ASthought #8 project:
architect:
Casa sulla Morella / Andrea Oliva
ASthought #8 project:
architect:
Casa sulla Morella / Andrea Oliva
book editor:
Erika Mazza
AsThought
Content
architecture from concept to built form Our main goal is to describe the design process, the architectural solutions and the detailing choices of a built work in a chronological order. The dream – that is also the ambition – is to tune at the best the structure of this on-line manual and to spread around its template in order to amplify the power of collecting and publishing in a such huge way that in a few years we could arrive at the largest open source and most browsed utility for architectural students not only in Europe.
series editors: Gennaro Postiglione Maddalena Scarzella
Work facts
p. 7
Project description
p. 8
Commission
p. 12
Draft proposals
p. 24
Final proposal
p. 34
Construction drawings
p. 46
Building site
p. 66
research team in Interiors @ Politecnico di Milano ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Photo gallery exteriors
p. 96
ASthought architecture from concept to built form
Photo gallery interiors
p. 112
http://asthought.polimi-cooperation.org
Photo gallery surroundings
p. 128
follow https://twitter.com/ASthought1 http://vimeo.com/asthought http://www.issuu.com/asthought
Pluggings
p. 132
Systems
p. 140
Selected essay
p. 148
book editor: Erika Mazza
All rights reserved © All Authors All drawings © Andrea Oliva All pictures © Authors this volume has no commercial purposes but only educational goals
Milan 2013
Appendix office presentation
p. 160
book editor presentation
p. 162
Work facts
Project:
Casa sulla Morella
Address:
Strada Gazzo, 18/A, Castelnovo Sotto (RE)
Area:
16120,50 m²
Volume:
2706,60 m³
Type:
Housing
Planned:
2005 – 2006
Built:
2007-2009
Client:
Private
Architect:
Andrea Oliva
Responsible partner:
-
Collaborator:
Luca Paroli
Structural engineer:
David Zilioli
Awards:
International Prize for Sustainable Architecture 2010
References:
http://www.cittaarchitettura.it http://asthought.polimi-cooperation.org/andrea-oliva-casa-sulla-morella-castelnovo-sotto-reitaly-2009/
Project description:
Casa sulla Morella-Andrea Oliva
History of Commission:
Thanks to an amnesty it was possible to demolish some disused agricultural buildings and rebuild the same volume increased of 20% in another part of the lot. Initially there was a contractor who wanted to build a house to sell. Following the evolution of the project led the architect to identify himself more and more with the house. So, the architect decided to keep the house for himself and build the contractor’s house in another lot.
Main architectural ideas:
In this project, there are three important issues: the recognition of a historical matrix(linear house, Roman land division, the terramare, the dead door) and then the aware insertion of the house into the landscape and a functional program, made of compromises, rigor and rationality.
south facade © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2010 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
7
Project description
To the borders of the country of Castelnovo Sotto, between the stream Morella and a roman road, in a landscape context characterized from channels, ditches, rows, shrubby stains, gardens, villas and agricultural houses it places the “House on the Morella”. Inserted between rural landscape and observer to 60 mt from the road, suspended by the ground to protection of the tall stratum of superficial water and to memory of the installations “terramare”, the residence is composed of two staggered elements to northeast: the porch or climatic mitigator and the housing space or insulating body. With an orientation of 18° toward west the house exploits to the best the natural contributions that, because of the geometry of the porch, of the ample surfaces south glass door and of the flowing obscuring, they anticipate the opening to the “winter sun” and the protection from the “afternoon summer sun.” The study about the solar axonometries has allowed, therefore, to opportunely appraise the incidence of the sun on the wrap and get into proportion the fixed screenings of the vertical settings and the horizontal shutters and the mobile screenings of the flowing panels. The combination of some characters of the agricultural houses they are proposed through a reason euclidea, that in the key form-function, distills elements as the “porta morta” (passing space in the residence with scope of ventilation), the “sporto di gronda” ( coverage’s extension for protection of the vertical masonries) and the “portico” (integrated coverage or juxtaposed for the protection of open and external spaces of the building).
