by the Guardian of one thousand people found that 43% of those from a minority ethnic background had been overlooked for a work promotion in a way that felt unfair in the last five years, more than twice the proportion of white people (18%) who reported the same experience. This number goes to show the everyday bias that is still engrained in our society. We may think that big names and celebrities are exempt from such bias and racism, however this is not true at all. You may be familiar with the name Marcus Rashford, whether you are a die-hard Manchester United fan or have heard of his campaign for free school meals during lockdown. Either way, Marcus Rashford has been vocal in speaking out against racial bias and racial discrimination in the sporting world. Just last month, Rashford was a victim of racist abuse after a 0-0 draw against Arsenal. Instead of releasing his anger on social media, as this is one of many incidents, he responded in a commendable manner. He wrote, "Yes I'm a black man and I live every day proud that I am. No one, or no one comment, is going to make me feel any different, so sorry if you were looking for a strong reaction, you're just simply not going to get it here." Despite numerous campaigns, initiatives and movements aiming to tackle racism in football, figures from the inclusion and diversity charity Kick It Out have shown cases of racist abuse rose by 53% between 2019-2020. Herman Ouseley, chair of Kick it Out explained this to the Institute of Race Relations in November 2019, “The reality of racism in sport is the reality of racism in society�. To elaborate, sport is often considered a reflection of society, if this is what is happening in sport how much more is going on in the world? In the UK? Subsequently, tackling racism in sport involves confronting institutional racism, systemic prejudice, toxic behaviours and unconscious biases for change within and beyond sport. Still remaining in the sports field, an 'interesting' event occurred just recently. We are probably all aware of the death of George Floyd, last May. This of course triggered many different reactions from within the black community and beyond, with past trauma being relived. As a result of this, many people in sport "took the knee" as a symbol of solidarity with the movement. One of the instances was during Millwall football club's match with Derby City. About 2,000 fans attended the game but it was overshadowed by noisy booing when players from both teams took the knee, with at least one supporter heard shouting "get up!". It is truly shocking that something as abrasive as this would happen. You often hear people saying, "It's 2021; things like this cannot and shouldn't be going on." However, the fact is they do. Instead of turning one eye away from it we can all do something to help and this can be as simple as signing a petition ( go to pg 12 for more information). A recent study showed that whilst lighter-skinned players were widely praised on intelligence, hard work and quality, darker skinned players were praised on their physically ability, not unlike the stereotype that black people run faster. However, gender is also another form of bias in sport that can often be overlooked. Women make up only 18% of qualified coaches and 9% of senior coaches. In addition to this, for almost half of the publicly funded national governing bodies, less than a quarter of the board are women. In the US, the women's football national team recently filed a lawsuit and alleged that the "USSF engages in institutionalized gender discrimination" towards the team, effecting things like pay. - Daniella Freeman, 4RAW
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DISCUSSIONS WE'VE HAD
As you can imagine, there has been a lot to talk about at Inc. over the last few weeks. We try and have a main topic of discussion every week, as well as listen to what the teachers' may specifically come in to talk with us about. Here is a quick summary of what we've talked about:
Reverse Racism: Discussing this topic brought out many different point of views, that racism is racism no matter who it's aimed at, and anybody can be racist. However as the discussion went on we delved further and went into more detail. Many of us concluded that on an individual level, anyone can be racist. However, on a systematic level, anyone can be racially prejudiced, but not racist. Racial prejudice is discriminating due to race, anyone can do this. However with racism, you often need to hold the power, or in other words, be the majority. SO in countries such as the UK and the US, and in fact Europe, BAME (Black and minority ethnic) groups are the minority. So in terms of being systematically racist, technicality these groups cannot be, as they do not hold power. The reason power is so important is because it can influence livelihoods, jobs, homes and more. All in all reverse racism doesn't exist, because it's either racism, or racial prejudice. Of course these are just some of our opinions and you have the right to form your own.
Positive Discrimination Positive discrimination is when you purposely single out a group or people from a group with a positive aim. For example, purposely hiring a POC because that would diversify your workplace. We discusssed whether positive discrimination should or should not happen/be acceptable. One of the points that was raised is that positive discrimination would just increase tension between ethnic groups. What we want is equality and this isn't going to help, because then people will get mad because they're at a disadvantage. Many agreed though, they would be mad for what? We all know that slavery happened, such as the Transatlantic slave trade happened. And nobody blames anyone today for that happening. However it is important to realise that as a result of that slavery, of the discrimination that came after and indeed in America, Jim Crow laws and in South Africa, apartheid, that naturally, these minority ethnic groups would've been poorer. As we are taught in Shell geography, and in fact in real life, poverty is a cycle. This cycle is so hard to get out of, because if you don't have money, it's harder to go to school (even excluding private schools), as a result no matter how smart you are, you drop out to help your family, or you finish school but don't have the money to go to university. In which case, even excluding the colour of your skin it's harder for you to get a job, meaning that you can't get a better job because you have no experience, resulting in a lack of minority ethnic figures in the most senior roles everywhere. Including government. I would like to say that this is purely hypothetical, but I would be lying because it's just the truth. So, positive discriminaiton in this way, would not be giving ethnic minorites an advantage, but instead would allow them to work their way up to be at the same level. This is known as equity, and whereas the goal is indeed to have equality, do we need equity to get there for the time being?
