Economic Underdevelopment in Sudan Sudan, the Republic of Sudan in full, is located on the north-eastern African continent. According to Sudan’s official website. It has industries as diverse as textile, food oil, cement, sugar, soap, mining and transformational industries, etc. It also possesses natural forestry resources, and its major exports are oil seeds, gold, cotton and Gum Arabic. In spite of all this, Sudan is underdeveloped economically. In the paragraphs to follow, we cite certain examples of its underdevelopment and the possible reasons for such state. Poverty in Sudan 60% of the population of Sudan lies below the poverty line. Poverty in Sudan is firmly rooted, especially among the rural areas, and in areas affected by famine, drought and conflicts. The growing population in already poverty-stricken areas, along with internally displaced persons and returnees, put pressure on the already fragile ecosystem of the country. Many factors, such as soil erosion, loss of fertility, etc. are damaging Sudan’s ability to grow crops to meet the needs of its population, thus affecting the productivity. The causes of this poverty are manifold. Some of the reasons being the unpredictable rainfalls, shortages of water in dry season, lack of production skills and credit facilities are just some of the reasons of poverty. Conflicts Sudan has been declared the largest, and one of the most complex operations of World Food Program (WFP, 2011). And one of the reasons that threaten the food security and economic viability of Sudan is the state of ongoing conflict in parts of the country. About one-third of the population, which comprises approximately two million people, has been internally displaced by the conflicts that arose in Darfur in 2003. Meanwhile, South Sudan is also aiming for recovery from the civil wars and things are not also all well in the East with chronic food insecurity and underdevelopment (WFP, 2011). Steps towards Economic Development It, however, comes as surprising that Sudan’s official website is silent on issues as pressing as these. All of these cases are either covered by the U.S. Department of State’s website or the websites of the agencies of United Nations. However, the country’s website addresses the steps that are being taken to promote economic development. In this respect, Sudan’s official website (Republic of Sudan, 2008) cites the development under progress of Merawe Dam, a multipurpose water energy project that aims at generating hydro-electric power to address the electricity issues that are currently hampering the economic development of Sudan. To promote further economic development, Almougran and Khartoum’s new business and residential Central Business District (CBD)’s foundation was also laid in 2008. The U.S. Department of State’s (2011) estimated figures for 2007 state the oil production to be 466,100 barrels per day. It is worth mentioning that oil exports accounted for 70% of revenue earned through exports in the year 2005 for Sudan. Now with the secession of South Sudan into an independent state expected to take place in july 2011 through a referendum that took place in January 2011, the civil war between southern and northern regions of Sudan will finally come to an end, which will help Sudan in concentrating the most on reaping the most of its natural resources, to pay more attention to and
develop its infrastructure, excel in oil production and export activities, and achieve its potential for development and export . As a result of some strict measures, Sudan’s current account crossed into surplus region since Sudan’s independence in 1956. However, things have not been a path of roses since then. The eruption of conflicts in Darfur caused a seemingly irrecoverable jolt to the economic development of Sudan, plunging Sudan into further darkness. Since then, the small industrial sector has been shaky, not been able to contribute towards economic development which is inhibited by the weak infrastructure of the country. The quantity of students inclining towards online writing companies is rapidly increasing, but so are the digits of scams by these companies. Mostly students rely on thugs and then they endure a loss of their precious time, money and most imperative grades. Legit essay writing websites are not easier to search for. The world of internet is bombarded with a number of essays writing websites and searching for the best is turning out to be a tiring job.