The residence has a structure in bearing walls (smaller presence of thermal bridges), constituted by bricks
with pores, of 38 cm, coupled to a layer of coat insulator on the external side of 10 cm, the attics are made of tiles and concrete with riddles in reinforced concrete, coibentate and separated while the coverage had a layer of 22 cm of isolation, that is coupled to a coverage mantle in corrugate iron, draining, connected to a system that pick up the rain water. The windows are in plywood with low emissive glass and gas argon. The plant design is integrated with domotic and allows a reduction of the consumptions through the control of the temperature of the single rooms, the predisposition for an efficient job of the great electrical appliances, the automatic turning off of the lights in empty places, the checked generation of warm water for sanitaries and the regulation of the use times for each single instruments. The heat system is constituted by radiant panels feeded by a low condensation boiler while the sanitary warm water is integrated from panels solar, places on the coverage, where an integrated photovoltaic system for 6 Kw is in progress of realization. The residence is endowed with a mechanized system for the recycle of the air, that bring the scheduled consumption for the heating to 5,19 kWh / mq per year.
Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
9
view from the “porta morta” to the countryside © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2010 10
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Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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Commission
part of the demolished volumes for the remission Š Andrea Oliva 2005 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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drawings for the remission © studio tecnico Mattioli 1990
drawings for the remission © studio tecnico Mattioli 1990 14
part of the demolished volumes for the remission © Andrea Oliva 2005 ASthought
Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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part of the demolished volumes for the remission Š Andrea Oliva 2005 16
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rows of poplar on the site Š Andrea Oliva 2005
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part of the demolished volumes for the remission Š Andrea Oliva 2005
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Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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part of the demolished volumes for the remission Š Andrea Oliva 2005 20
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part of the demolished volumes for the remission Š Andrea Oliva 2005 22
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Draft proposals
draft proposals model Š Andrea Oliva 2005 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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east facade © Erika Mazza 2012
draft proposals model: the plant has a C form like a court, it makes a sort of patio in the inside © Erika Mazza 2012 26
ASthought
west facade © Erika Mazza 2012 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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south facade Š Erika Mazza 2012
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north facade Š Erika Mazza 2012
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south facade Š Andrea Oliva 2005 30
draft proposals model Š Andrea Oliva 2005 ASthought
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draft proposals model Š Andrea Oliva 2005 32
draft proposals model Š Andrea Oliva 2005 ASthought
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Final proposal
final proposals model: the “porta morta” in Emilias rural houses was a space between the residential part of the house and the working part. Air could pass through the “porta morta” so smells couldn’t reach the residential part of the house and also big machinery could pass throught this “door”. The architect think this rural houses element in a new way © Andrea Oliva 2006 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
35
south facade Š Andrea Oliva 2006 36
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final proposals model: north facade. In the draft proposal the house was closed and didn’t allow the landscape to comes in the house; in the final proposal the house becomes open against the landscape and becames its frame to emphasize its line and its structure © Andrea Oliva 2006
final proposals model: south facade. In the final proposal the house is lifted from the ground as the settlements “terramaricoli” originating in Emilia. That’s allows to protect the deep aquifer under the house © Andrea Oliva 2006 38
ASthought
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final proposals model: north facade Š Erika Mazza 2012
final proposals model: this external corridor lifted from the ground allows to walk around the house, but it do not stop the grass which can get in touch with the house as in the rural emilian houses Š Andrea Oliva 2006 40
ASthought