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DISCUSSIONS WE'VE HAD
Cultural Appropriation: Nowadays, it's probably the easiest it's ever been to offend someone or do something offensive without meaning to. Cultural Appropriation probably falls into this category. We discussed whether groups have the right to "claim" bits of their culture, and whether it's really a big deal. We took the example of box braids and the Black/African community, as well as some other examples people used when referring to themselves. Many people responded differently to this question, with some saying that they wouldn't care if other people wore box braids, whilst some said they did. We came to the conclusion however, that it is up to the people around you and whether they are okay with it, but you should always check first. We also realised that there is cultural APPRECIATION and cultural APPROPIATION, and that if people do decide to try out hairstyles/clothes/food from other cultures, they should be respectful and always give credit to the historical background. For many, it depends on the subject. For example, lots of people would say that trying food is cultural appreciation, but hair is appropriation. It is important to remember that if your actions offend even one person from the community, it's not worth it for the sake of peace.
Micro-aggressions: Micro-aggressions are often not intended to harm the recipient and are often unconsciously said, without realising they do indeed cause hurt of some sort. Derald.W.Sue, who has written two books on micro-aggressions, defines it as "the everyday slights, indignities, put downs and insults that people of colour, women, LGBT and any marginalised group experience in their day-to-day interactions with people." Since micro-aggressions are often not intended to cause harm, it is important to realise what they are so that we can make a conscious effort not to say them. The discussion we had about microaggressions was "Do people have the right to be annoyed or hurt by them, or are they just being sensitive." I can quite assuredly say that we all agreed that it is not our place to judge how other's react to micro-aggressions, especially if we are not part of the group in question. Micro-aggressions, though, are what the name suggests, micro, can build up and really have an effect on people/groups, Micro-aggressions often appear to be a compliment or joke, but contains a hidden insult about a group of people. For example saying to a person of African origin, "You're English is really good" -especially in a surprised tone. This implies that even though you are saying their English is good, because of their origins or skin colour, you didn't expect it to be so. A single micro-aggression may not have a massive impact, but this is a cumulative thing, and as Derald.W.Sue said, an everyday thing. These comments accumulate and effect self-confidence and mental health. Studies show that the effect micro-aggressions can cause include anger, depression and lower work productivity. They also effect how comfortable someone may feel in a work/school environment, going as far as to effect physical qualities too. In short, it is important to make an effort to try and be aware of these micro-agressions and the impact it has on people. Here are 5 suggestions from Dr Sue: (1) Be constantly vigilant of your own biases and fears. (2) Try and interact with people who are different from you. (3) Don't be defensive, if someone has taken offence, just try not to do it again. (4) Be open to discussing your own bias. (5) Be an ally, stand against all forms of bias and discrimination.
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Current and Future Projects
Mural: For the past weeks, we've discussed things we can do to include more people in the Inc. Society and to gain more recognition. We thought a mural would be a perfect way to do this! We plan on spray painting a design on a space (we're currently looking at the outside of the art cabin) that represents Inc. and Bablake. Fortunately, Spray Station, have agreed to help us in leading some workshops and helping us with the design. Of course, we are open to suggestions from anyone and everyone so if you have elements you want to include in the mural, or a design in mind, please do contact us via email or better yet show up to an Inc. meeting and share with everyone.
Curriculums: It's all well and good saying these stuff, but we also want to actively make an effort to improve diversity at Bablake. The obvious place to start would be in curriculums and what we're learning. So far, we have talked to Mrs McClean in the English department, where we discussed the English curriculum for Shells - Third years and different books and texts they could read to make sure that they aren't just dominated by white English males that have white English representation. We are also talking to the History department. Of course these ideas might not be implemented straight away because of textbooks etc. but the most important thing is that we are actively making an effort. We intend to discuss as many curriculums as possible, where possible, including Art, PE and more. If you have any suggestions for any of these curriculums, you can email us at @17wyeakinkoye and @17fxdfreeman.
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LINKS TO PETITIONS & REFERENCE MATERIALS/ARTICLES
Relevant Articles: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-53076269 - Sheku Bayoh https://www.vox.com/2015/2/16/8031073/what-are-microaggressions - Microagressions https://www.pbs.org/newshour/features/uighurs/ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-45474279 - Uighurs https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/stories-54191344 https://www.dw.com/en/how-the-eu-can-stop-polands-lgbt-free-zones/a-55042896 - Poland https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/pais/about/outreach/colonialhangover/magazine/imperialleam ington - DR Ben Richardson full report on Leamington findings and sources he used. https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jun/29/groundbreaking-report-reveals-racialbias-in-english-football-commentary https://www.womeninsport.org/about-us/sexism-in-sport/ - bias in sport https://www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk/crime-justice-and-the-law/policing/stopand-search/latest - UK govt stop and search by ethnicity
Relevant Petitions: https://belarushelp.foundation - donate to this link if possible. Try to share as much as you can on social media if you come across any information and support Belarusian creators, artists and protestors. Bringing light to the situation is the most we can do as Western onlookers at this point in time, however taking the time to listen to others stories can not only impact them, but you as well!
https://action.allout.org/en/a/poland/ - Poland LGBTQ+ petition https://petition.parliament.uk/petitions/549020- Work with other countries to pressure China over treatment of Uighurs https://savetheuighurs.carrd.co/ - Link to a website that gives you lots of links for petitions and donation websites for the Uighurs. https://www.crowdjustice.com/case/justiceforsheku/ - petition, for Sheku Bayoh
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THANKS FOR READING! NEXT NEWSLETTER WILL BE OUT IN THE SUMMER TERM. IF YOU WANT MORE INFORMATION ABOUT ANY OF OUR PROJECTS, FEEL FREE TO GET IN TOUCH.
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