Bibliography

Guan Lee’s research into the processes of 3D printing with clay started in 2014 and was one of the first to study the viability of this method in architectural production. Subsequently, in the same year, it won the RIBA Research Trust Award. The solo show Life of Clay: Experimental Practice at Grymsdyke Farm at The Architecture Centre in Bristol was listed by The Guardian as one of the best exhibitions of 2017. Between 2017 and 2018, Lee realised a permanent architectural intervention at the V&A. This new and innovative process using 3D-printed clay had not been trialled at such a large scale before and features the first 3D-printed ceramic elements within an architectural fabric. Since opening to the public, it has been visited by 4.2 million people annually.

Braungart, M. and McDonough, W. (2009).

Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We

Make Things. New York: Vintage Books. Lee, G. and Morgan, E. (2016). ‘The Robot and the Swallow: Sustainable Practice in a

Digital World’. Research Based Education 2016. 1. pp. 122–9. Minke, G. (2006). Building with Earth: Design and Technology of a Sustainable

Architecture. Basel: Birkhäuser. Searle, A., Jones, J., Wainwright, O., and

O’Hagan, S. (2017). ‘Great Exhibitions: 2017’s Best Art, Photography, Architecture and Design’. The Guardian. 7 January. [Viewed 18 September 2019]. www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2017/ jan/07/best-art-photographyarchitecture-design-exhibitions-2017 Williams, R. (1976). Keywords: A Vocabulary of

Culture and Society. Oxford University

Press.

52 (overleaf) V&A tiles installed in the museum’s jewellery pavilion, 2018. 2,500 tiles were required, each measuring 23 cm2 .

53

53 V&A tiles, 2018. A staggered firing process resulted in a similar installation process.