final proposals model: south facade Š Erika Mazza 2012 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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final proposals model: north facade Š Erika Mazza 2012
final proposals 3D model: south facade Š Andrea Oliva 2006 42
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skatch of the different element of the house Š Andrea Oliva 2006 44
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bioclimatic aspect Š Andrea Oliva 2006 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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Construction drawings
state of the project: demolition, new construction Š Andrea Oliva 2006 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
47
current status: general plan, ground floor plan, first floor plan, sections AA and BB Š Andrea Oliva 2006 48
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ground floor plan © Andrea Oliva 2006
final section © Andrea Oliva 2006
first floor plan © Andrea Oliva 2006 50
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state of the project: demolition, new construction Š Andrea Oliva 2006 52
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state of the project: site plan, ground floor plan, first, sections, elevations Š Andrea Oliva 2006 54
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plant of the foundation © Andrea Oliva 2006
foundation: section DD © Andrea Oliva 2006
foundation: section BB © Andrea Oliva 2006 56
foundation: section GG © Andrea Oliva 2006 ASthought
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ground floor formwork: part C © Andrea Oliva 2006
plant of the ground floor formwork © Andrea Oliva 2006
ground floor formwork: part G © Andrea Oliva 2006
ground floor formwork: part B © Andrea Oliva 2006 58
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first floor formwork: part E © Andrea Oliva 2006
plant of the first floor formwork © Andrea Oliva 2006
first floor formwork: part H © Andrea Oliva 2006
first floor formwork: part C © Andrea Oliva 2006 60
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plant of the roof slab formwork © Andrea Oliva 2006
internal stairs plant © Andrea Oliva 2006
roof slab formwork: part A © Andrea Oliva 2006 62
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internal stairs section Š Andrea Oliva 2006 64
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Building site
the “porta molta” during the construction © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2008 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
67
beginning of the works © Andrea Oliva 2006
digs for the foundation © Andrea Oliva 2006
reinforced concrete wall of the foundation with tubes for ventilation © Andrea Oliva 2006
formworks for the foundation © Andrea Oliva 2006
reinforced concrete wall of the foundation © Andrea Oliva 2006 68
ASthought
reinforced concrete wall of the foundation with the grid of tubes for ventilation © Erika Mazza 2012 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
69
reinforcement of the ground floor © Andrea Oliva 2006
building the ground floor © Andrea Oliva 2006
formwork of the ground floor © Andrea Oliva 2006
formwork of the ground floor © Andrea Oliva 2006
building the ground floor © Andrea Oliva 2006 70
the ground floor © Andrea Oliva 2006 ASthought
Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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foundation walls in reinforced concrete © Andrea Oliva 2006
walls on the ground floor in red brick © Andrea Oliva 2006
south walls on the ground floor in red brick © Andrea Oliva 2006
view from the inside the south walls on the ground floor in red foundation walls in reinforced concrete © Andrea Oliva 2006 72
walls on the ground floor in red brick © Andrea Oliva 2006 ASthought
brick © Andrea Oliva 2006
north walls on the ground floor in red brick © Andrea Oliva 2006 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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south walls on the ground floor in red brick Š Andrea Oliva 2006 74
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red brick Š Andrea Oliva 2006
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building the first floor © Andrea Oliva 2007
reinforcement of the first floor © Andrea Oliva 2007
reinforcement of the first floor © Andrea Oliva 2007 78
the first floor © Andrea Oliva 2007
the first floor with the stairs hole © cittaarchitettura 2007 ASthought
the stairs during the construction © Andrea Oliva 2007
Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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walls on the first floor in red brick with thw windows hole © Andrea Oliva 2007
view from the interior © Andrea Oliva 2007
walls on the first floor in red brick © Andrea Oliva 2007
north facade with scaffolding © Andrea Oliva 2007
south facade with scaffolding during the construction © Andrea south facade with scaffolding © Andrea Oliva 2007 80
Oliva 2007 ASthought
beginning of the work on the first floor © Andrea Oliva 2007 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
81
scaffolding to build the first floor © Andrea Oliva 2007
building the first floor © Andrea Oliva 2007
building the first floor © Andrea Oliva 2007
building the first floor © Andrea Oliva 2007 82
scaffolding © Andrea Oliva 2007 ASthought
reinforcement of the roof © Andrea Oliva 2007 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
83
reinfocement of the floor © Andrea Oliva 2007
building the roof © Andrea Oliva 2007
the box during the construction © Andrea Oliva 2007 84
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the north facade with the cars ramp during the construction Š Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2008 86
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the south facade during the construction © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2008
the west facade during the construction © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2008 88
ASthought
the entrance during the construction © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2008 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
89
building site © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2008 90
the “porta morta” during the construction © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2008 ASthought
Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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view from the balcony on the first floor of the slot in the roof above the living room during the construction Š Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert
the living rooms window during the construction Š Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2008
2008 92
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the double volume of the living room and the offices balcony at the first floor during the construction Š Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2008 94
ASthought
the second floor corridor during the construction Š Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2008 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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Photo gallery exteriors
the house often is chosen by artist to exhibit their sculptures Š Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2010 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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the north facade Š Erika Mazza 2012
the south facade Š Erika Mazza 2012 98
ASthought
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openings change from the north facade to the south facade, while the north facade has small slot which create a draw like a mondrians painting, the south facade can be open or close Š Erika Mazza 2012 100
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the entrance Š Erika Mazza 2012
102
the entrance Š Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2010
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the external stairs Š Erika Mazza 2012 104
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view out of the corten gate: the distance from the street is 60 m. Thats a important detail becaus emphasize that the house is not in
106
the north frontage with the cars ramp Š Erika Mazza 2012
relation with the street but with the lanscape.
the white box in which is contained the housing volume, almost disappears in the fog, letting see just the dark volume Š Kai Uwe
the architect geometrizes the landskape with rowls of poplar to remind the roman centuriation, which still be an important element of
Schulte Bunert 2010
the emilian landskape Š Erika Mazza 2012 ASthought
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108
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the south frontage: the form of the house make a relation between the privat and the pubblic. The south facade can be open or close with sliding panels that allows more or less praivacy depending on the function you develop during the day Š Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2010 110
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Photo gallery interiors
the living room and the rosewood entrance door Š Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2010 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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view from the offices balcony at the first floor of the living room © Erika Mazza 2012
livingroom © Erika Mazza 2012
view of the kitchen from the living room © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2010
the double volume of the living room and the offices balcony at livingroom © Erika Mazza 2012 114
the first floor © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2010 ASthought
the living room © Erika Mazza 2012 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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kitchen © Erika Mazza 2012
kitchen chair © Erika Mazza 2012
kitchenette © Erika Mazza 2012
table design by Andrea Oliva with the same proportions of the furniture © Erika Mazza 2012 116
washbasin © Erika Mazza 2012 ASthought
house © Erika Mazza 2012
cabinet in rosewood design by AndreaOliva © Erika Mazza 2012 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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toilet on the ground floor : detail of the tap designed by Andrea Oliva © Erika Mazza 2012
toilet at the ground floor © Erika Mazza 2012 118
toilet on the ground floor : detail of the washbasin designed by
toilet on the ground floor : detail of the tap designed by Andrea
Andrea Oliva © Erika Mazza 2012
Oliva © Erika Mazza 2012
toilet on the ground floor : detail of the washbasin designed by Andrea Oliva © Erika Mazza 2012 ASthought
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120
toilet on the ground floor: the towels holder designed by Andrea
toilet on the ground floor : detail of the towels holder designed by
Oliva called “altalena” (swing) © Erika Mazza 2012
Andrea Oliva called “altalena” (swing) © Erika Mazza 2012
ASthought
toilet on the ground floor : detail of the bidet tap and the wall decoration made with gold leaf and Murano glass © Erika Mazza 2012
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toilet on the ground floor : detail of the wall decoration made with gold leaf and Murano glass by a local craftsman Š Erika Mazza 2012
bathroom on the ground floor : detail of the wall decoration made with venturina (a precious metal) and Murano glass by a local craftsman Š Erika Mazza 2012
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bathroom on the first floor : detail of the washbasin designed by Andre Oliva with the same proportions of the house © Erika Mazza 2012
bathroom on the first floor : detail of the towels hanger designed by Andre Oliva © Erika Mazza 2012
bathroom on the first floor : detail of the floor in smoked oak which becames in platinum and Murano glass next to the shower © Erika bathroom on the first floor © Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2010 124
Mazza 2012 ASthought
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the corridor on the ground floor with a wall cabinet cover with rosewood wich contain also a ventilation system, and the living
the office window and the corridor on the first floor in the back-
view from the ground floor of the stairs with a smoked oak cover
room in the background © Erika Mazza 2012
ground © Erika Mazza 2012
illuminated by led inside the wall © Erika Mazza 2012
view from the first floor of the stairs © Erika Mazza 2012
the window needs just to illuminate the floor where walking ©
detail of the windowed slot of the roof above the stairs © Erika
detail of the handrail designed by Andrea Oliva © Erika Mazza
Erika Mazza 2012
Mazza 2012
2012
detail of the window of the first floor corridor. The window is low because the first floor is the “sleeping area” and the light from
the first floor corridor with a smoked oak floor © Erika Mazza 126
2012
ASthought
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Photo gallery surroundings
surroundings in Castelnovo di Sotto Š Andrea Oliva 2005 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
129
surroundings in Castelnovo di Sotto Š Andrea Oliva 2005 130
surroundings in Castelnovo di Sotto Š Andrea Oliva 2005 ASthought
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Pluggings
the sliding EPS100 4 cm panel used as shielding and its track on the floor Š Erika Mazza 2012 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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134
the view from inside of the sliding panels and the window © Erika
the view from inside through the sliding panels, which leave a slot
Mazza 2012
between each other © Erika Mazza 2012
the sliding EPS100 4 cm panel used as shielding resting on the
the fixed EPS100 8 cm panel (on the right) and the sliding one of
fixed one © Erika Mazza 2012
4 cm (on the left) used as shielding © Erika Mazza 2012 ASthought
the sliding EPS100 4 cm panel used as shielding and its track on the floor © Erika Mazza 2012
the sliding window track (below) and the shielding panels track (above) on the marble floor © Erika Mazza 2012 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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136
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detail of the exterior insulation finishing system (EIFS) Š Erika Mazza 2012
138
ASthought
detail of the EIFS connection with a window Š Erika Mazza 2012
Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
139
Systems
accumulation of water heated with solar panels in the basement Š Erika Mazza 2012 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
141
eletric system in the basement © Erika Mazza 2012
accumulation of water heated with solar panels in the basement © Erika Mazza 2012 142
ASthought
eletric system in the basement © Erika Mazza 2012 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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144
internal view of the ventilated foundations grid © Erika Mazza 2012
ventilation system in a rosewood cabin on the ground floor © Erika Mazza 2012
external view of the ventilated foundations grid © Erika Mazza 2012
ventilation system © Erika Mazza 2012
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external ligts in corten designed by Andrea Oliva © Erika Mazza 2012
external ligts in corten designed by Andrea Oliva © Erika Mazza internal ligts on the ceiling © Erika Mazza 2012
2012
led on the stairs wall © Erika Mazza 2012 146
external ligts on the floor © Erika Mazza 2012
external ligts on the floor © Erika Mazza 2012 ASthought
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Selected essay
cover of a zero_03 Š edicomedizioni aprile 2012 Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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150
AA.VV., Minimalista e sostenibile casa sulla Morella a Castelnovo Sotto (RE), in azero_03, EdicomEdizioni, Monfalcone (GO), aprile
AA.VV., Minimalista e sostenibile casa sulla Morella a Castelnovo Sotto (RE), in azero_03, EdicomEdizioni, Monfalcone (GO), aprile
2012, p. 16 Š edicomedizioni 2012
2012, p. 17 Š edicomedizioni 2012 ASthought
Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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152
AA.VV., Minimalista e sostenibile casa sulla Morella a Castelnovo Sotto (RE), in azero_03, EdicomEdizioni, Monfalcone (GO), aprile
AA.VV., Minimalista e sostenibile casa sulla Morella a Castelnovo Sotto (RE), in azero_03, EdicomEdizioni, Monfalcone (GO), aprile
2012, p. 18 Š edicomedizioni 2012
2012, p. 19 Š edicomedizioni 2012 ASthought
Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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154
AA.VV., Minimalista e sostenibile casa sulla Morella a Castelnovo Sotto (RE), in azero_03, EdicomEdizioni, Monfalcone (GO), aprile
AA.VV., Minimalista e sostenibile casa sulla Morella a Castelnovo Sotto (RE), in azero_03, EdicomEdizioni, Monfalcone (GO), aprile
2012, p. 20 Š edicomedizioni 2012
2012, p. 21 Š edicomedizioni 2012 ASthought
Casa sulla Morella - Andrea Oliva
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156
AA.VV., Minimalista e sostenibile casa sulla Morella a Castelnovo Sotto (RE), in azero_03, EdicomEdizioni, Monfalcone (GO), aprile
AA.VV., Minimalista e sostenibile casa sulla Morella a Castelnovo Sotto (RE), in azero_03, EdicomEdizioni, Monfalcone (GO), aprile
2012, p. 22 Š edicomedizioni 2012
2012, p. 23 Š edicomedizioni 2012 ASthought
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Appendix
Office presentation
Andrea Oliva graduated in Architecture at the Polytechnic of Milan in 1998. Since 2001 he works in research and is an adjunct professor at the Faculty of Architecture and Engineering of the University of Parma. In 2000 he founded the “cittaarchitettura� conducting the business of design at different scales by seeking new spatial solutions in the context of the contemporary landscape through a particular attention to the issues of energy sustainability. The experimental dimension is accompanied by a full professional competence that takes advantage of expert advice (structures, equipment, roads, economy, landscape, artwork, lighting) to respond to complex and design programs. He has designed and built public buildings, residential, commercial and industrial and hotel complexes, as well as public spaces, urban planning and landscape projects, urban and historical redevelopment projects, and has participated in numerous national and international competitions and won several awards and is active in the assembly and the interior design. The works and projects have been exhibited and published in Italian and international journals.
Andrea Oliva Š Kai Uwe Schulte Bunert 2010 160
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Book editor presentation
“Writing about music is like dancing about architecture” Frank Zappa
Erika Mazza was born in Parma November 9, 1991. She attended the Art Institute “Paolo Toschi”, high school in Parma, with specialization in architecture and design. In 2008-2009 lived in Denmark coming into contact with the Scandinavian architecture and design and learning about a different culture than Italian. She graduated in 2010 and enrolled at the Polytechnic in Milan.
162
ASthought
Work facts
Project:
Casa sulla Morella
Address:
Strada Gazzo, 18/A, Castelnovo Sotto (RE)
Area:
16120,50 m²
Volume:
2706,60 m³
Type:
Housing
Planned:
2005 – 2006
Built:
2007-2009
Client:
Private
Architect:
Andrea Oliva
Responsible partner:
-
Collaborator:
Luca Paroli
Structural engineer:
David Zilioli
Awards:
International Prize for Sustainable Architecture 2010
References:
http://www.cittaarchitettura.it http://asthought.polimi-cooperation.org/andrea-oliva-casa-sulla-morella-castelnovo-sotto-reitaly-2009/
Project description:
Casa sulla Morella-Andrea Oliva
History of Commission:
Thanks to an amnesty it was possible to demolish some disused agricultural buildings and rebuild the same volume increased of 20% in another part of the lot. Initially there was a contractor who wanted to build a house to sell. Following the evolution of the project led the architect to identify himself more and more with the house. So, the architect decided to keep the house for himself and build the contractor’s house in another lot.
Main architectural ideas:
In this project, there are three important issues: the recognition of a historical matrix(linear house, Roman land division, the terramare, the dead door) and then the aware insertion of the house into the landscape and a functional program, made of compromises, rigor and rationality.